welfare of scheduled castes, scheduled tribes and other backward classes

8/14/2019 Welfare of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Classes

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8.1. Welfare of SC, ST and Other Backward Classes 267

8.1. WELFARE OF SCHEDULED CASTES, SCHEDULED TRIBES ANDOTHER BACKWARD CLASSES

I. Welfare of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes

In t roduct ion

India is a welfare State, committed to the welfare and developmentof its people and of vulnerable sections in particular. The preamble,Directive Principles of State Policy, Fundamental Rights and specificsections, viz., Articles 38, 39 and 46 in the Constitution of India, standtestimony to the commitment of the State to its people.

Socially disadvantaged groups of Scheduled Castes/ ScheduledTribes have received special focus over the years for their social andeconomic advancement. Government has taken several steps for framing

appropriate policies needed to design and implement various welfareprogrammes for achieving the objective of creating favourable environmentto ensure speedy socio economic development of SCs/ STs. For the wellbeing of these communities, special target-oriented programmes are beingimplemented by earmarking funds, providing subsidies, offeringreservations in employment and educational institutions etc.

According to the 1991 Census, the population of Scheduled Castesin Tamil Nadu was 107.12 lakhs, constituting 19.18% of the totalpopulation. The Scheduled Tribes numbering 5.74 lakhs constitute 1.03%of the total population. The major ameliorative activities for thesecommunities are grouped as educational development, economic

development, housing and other schemes, Special Component Plan andTribal Sub Plan. The implementation of the Special Component Plan (SCP)for Scheduled Castes and the Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) for Scheduled Tribeshas received special attention since their inception, as these programmesare effective instruments to ensure proportionate flow of funds for SCs andSTs from other general development sectors.

Review of Ninth Five Year Plan

The main objective of the Ninth Plan was to intensify the efforts tobridge the gap between Scheduled Castes / Scheduled Tribes and the rest

of the population. An outlay of Rs. 775 crores was provided for the NinthPlan and the anticipated expenditure during the period is Rs. 621.39crores. Group-headwise outlay and anticipated expenditure during Ninthplan period are indicated below :




Financia l

(Rs. in crores)

Sl.No.

Details on programmes Ninth PlanOutlay

1997-2002

Ninth PlanAnt.Expr.

1997-2002I. Ongoing Schemes :

A. Scheduled Castes :

1. Education 204.20 233.60

2. Economic Development 29.55 9.80

3. Housing and other schemes 324.36 284.40

4. Special Component Plan - 54.37

Total : Scheduled Castes 558.11 582.17

B. Scheduled Tribes : -

1. Education 18.79 4.51

2. Economic Development 1.58 1.58

3. Housing and other schemes 3.00 0.22

4. Tribal Sub Plan 39.53 25.49

5. Hill Area Development Programme - 7.42Total : Scheduled Tribes 62.90 39.22

I Total : Ongoing Schemes (A+B) 621.01 621.39

II New Schemes 153.99 ***

Grand Total : I and II 775.00 621.39

*** - expenditure. for the new schemes is included in the ongoing schemes.

Physical

The physical achievement in respect of major schemes during theNinth plan period is given below:

Sl.No. Item No. ofBeneficiaries

Educat ion

1. Prematric scholarshipi) Government of Indiaii) State

174357 students4582011 students

2. Postmatric scholarshipi) Government of Indiaii) State

899093 students76373 students

3. Free education (degree course) 62463 students4. Loan Scholarship 42281 students

5. Upgradation of schoolsi) Primary to middleii) Middle to Highiii) High to Higher Secondary

115 schools18 schools21 schools

6. Opening of GTR schools 10 schools

7. Opening of new hostels 107 hostels

8. Construction of new hostels 111 hostels

9. Special incentive schemesi) Girl students studying in III-V Stds.ii) Girl students entering VI Std.,

290918175818

CM's merit award 21080

1.Economic Development

Distribution of milch animals 11239

2. Distribution of plough bulls 19053. Technically trained persons 5082




Sl.No. Item No. ofBeneficiaries

Housing and o ther schemes 1. Distribution of free house site pattas 268359

2. Construction of houses under Rural Housingscheme 166005

3. Drinking water 12387 habitations

4. Construction of community halls 25 Halls

5. Primitive Tribes 1911

6. Dispersed tribes 1851

Educat ion

Literacy status is one of the key indicators of socio-economicdevelopment and the relative employment opportunities largely depend onthe level of education. At present 1017 ADW schools and 247 Tribal

Residential Schools are run mainly for the benefit of these communities.Totally 2,23,762 Children are studying in AD schools and 38,656 children inTribal Residential Schools. Out of 1017 ADW schools, 29 schools are stillin rented buildings and out of 247 GTR schools, 37 are in rented buildings.Though nearly 70% of the total allocation has been spent on educationaldevelopment, the literacy level of the Scheduled Castes (46.74%) andScheduled Tribes (27.89%) was less than the overall literacy level(62.66%). The difference in female literacy level (for SC 34.81% and forTribals 20.23%) is still more pronounced. The pass percentage in X and XIIStds in AD Welfare schools was 57% and 73% in 1997-98 and during2000-01 it was 54% and 59% respectively. Hence major thrust was laid on

educational schemes and specific measures were taken to improve thequality of education in AD and Tribal schools. Special coaching was givento the entire X and XII Std students, special guides were prepared anddistributed to them so that they could perform well in the publicexamination. Special training was imparted through the Department ofTeachers Education Research and Training (DTERT) to the teachersworking in Adi Dravidar and Tribal schools by using modern methods ofteaching and new techniques. Secondary grade teachers trainingprogramme was started since 1997-98 in 17 DIET centres exclusively for Adi-dravidars and Tribals. So far, 850 students including 85 tribal studentshad undergone training and the first batch completed two years course in

1999.

Besides sanction of regular educational concessions, the othermeasures taken include strengthening of infrastructural facilities likeconstruction of school buildings, additional classrooms, laboratorybuildings, provision of lab equipments, computers, furniture and playmaterials, upgradation of schools at all levels, opening of residentialschools, construction of vocational training centres, provision of basicamenities like toilets, drinking water etc. So far 92 high/higher secondary ADW schools and 11 GTR high/higher secondary schools were providedwith computer facilities. Computer education was introduced in 87 high /

higher secondary schools and computer training was imparted to theteachers in high and higher secondary schools. With a view to ensuring




100% enrolment and reducing the dropout rates among girls, an incentiveof Rs. 500/- at the rate of Rs. 50/- per month for 10 months for 60,000 girlstudents studying in III to V was provided in the educationally backwarddistricts. Similarly to encourage their continuous schooling, an incentive ofRs. 1000/- at the rate of Rs. 100/- p.m. was provided to 30,000 girlsentering VI Std., in the entire State. In order to encourage girl students forpursuing higher studies, free bicycles were provided to all SCs/ STs/ SCconverts studying in XI and XII standards in Government/aided schools.Free education programme upto post graduation level for SC/ ST girlstudents was introduced.

Hostels

There are 1076 hostels for SCs with a total strength of 77,509boarders and 26 hostels for tribals with a strength of 1271 boarders run bythis Department. Out of 1076 hostels, 502 hostels are in Government

Buildings and the remaining 574 hostels are in rented buildings. Out ofthese hostels, one at Dindigul and another at Ambur are exclusivelyintended for children whose parents are engaged in unclean occupation.Besides the Government hostels for Adi-dravidar and Tribals, a grant ofRs.150/- per month per student was provided to 4316 students in 43subsidised private hostels. 107 new school /college hostels were openedand 111 SC/ ST hostels were constructed. The income limit of the parentsfor admission to hostels was increased from Rs. 15,000/- to Rs. 50,000/-from the year 1997-98. The rate of food charges for colleges / ITI / Schoolswas enhanced from Rs. 202.50/ Rs. 197.50/ Rs. 180 per month perboarder to Rs. 400/- for college and ITI hostels and Rs. 300/- for AD andTribal residential schools. The basic infrastructural facilities viz., LPGconnection, wet grinders, furniture, play materials, library facilities, TV setsfor college/ ITI hostels were provided in a phased manner.

Econom ic Deve lopment

In the field of economic development, financial assistance wasoffered to these communities from TAHDCO for undertaking economicactivities viz., distribution of plough bulls, milch animals and starting of pettytrades. During 1998-99, the scheme of free supply of tools and applianceswas modified as `Kalvi Kudumba Thittam'. Under this scheme, family as a

unit of development is recognised and poor SC/ ST family having amember with a degree or diploma holder is assisted for self-employment.Existing training institutions were strengthened. Several innovative trainingprogrammes in fashion technology, plastic processing, executive secretary,footwear technology, drivers training etc., were also conducted andplacement was tied up with reputed institutions. Special coaching facilitiesfor the SC / ST candidates were extended through Pre-examination centreto enable them to appear for civil service competitive examinations to getemployment in State/ Central Government offices and public sectorundertakings. Special short term coaching was given to SC/ ST candidatesthrough Directorate of Employment and Training to appear for professional

course entrance examination under Centrally Sponsored Scheme on 50:50




basis. Coaching classes were conducted for 21 days in 29 centres for1200 candidates per year in the State.

Housing and o ther act iv i t ies

Regarding Housing, distribution of free house site pattas,construction of houses for poor Adi-dravidars and Tribals and provision ofinfrastructural facilities to SC/ ST habitations were the prime priority areasin the Ninth Plan. Nearly 2.59 lakh house-site pattas were issued and 1.38lakh houses were constructed. Supply of protected drinking water facilitieswas provided in 12,387 SC/ ST habitations. 25 community halls wereconstructed. Provision of burial ground and pathways to burial ground,drinking water facilities, electricity facilities, etc. were also implemented.Mobile dispensaries and medical camps were organized to attend to thegeneral and specific health problems of the tribal communities, since tribalhabitations are located in isolated hill and forest areas. Direct programmes

for the welfare and development of primitive tribes and dispersed tribeswere launched through an integrated action plan incorporating supply ofsafe drinking water, food and nutrition security, health coverage,educational facilities, housing etc.

Tenth Five Year Plan

The approach in the Tenth Plan will be towards educational,economic and social advancement of SCs and STs. The main aim will beto improve the standard of living, reducing the incidence of poverty andimproving employment and income earning opportunities of poor families,

educated youth and increasing their entrepreneurial capacity.The objectives and strategies in the areas of Education, Economic

Development and Housing & other activities are as follows:

Educat ion

The objectives for educational advancement of SCs and STs includeimproving the literacy rate, female literacy rate, universal education,improving the educational status, increasing the enrolment rate, reducingdropout rate, repetition and retention rate at all levels, improving the passpercentage in X and XII Stds., improving the performance in competitive

examinations, improving the quality of teaching and encouraging theintegration of ST with the rest of the society. The strategies for achievingthese objectives include equipping all the schools/ hostels with necessaryinfrastructural facilities, providing basic amenities to all schools, opening ofnew ADW/ GTR schools/ hostels, upgradation of schools, special coaching,educational concessions, increasing the coverage under provision ofincentives to girl students etc. The thrust will be on the larger involvementof the community through active participation of the parent-teacherassociations, local bodies, activists/ volunteers and NGOs, strengthening offormation and functioning of PTAs, imparting training to school studentsafter completion of schooling and absorbing them as teachers for primary

sections, constitution of school-management committees to supervise theimprovement of school infrastructure, creating better teaching-learning




atmosphere and monitoring the quality of education. For achievinguniversal education, the facilities provided under DPEP and Sarva Sikhsha Abeyan Programmes will be utilised for strengthening school / hostelinfrastructure. They include construction of additional class rooms, labs,provision of lab equipments, better teaching learning materials, playgrounds, sports materials, provision of water facilities, sanitary facilities andupgrading of schools wherever possible. For the promotion of tribaleducation, special emphasis will be laid on opening of more number ofGTR schools, enhancing grants to ashram school, establishing vocationaltraining institutes, stepping up of community participation in education,establishing close relationship with the tribes, opening of non formaleducation and evening schools in tribal areas.


