SURVEY OF PHONESSURVEY OF PHONES

► Mudit AgrawalMudit Agrawal

In 1876, at the age of 29, In 1876, at the age of 29, Alexander Graham Bell invented Alexander Graham Bell invented his telephone. In 1877, he formed his telephone. In 1877, he formed the Bell Telephone Companythe Bell Telephone Company

TELEPHONE

LANDLINE CELLULARS

GSM CDMA 3G

Triiiiing!!!!!!!!!! Triingg!!!Triiiiing!!!!!!!!!! Triingg!!!

► The telephone (from the Greek words tele (τηλέ) = The telephone (from the Greek words tele (τηλέ) = far and phone (φωνή) = voice) is a far and phone (φωνή) = voice) is a telecommunications device that is used to transmit telecommunications device that is used to transmit and receive sound (most commonly speech), and receive sound (most commonly speech), usually two people conversing but occasionally usually two people conversing but occasionally three or more. It is one of the most common three or more. It is one of the most common household appliances in the world today. Most household appliances in the world today. Most telephones operate through transmission of electric telephones operate through transmission of electric signals over a complex telephone network which signals over a complex telephone network which allows almost any phone user to communicate with allows almost any phone user to communicate with almost anyonealmost anyone

WORKINGWORKING► A traditional landline telephone system, also known as "plain A traditional landline telephone system, also known as "plain

old telephone service" (POTS), commonly handles both old telephone service" (POTS), commonly handles both signaling and audio information on the same twisted pair of signaling and audio information on the same twisted pair of insulated wires: the telephone line. Although originally insulated wires: the telephone line. Although originally designed for voice communication, the system has been designed for voice communication, the system has been adapted for data communication such as Telex, Fax and adapted for data communication such as Telex, Fax and Internet communication. The signaling equipment consists of Internet communication. The signaling equipment consists of a bell, beeper, light or other device to alert the user to a bell, beeper, light or other device to alert the user to incoming calls, and number buttons or a rotary dial to enter a incoming calls, and number buttons or a rotary dial to enter a telephone number for outgoing calls. A twisted pair line is telephone number for outgoing calls. A twisted pair line is preferred as it is more effective at rejecting electromagnetic preferred as it is more effective at rejecting electromagnetic interference (EMI) and crosstalk than an untwisted pair.interference (EMI) and crosstalk than an untwisted pair.

MERITSMERITS

►Cost is less than the cellularsCost is less than the cellulars►Better voice qualityBetter voice quality►Provides services like fax,internet,ITSProvides services like fax,internet,ITS►Used in security servicesUsed in security services

DEMERITSDEMERITS

►Can’t be used in emergency as it is a Can’t be used in emergency as it is a fixed linefixed line

►Global System for Mobile Global System for Mobile CommunicationCommunication

►During the early 1980s, analog cellular During the early 1980s, analog cellular telephone systems were experiencing telephone systems were experiencing rapid growth in Europe, particularly in rapid growth in Europe, particularly in United Kingdom, but also in France United Kingdom, but also in France and Germany. The Europeans realized and Germany. The Europeans realized this early on.this early on.

►GSM (Global System for Mobile GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) is an open, digital communications) is an open, digital cellular technology used for transmitting cellular technology used for transmitting mobile voice and data services. GSM mobile voice and data services. GSM differs from first generation wireless differs from first generation wireless systems in that it uses digital systems in that it uses digital technology and time division multiple technology and time division multiple access transmission methods. GSM access transmission methods. GSM satellite roaming has also extended satellite roaming has also extended service access to areas where terrestrial service access to areas where terrestrial coverage is not available. coverage is not available.

