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WELCOMEWelcome to the Firefighters’ Heritage Trail, I hope that you will enjoy following the markers and will find this guide to be a useful companion as you travel around the sites.
Since 2010, I have been leading a small group who have worked hard to ensure that our unique fire history is never forgotten; this has been achieved by working closely with veterans, communities and other partners to ensure that the details behind each of the firefighters’ sacrifices was fully researched and accurately recorded.
Glasgow has a distinguished and dramatic firefighting history. Over the years, as a major port and industrial and commercial centre, the City has seen devastating and tragic fires.
Some of those fires claimed the lives of firefighters who had fought gallantly to contain the destruction. To honour Glasgow’s fallen firefighters, The Firefighters’ Heritage Trail has been created to tell the stories of some of the people and places that have played an important part in the history of firefighting in Glasgow.
12 memorial plaques have been set into the pavement to mark the sites where firefighters lost their lives. In addition, we have identified several further sites of special interest relating to the history of the fire service in Glasgow. More information on the ‘extended’ trail can be found by visiting The Firefighters’ Heritage Trail website at www.fireheritagetrail.org.
Assistant Chief Officer Lewis RamsayChair, The Firefighters’ Heritage Committee
Queens CourtSATURDAY 14TH JANUARY 1832
A disastrous and destructive fire took place here in the 24 properties comprising Queens Court. During the extensive operations Fireman James Bruce of the Glasgow Fire Brigade was killed whilst firefighting.
Fireman James Bruce died when he fell from the head of a ladder at what was described as “one of the most destructive fires that has occurred in Glasgow for a very long period of time.”
The owner of the affected property offered the firefighters £5 (a large sum at the time) if they would retrieve his safe from the ruins.This was done, but the men agreed that the widow of Fireman Bruce be given the reward money.
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The main Glasgow Fire Brigade station at this time was on Bell Street in the city’s Candleriggs area, where there were three candleworks.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATIONwww.fireheritagetrail.org
Like all firemen in Glasgow at that time, Fireman Bruce would have been a volunteer, who turned out when required, from home.
He wasn’t attached to Bell Street Fire Station as such, but was on the list of firemen who were summoned by the sound of a drum.
‘Glasgow Firemen’ by W. McGurk
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Royal Exchange SquareFRIDAY 5TH DECEMBER 1856
A disastrous and destructive fire took place at numerous properties at the above location. Fireman John Harrison of the Glasgow Fire Brigade died as a result of injuries received whilst firefighting.
Fireman Harrison served at the Central Fire Engine Station, College Street which had opened five years previously in 1851.
In 1856, the city of Glasgow was expanding with various trades and the steady influx of people from the Highlands and Ireland.
At that time, it was quite an involved procedure for firefighters to attend a fire.
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To sound the alarm, a team of drummers had specific routes to travel to which included the houses of where the firefighters lived. The houses had a sign indicating a fireman lived there.
Fire pumps were then taken from various sites and hand pushed to the fire.
Volunteers from the public were collected to assist pumping the levers, receiving a brass token to redeem the following day.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATIONwww.fireheritagetrail.org
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Standard refreshment for all walks of life at that time was beer or small beer (watered beer) issued at fires to slake the thirst. The chant would invariably be heard “more beer, more beer!”, as the fire progressed and their pumping efforts were further required!
Firemaster James Bryson, 1855
Renfield StreetFRIDAY 7TH JANUARY 1898
A disastrous fire and explosion occurred at the premises of W. & R. Hatrick’s Chemical Works, where four firemen of the Glasgow Fire Brigade were killed.
Fireman James Hastie & Fireman John Battersby resided at the Central Fire Station, College Street. Fireman David Smith and Fireman Charles Orr resided at the North Fire Station on St. George’s Road.
The bodies of the firemen were removed from the scene of the fire and delivered back to their homes, which was the practice at the time.
The Brigade was held in high regard by the public (as they protected factories and therefore jobs) hence the popular toast of the time “Success to the Glasgow Fire Brigade”.
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At this time, the firemen of College Street had a new comrade - Wallace ‘The Fire Dog’. ‘Adopted’ by Glasgow Fire Brigade in 1894 after he followed a horse-drawn fire engine taking part in a Lifeboat demonstration, Wallace made his home at the Central Fire Station and ran with the firemen to many fires until his death in 1902.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATIONwww.fireheritagetrail.org
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Hunter StreetTHURSDAY 24TH NOVEMBER 1904
At the North British Railway Company, an explosion occurred resulting in the death from injuries of Fireman William Rae of the Glasgow Fire Brigade.
By the early 1900s, the Glasgow Fire Brigade had started to become motorised. Glasgow’s street fire alarm system (since 1875) was the first in Britain.
Fireman Rae served at the new Central Fire Station at Ingram Street which opened in
1900, replacing the College Street Fire Station.