The objectives will be to reduce the percentage of SC/ ST families

living below poverty line to less than 10% and to raise the economic statusof this segment of the population. The strategies will be towards mobilisingand organising the poor SC and ST families in Self- Help Groups (SHGs),creating awareness on literacy and health care, improving the capacity andability of poor people to manage risks, promoting self reliance and thrift,supporting them to form micro- enterprises in wide range of key activitiesby giving support in infrastructure, forward and backward linkages andother assistance for improvement in the income generating capacity of SCand ST families living below poverty line, improving the skills of SCs/ STsby providing training, and identification of appropriate institutions andactivities, imparting wide range captive job-oriented vocational training tothe educated unemployed youth, providing linkages for job placement orself-employment through EDP, promoting income generating capacities inindustry/ secondary sector and service sector thereby providing mobilityfrom low income areas of primary sector to high income areas of secondaryand services sector, imparting entrepreneurial skills and giving financialand non-financial support to the SCs/ STs to start small and medium scaleenterprises in industrial and service sectors.


The main objectives will be to fulfil the housing needs of these

communities and to reduce the gap in the provision of basic amenitiesbetween Scheduled Caste habitations, to improve the health and nutritionalstatus of Scheduled Castes/ Scheduled Tribes population, to recognise thetribal forest rights, especially the ownership of minor forest produce, toprevent/ prohibit land alienation of tribal lands for which rules andregulations will be strictly followed while transferring the tribal lands to nontribals. The strategies will include assignment of housesite pattas,construction of houses, provision of basic amenities like drinking water,link roads, electricity, street lights to the SC/ ST habitations and provisionof burial ground and pathways to burial ground to all the adi-dravidarhabitations. The other activities include strengthening of ICDS scheme to

the lactating women to meet the health and nutritional needs, creating




awareness on modern health care and sanitation facilities to tribalpopulation.

Object ives of Tenth Plan

• Improving standard of living of SC & ST

• Reducing the incidence of poverty among SC & ST

• Improving the socio-economic status through various developmentaland income-generating activities.

• Improving the employment opportunities for educated youth of poorfamilies.

• Improving the educational status, enhance the entrepreneurialcapacity.

• Improving the living conditions.

Strategies

• Universalisation of primary education.

- Increasing the enrolment rate

- Reducing drop out percentage

• Improving the literacy rate

- General literacy and Female Literacy

• Improving the quality of teaching and improving the performancein competitive examinations.

• Increasing the pass percentage in X and XII Standards

• Reducing the gap in poverty percentage between SC, ST andother sections of the population

• Fulfilling the housing needs and reducing the gap in the provisionof basic amenities.

• Providing opportunity to SC women to form Self Help Group

• Improving the health and nutritional status

• Strengthening the basic amenities and infrastructural facilities inthe SC and ST habitations.

• Creating awareness on the schemes

• Ensuring removal of disparities




Tenth Plan Out lay

An outlay of Rs. 1200 crores will be provided for the Tenth Plan forthe Welfare of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, out of which anamount of Rs. 1044.16 crores will be provided for SCs and Rs. 155.84

crores for STs both ongoing and new schemes. The major programmewisedetails are indicated below:

Financial Outlay for Tenth Plan (Rs. in crores)

Sl.No.

Details on programmes OngoingSchemes

New Schemes Total

A. Scheduled Castes :

1. Education 433.85 54.69 488.54

2. Economic Development 5.94 51.75 57.69

3. Housing and other schemes 364.36 96.45 460.814. Special Component Plan 37.12 37.12

Total : Scheduled Castes 841.27 202.89 1044.16

B. Scheduled Tribes :

1. Education 28.58 62.90 91.48

2. Economic Development 0.40 1.82 2.22

3. Housing and other schemes 0.00 3.23 3.23

4. Tribal Sub Plan 50.16 0.00 50.16

5. Hill Area Development Programme 8.75 0.00 8.75Total : Scheduled Tribes 87.89 67.95 155.84

Grand Total : A and B 929.17 270.83 1200.00

The ongoing and new programmewise details under major heads ofEducation, Economic Development and Housing & other activities are asfollows.

Educat ion

The existing ongoing programmes viz., opening and maintenanceof schools/ hostels, upgradation of schools, construction andmaintenance of school/ hostel buildings, incentives to girl students,strengthening the infrastructural facilities in schools/ hostels, extension ofspecial coaching facilities, award of scholarships and other educational

concessions and award of prizes will be continued.




New Schemes

Captive teacher training programmes for SCs/ STs

Under special captive training programme, eligible students in thelocal tribal community will be identified to get teacher training in variouscategories in each of the hill blocks in order to fill up at least 80% of thevacancies from the local tribal community in all the educational

institutions. For this scheme an amount of Rs. 0.60 crore will be providedto benefit 6000 SC/ ST students.

Strengthening the monitoring mechanisms through local participation

District and state volunteers committees will be constituted forsupervising and guiding the schools and hostels. These committees willcover the expenditure for conducting seminars and workshops for teachers.This will supplement the efforts of the village/ block/ district educationcommittees constituted under DPEP/ SSA. An outlay of Rs. 0.30 crore willbe provided for this scheme.

Acquisition of land for schools

Out of 1075 schools, 29 schools are still functioning in rentedbuildings. Many schools are not having adequate space for construction ofadditional class rooms, buildings and play grounds. Hence an amount ofRs. 5 crore will be provided for acquisition of lands for schools.

Provision of lab and lab equipments

At present 36 high schools and 46 higher secondary schools are notprovided with adequate lab facilities. An allocation of Rs. 12.30 crores will

be provided for providing laboratory buildings and lab equipments in all thehigh and higher secondary schools.

Educat ion - New schemes

• Captive teacher training programmes for SCs/ STs

• Strengthening the monitoring mechanisms through local

participation

• Acquisition of land for schools

• Provision of lab and lab equipments

• Extension of computer education to high schools

• Promotion of Private management schools to benefit SCs/ STs.

• Promotion of private sector participation in Hostel management

• Assistance to students staying in hostels run by private

Institutions / colleges/ Universities




Extension of computer education to high schools

Presently, computer education is provided only in higher secondaryschools as part of vocational training. In order to make computer educationas a compulsory course to all students and make them familiar with

computer at an early stage, an amount of Rs. 2.45 crores will be providedto make computer facilities in all schools.

Promotion of Private management schools to benefit SCs/ STs.

Opening of new institutions by Trust, Society, NGOs or individuals,with more than 75% of SC/ ST coverage will be provided with 50% specialinfrastructural incentive besides full reimbursement of teachers' salary as inthe case of aided schools. This will encourage private sector participationin bringing the benefits of education to SCs/ STs. Such institution will coverschools, ITIs, polytechnics, colleges and training institutions. An amount of

Rs. 0.50 crore will be provided for this scheme.

Promotion of private sector participation in Hostel management

Opening of new hostels by Trust, Society and NGOs will beencouraged by offering Government lands on term lease purchase basis.Management of hostels by private institution will be supported with full foodcharges and allowances normally borne by Government and in addition, alump sum grant will be given to meet expenses for administration. Anamount of Rs. 5 crores will be provided for this scheme.

Assistance to students staying in hostels run by private Institutions/

colleges/ Universities

Existing hostels are inadequate to accommodate the increasingnumber of students seeking admission in important education centres.Further, rented buildings are costly for opening of new hostels. Hostels runby private institutions / colleges on payment basis are not affordable forpoor students as the scholarships are inadequate to cover such expenses.Hence an amount of Rs. 4 crores will be provided to reimburse theboarding and lodging charges met by the students staying in hostels run byprivate institutions, colleges / Universities.

An amount of Rs. 24.54 crores will be allocated for the other newschemes viz., hostel buildings, free education to students of SC/ ST, SCConverts studying in professional courses, coaching to SC/ ST students to join IIT and new hostels for ITI students.




Econom ic Development - New Schemes

Special Economic Development Programme

The ongoing schemes of distribution of plough bulls, milch animalsand assistance to technically trained persons will be merged and modifiedas special economic development programme consisting of land basedactivities like leasing, acquiring, purchasing and distribution of lands forcultivation supported by irrigation and subsidies, organic farming,floriculture, cultivation of medicinal plants, setting up of agro service centreor other non- farm and service sector activities to accommodate majority ofagricultural labourers either on individual or group basis. This will open up

a wide range of opportunities to tap the newly emerging economicdevelopment activities in service sector without unduly upsetting theirpresent occupational pattern. An amount of Rs. 10 crores will be providedfor this scheme.

Skill Development / building training to BPL families for the promotion ofmicro enterprises

It is felt that organising the poor unskilled SC families particularlywomen in rural areas into SHGs and providing them with income earningskill will be more useful to them rather than disbursement of subsidies. In

Tenth Plan, such skill training will be given on a wide range of activitiescovering agriculture and allied sectors and non-farm sectors. A tie uparrangement will be made with TAHDCO funded schemes for startingmicro-enterprises. About two lakh poor women will be trained in suchspecial skills at a cost of Rs. 6 crores.

Venture Capital funding

In the promotion of micro-enterprises among the SHGs, innovativeenterprises in group activity will be supported initially as venture capitalfunding with full grant and once the viability is demonstrated it will be

extended to other groups. Every year 20 such projects will be taken up at a

Econom ic Development - New Schemes

• Special Economic Development Programme

• Skill Development / building training to Below PovertyLine families for the promotion of micro enterprises

• Venture Capital funding

• Vocational Training

• Talent Search Training programme for job placementsin private sector




cost of Rs. 0.50 crore each and the total cost for Tenth Plan works out toRs. 5 crores.

Vocational Training

In order to create self-employment opportunities and enable theSCs/ STs to get into jobs, thrust will be laid on building vocational skills incomputer application, house keeping, nursing, agro-service centre, hotelmanagement and catering, fitter and plumbing, metal workers, veterinaryworkers, beautician, dietician, fashion designing, tailoring, carpentry, stonecarving, etc. Training will be given in well-established training institutions toensure quality in training. In the Tenth Plan, at least 50,000 youthbelonging to SCs with 50% coverage of women will be imparted with abovespecial training skills. An outlay of Rs. 25 crores will be provided for thisscheme.

Talent Search Training programme for job placements in private sector

A talent search training programme for employment placement inprivate sector will be introduced. Qualified Engineers/ MBA Graduates/P.G. candidates will be selected by means of campus interviews oradvertisements and special training programme will be arranged onPersonnel Management/ Financial Management/ Industrial Relations/Project Management for absorbing them in the private sector. An amountof Rs. 5 crores will be provided for this scheme.


The existing schemes of provision of free house site pattas,construction of houses, provision of basic amenities etc. will be continued.It should be ensured that houses are constructed on the lands for whichpattas have already been issued to Adi-dravidars in the previous years.

New schemes

Special self-sufficiency programme

The existing activities will also be combined as a special self-sufficiency programme which will cover street lights, link roads, sanitationaccess to anganwadies, schools etc and supplement the sectoral plans ofthe departments. An amount of Rs. 60 crores will be provided for this

scheme.

Housin g and oth er act iv i t ies - New schemes

• Special self-sufficiency programme

• Hutlight Programme

• Housing for Adi dravidars engaged in unclean

occupation




Hutlight Programme

For the hutlight programme, an amount of Rs.13.45 crores will beprovided to cover one lakh huts belonging to poor AD families.

Housing for Adi dravidars engaged in unclean occupation

An amount of Rs. 23 crores will be provided for construction of 2000houses for Adidravidars engaged in unclean occupation.

Art and culture

The activities proposed under Art and Culture include i) setting up ofa Research Centre, ii) establishment of a Training College for performingarts exclusive for SCs/ STs, iii) setting up of a model village for the SC/ STartists and sculptors like the existing Chola-Mandalam village for artists,iv) setting up of SC/ ST archives, and v) creating a separate division for

SC/ ST publication and other literary activities. An amount of Rs. 5.25crores will be provided for this scheme.

