Welcome to the World

There are five fields of learning in social studies. We learn about the world and its people by studying geography, history, economics, government, and culture.

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Unit 1Unit 1

A Mongolian yurt, complete with a satellite television dish.

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Welcome to the World

The World at Your FingertipsSECTION 1

Many Regions, Many CulturesSECTION 2

Section 1

The World at Your FingertipsSocial studies includes information from five fields of learning to provide a well-rounded picture of the world and its peoples.

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The Peoples of the World

Getting Along with Each Other• Knowledge of other societies is the key to

understanding them• Knowledge of other cultures increases with:

- advances in communication (the Internet)- advances in transportation (high-speed aircraft)- international trade- immigration

The World at Your Fingertips1SECTION

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Five Fields of Learning• Social studies teaches about the world; it draws on:

- geography- history- economics- government- culture

Learning About the World

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1SECTION

History• History is a record of the past; the past shapes

the present

History and Geography

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The Five Themes of Geography• Geography is the study of people, places, and

the environment• The study of geography focuses on five themes:

- location- region- place- movement- human-environment interaction

How Countries Govern• Every country has laws—rules that govern behavior• Every country has ways to govern itself• Government makes and enforces laws

Government

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Limited and Unlimited Governments• Limited—everyone obeys laws, including rulers• Unlimited—rulers have absolute authority over

everyone, everything

Continued . . .

Citizenship• Citizen—a legal member of a country with rights

and duties• Two ways to achieve citizenship:

- born in country - naturalization

continued Government

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1SECTION

The Study of Resources• Economics—the study of how people manage

resources• Scarcity—conflict between unlimited desires and

limited resources

Economics

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Resources• Economists identify three types of resources:

- natural: gifts of nature- human: production skills- capital: goods and services produced

Map

Command and Market Economies• Command—government decides prices and

what and how much to produce • Market—companies use consumers to determine

prices and production

Kinds of Economies

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Levels of Development• Countries with high levels of economic

development have:- education, health, employment, services, technology

• Countries with low levels of economic development have:- poor services, low employment, low literacy, low life expectancy

Ways of Living• Culture—shared beliefs, customs, laws, art, ways

of living• Culture traits—those specific things people share

Culture

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1SECTION

Section 2

Many Regions, Many CulturesThe world can be divided into regions according to culture.

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2SECTION

Different Places, Different Cultures

Regions of Culture• Culture region—geographic area in which

people share common:- beliefs- history- language- religion- technology- work- food- clothing- shelter

Many Regions, Many Cultures

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Continued . . .

2SECTION

The World’s Culture Regions• The world has seven culture regions:

- U.S. and Canada- Latin America- Europe and former U.S.S.R- North Africa and Southwest Asia- Africa south of the Sahara- South Asia- East Asia, Australia, and the Pacific Islands

continued Different Places, Different Cultures

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Interactive

Continued . . .

2SECTION

Culture Regions Change• Culture regions change as they borrow traits from

one another• Interdependence—culture regions depend on one

another economically• Events in one culture region affect other culture

regions• Advances in technology, communication have

increased interdependence

continued Different Places, Different Cultures

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