Central Fire Station comprised a fire station, drill yard, workshops, gymnasium, admin office and rent free accommodation including the Firemaster’s house, single men’s billets and houses for families - all with laundry facilities and hot water for one shilling a week. There were even playground facilities for children of the station.
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FOR FURTHER INFORMATIONwww.fireheritagetrail.org
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Miller StREET/Argyle StREETSATURDAY 2ND JULY 1921
As a result of a disastrous and destructive fire during which the collapse of the property of Bowman’s store occurred, Fireman Frederick True and Fireman James Farquharson of the Glasgow Fire Brigade were killed whilst firefighting.
Firemen Farquharson and True served at the Western District Fire Station at Cranston Street in the Finnieston area of Glasgow.
A plaque presented by colleagues from Greenock commemorates their memory at Yorkhill Fire Station, which replaced the ‘West’ station in 1970.
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As Glasgow advanced into the 20th Century, new technology was creating more employment.
However, new forms of entertainment presented problems for Glasgow’s firemen as celluloid films used at this time were highly flammable, Memorial plaque at Yorkhill
FOR FURTHER INFORMATIONwww.fireheritagetrail.org
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and combined with the heat from the cinema projectors, could burst into flame at any time.
The worst example of this was the Glen Cinema Disaster - a fire in a cinema in Paisley on 31st December 1929 which killed 71 children and injured 40.
Graham SqUARE GallowgateSATURDAY 24TH DECEMBER 1927
As a result of a disastrous and destructive fire which occurred in a warehouse, four firemen from the Central Fire Station of the Glasgow Fire Brigade were killed whilst firefighting.
Firemaster William Waddell
The heroic firemen who lost their lives were: Fireman James Conn (49), Fireman Morrison Dunbar (23), Fireman Harry W. McKellar (31) and Fireman David Jeffrey (24)all belonging to the Central Fire Station.
The Glasgow Herald reported “Some of the [neighbouring] tenants were absent at the time of the outbreak, and on return – carrying with them, in numerous instances, their parcels got in the course of Christmas shopping – were surprised and alarmed when informed that it was unsafe to enter their houses.”
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The Bulletin newspaper reported that “Brother firemen worked night and day in the ruins of the warehouse in the search for the bodies of their comrades who perished in the flames”. All four bodies were recovered on 27th December, three days after the fire.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATIONwww.fireheritagetrail.org
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Searching for bodies after the fire
Prince’s DockFRIDAY 2ND DECEMBER 1960
Whilst engaged in firefighting on board the M.V. Pagensand, Station Officer Douglas Mearnsof the Glasgow Fire Servicedied in the ship’s hold.
Station Officer Mearns lost his life and 11 firemen and a docker were overcome by fumes and taken to hospital during attempts to put out a fire in the hold of a German cargo ship carrying matches, wood pulp and paper at Prince’s Dock, Govan.
By the 1950’s, the River Clyde was one of the busiest shipbuilding centres in the world, and Glasgow Fire Service had formed a Marine Division, based at Yorkhill Quay, to protect the many ships and cargo in the Clydeside yards.
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FOR FURTHER INFORMATIONwww.fireheritagetrail.org
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Station Officer Mearns had been in charge of the St. Mungo fireboat. Together with a detachment of firemen wearing breathing equipment, he had gone into the hold of the Pagensand to deal with a fire. Almost immediately there were cries for help.
Dockers boarded the ship to helpfiremen rescue their comrades fromthe sulphurous fumes, but tragically, Mearns could not be revived.
Cumberland PlaceWEDNESDAY 15TH NOVEMBER 1967
Whilst attempting the rescue of four children from a dwelling house fire, Station Officer William Clark of the Glasgow Fire Service and the four children died during the rescue attempt.
An overturned paraffin heater caused a fire in a council house in Hutchesontown in Glasgow’s Gorbals. Four children under six years of age perished. Station Officer William Clark, aged 47, of the Southern Division Fire Station, collapsed and died while attempting to rescue the children.
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Witnesses described the ferocity of the blaze. Mr. Archie Higgins, who lived in a neighbouring flat said “I heard the children screaming and rushed next door with some other people. We managed to force the door, but flames came leaping out and we were driven back.”
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Robert Conlan, a labourer, was in Cumberland Place on his way home from work when he saw the fire and climbed a ladder in an attempt to get in by an upstairs window.
“I smashed the window with my fist and stuck my head in” he said. “Then the flames burst up and singed my hair and eyebrows. I had to move back. There was nothing else I could do.”
Aftermath of the fire at Cumberland Place
FOR FURTHER INFORMATIONwww.fireheritagetrail.org
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Hope StreetMONDAY 3RD NOVEMBER 1969
During an extensive and difficult fire in the sub basement of Scottish Television Studios at the Theatre Royal, Sub Officer Archibald McLayof the Glasgow Fire Service was killed during firefighting operations.