The other new schemes for Scheduled Tribes include construction ofbuildings for boys and girls hostels, award of research fellowship, Storagepoint, fixing of minimum purchase price for minor forest products, datacentre, State level Employment Exchange, show room at Chennai, openingof flour mills, EDP for 2000 Tribal women. An amount of Rs. 62.70 croreswill be provided for these schemes.




Specia l Compon ent Plan

Specia l Compo nent Plan

The Special Component Plan for Scheduled Castes constitutes adistinct feature of the planning process in the country and is intended tocomprehensively cover economic, educational and social developmentalong with the fulfilment of minimum needs and human resourcesdevelopment. There are, in the main, two aspects in the flow of resourcesto the Special Component Plan, firstly the direct flow through family-oriented and individual-oriented programmes aimed at economicdevelopment and secondly, the flow to the programmes for scheduledcastes through provision of social services, infrastructure and otherfacilities.

The Special Component Plan mechanism was evolved during the

Sixth Plan to channelise the flow of benefits from the State Plan for thedevelopment of Scheduled Castes in physical and financial terms. Theseprogrammes have been designed to help poor Scheduled Caste familiesthrough composite income generating programmes and to cover all themajor occupational groups among Scheduled Castes such as agriculturallabourers, small and marginal farmers, sweepers and scavengers,unorganized labourers below poverty line etc. Further, the SpecialComponent Plan seeks to improve the living conditions of ScheduledCastes through provision of drinking water supply, link roads, house-sitesand housing, primary schools, health centres, veterinary centres,community halls, nutrition centres, extension of electricity etc., in theScheduled Caste habitations.

According to 1991 census, out of the total population of 558.59lakhs in Tamil Nadu 107.12 lakhs belong to Scheduled Castes constituting19.18% of the total population. About 79% of the Scheduled Castes areliving in the rural areas. In the whole country, Tamil Nadu is the sixth Statehaving the highest percentage of Scheduled Caste population. Asignificant group of the Scheduled Caste population are economicallydeprived and socially marginalised. Most of the SC families lack resourcesand their access to education, employment and other income-earningopportunities is limited. The literacy rate of the Scheduled Castes is only

46.74% which is much lower compared to the State’s overall literacy rateof 62.66%.

The aim of the Special Component Plan is to ensure flow of fundsat least to the extent of the Scheduled Caste population to the overallpopulation in the State which is 19.18%. As a result of the proactive policyinterventions on the part of the Government of India and StateGovernments, the socio-economic conditions of the Scheduled Casteshave improved considerably.




Review of Nin th Five Year Plan

An outlay of Rs. 4857.31 crore was earmarked in the Ninth Plan forSpecial Component Plan and the anticipated expenditure is Rs. 3821.44crores. Totally, 133.16 lakh beneficiaries were assisted during the period.

Tenth Plan

With the advent of Special Component Plan for the welfare ofScheduled Castes, the gap in the socio-economic status of ScheduledCastes in relation to other communities has narrowed down. Theprogrammes implemented during the Ninth Plan will continue in the TenthPlan with increased outlay by various development Departments.

A sum of Rs. 7672 crores will flow as State’s share to ScheduledCastes under Special Component Plan during Tenth Plan which works out

to 19.18 per cent of the State Plan outlay. The Government of India isexpected to release a sum of Rs. 365 crores as Special Central Assistanceto Tamil Nadu in respect of economic development schemes of ScheduledCastes. In addition, a sum of Rs. 740 crores may flow to Scheduled Castesas Institutional Finance. All the sources put together, totally a sum ofRs. 8777 crores will flow to Special Component Plan during the Tenth Plan.

Tenth p lan programm es

Agriculture – Crop Husbandry

As per 1995-96 Agricultural census, 8.01 lakh Scheduled Castes are

engaged in agricultural activities and 5.42 lakh hectare lands are owned bythem which is 7.42% of the total area of 73.04 lakh hectares. Agriculturaldevelopment programmes involve efforts and thrust to increase theproductivity level through supply of quality seeds, agricultural implements,micro nutrients, bio-fertilizers, and low cost eco-friendly bio-pesticides atsubsidized cost, technical skill to the farmers and farm women.Dissemination of research findings to Scheduled Caste farmers is donethrough agricultural extension network. Some of these efforts are supportedwith subsidy assistance made available from the Government of Indiasponsored programmes. An amount of Rs. 375 crores will be provided forimplementing the activities under agriculture.

Soil and Water Conservation

Useful protective and productive measures are undertaken onwatershed basis under soil conservation schemes. Protective measuresinclude contour bunding works, gully control measures, viz., construction ofcheck dams, construction of diversion drains and stream training works andproductive measures consist of tractor ploughing, land levelling and landshaping, pipe laying as water management works in garden lands andconstruction of farm ponds. Suitable cropping patterns are followed basedon land potential. An amount of Rs. 360 crores will be provided for soil and

water conservation measures.




Animal Husbandry

According to 1991 census, out of 78.96 lakh agricultural labourers,31.50 lakhs belong to Scheduled Castes and among the total of 56.64 lakhcultivators, 7.19 lakhs are Scheduled Castes. Though Agriculture is the

main stay of the Scheduled Castes, it does not keep them engagedthroughout the year. Therefore, these people necessarily depend on somesubsidiary occupation such as rearing of high breed calves, sheep, goat,poultry, etc to supplement their income. Financial assistance in the form ofsubsidy or loan will be given to SC population for the purchase of livestockthrough various schemes. To increase the productivity of these animals,the local breeds are upgraded. In order to provide better veterinary healthcare to the livestock reared by SC population, a total number of 10veterinary dispensaries, one veterinary hospital, 34 mobile veterinarydispensaries and 7 mobile veterinary units are functioning under theSpecial Component Plan. An amount of Rs. 13.50 crores will be provided

during the Tenth Plan period for the maintenance of existing veterinarydispensaries, upgrading of veterinary dispensaries, maintenance of mobileveterinary units and other related activities of animal husbandry.

Co-operation

The Co-operatives play an important role in the economicdevelopment of the people particularly SCs. In Tamil Nadu, primary levelco-operatives occupy a vital role in providing credit facilities to farmers,small and medium term loans for subsidiary occupations, distribution ofessential raw materials relating to agriculture and also supplying essential

commodities at fair prices. In order to help the scheduled caste people toget more benefits from these co-operatives, they are enrolled as membersin Primary Agricultural Co-operative Banks in large numbers and interest-free share capital loan is provided to them to increase their borrowingpower. It is proposed to allocate a sum of Rs. 14.25 crores towardsproviding assistance to co-operative members during Tenth Plan period.

Special Area Programme for Rural Development

Most of the schemes implemented by Rural DevelopmentDepartment have separate allocations to provide basic amenities in thehabitations of Adi-dravidar / Tribal communities. These schemes alsoenvisage the upliftment of the socio-economic conditions of the rural Adi-dravidar / Tribal Communities. The schemes implemented for the welfareof the Adi-dravidar / Tribal communities are :-

(a) Swarna Jayanthi Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY)

Government of India introduced this new self-employmentprogramme for the rural poor from 1.4.1999. The new scheme (SGSY) isan amalgamation of various erstwhile self-employment schemes and itfocusses on the self-help group (SHG) formation, activity / cluster basedeconomic assistance for self-employment, skill building, technology and

infrastructure development including marketing etc. The objective of thisprogramme is to provide sustainable income to the rural poor who are




below poverty line by organising them into self help groups, training themfor vocation and providing them credit linkage with financial institutions.The scheme is shared between Centre and State. 50% of the allocation isearmarked for SC / ST population.

(b) Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY)

Free houses are constructed for the families living in rural areas,which is funded on shared basis by the Centre and State. Unit cost hasbeen fixed as Rs. 20000/- for ordinary soil and Rs. 22000/- for black cottonsoil. Besides this, the State Government provides a sum of Rs. 12000/- perhouse for laying RCC roof. Beneficiaries are selected by Grama Sabhasand 85% of the allocation is provided to them. Besides upgradation ofunserviceable kutcha houses will also be taken up under IAY.

(c) Sampoorna Grameen Rojgar Yojana (SGRY)

The Employment Assurance Scheme (EAS) and Jawahar RozgarYojana (JRY) implemented for creation of employment opportunities andinfrastructural facilities in the rural areas have been merged and a newscheme known as Sampoorna Grameen Rojgar Yojana (SGRY) has beenintroduced in 2002. The prime objective of the scheme is creation ofadditional wage employment opportunities during the period of acuteshortage of wage employment through manual work and also creation ofdurable community assets for sustained employment and development ofrural masses. Public contribution from the individuals/ institutions/community will be encouraged to expand the programme resources.

Under this scheme, 22.5% of allocation is made to the district and blockpanchayats for individual oriented activities for Adi-dravidar and tribalbeneficiaries.

(d) Restructured Central Rural Sanitation Programme (RCRSP)

The objective of Restructured Central Rural Sanitation Programmeis to improve the sanitary conditions in the rural areas and ensure privacyand dignity of rural women. During 1999-2000, Government of India haverestructured the Central Rural Sanitation Programme and issued revisedguidelines for its implementation. Under individual household latrines, 25%of the total allocation should be earmarked for the Scheduled Castes. Apartfrom this programme, construction of ADW hostels will be taken up fromMember of Legislative Assembly Constituency Development scheme(MPLADP). An amount of Rs. 1050 crores will be allocated forimplementing these programmes during the Tenth Plan period.

Community Development

(a) Danida Assisted Water Supply and Sanitation Demand Project inCuddalore and Villupuram Districts.

The objective of WASDEP is to provide sustainable water supply

and improved sanitary conditions in the project areas through participatoryand demand driven approach.




(b) Rural Water Supply Grant

Under the comprehensive water supply programme to provideprotected drinking water facility to all the villages in Tamil Nadu with

reference to the availability of source and population, it has been targetedto cover the villages where there is no water source within a distance ofone kilometre on priority basis. The existing programme of construction ofbore wells, replacement/ extension of distribution pipelines will bestrengthened. An amount of Rs. 245 crores will be provided forimplementing the above programmes during Tenth Plan.

Forest Department

Tamil Nadu Afforestation Project is an important schemeimplemented by the Forest Department, which is the most beneficial

scheme to the Scheduled Castes. The scheme is implemented with thefinancial assistance from Japan Bank for International Co-operation, Japan.The main objectives of the schemes are towards providing employmentopportunities to the Scheduled Castes, satisfying the rural requirements ofsmall timber, fodder, firewood and minor forest produce, supplying fruitbearing and other useful tree seedlings, encouraging the habit of treeplanting in their lands and improving their livelihood.

Scheduled Castes are engaged in various afforestation works likesite preparation, survey, raising nursery, planting, weeding, etc. About40% of the total outlay flows as wages to those engaged in these works asper the guidelines issued by the Adi Dravidar and Tribal Welfare

Department. The following concessions are given to them viz., distributionof seedlings such as fruit bearing and other useful trees at concessionalrates for planting in their holdings, cash incentives to tribals for successfulplantations raised by them in their holdings, employment as labourers innurseries, sandal estates, etc., employment as plot watchers, supply offodder, green manure, agricultural implements and pruned materials fromsources within the villages, construction of check dams, community halls,formulation of roads, group houses, providing education, construction ofschool building etc. These schemes will be continued during the Tenth Planwith an allocation of Rs. 490 crores.

Dairy Development

For purchasing milch animals, Government sanction subsidy whilethe Banks extend loan to Adi dravidars and Converted Christians who aremembers of Milk Producers’ Co-operative Societies. An amount of Rs. 250crores will be provided during the Tenth Plan.

Power

Tamil Nadu stands in the forefront in the field of rural electrification.The State has emphasized that all the Scheduled Caste habitations shouldbe provided with electricity. Huts are provided with hut light under thescheme of ‘one hut one light’ implemented by the TNEB. Priority is alsogiven in energising the pumpsets owned by Scheduled Caste farmers. An




amount of Rs. 137.75 crores will be provided towards agricultural serviceconnection and huts electrification.