► Good subjective speech qualityGood subjective speech quality► Low terminal and low service costLow terminal and low service cost► Support for international roamingSupport for international roaming►Ability to support handheld terminalsAbility to support handheld terminals►Support for range of new services and Support for range of new services and

facilitiesfacilities►Spectral efficiencySpectral efficiency

Market Q4 2006 Q2 2007 Q4 2007 Q2 2008

World 2,190,084,047 2,432,990,168 2,709,900,985 2,925,454,308

Africa 195,832,145 232,061,178 273,079,330 306,485,511

Americas 218,384,266 255,639,490 302,471,377 338,342,270

Asia Pacific 825,958,067 949,496,716 1,082,653,571 1,219,674,193

Europe: Eastern 339,735,325 361,706,937 395,030,491 401,945,699

Europe: Western 390,738,824 390,666,845 389,712,986 370,819,907

Middle East 128,538,868 148,180,842 170,277,699 190,634,697

USA/Canada 90,896,552 95,238,160 96,720,693 97,552,031

►Code Division Multiple Access Code Division Multiple Access

►Feasible Feasible ► Internet connectionInternet connection►Easy availabilityEasy availability►CDMA schemesCDMA schemes►ServiceService

► A CDMA handset operates on an in-built A CDMA handset operates on an in-built hardware, which means that when the hardware, which means that when the customer abandons a particular service, customer abandons a particular service, which has been incorporated in the which has been incorporated in the hardware, he would also have to surrender hardware, he would also have to surrender the handset to the service provider or the handset to the service provider or abandon it. Or, if the hardware in the abandon it. Or, if the hardware in the handset gets damaged, the customer will handset gets damaged, the customer will have no other option but to let.have no other option but to let.

► Dual high-resolution color LCDsDual high-resolution color LCDs► QWERTY keyboard for easy messagingQWERTY keyboard for easy messaging► Dual speakers for stereo soundDual speakers for stereo sound► MP3 player with customizable equalizerMP3 player with customizable equalizer► Bluetooth for V card onlyBluetooth for V card only► Advanced Speaker-Independent Voice Recognition (English)Advanced Speaker-Independent Voice Recognition (English)► Full-duplex speakerphoneFull-duplex speakerphone► Voice commands: Call Someone,Digit Dial,Voicemail, Missed Calls, Voice commands: Call Someone,Digit Dial,Voicemail, Missed Calls,

Messages, Time & DateMessages, Time & Date► 72-chord polyphonic ringtone & MP3 ringtone support72-chord polyphonic ringtone & MP3 ringtone support► MMS Send and Receive messages with text, sounds, photos or videosMMS Send and Receive messages with text, sounds, photos or videos► 1.3 megapixel CMOS Camera with flash and business card reader1.3 megapixel CMOS Camera with flash and business card reader► LCD dual mode for self-portraitsLCD dual mode for self-portraits► Mini SD external memory port to store pictures, videos, sounds and Mini SD external memory port to store pictures, videos, sounds and

MP3MP3► Supports Reliance Mobile WorldSupports Reliance Mobile World► Internet Access through Reliance NetconnectInternet Access through Reliance Netconnect

►Third GenerationThird Generation

3G cellular technology will bring wireless 3G cellular technology will bring wireless broadband data services to your mobile phone. broadband data services to your mobile phone. Boasting speeds from 144Kbps (roughly three Boasting speeds from 144Kbps (roughly three

times faster than a 56K dial-up modem times faster than a 56K dial-up modem connection) to 2.4Mbps (close to cable-modem connection) to 2.4Mbps (close to cable-modem speed), 3G networks let you speed through Web speed), 3G networks let you speed through Web pages, enjoy streaming music video, watch on-pages, enjoy streaming music video, watch on-

demand video programming, download and play demand video programming, download and play 3D games, and videoconference with your fellow 3D games, and videoconference with your fellow

chatterers. While the interface is undoubtedly chatterers. While the interface is undoubtedly different on a cell phone, the experience of different on a cell phone, the experience of

surfing, downloading, and streaming stands to be surfing, downloading, and streaming stands to be very close to that of a broadband connection on a very close to that of a broadband connection on a

computer. computer.