Sub Officer McLay of the South Fire Station died and ten colleagues needed hospital treatment before this very difficult fire was brought under control.
Fire crews were called at 16:12hrs to the Theatre Royal, which served at the time as the headquarters for Scottish Television. Smoke had been seen issuing from the sub-basement, a warren of TV production rooms.
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Teams of firemen searching for the seat of the fire had to work in total darkness in a smoke-filled atmosphere, exposed to intense heat.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATIONwww.fireheritagetrail.org
Hi-Ex Foam smothered the fire
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A key feature of the firefighting operation at the STV Studios was the use of a relatively new innovation - Hi-Ex Foam - to smother the fire.
At this time, Glasgow Fire Service was also experimenting with on-route print outs for fire engines, supplying essential information to the fire engines as they proceeded to fires.
Firemen inspect an on-route print out
Deanston DriveSATURDAY 20TH MARCH 1971
Whilst engaged in fighting a serious house fire, Station Officer James Mathieson of the Glasgow Fire Brigade died whilst engaged in firefighting.
Station Officer James Mathieson, aged 49, collapsed and died when fighting a fire in Shawlands. He had been called to 141 Deanston Drive with his colleagues from Pollok fire station. Mathieson was engaged in fighting a fire in a top floor flat when the strenuous conditions caused him to collapse. Firemen with oxygen equipment attempted to revive him, but he was dead before the ambulance arrived.
The blaze completely destroyed the flat and badly damaged the roof of the building. Seven families were temporarily evacuated from their homes.
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The Glasgow Fire Service of the early 1970s remained busy in an ever changing city. New equipment, current with the advances in technology of the time, was being introduced.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATIONwww.fireheritagetrail.org
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New buildings and developments in Glasgow required fire engines to suit, and advances were being made in that direction with the introduction of Glasgow’s own invention, the ‘Scoosher’ - a lightweight appliance with a mechanism that could be worked by a single operator.
The ‘Scoosher’
Kilbirnie StreetFRIDAY 25TH AUGUST 1972
Whilst engaged in fighting a serious fire in a warehouse, a firefighter of the Glasgow Fire Service became trapped. Six of his colleagues entered the property to rescue him.
Whilst evacuating the property after successfully rescuing the trapped firefighter, a massive flashover of extreme heat overtook them resulting in the deaths of all seven firefighters.
The men who lost their lives were: Divisional Officer Andrew P. Quinn, Leading Fireman Alastair Crofts, Fireman William McL. Hooper, Fireman Duncan A. McMillan, Fireman Allan Finlay, Fireman Iain R. Bermingham, and Fireman James W. Rook. The latter four were all serving at the South Fire Station .
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The people of Glasgow were shocked by this, the second major fire service tragedy in 12 years. As had happened following the Cheapside Street Disaster in 1960, a huge crowd lined the streets as hearses bore the bodies of the Kilbirnie Street victims to Glasgow Cathedral for the funeral service. The bodies of six of the seven firemen were then taken to the Necropolis where they were interred in the vault under the Cheapside Street memorial.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATIONwww.fireheritagetrail.org
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Maryhill RoadSATURDAY 18TH NOVEMBER 1972
Whilst rescuing members of the public during an intense and difficult fire involving properties at Maryhill Road and Great Western Road, Sub Officer Adrian McGill died after giving his oxygen set to a member of the public who was trapped and awaiting rescue.
This tragedy for the Glasgow Fire Service came less than three months after the loss of seven firefighters in August at Kilbirnie Street.
Crews were called to a fire in a disused wallpaper shop in Maryhill Road. As the firemen worked hard to save flats above the shop, the fire found a way through to a row of tenements in Great Western Road via a single storey connection. Due to a building defect of about 100 years before, there was no fire wall.
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FOR FURTHER INFORMATIONwww.fireheritagetrail.org
Firemen rescued 15 people by ladders and over 200 people were led through smoke to safety or evacuated from adjacent premises.
Sub Officer McGill sacrificed his life trying to save a resident who was trapped in her top floor flat on Maryhill Road. He succumbed to the effects of smoke inhalation after he got the resident to use his breathing apparatus.
Firefighters rescued the resident by ladder, but she died soon after.
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Sub Officer Adrian McGill
The explosion caused the walls of the warehouse to collapse simultaneously into Cheapside Street and Warroch Street. It was the largest number of Fire Service deaths in the peacetime history of the British Fire Service.
There was international shock at the deaths of so many brave Firemen and Salvagemen.
CHEAPSIDE STREET*MONDAY 28TH MARCH 1960
Whilst engaged in a protracted and very serious fire in a whisky storage warehouse, a sudden and massive explosion occurred resulting in the instantaneous deaths of fourteen Firefighters of the Glasgow Fire Service and five members of the Glasgow Salvage Corps.