Village and Small Industries

The Scheduled Castes depend mainly on agriculture and agriculturalallied activities and efforts have been taken to diversify their occupationalpatterns. District Industries Centres have been established in each districtto promote the development of small and village industries and also toprovide the necessary assistance and support for the existing needyindustries.

Sericulture is an agro based cottage industry which gives monthlyreturns to rural people, particularly women and scheduled caste families.Under SCP, mulberry cultivation is taken up with improved new mulberryvarieties by raising saplings. An amount of Rs. 142.50 crores will be

provided in the Tenth Plan. The existing activities of purchase of mulberrysaplings at subsidized cost, training and distribution of free tool kits andsupply of basic rearing appliances like polymer trays and polymermountages will be continued under Special Central AssistanceProgramme.

Roads and Bridges

Roads play an important role in the rapid development of backwardareas. Almost all the rural areas, where the tribal and Scheduled CastesVillages are situated, excepting some pockets, have been linked by somekind of road in Tamil Nadu. Under SCP, the criteria for selection for

connectivity with all weather roads is that the villages should havescheduled caste / tribe population more than 50% of the total population ofthe entire village. This scheme was introduced to mitigate the sufferings ofscheduled caste / tribal population by providing proper access to thenearest B.T. Road. An amount of Rs. 880 crores will be provided towardsformation of roads to the Scheduled Caste habitations during the TenthPlan. (The construction of mud roads may be avoided as they are notsustainable).

General Education

In Tamil Nadu, education upto the level of standard +2 is free for allstudents, tuition fee is not collected from the Scheduled Caste studentsstudying upto post graduate degree courses irrespective of their parentalincome, they are exempted from payment of special fees and examinationfees upto graduate level, free text books, slates and uniforms are suppliedto the SC school students, scholarships and incentives are also awardedto them, Book Banks have been established in all professional colleges,special coaching is given to SC students studying in VIII to +2 standardsin schools and also at college level in rural areas, and basic amenities andinfrastructural facilities are provided to the schools. An amount of Rs. 500crores will be provided for implementing the educational programmes

during the Tenth Plan. Further, a sum of Rs. 25 crores will be provided




towards the schemes under sports and youth services for the benefit ofScheduled Caste students.

Medical and Public Health

The Public Health field staff and mobile health teams attached to thePrimary Health Centres provide medical and health care services to the SCpopulation also. Out of 8,682 Health Sub Centres in the State, 1,436Health Sub Centres have been established in Scheduled Caste/ ScheduledTribe colonies. In order to reduce Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) and MaternalMortality Rate (MMR), SC girls are being trained in asceptic deliverypractices and they work as 'Dais' to attend to deliveries of rural women.They are also trained in basic first aids for snakebite, dog-bite etc. Thesegirls after training act as a link between community and health sub-centre.Essential equipments, hospital supplies and infrastructural facilities will beprovided to all the HSCs and PHCs situated in SC colonies under various

schemes for rendering improved health care services, MCH and FWactivities. An amount of Rs. 250 crores will be provided.

Water Supply and Sanitation

Provision of drinking water facility in Scheduled Caste colonies isbeing dealt with by three departments namely TWAD, Adi-Dravidar & TribalWelfare Department and Rural Development Department. Drinking wateris provided through ground level reservoirs, open wells, overhead tanksetc. Under SCP, every year about 25% of the overall budget outlay ofRural Water Supply is earmarked towards the welfare of the ScheduledCastes. Special emphasis will be given to provide protected drinking water

supply in targetted SC/ ST habitations.

A large number of Scheduled Castes are living in the existing slums.The Chennai Metro Water Sewerage Board is providing water supply andsanitation to the whole Chennai City and priority is given to slums andareas where Scheduled Castes are in large concentration. An amount ofRs. 1125 crores will be provided towards the provision of drinking water toScheduled Caste colonies.

Housing

Housing facilities for SC/ST are provided through the Tamil NaduHousing Board, the Tamil Nadu Slum Clearance Board, the Adi-dravidarand Tribal Welfare Department and the Rural Development Department.Tamil Nadu Housing Board reserves 18% of the plots developed, houses /flats constructed in all its schemes for allotment to SCs. This preferentialtreatment will be continued in the Tenth Plan also. The slum clearancescheme is for construction of multi storeyed tenements in the place ofslums. With a view to provide tenurial security, tenements are allotted toslum dwellers on hire purchase system. Besides, 60% of slum familiesbelonging to SCs are benefitting through various other housingprogrammes like Slum Clearance schemes, Eleventh Finance Commission,

Flood Alleviation programme, Fire Proof Housing programme and Valmigi Ambedkar Awaz Yojana implemented by Tamil Nadu Slum Clearance




Board. An amount of Rs. 312.50 crores will be provided towards housingschemes for poor Scheduled Caste population during the Tenth Plan.

Urban Development

The steady growth in the number of slums in the cities coupled withthe lack of basic amenities and facilities to these slums have posedenvironmental and health hazards. The Tamil Nadu Slum Clearance Boardprovides basic amenities and slum improvement works like roads, streetlights, drinking water supply, storm water drain, public fountains etc tomake slum areas habitable for the families belonging to SCs. Anamount of Rs. 562.50 crores will be provided for this purpose.

Welfare of Scheduled Castes

Under SCP, Adi-dravidar and Tribal Welfare Department isimplementing educational schemes which are supplemental to the efforts of

Education Department. Special coaching is given to the entire X and XIIstd. students and special guides are prepared and distributed to them sothat they could perform well in the public examinations. Besides sanction ofregular educational concessions, other measures are strengthening ofinfrastructural facilities, upgradation of schools and provision of basicamenities to the schools and hostels. An amount of Rs. 854 crores will beprovided.

Social Welfare

The benefits of the Social Welfare schemes of vocational training,

welfare of girl children, marriage assistance etc. flow to SC women also.Further, the Tamil Nadu Women Development Project will cover all the SChabitations in the Tenth Plan with the formation of women's self-helpgroups and by undertaking income generating activities for theempowerment of women. An amount of Rs. 80 crores will be provided forthese activities.

Nutrition

Nutrition programmes of NMP, ICDS and WB-ICDS III cover thechildren in the age group of 0-36 months, 37-60 months, school children,

adolescent girls, antenatal and postnatal mothers and pensioners andthese programmes cover SC population also. The components of Nutritionprogrammes include noon-meal, supplementary feeding, health, pre-school, training and communication. An amount of Rs. 237.50 crores willbe provided.

Tenth Plan Out lay

The flow of funds from various development sectors and physicaltargets for Special Component Plan for the Tenth Plan are given in thefollowing tables.




Specia l Comp onent Plan– Flow o f fund s from State Plan (Rs. in crores)

Sl.

No.

Sector Flow to SCP

1. Agriculture – Crop Husbandry 375.00

2. Soil and Water Conservation 360.00

3. Animal Husbandry 13.50

4. Dairy Development 2.50

5. Forest 490.00

6. Co-operation 14.25

7. Special Area Programme for RuralDevelopment

1050.00

8. Community Development 245.00

9. Power Development 133.00

10. Non-conventional sources of energy 4.75

11. Village and Small Industries 142.50

12. Roads and Bridges 880.00

13. General Education 500.00

14. Sports and Youth Services 25.00

15. Art and Culture 15.00

16. Medical and Public Health 250.00

17. Water Supply and Sanitation 1125.00

18. Housing 312.50

19. Urban Development 562.50

20. Welfare of Scheduled Castes and scheduledTribes

854.00

21. Social Welfare 80.00

22. Nutrition 237.50

23. Labour and Employment -

24. Others -

Grand Total 7672.00




Special Component Plan for Scheduled Castes – Physical Targets

Sl.No. Schemes Unit Target

1. Forest SC Families 1,00,000

2. Rural Development SC Families 3,00,000

3. Agricultural Engineering SC Families 25,000

4. Animal Husbandry SC Families 5,000

5. Industries and Commerce SC Families 12,500

6. Sericulture SC Families 2,500

7. Adi-dravidar Welfare SC Families 7,500

8. Co-operation SC Families 5,000

9. Special Central Assistance SC Families 14,17,500

Total SC Families 18,75,000

Tribal Sub Plan

The tribal population habitations are located in difficult and isolatedhill / forest areas and terrains. Their socio economic conditions are mostlybound with their unique nature of social and cultural heritage. Therefore itis imperative for the State to promote appropriate conditions that wouldenable the tribals to have an economic stake in the resources in their areaso that they can achieve adequate levels of livelihood and well being.

The main tribes in Tamil Nadu are Malayali, Toda, Kurumba, Paniya,Irular, Kattunayakan, Kanikar, Palaiyan, Sholagar, Kadar, Veddar etc., ofwhich Toda, Kurumba, Kattunayakan, Paniya and Irular are primitiveTribes. There are 36 Tribes in all, whose combined population as per 1991census is 5.74 lakhs representing 1.03% of the total population of the Statewhich is 558.59 lakhs. Out of 5.74 lakh tribals, 2.78 lakhs are non-workers and the remaining 2.96 lakhs are workers. Of the 2.96 lakhworkers, 1.34 lakhs are cultivators, 0.93 lakh agricultural labourers, 0.04lakh household workers, 0.47 lakh other workers and 0.18 lakh marginalworkers.

Out of the total tribal population, ITDP areas cover roughly 2 lakhtribals which is one third of the total tribal population. Operationalholdings of tribals are 47,955 covering an area of 77,907 hectares. Although tribals are found in all the districts, their major concentration is innorth, central and western regions of the State. Incidentally majority of thetribal population in Tamil Nadu live in forests. Irulars in Kancheepuramdistrict form an exception to this general trend and are found to live in theplains.




Review of Nin th Five Year Plan

An outlay of Rs. 274.55 crores was earmarked in the Ninth Plan for

Tribal Sub Plan and the anticipated expenditure is Rs. 94.73 crores. Inaddition to this an amount of Rs. 131.79 crores has been released asspecial central assistance for implementing programmes under Tribal SubPlan.

On the whole, 37,876 families were assisted for their economicbetterment under various programmes of Tribal Sub Plan as against theNinth Plan target of 51,382 families. Infrastructural facilities like drinkingwater, street lights, roads connecting the tribal areas with the plains,opening of tribal schools, health sub centres, primary health centres etc.were also provided during the Ninth Plan period.

Tribal Sub Plan

The Tribal Sub Plan was introduced to ensure that all generaldevelopment sectors at the State level earmark funds in proportion to STpopulation so that adequate benefits from all the concerned sectors flow

to the tribal groups.

Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) strategy, which came into being in the FifthFive Year Plan with the twin objectives of area and sectoral approaches,envisages protection of the interests of the Scheduled Tribes throughlegal and administrative measures and developmental and welfareactivities through plan efforts. Empowerment of these historicallydisadvantaged tribal people requires more provision of the basiccapabilities for integrating them into growth process.

The Tribal Sub Plan has been under implementation since1976-77 with the aim of (1) helping the Scheduled Tribe families to cross

the poverty line and (2) to provide basic amenities and facilities in theirareas. The size of the Tribal Sub Plan should be in proportion toScheduled Tribe population to the State’s total population. As far asTamil Nadu is concerned, the flow to Tribal Sub Plan should be not lessthan 1.03% of the State Plan outlay.

The objective of the Tribal Sub Plan is to assist the Tribal familiesin improving their socio - economic and educational status. EconomicDevelopment Programmes in the fields of horticulture, animalhusbandry, soil-conservation, minor irrigation, sericulture, smallindustries, bee-keeping etc. and area oriented development programmes

like provision of drinking water, formation of roads, electrification,providing education and health facilities, improving forestry,communication, co-operation, social services etc. are taken up. Theexpenditure incurred for implementing the Tribal Sub Plan including theSpecial Central Assistance has increased steadily from Rs. 94 lakhs in1976-77 to Rs. 17.55 crores in 2000-2001. The basic data on Tribals isgiven in Statement-I.




Tribal Sub Plan - Physical Targets

Sl.No.