Remember those telltale twisty Remember those telltale twisty antennas on the roofs of cars in the antennas on the roofs of cars in the

1980s? Those cool customers on their 1980s? Those cool customers on their car phones were using Advanced Mobile car phones were using Advanced Mobile

Phone Service, or AMPS.Phone Service, or AMPS.This first-generation analog network This first-generation analog network may have been cutting edge at the may have been cutting edge at the

time, but it soon became notorious for time, but it soon became notorious for its iffy call quality.its iffy call quality.

Even worse, anyone with a police radio Even worse, anyone with a police radio scanner can easily eavesdrop on AMPS scanner can easily eavesdrop on AMPS

calls, which travel through the air calls, which travel through the air without any scrambling or encryption.without any scrambling or encryption.

AMPS still is available today on AMPS still is available today on handsets from some phone vendors, but handsets from some phone vendors, but

it is largely fading as a technology. it is largely fading as a technology.

3G service can be defined as a 3G service can be defined as a network with reliable Internet network with reliable Internet speeds higher than 144 kilobits speeds higher than 144 kilobits per second (Kbps).per second (Kbps).

The 3G system used by AT&T The 3G system used by AT&T and T-Mobile, called and T-Mobile, called UMTS/HSDPA (Universal Mobile UMTS/HSDPA (Universal Mobile Telephone System with High Telephone System with High Speed Data Packet Access), lets Speed Data Packet Access), lets you make voice calls and surf you make voice calls and surf the Net at the same time. It also the Net at the same time. It also has better voice quality and has better voice quality and promises Internet speeds up to a promises Internet speeds up to a megabit, if you're data-happy.megabit, if you're data-happy.

► Rolling out the new networks was very expensive, and Rolling out the new networks was very expensive, and customers had to be sold on the services.customers had to be sold on the services.

► Furthermore, the move also involved technological Furthermore, the move also involved technological constraints. Carriers had to bridge the gap between constraints. Carriers had to bridge the gap between slow-as-molasses 2G service and zippy 3G with "2.5G" slow-as-molasses 2G service and zippy 3G with "2.5G" network enhancements.network enhancements.

► In operation a couple years now, 2.5G networks let you In operation a couple years now, 2.5G networks let you download ring tones, listen to short audio clips, send download ring tones, listen to short audio clips, send multimedia messages (MMS), or surf the Web, albeit multimedia messages (MMS), or surf the Web, albeit slowly.slowly.

► These services include GPRS, which is capable of These services include GPRS, which is capable of transmitting and receiving data at an average of about transmitting and receiving data at an average of about 30Kbps to 40Kbps, or a little slower than standard 56K 30Kbps to 40Kbps, or a little slower than standard 56K dial-up service and EDGE, another GSM enhancement dial-up service and EDGE, another GSM enhancement that manages about 90Kbps on an average day, or that manages about 90Kbps on an average day, or almost twice as fast as dial-up.almost twice as fast as dial-up.

Name:-Occupation:- Student Service Business OtherAnnual income:- 50000-1 lakh 1-1.5 lakh 1.5-2 lakh 2 lakh & aboveWhat do you have:- Mobile Landline BothIf mobile then which:- 3G CDMA GSMWhy you are using it:- Connectivity Cost Style TechnologyWhich plan or scheme:- Postpaid PrepaidMonthly expenditure:- 0 – 200 200 – 500 500 – 1000 Above 1000How long you are using it:- less then 6 months More then 6 monthsAre you satisfied with it:- Yes No Neutral

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Mobile L L Both

No of people

3%

70%27%

3G

GSM

CDMA

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Stu Serv Buss Oth

Connectivity

Cost

Style

Technology

No

of

peo

ple

Pre Post

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

►70% people are GSM user70% people are GSM user

►27% people uses CDMA27% people uses CDMA

►3% prefer 3G3% prefer 3G