welcome to 3 · properties of metallic solids: high electrical conductivity high thermal...
TRANSCRIPT
Welcome to 3.091 Lecture 13
October 9, 2009
Band Theory of Solids
properties of metallic solids:
high electrical conductivity high thermal conductivity luster ductility
what is it about their electronic structure???
Free-electron Gas Model
Paul Drüde (1900)
Sea of delocalized, mobile valence electrons
Cations in an ordered array
Image by ARTE on Wikipedia.
5
Zs. f. Phys., 44, 455-472 (1927)
Text removed due to copyright restrictions. Please see p. 462 from Heitler, W., and F. London. "Wechselwirkung neutraler Atome und homöopolare Bindung nach der Quantenmechanik." Zeitschrift für Physik A: Hadrons and Nuclei 44 (1927): 455-472.
© Springer. All rights reserved. This content is excluded from our Creative Commons license. For more information, see http://ocw.mit.edu/fairuse. Source: Fig. 1 in Heitler, W., and F. London. "Wechselwirkung neutraler Atome und homöopolare Bindung nach der Quantenmechanik." Zeitschrift für Physik A: Hadrons and Nuclei 44 (1927): 455-472.
antibonding
bonding
© Springer. All rights reserved. This content is excluded from our Creative Commons license. For more information, see http://ocw.mit.edu/fairuse.Source: Fig. 1 in Heitler, W., and F. London. "Wechselwirkung neutraler Atome und homöopolare Bindung nach der Quantenmechanik." Zeitschrift für Physik A: Hadrons and Nuclei 44 (1927): 455-472.
Figure 12.21
Averill, B., and P. Eldredge. Chemistry: Principles, Patterns, and Applications. Flat World Knowledge, 2011. ISBN: 9781453331224.
Be
Be
Courtesy of Daniel Nocera. Used with permission.
Image by MIT OpenCourseWare.
207.2327.46174911.342.337.416[Xe]4f145d106s2p2
Lead
12.0114492TP
3825SP
2.252.5511.260[He]2s2p2
Carbon
72.61938.2528335.352.017.899[Ar]3d104s2p2
Germanium
118.710231.9326027.281.967.344[Kr]4d105s2p2
Tin
82
Pb2,4
50
Sn2,4
28.0855141432652.331.908.151[Ne]3s2p2
Silicon
14
Si4
32
Ge4
6
C2, 4-
Eg = Eg (z) in group 14
5.4
1.1
0.72
0.08
0
(eV)
Insulator
Semiconductors
Metal
Image by MIT OpenCourseWare.
207.2327.46174911.342.337.416[Xe]4f145d106s2p2
Lead
12.0114492TP
3825SP
2.252.5511.260[He]2s2p2
Carbon
72.61938.2528335.352.017.899[Ar]3d104s2p2
Germanium
118.710231.9326027.281.967.344[Kr]4d105s2p2
Tin
82
Pb2,4
50
Sn2,4
28.0855141432652.331.908.151[Ne]3s2p2
Silicon
14
Si4
32
Ge4
6
C2, 4-
Eg = Eg (z) in group 14
5.4
1.1
Eg 0.72
0.08
0
as n
(eV)
Image by MIT OpenCourseWare.
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3.091SC Introduction to Solid State Chemistry Fall 2009
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