Sectors / Schemes Unit Target

1. Horticulture Tribal Families 21,000

2. Sericulture Tribal Families 9,000

3. Animal Husbandry Tribal Families 9,000

4. Khadi and Village Industries Board Tribal Families 4,000

5. Swarna Jayanthi Gram Swarozgar Yojana Tribal Families 18,000

6. Welfare of STs Tribal Families 6,0007. Soil Conservation Tribal Families 6,000

Total 73,000

The programmes are briefly described below. They areimplemented out of the funds provided for different sectors in the StatePlan.

Horticulture

In the Tribal areas, development of horticulture plays a vital role in

improving the economy of the tribals. The economic condition of the tribalswill be improved by increasing the productive level through distribution of

Flow of fun ds from State Plan for Tribal Sub Plan (Rs. in crores)

Sl.No.

Sector Outlay

1. Horticulture 14

2. Soil Conservation 73. Animal Husbandry 15

4. Village Industries 8

5. Sericulture 15

6. Minor Irrigation 4

7. Forestry 17

8. Cooperation 20

9. Roads 70

10. Housing 8

11. Manpower and Empowerment 8

12. Education 40

13. Supply of uniforms 4

14. Non Formal and Adult Education 215. Social Welfare 1

16. Basic amenities : Electrification and Drinking water 20

17. Community Development 2

18. Health 20

19. Dispersed Tribes 25

20. Primitive Tribes 25

21. Housing under IAY 25

22. Schemes under Swarna Jayanthi Gram SwarozgarYojana

9

23. Nutrition 8

24. Welfare of STs 45Total 412




horticultural inputs like improved seedlings, fertilizers, pesticides coupledwith extension services and raising demonstration plots. During the TenthPlan, it will cover 21,000 families at a cost of Rs. 14 crores.

Soil Conservation

To protect the top soil from erosion and to increase the productivelevels of the lands owned by the tribals, soil conservation measures viz.,contour bunding, stone walls construction, bench terracing, land levellingand farm forestry will be carried out free of cost. In addition, check dams,percolation ponds etc., will be constructed. These programmes providelivelihood security to tribal people by generating employment opportunities.During the Tenth Plan, an amount of Rs. 7 crores will be provided to cover5,500 hectares benefiting 6,000 Scheduled Tribes.

Animal Husbandry

The main objective of the programme under this sector is toaugment the incomes of the tribals particularly the landless and the smallfarmers thereby enabling the target group to cross the poverty line. Thisprogramme will also make the tribals consume the surplus dairy products,meat etc. so as to raise their nutritional standards. The main activity underthis sector is distribution of animals and birds at subsidised cost andprovision of health cover by opening and maintaining veterinarydispensaries and sub centres. The local breeds are upgraded to increasethe productivity. During the Tenth Plan, it is programmed to assist 9,000Scheduled Tribe families, besides maintaining the infrastructure already

created, at a cost of Rs. 15 crores.

Village Industries

In order to diversify the activities of tribal population from the totaldependency on horticulture and collection of minor forest produce, beekeeping has been introduced among the tribals. Each family is givenbeehives at a cost of Rs. 8300/-. Besides, fruit processing units andtraining cum production units are also maintained to create employmentopportunities for the benefit of tribals. During the Tenth Plan, 4,000 tribalswill be covered. A sum of Rs. 8 crores will be provided.

Sericulture

Sericulture continues to be a popular, profitable and employmentgenerating scheme for the tribals. Such beneficiary oriented programmesare being implemented in 9 hills under ITDP areas. During the Tenth Plan,9,000 Scheduled Tribe families will be covered at a cost of Rs. 15 crores.

Minor Irrigation

The crops in tribal areas are cultivated in the cultivable lands thatare in steep slopes and they are unable to retain water sufficiently for

longer periods for the growth of the crops. To provide assured irrigationfacilities to the lands held by the Scheduled Tribes, Minor Irrigation




programme will be continued during the Tenth Plan and 800 hectares ofland held by Tribals would be covered at a cost of Rs. 4 crores.

Forestry

Tribals are at the centre of the forest eco system and their economydirectly depends upon the forest resources. In order to create tree/vegetation based assets in tribal and forest lands and to generatesustained benefits to tribals, income generating activities will be taken upduring the Tenth plan. Under this head, supply of seedlings, soilconservation measures, formation of small link roads, drinking water,construction of school buildings etc. are being implemented. Supply ofsaplings free of cost to the tribals is undertaken. During the Tenth planperiod, a sum of Rs. 17 crores will be provided.

Co-operation

To prevent the exploitation of tribals by money lenders and traders,19 Large size Multi-Purpose Co-operative Societies (LAMPS) have beenorganised and these societies are permitted to issue short term, mediumterm and jewel loans free of cost. During the Tenth Plan, the LAMPS willprovide loan to the extent of Rs. 27.50 crores under Institutional Finance.The LAMPS will supply agricultural inputs and essential commodities atreasonable prices. The societies will also procure minor forest collectionsfrom the tribals and offer reasonable prices to them. In order to dischargethese functions effectively, the share capital base of the LAMPS will bestrengthened and LAMPS will continue to get the support of the

Government in the form of subsidy, interest, risk fund etc. A sum ofRs. 20 crores will be provided for this purpose.

Roads

One of the main objectives of the sub plan is to provideinfrastructural facilities to these tribal areas, so that the pace ofdevelopment could be accelerated. Creation of proper road networkenables the tribals to have easy access for procuring their essentials andalso to market their produce profitably. This road net work will also pavethe way for the improvement of basic amenities like health facilities,schooling etc. Hence an amount of Rs. 70 crores will be provided forforming new roads and completing the spill over works.

Housing

Construction of pucca houses for tribals has been taken up underTSP. It is programmed to provide housing facilities to Scheduled Tribefamilies at a cost of Rs. 8 crores during the Tenth plan.

Manpower and Employment

Six vocational guidance centres are functioning to provide guidance

in the matter of higher education and training for appearing in variouscompetitive examinations. These centres will be maintained during the




Tenth Plan also. The mini ITI at Sankarapuram in Villupuram will also becontinued. For providing training in trades like wireman, motor mechanic,etc., 10 industrial training institutes will be established. A sum of Rs. 8crores will be provided for the maintenance of these centres.

Education

As education holds the key for the development of any community,priority is given to education to bring about improvement in the social andeconomic status of the scheduled tribes. At present, there are 247 GTRschools and 26 hostels catering to the needs of nearly 32,000 scheduledtribe children. The Education department, Forest Department andvoluntary organisations are also running schools in the tribal areas. Inthese schools and hostels the children are provided boarding and lodgingfree of cost. These schools and hostels will be maintained during the TenthPlan. Besides 50 new residential schools will also be opened and 150

GTR Schools will be provided with pucca buildings. A sum of Rs. 40 croreswill be provided for the educational development of Scheduled tribes.

Educational concessions: Supply of uniforms, books, slates, scholarships,incentives etc.

Free supply of books and writing materials has made an impact onthe enrolment of the tribal children in schools. Further, in both residentialand non-residential schools, scholarships are awarded to all the STstudents for Higher Secondary, Arts, Science, Commerce and Professionalcourses. Free Education up to post- graduate level, free supply of study

materials, free boarding and lodging and incentive schemes providingfinancial assistance to the rank holders have made an impact on theenrolment and retention of the tribal students in the schools. Hence, anoutlay of Rs. 4 crores will be provided to the tribal children during the TenthPlan.

Non-formal and Adult Education

Non-formal education centres established earlier will be maintainedduring the Tenth Plan to eliminate illiteracy among the tribals. An outlay ofRs. 2 crores will be provided for this scheme.

Social Welfare

There are four training cum production centres functioning for thebenefit of tribals. These centres will be revamped. The duration of thetraining period will be reduced from one year to six months. The rate ofstipend will be raised to make the centres more effective. For this purpose,a sum of Rs.1 crore is provided.

Basic amenities

The infrastructural facilities and basic amenities such as housing,

water, road and communication and electricity are still inadequate for thetribals. At the end of March 2001, there are 339 villages without drinking




water, 1003 habitations without electricity, 680 villages without roads andmany habitations are not having other basic infrastructural facilities. Hencethe following facilities will be provided during the Tenth Plan period: (1)drinking water, (2) street lights, (3) link roads, (4) nutrition centres, (5)primary schools, (6) fair price shops and (7) one hut one light. An outlay ofRs. 20 crores will be provided during Tenth Plan, out of which an amountof Rs. 10 crores will be for electrification and Rs. 10 crores for drinkingwater. The concerned departments will provide the remaining facilities.

Community Development

Under this head, radio sets and colour T.V. sets will be provided totribal habitations at a cost of Rs. 2 crores.

Health

Government has laid emphasis on providing health care and medicalfacilities within the easy reach of the tribal habitations. For improving thehealth coverage to the tribals, 5 Government Dispensaries, 14 PrimaryHealth Centres, 7 Siddha Dispensaries, 1 Mobile Medical Unit, 76 HealthSub Centres are being maintained at present. These centres will becontinued during the Tenth Plan and new sub centres will be opened. Anamount of Rs. 20 crores will be provided for the maintenance of thesecentres.

Dispersed Tribes

In Tamil Nadu, about 2.59 lakh tribals are dispersed tribes. They are

poor, illiterate and unskilled. For the welfare and development of thedispersed tribes, special schemes like construction of houses, distributionof ponies, milch animals, provision of health cover, supply of sheep units,etc., are being implemented. During the Tenth Plan, a sum of Rs. 25 croreswill be provided.

Primitive Tribes

The Government of India have approved six tribes as PrimitiveTribes in Tamil Nadu. The population of these tribes is 1.58 lakhs. Duringthe Tenth Plan, family oriented schemes like distribution of animal and

birds, beehives, opening of vocational guidance centres, construction ofhouses, setting up pre-schools for the children etc., will be implemented ata cost of Rs. 25 crores.

Nutrition

Nutritious Noon Meal Scheme covers all the Scheduled Tribechildren. For this scheme, a sum of Rs. 8 crores will be provided.

Welfare of Scheduled Tribes

For the Welfare of Scheduled Tribes, the existing schemes will be

continued. New schemes such as art and culture, construction of storagepoints, fixing of minimum purchase price for minor forest products,




establishment of Data Centre, State level employment exchange, openingof show room at Chennai for selling the tribal art and artifacts, opening offlour mills for processing of paddy and other food grains in tribal areas,EDP to 2000 Tribal women will also be implemented during the Tenth Plan.For the implementation of these schemes a sum of Rs. 45 crores will beprovided.

Statement - IBasic Data on Tribal Sub-plan

1991 Census(in lakhs)

I. Population

1. Total State Population 558.59

2. Total Tribal Population of State 5.74

3. Tribal Population in 9 Integrated TribalDevelopment Programmes

2.07

4. Percentage of the State Tribal population toTotal State Population

1.03

5. Percentage of Integrated Tribal DevelopmentProgramme Tribal Population to total

0.37

6. Percentage of Integrated Tribal DevelopmentProgramme Tribal Population to Total TribalPopulation

36.06

II. Level of Literacy

1. Percentage of literate to total Population 63.72

2. Percentage of literate among Tribal Population 27.89

III. Integrated Tribal Development Programmeareas

1. Total number of Integrated Tribal DevelopmentProgramme areas

9

2. Districts covered by Integrated TribalDevelopment Programme

7

IV. Tribal Sub Plan Areas

1. Salem DistrictYercaud,KalrayanHills, Aranuthumalai &Pachamalai

2. Namakkal District Kolli hills

3. Vellore District Elagiri hills

4. Villupuram District Kalrayan hills

5. Thiruchirappalli District Pachamalai

6. Dharmapuri District Sitteri hills

7. Tiruvannamalai District Jawadhu hills




II . Welfare of Backw ard Classes, Most Backw ard Classes and

Minori t ies

Tamil Nadu has been in the forefront in protecting the interests of

the socially and economically disadvantaged groups of BCs, MBCs andDNCs and has been implementing various welfare programmes for theireducational, economic and social advancement and integration with thesociety. Keeping the principle of social equality, earlier plans had aimed atbringing these underprivileged sections into the main stream of society byimproving their education, economic and social status and this will becontinued in Tenth Plan. Concrete steps have been taken to amelioratethe poor living conditions of these classes of people and to ensure thatadequate protection is provided through reservation of posts inGovernment services and for admission in educational institutions at alllevels.