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FOR FURTHER INFORMATIONwww.fireheritagetrail.org
Those who lost their lives were: Sub Officer James Calder, Sub Officer John McPherson, Firemen John Allan, Christopher Boyle, Gordon Chapman, William Crocket, Archibald Darroch, Daniel Davidson, Alfred Dickinson, Alexander Grassie, George McIntyre, Edward McMillan, Ian McMillan and William Watson, Supt. Salvageman Edward Murray, Leading Salvageman James McLellan, Salvagemen Gordon McMillan, James Mungall and William Oliver.
At what was almost a state funeral, with representatives from all of the Fire Brigades in Britain, thousands of citizens lined the streets leading to Glasgow Cathedral as the long funeral cortege slowly passed.
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* The memorial plaque is situated on the Clydeside walkway near the Kingston Bridge.
QUEENS COURT (1832)
ROYAL EXCHANGE SQUARE (1856)
RENFIELD STREET (1898)
HUNTER STREET (1904)
MILLER STREET/ARGYLE STREET (1921)
GRAHAM SQUARE GALLOWGATE (1927)
PRINCE’S DOCK (1960)
CUMBERLAND PLACE (1967)
HOPE STREET (1969)
DEANSTON DRIVE (1971)
KILBIRNIE STREET (1972)
MARYHILL ROAD (1972)
CHEAPSIDE STREET
TEMPLETON STREET
WATSON STREET
GRAFTON’S, ARGYLE STREET
JAMES WATT STREET
GROVEPARK STREET
CITIZEN FIREFIGHTER
THE GLASGOW NECROPOLIS
CENTRAL FIRE STATION
OLD MARYHILL / NORTHWEST FIRE STATIONS
NORTH FIRE STATION
OLD SPRINGBURN FIRE STATION
SOUTH FIRE STATION
QUEEN’S PARK FIRE STATION
OLD GOVAN FIRE STATION
OLD PARTICK FIRE STATION
COWCADDENS FIRE STATION
MARYHILL FIRE STATION
YORKHILL FIRE STATION
SPRINGBURN FIRE STATION
GOVAN FIRE STATION
POLMADIE FIRE STATION
CALTON FIRE STATION
GLASGOW CENTRAL RAILWAY STATION
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ST
SAUCHIEHALL ST
CATHEDRAL ST
CAST
LE S
T
ALEXANDRA PARADE
DUKE STHIGH ST
ABERC
ROM
BY S
T
B
ELLG
ROVE
ST
GREENDYK E ST
MA
IN S
T
SHAWFIELD DR
CATH
CART
RD
NORFOLK ST
CLYDE ST
SALT
MARK
ET
INGRAM ST
DU
MB
RECK
RD
NITHSDALE RD
MAXWELL DR
DARNLEY RD
HAG
GS RD
ARGYLE ST
POLMADIE RD
GLASGOW RD
BALLATER ST
KING’S DRIVE
JAMES ST
ALLISON ST
DEANSTON DR
LANGSIDE AVE
CALDER ST
POLLOKSHAW
S RD
QUEEN’S DR
AIKENH
EAD
RD
CRAI
GH
ALL R
D
GALLOWGATE
ARGYLE ST
TRONGATE
ARGYLE ST
CLYDESIDE EXPY
LANCEFIELD QUAY
FIN
NIE
STO
N S
T
ARGYLE ST
OLD DUMBARTON RD
BATH STBERKELEY ST
ST VINCENT ST
KELV
IN W
AY
PAISLEY RD
KILBIRNIE ST
J. WAT
T ST
BROOMIELAW
CALEDONIA RD
ORK
NEY
ST GOVAN RD
EDMISTON DRPAISLEY RD W
BRO
OM
LOAN
RD
MAR
YHIL
L RD
ST GEO
RGE’S RD
GROVEPARK S T
GARSCUBE RD
WOODLANDS RD
SAUCHIEHALL ST
GREAT WESTERN RD
BYRES RD
HIGHBURGH RD
UNIVERSITY AVE
VICT
ORI
A R
D
DUMBARTON RD
BEITH ST
GEORGE ST
WIS
HART ST
PACIFIC DRBELL ST
BARR
ACK ST
M8 M8
M8
M8
M77
M74
M74
M74
EGLI
NTO
N S
T
B
RID
GE
ST
LONDON RD
REN
FIEL
D S
T
HO
PE S
T
CHEA
PSID
E ST
25
26
12
5
3
4
6
7
9
8
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
18
19
17
20
21
22 2324
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
MEMORIAL PLAQUES
SITES OF SPECIAL INTEREST
OLD FIRE STATION BUILDINGS
COMMUNITY FIRE STATIONS