The State Minorities Commission has been constituted to advise theGovernment on various measures necessary to safeguard the interests ofreligious and linguistic minorities. The Tamilnadu Backward ClassesCommission has been constituted as per the direction of Supreme Court ofIndia to examine and to make recommendations on the request relating toinclusion and exclusion from the list of BCs / MBCs and to periodicallyrevise the list of BCs, MBCs in the State.

Earlier, in 1982 the Tamil Nadu Backward Classes EconomicDevelopment Corporation Ltd., (TABCEDO) was formed and the mainobjective of this Corporation is to promote economic development of

BCs , MBCs and DNCs by providing loans for economically and financiallyviable schemes, trades or projects for individual groups or societies.

Review of Ninth Five Year Plan

In order to ensure the educational advancement, socialemancipation and economic upliftment of Backward Classes, MostBackward Classes, Denotified Communities and Minorities, variousinitiatives were undertaken during the Ninth Plan and several programmesformulated and implemented in the field of education, economicdevelopment and housing activities.

(a) Finan cial

An outlay of Rs. 225 crores was provided for the Ninth Five YearPlan (1997-02) and the anticipated expenditure incurred during the periodis Rs.236.94 crores. The Department wise Ninth Plan outlay andanticipated expenditure are given below.




Education

As education is an important tool for overall development, majoramount has been spent towards the educational advancement of thesecommunities during the Ninth Plan. Out of 265 Kallar Reclamation Schools

with a student strength of 5,071 functioning in Government ownedbuildings, drinking water facilities in 62 schools, electrification in 72 schoolsand toilet facilities in 72 schools have so far been provided. Computereducation has been introduced in 8 schools out of the total 15 KallarReclamation Higher Secondary Schools. Apart from regular educationalconcessions, some new schemes were introduced during the Ninth Plan.Free education scheme for degree courses has been extended to MBCand DNC students studying in polytechnic diploma course, specialincentive scheme to MBCs / DNCs girl students was introduced since1999-2000 to reduce drop-outs among rural girl students studying instandards from III to VI, for award of scholarships, the income limit

has been enhanced from Rs. 25,000 to Rs. 50,000 p.a. from 2000-2001For encouraging meritorious MBCs / DNCs students who secure highestmarks at the State level in the +2 examination, 500 boys and 500 girls areawarded incentives at the rate of Rs.1500/- p.a. to pursue higher studies fora maximum period of 5 years or till the completion of Degree courseswhichever is less. Additional improvements like upgradation of KR schools,construction of additional class rooms, laboratories, supply of furniture,laboratory equipments were taken up during the period.

At the end of Ninth Plan, there were 972 hostels for BCs / MBCsand DNCs which together could accommodate 52,751 inmates. Out of

972 hostels, 202 hostels are housed in Government buildings and theremaining 770 hostels are functioning in rented buildings. Construction ofhostel buildings and opening of new hostels were taken up in a phasedmanner. During 2001-02 for the first time construction of 14 hostels hasbeen taken up under CSS on 50:50 basis. Basic amenities / facilities suchas water supply, electricity, sanitation facilities, gas connections, wetgrinders, colour TV sets for college hostels, play materials and librarieswere provided in a phased manner.

Hostels for BCs, MBCs and DNCs Sl.No. Details ofhostels

Collegehostels

Schoolhostels

ITIhostels

Total No.of hostels

1. BackwardClasses

59 478 - 537

2. Most BackwardClasses

17 284 2 303

3. DenotifiedCommunities

7 122 3 132

Total 83 884 5 972

Hostellers are provided free accommodation and food (at

approved rates). Boarding grants at Rs. 150/- per month (for 10 months)are provided to boarders belonging to BCs/ MBCs/ DNCs to stay in 39




private hostels. The rate of food charges has been enhanced fromRs. 180/- to Rs. 300/- per month per boarder. Similarly boarding chargesfor college hostels has been increased from Rs. 193/- to Rs. 400/- permonth per boarder.

Economic Development

On the economic development front, the Job Oriented Trainingschemes implemented were modified and more number of result-orientedtraining programmes viz. Heavy vehicle Driver training, Computer training,Textile Designing etc. were introduced in order to enable the BCs/ MBCs/DNCs students to acquire skills in specific courses / trades and therebysettle in self-employment.

Housing

Free house site pattas were distributed to families in rural areasliving below poverty line and belonging to BCs, MBCs and DNCcommunities and the same scheme was extended to the poor houselessfamilies belonging to forward communities from the first year of Ninth FiveYear Plan. During 2001-02, importance was laid towards provision ofbasic amenities like street lights, drinking water and drainage facilities inthe layouts already formed.

Tenth Fiv e Year Plan

The welfare and development of Backward Classes, Most BackwardClasses and Denotified Communities including Minorities in the Tenth Plan

will be by continuation of the existing policy and within this framework,focus will be laid on identifying and selecting the most needy among theneedy. The existing ongoing schemes will be continued and new schemeswill also be introduced for enlarging the welfare activities as well as formeeting the specific needs of the relatively disadvantaged section amongstthese classes of people. The welfare programmes implemented forBackward Classes, Most Backward Classes and Denotified Communitiesare classified as Education, Economic Development and Housing and otheractivities.

The objectives and strategies for the Tenth Five Year Plan are as

follows:

Education

The objectives include improvement in the general literacy levels ofBackward Classes, Most Backward Classes and Denotified Communities,improvement in the female literacy level, increasing the enrolment rate ofthe children at the primary and at all levels, reduction in dropout andrepetition rates, improvement in the pass percentage in X and XIIstandards, improvement in the performance of candidates in competitiveexaminations and improvement in the functioning of Kallar reclamation

schools.




The above objectives will be achieved by widening the scope ofeducational schemes to benefit more number of persons with a view toeliminating socio-economic backwardness, recasting educational facilitiesto the advantage of minorities and women, strengthening of institutional setup with fullfledged facilities to schools and hostels, motivating students forstudying technical courses, qualitative improvement in the living conditionsof the hostellers and steps for effective and efficient functioning of theKallar Reclamation schools.


The main objective is to improve the socio-economic status ofBackward Classes, Most Backward Classes and Denotified Communities.

The focus will be on imparting training in new and result orientedareas, imparting training in reputed institutions so as to enable the students

of these groups to compete with others in the job market and secure bettermanagement, provision of facilities to improve means of livelihood andsupply of tools and machines to enable them to undertake their traditionaloccupation, revamping and widening the scope and activities of the TamilNadu Backward Classes and Economic Development Corporation andutilising the Job Oriented Training (JOT) scheme conducted by NGOsunder Government of India assistance and increasing the number of JOTschemes through better channelisation to train more persons in varioustrades.

Housing and other activities

The objective is towards providing housing assistance to all the poorand downtrodden to fulfil the housing needs of these communities, toextend distribution of housesite pattas to the houseless poor in rural areas.Infrastructural facilities will be provided in layouts already formed by theDepartment.

Financia l Out lay for Tenth Plan

The total outlay for Backward classes, Most Backward Classes andDenotified Communities for Tenth Plan is Rs. 682 crores comprising Rs.565.97 crores for Education, Rs. 20 crores for Economic Development and

Rs. 96.03 crores for Housing and other schemes. The majorprogrammewise details are given below:




Financial Outlay for Tenth Plan

(Rs. in crores)

Sl.No.

Department Education EconomicDevelopment

Housingand otheractivities

Total

1. Backward Classes and Minorities Welfare

(a) Ongoingschemes

144.26 10.00 40.00 194.26

(b) New Schemes 145.79 7.00 5.28 158.07

Total : 290.05 17.00 45.28 352.33

2. Most Backward Classes

(a) Ongoingschemes

107.76 2.50 50.00 160.26

(b) New Schemes 131.88 0.50 0.75 133.13Total 239.64 3.00 50.75 293.39

3. Denotified Communities

(a) Ongoingschemes

15.17 - - 15.17

(b) New Schemes 21.11 - - 21.11

Total 36.28 - - 36.28

Total 1+2+3 565.97 20.00 96.03 682.00

Ongoing p rogrammes/ Schemes

The ongoing programmes will be mainly maintenance of schools andhostels, grant of scholarships, awards to bright students, free supply ofuniforms and text books, free education for degree course, diploma courseand polytechnics, incentives to girl students studying in Std., III to IV,

incentives to meritorious students, special training institute for coachingcandidates to appear for civil services examinations, supply of sewingmachines to poor families, job oriented training programmes, distribution ofhouse site pattas and provision of infrastructural facilities in the layoutsalready formed. An amount of Rs. 369.69 crores will be provided for theimplementation of the above schemes.

New schemes

The total allocation for new schemes will be Rs. 312.31 croreswhich may be considered under 3 heads viz., i) education, ii) economic

development and iii) housing activities.




Educat ion

Emphasis will be given for the educational advancement of BCs,MBCs and Denotified Communities and substantial allocation will be

considered for the implementation of educational programmes to benefitmore number of persons. For new schemes on education the outlayconsists of Rs. 145.79 crores for BCs and Minorities, Rs. 131.88 crores forMBCs and Rs. 21.11 crores for Denotified Communities. Major portion isallocated for award of prematric and postmatric scholarships, enhancementof postmatric scholarship rates proportionate to enhanced tuition fees rates,construction of hostel buildings, compound walls, additional class rooms inKR schools and construction of mini hostel blocks within school premises toencourage students to stay within the schools and provision of funds toHeadmasters to meet the feeding charges of the students. In order toreduce dropouts, sanction of incentives to students studying in XI, XII Stds.in KR schools will be considered. The other schemes include renovationand maintenance of buildings of KR schools, strengthening theinfrastructural facilities and manpower, providing basic amenities in KRschools and hostels and honorarium to school teachers for conductingcoaching classes for hostel students.


The functioning of the existing Job Oriented Training programme willbe evaluated and based on the evaluation study, necessary steps will betaken to upgrade the technical and entrepreneur skills. The other schemesinclude starting of special coaching centre each in 5 districts under thecontrol of Universities for coaching BCs/ MBCs and DNCs candidates toappear for competitive examinations and starting of one centre ofexcellence for coaching BC/ MBC/ DNC and SC/ ST candidates to

Educat ion

•

Scholarships, free education and incentive programmes• Construction of hostel buildings, drinking water, electrification and

toilet facilities in all the remaining Kallar Reclamation Schools

• Out of the total 972 hostels, 770 hostels function in private rentedbuildings. Construction of 100 hostel buildings will be taken upevery year mobilising all resources and also utilising Governmentof India assistance.


• Job Oriented Training Programmes

• Micro credit to one lakh women each year engaged in pettytrade through TABCEDCO




appear for Entrance Examinations to get admission in professionalcourses. An amount of Rs. 7.50 crores will be provided for implementingthe above schemes.

Housing and other schemes

The ongoing schemes for housing activities will be continued. For

other new schemes, the allocation will be Rs. 6.03 crores consisting of theactivities of strengthening the Directorate, conducting evaluation studiesthrough private agencies for evaluating the impact of implementation of theschemes for BC/ MBC/ DNCs and maintenance of Wakf Board properties.

Total Out lay

The total outlay provided for the Tenth Plan for the "Welfare ofScheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Classes" will beRs. 1,882 crores. The Departmentwise outlays are as follows:

(Rs. in crores)Department Ongoing New Total

Welfare of SC and ST 929.17 270.83 1200.00

Welfare of BCs, MBCs and DNCs 369.69 312.31 682.00

Total 1298.86 583.14 1882.00

Hous ing

• Provision of infrastructural facilities like streets,street lights, drainage and water supply in theacquired house sites




Tenth Five Year Plan 2002-2007

Welfare Of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes And Other Backward Classes

Abstract

(Rs. in crores)

Sl.No.

Name of the DepartmentOngoingSchemes

NewSchemes

Total

1. Adi-Dravidar Welfare 841.27 202.89 1044.16

2. Tribal Welfare 87.89 67.95 155.84

Total : ADW and Tribal 929.17 270.83 1200.00

3. Backward classes and Minorities 194.26 158.07 352.33

4. Most Backward Classes andDenotified Communities

175.43 154.24 329.67

Total : BC, MBC and DNC 369.69 312.31 682.00

Grand Total : SC, ST and OBC 1298.86 583.14 1882.00




Statemen t - I


Welfare Of Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes

Financial And Physical

Scheduled Castes(Rs. in crores)

Sl.No.

Name of the Scheme OutlayPhysical( Nos.)

State Sector Outlay

A. Ongoing Schemes

I. Education

1 Provision of lab equipment to Adi Dravidar Welfare HighSchools 13.19

64 HSS

Construction of ADW School building - Major works, purchaseof lab equipments

300classrooms

2 Hostel Buildings 172.11

Hostels salary and Feeding charges 24.99

Construction of Hostel for SCs. 411 hostels

Hostel Construction 137.50

Compound Wall 4.12

Land Acquisition 5.50

3 Coaching of SC/ST students studying in Typewriting andShorthand under SCP

0.18 3000 students

4 Loans to SCs/ STs for pursuing professional and Degreecourses

24.75 37482

5 Loans to SCC to Christianity for pursuing professional courses 0.55 students

6 Special Industrial Training Institute for SCs/STs 1.29 1 centre

7 Free Education to students of SC/ST/SCC to Christianitystudying in B.A, B.Sc., and B.Com., courses.

4.83 88000students

8 Adhoc merit grant for SC/ST students including HigherSecondary students

3.51 117000students

9 Special incentive scheme to promote literacy among SC girlsstudying in Std. III-V

26.50 265000students

10 Special incentive scheme to promote literacy among SC girlsstudying in Std. VI


11 Chief Ministers’ merit award to Adi Dravidar students forpursuing college studies

4.50 10000students

12 Provision of Jeeps to Special Tahsildars 2.35 55 Nos.

13 Opening of PG Hostel 2.13 6 hostels

14 Upgrading of Adi Dravidar welfare middle school into highschool

52.26 128 HS

15. Abroad scholarship to SC/ST students for higher studies 1.65 50 students16. Supply of free bicycles to all girls belonging to SC/ST/SCCstudying in Std 11

th and 12

thin the Government/Aided Higher

Secondary Schools

35.00 90000bicycle

17. Free education to the girl students of SC, ST and SC convertsstudying in PG courses

4.00

Total - Education 375.30

II. Economic Development

18 Agriculture 0.83 165 SCs

19 Milk supply societies 4.48 10000 SCs

20 Assistance to technically trained persons & petty trades 0.63

Total - Economic Development 5.94




Sl.No.

Name of the Scheme OutlayPhysical( Nos.)

21 Drinking Water 1.93 500 habitations

22 Provision of pathways and burial grounds 12.94

Grants in aid 0.34Minor works 2.53

Lands 10.07

23 Construction of community halls 1.10 20 halls

24 House sites of landless rural workers including Adi Dravidars

100.00 1.00 lakhpattas

25 Construction of Dhobikanas 0.01

26 Assistance for the construction of houses under rural housingschemes

1.86 1550houses

27 Scheme for the construction of houses for Adi Dravidars asconcrete houses.

215.00 6000houses

28 Dr. Baba Sahib Ambedkar birthday centenary celebrations 0.10 30 districts

29 House sites for Adi Dravidars from the Tamil Nadu specialwelfare fund under Tamil Nadu Raffle Scheme

11.00

30 Dr. Ambedkar award for persons promoting welfare of SCs 0.25

31 Share capital assistance of THADCO 20.17

Total - Health, Housing and Other Schemes 364.36

IV Special Component Plan

32 Strengthening of Educational wing of Adi Dravidar and TribalWelfare department under SCP

0.15

33 Setting up of coaching cum guidance centre for ScheduleCaste under SCP

8.25 3 centres

34 Extension officers (ADW) to implement the programme 23.25

35 School Education under SCP 5.47 107 schoolsTotal - Special Component Plan 37.12

Total (A) Ongoing schemes 782.72

B. New Schemes

I. Education

1. Captive Teacher Training Programmes for SCs/STs 0.60 6000 students

2. Strengthening the monitoring mechanism through localparticipation

0.30

3. Acquisition of land for schools 5.00 29 schools

4. Provision of Lab and Lab Equipments 12.30 82 schools

5. Extension of computer education to High School 2.45

6 Promotion of private management schools for the benefit of

SCs/STs

0.50

7 Promotion of Private Sector participation in the hostelmanagement

5.00

8 Assistance to the students staying in hostels run by PrivateInstitutions/Colleges/Universities

4.00 2000 students

9 a. Hostel / Building – Room furniture 23.15 107 schools

b. Building improvement

10 Free Education to students of SC/ST/SCC studyingprofessional courses (Subject to the removal of income limitand number of children in family)

0.75

11 Coaching to SC/ST students to join IIT 0.04

12 New Hostels for ITI students 0.60

Total – Education 54.69




Sl.No.

Name of the Scheme OutlayPhysical

( Nos.)


13 Special Economic Development Programme 10.00 6000 Nos.,

14 Skill Building 6.00 1.50 lakhs

15 Venture Capital Funding 5.00 100 units

16 Vocational Training 25.00 50000 youth

17 Talent search training programme for job placements inprivate sector

5.00 500 Nos.,

18 Organisational Development of TAHDCO 0.75


III. Housing

19 Special self sufficiency programme 60.00

20 Hut light programme 13.45 1 lakh huts

21 Housing for Adi Dravidars engaged in unclean occupation

(2000 houses at Rs. 60,000 each)

23.00

Total - Housing 96.45

Total B - New schemes 202.89

State share of Centrally Sponsored Schemes

1 Construction of buildings for boys and girls hostels 38.11

2 Machinery for the enforcement of protection of civil rights act1955

0.73

3 Educational concessions 11.11

Prematric unclean occupation 9.35

Book Bank 1.76

4 Coaching to SC/ST candidates for Tamil Nadu professional

courses entrance examinations

0.50

5 Assistance to the people of SC/ST community affected byriots

8.10

Total - State Share of CSS 58.55

Total State sector outlay A+B+C : SCs 1044.16

Centrally sponsored schemes shared between State andCentre (Full Cost Shown)

1 Construction of buildings for boys and girls hostels 76.23

2 Machinery for the enforcement of protection of Civil Rights Act1955

1.45

3 Educational concessions 22.22

4 Coaching to SC/ST candidates for Tamil Nadu professional

courses entrance examination

1.00

5 Assistance to the people of SC/ST community affected byriots

16.20

Total - CSS ( Full Cost Shown) 117.10

Centrally sponsored schemesGovernment of India 100%

1 Educational concession to SCs/STs Government of India 171.32

2 Upgrading of merit of SCs students 0.24

3 Special welfare schemes for SCs in the Integrated RuralDevelopment Programme blocks.

300.00

Total - CSS 100% 471.56




Scheduled Tribes

(Rs. in crores)

Sl.No.


( Nos.)

State Sector Outlay

A. Ongoing Schemes

I. Education

1. Schools 11.00 40 buildings

2. Residential schools 10.00 30 GTR schools

3. Houses for Teachers 0.91 60 houses

4. Loans to students for pursuing professional, postgraduates courses and degree courses

0.02

5. Opening of government hostel for ST students 4.65 75 hostels

Total : Education 26.58


6. Agriculture 0.13 10000

7. Assistance to technically trained persons 0.11 1700

8. Assistance to petty traders 1100

9. Training cum production centre 0.16


III. Tribal Area Sub Plan

10. Minor Irrigation Scheme 1.65 40 works

11. Tamil Nadu Tribal Development Authority 1.00

12. Electrification Scheme 5.50

13. Water Supply Scheme 5.50

14. Tribal Research and Development 0.63

15. Development of Primitive Tribes 17.84 4000

16. Development of Dispersed Tribes 4.13 4000

17. Provision of houses to Tribes under Integrated RuralDevelopment Programme

1.42

18. Formation of roads in Tribal areas 0.80 300habitations

19. Drinking water wells 1.10 300 habitations

20. Development of individual Entrepreneur Scheme 8.25

21. Assistance to NGVO 0.49

Total - Tribal Area Sub Plan 48.31

Hill Area Development Programme 8.75

Total - A . Ongoing schemes 84.04B. New Schemes

I. Education

1. Art and culture 5.25

2. Construction of building for boys and girls hostel 56.65

3. Award of Research fellowship 1.00



4. Storage point 1.00

5. Minimum purchase price 0.10

6. Data Centre 0.10




(Rs. in crores)

Sl.No.

Name of the SchemeOutlay for2002-07

Physical( Nos.)

7. State level Empoloyment Exchange 0.20

8. Show room at Chennai 0.20

9. Opening of Flour Mills 0.20

10. EDP to 2000 Tribal women 0.02


III. Housing

11. Construction of Houses 3.23

Total – Housing 3.23

Total - B. New Schemes 67.95

C. State share of CSS

1. Construction of buildings for Government Girls' Hostels (Edn.) 2.00

2. Establishment of Tribal Research Institute (TSP) 1.03

3. Setting up of Museum in Tribal Research Centre,Uthagamandalam (TSP)

0.82

Total - State share of CSS 3.85

Total State Sector Outlay A+B +C :STs 155.84

Centrally Sponsored Schemes shared between State andCentre

1. Construction of building for Government Girls' Hostels 4.00

2. Establishment of Tribal Research Institute 2.06

3. Setting up of Museum in the Tribal Research Centre,Uthagamandalam

1.65

Total - CSS (Full cost shown ) 7.71Centrally Sponsored Schemes 100%

1. Government of India Restrictive scholarship to ST students 0.22

2. Upgrading of merit of ST students 0.01

3. Opening of Vocational Training Institute 1.48

Total - CSS 100% 1.71




Statement-II


Welfare Of Backward Classes, Most Backward Classes And Denotified Communities

Financial And Physical

Backward Classes

(Rs. in crores)Sl.No.


( Nos.)

A. State Sector Outlay

I. Education

1. Pre-matric scholarships 12.21 875440

2. Post-matric scholarship 18.33 267410

3. Free Education (Degree Course) 45.79 294250

4. Free Education (Polytechnic) 8.26 59390

5. General Awards 0.26 1310 awards6. Thanthai Periyar Award 0.52 1160 awards

7. Peraringar Anna Award 0.77 2275 awards

8. Boarding Grants 0.76 3600 grants

9. Maintenance of existing hostels (including uniforms) 57.36 537 hostels



10. JOT schemes (Govt. of India scheme) 10.00 12500


III. Housing and other schemes

11. House sites to BCs 35.00 114000

12. House sites to FCs / infrastructure 5.00 16250 pattas

Total - Housing and other schemes 40.00

Total - A. Ongoing schemes 194.26

B. New Schemes

I. Education

1. Govt. of India Prematric Scholarships scheme basedon merit

15.00 50000students

2. Govt. of India Postmatric Scholarships scheme basedon merit

15.00 50000students

3. Enhancement of postmatric scholarship ratesproportionate to enhanced tuitition fees rates etc.


4. Enhancement of B&L charges to students staying inhostels attached to educational institutions coveredunder postmatric scholarships

2.00 52500students

5. Sanction of stipends to BC students studying in ITIs toencourage technical studies (Rs. 200×2000×10)

2.00 10000students

6. Construction of additional buildings to BC hostels toprovide accommodation to students living incongestion (Rs. 10.00 lakh × 10)

3.00 30 additionalbuildings

7. Provision of water facilities to BC hostels located inGovt. buildings (Rs. 1.00 lakh × 20 × 5)

1.00 100 hostels

8. Construction of toilet blocks to BC hostels withoutadequate toilet facilities (Rs. 4.00 lakhs × 5 × 5)

1.00 25 hostels

9. Special repairs to Govt. BCs hostels without adequate

toilet facilities (Rs. 4.00 lakhs × 10 Nos. pa)

1.50 50 hostels

10. Renovation and maintenance of toilet blocks in BC 0.75 75 hostels




(Rs. in crores)

Sl.No.


( Nos.)

hostels (Rs. 1.00 lakh × 15)

11. Periodic white washing of BC hostels located in Govt.

buildings (Rs. 5000×

100)

0.25 95 hostels

12. Construction of compound walls to Govt. BC hostelbuildings (Rs. 4.00 lakhs × 15)

3.00 75 hostels

13. Supply of LPG to BC hostels to avoid usage offirewood (Rs. 45000 × 50)

0.95 210 LPGconnection

14. Honorarium to school teachers for conductingcoaching classes to hostel students (BCs)(Rs. 300 × 10 × 537)

0.80 537 hostels

15. Construction of hostel buildings for BC hostels now inrented buildings (Rs. 32.00 lakhs × 40) (+5%)

70.75 200 buildings

16. Appointment of part-time scavengers to BCs hostelswithout regular scavenger for cleaning of toilets (Rs.250 × 10 × 250)

0.30 250 hostels

17. Construction of mini hostel blocks within schoolbuildings to encourage students to stay within theschool and provision of funds to HMS for feedingstudents (To avoid opening of new hostels) (Rs. 3.00lakhs × 25)

3.00 100 hostelbuildings

18. Special schemes for students staying in Hill Areas inGovt. BCs hostels to avoid drop outs (Rs. 250 ×10 × 50 × 13)

0.90 13 hostels

19. Supply of wet grinders to BCs hostels (Rs. 8000 × 50)

0.24 250 wetgrinders

20. Enhancement of toilet charges to hostellers from Rs.10 p.m. to Rs. 20 p.m. (27800 ×10 × 10)

1.40 27800students

21. Enhancement of food charges rates to hostels

students with reference to escalation in cost during 5year period

2.80 27800

students

22. Supply of steel almirahs to hostels (Rs. 5000 × 50) 0.15 250 hostelsTotal – Education 145.79


23. Centre of excellence for coaching candidates from BC/ MBC / DNC / SC / ST communities coaching forentrance examinations for various competitiveexaminations and Professional courses

5.50 One centre

24. Supply of sewing machines to BCs, MBCs and DNCs 1.50Total – Economic Development 7.00

III. Housing and Other Schemes

25. Provision of telephone connection to DBC and MWOsin the Districts (25 districts) 0.28 25 Telephoneconnection

26. Provision of WAKF Board schemes 5.00 MaintenanceTotal - Housing and other schemes 5.28

B. New Schemes 158.07

Total - State Sector Outlay A+B : BCs 352.33




Most Backward Classes

(Rs. in crores)

Sl.No.

Name of the Scheme Outlay Physical(Nos.)

A. State Sector OutlayOngoing schemes

I. Education

1. Pre-matric Scholarships 7.93 568990 students

2. Post-matric Scholarships 3.04 44565 students

3. Free Education (Degree Courses) 44.20 283450 students

4. Free Education (Polytechnic) 5.15 37345 students

5. Hostels (including uniforms) 32.03 303 hostels

6. Boarding Grants 0.41 1500 grants

7. Incentives to Girl Children 15.00 150000 girls



8. JOT schemes (Govt. of India scheme) 2.50 2000 trainees

Total : Economic Development 2.50III. Housing and other schemes

9. House sites (L.A.scheme / infrastructure) 50.00 163000 pattasTotal - Housing and other schemes 50.00

Total - A. Ongoing schemes 160.26

B. New Schemes

I. Education

1. Govt. of India Prematric scholarships scheme basedon merit

15.00 50000 students

2. Govt. of India postmatric scholarships schemesbased on merit

15.00 30000 students

3. Enhancement of postmatric scholarship rates

proportionate to enhanced tuition fees rates etc.

10.00 150000 students

4. Enhancement of B&L charges to students staying inhostels attached to educational institutions coveredunder postmatric scholarships

1.00 25000 students

5. Sanction of stipends to MBC/DNC students studyingin ITIs to encourage technical studies (Rs. 200 × 1000 × 10)

1.00 5000 students

6. Construction of additional buildings to MBC / DNChostels to provide accommodation to students livingin congestion (Rs. 10.00 lakh × 10)

3.00 30 buildings

7. Provision of water facilities to MBC/ DNC hotelslocated in Govt. buildings (Rs. 1.00 lakh × 20)

1.00 100 buildings

8. Construction of toilet blocks to MBC / DNC hostels

without adequate toilet facilities (Rs. 4.00 lakh × 5)

1.00 25 hostels

9. Special repairs to Government MBC / DNC hostelbuildings and renovation

1.25 50 hostels

10. Renovation and maintenance of toilet blocks in MBC/ DNC hostels (Rs. 1.00 lakh × 10)

0.50 50 hostels

11. Periodic white washing of MBC / DNC hostelslocated in Govt. buildings (Rs. 4700 × 107)

0.25 107 buildings

12. Construction of compound walls to Govt. MBC /DNC hostel buildings (Rs. 4.00 lakh ×15)

3.00 75 hostels

13. Supply of LPG to MBC / DNC hostels to avoidusage of firewood (Rs. 45000 × 1307)

0.59 130 LPGconnection

14. Honorarium to school teachers for conductingcoaching classes to hostel students (MBCs/DNCs)

(Rs. 300 × 10 × 435)

0.65 435 hostels




(Rs. in crores)

Sl.No.


15. Construction of hostel buildings for MBC / DNChostels now run in rented buildings (Rs. 32.00 lakhs×

40) (+5)

70.75 200 buildings

16. Appointment of part-time scavengers to MBC / DNChostels without regular scavenger for cleaning oftoilets (Rs. 250 × 10 × 250)

0.30 250 hostels

17. Construction of mini hostel blocks within schoolbuildings to encourage students to stay within theschool and provision of funds to HMS for feedingstudents (to avoid opening of new hostels) (Rs. 3.00lakhs × 25)

3.00 100 minihostels

18. Special schemes for students staying in Hill Areas inGovt. MBC / DNC hostels to avoid dropouts (Rs.250 × 10 × 50 × 2)

0.15 2 hostels

19. Sensitisation programme for MBC / DNC hostels

staff including warden / matrons, cook / watchmen /scavengers for educating them for properlymaintaining the hostels and for proper feeding ofstudents (Rs. 20,000 × 30 districts)

0.30

20. Supply of wet grinders to MBC / DNC hostels (Rs.8000 × 50)

0.24 250 wetgrinders

21. Enhancement of toilet charges to hostellers fromRs. 10 p.m. to Rs. 20 p.m. (24700 × 10 × 10)

1.25 24700 students

22. Enhancement of food charges rates to hostelstudents with reference to escalation in cost during5 year period

2.50 24700 students

23. Supply of steel almirahs to hostels (Rs. 5000 × 50) 0.15 250 almirahsTotal : Education 131.88

II. Economic Development24. Starting of special coaching centers in 5 district

centers under the control of universities forcoaching MBC / DNC / BCs candidates tocompetitive exam (5 ×Rs. 2.00 lakh)

0.50 5 centres

Total : Economic Development 0.50

III. Housing and other schemes

25. Provision of funds for conducting evaluation studiesthrough private agencies for evaluating the impactof implementation of schemes for MBCs / DNCs /BCs

0.35 Evaluation

26. Strengthening of Directorate with adequate facilitiesfor conducting meetings / conferences with officials

0.24 Directorate

27. Purchase of one jeep for the Directorate for theimplementation of scheme

0.06 1 jeep

28. Merger of BCs / MBCs / DNCs Directorate into oneDirectorate for effective administration and toeconomise expenditure

0.05 Directorateimprovement

29. Provision of residential phone connection to PA / AO in the Directorate

0.05 2 Telephones

Total - Housing and other schemes 0.75

Total - B.New Schemes 133.13

Total - State Sector Outlay A+B :MBCs 293.39




Denotified Communities

(Rs. in crores)

Sl.No.


A. State Sector OutlayOngoing Schemes

I. Education

1. Pre-matric scholarships 1.56 109360 students

2. Post-matric scholarships 1.26 17830 students

3. Hostels (including uniforms) 2.57 132 hostels

4. Schools (including uniforms) 9.78 265 schools

Total-Education 15.17

II. Economic Development Included Under MBCs

III. Housing and other schemes Included Under MBCs

Total – A. Ongoing Schemes 15.17

B. New Schemes

I. Education1. Enhancement of postmatric scholarships rates

proportionate to enhanced tuition fees rates etc.2.50 30000 students

2. Enhancement of B&L charges to students stayingin hostels attached to educational institutionscovered under postmatric scholarships

0.50 15000 students

3. Construction of compound walls to KallarReclamation schools (Rs. 4.00 lakhs × 5 schools)

1.00 25 schools

4. Construction of library buildings for Hr.Sec. Schools/ high schools and supply of books and magazinesfor the use of students and teachers (Rs. 5.00 +1.00 lakhs) × 6

1.80 30 schools

5. Special repairs and maintenance of KR schoolbuildings

1.50 50 schools

6. Construction of big size toilet blocks to KR Hr.Sec.schools / High schools with large student’s strength

(Rs. 5.00 lakh × 5)

0.75 15 toilets

7. Improving water facilities in KR schools (Rs. 2.00lakhs × 5)

0.58 25 schools

8. Maintenance of water sources and water distributionlines in school / laboratory buildings

0.25 100 schools

9. Provision of Public Announcement System to all KRHr.sec./High Schools (Rs. 10000 x 30)

0.03 30 schools

10. Supply of typewriters / roneo machines to KRHr.Sec. / High Schools

0.15 38 schools

11. Provision of telephone connections to KR Hr.Sec. /High schools

0.11 30 schools

12. Sanction of one jeep to E.O.(KR) for effectivesupervision of schools

0.06 1 jeep

13. Upgradation of posts of KR school supervisors fromSecondary Grade to BT Grade for effectivesupervision of KR schools (Rs. 1000 × 12 × 6)

0.05 6 posts

14. Sanction of 2 DEO posts for effective administrationof KR schools (Rs. 15000 × 12 × 2)

0.05 2 posts

15. Sanction of cash incentives to students studying inX, XI and XII standards in KR schools to avoiddropouts

6.25 25000students

16. Enhancement of provisions for conducting

excursions for KR school students

0.25 265 schools




(Rs. in crores)

Sl.No.


17. Supply of play materials to students in KR schools

to improve sports activity (Rs. 25000×

40)

0.50 265 schools

18. Upgradation of secondary grade teachers postsworking in VI to VIII classes to B.T. grade forimproving standards in KR Middle Schools(Rs. 1000 × 12 × 4 × 29 schools)

0.74 29 schools

19. Supply of laboratory equipments to KR schools 0.25 38 schools

20. Construction of additional class room to KR schools

(Rs. 4.00 lakh × 10)

2.00 50 schools

21. Electrification of KR schools (Rs. 30,000 × x 50) 0.33 110 schools

22. Distribution of prizes to top rankers to KR schoolsand also distribution of common awards to KRschools students

0.25 38 schools

23. Provision of Basic amenities and minimum security

facilities to Govt. Kallar Hr.Sec.schools atCheckkanurani, Rajadhani and Vilampatti forconducting X / XII Govt. Public examinations as perthe norms of Education Department / Govt.Examination Department

0.75 3 centres

24. Supply of bicycles to girl students studying in XI andXII standard in KR schools

0.41 1950 bicycles

25. Sanction of entrance fees to 200 students of KRschools for appearing for Professional CollegeEntrance Examination (Rs. 500 × 200)

0.05 1000students

Total I - Education 21.11

II. Economic Development Included Under MBCs

III. Housing and Other Schemes Included Under MBCs

Total – B . New Schemes 21.11

Total - State Sector Outlay A+B : DNCs 36.28

Welfare of BCs, MBCs and DNCs – CSS 50:50 NIL

CSS 100% NIL

welfare of scheduled castes, scheduled tribes and other backward classes

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