Wednesday, February 27th

Bell-Ringer: Please log-on to the class wiki and visit the Unit 3 Resources page. There you will find a

variety of review games and flash cards to work with. Take the first 15 minutes of class to review using these

sources.

Daily Agenda:

• Bell-Ringer: Vocabulary Review• Word of the Day jovial• Lecture: African and American Civilization• Review Quiz

Homework: REVIEW! (Islam, Asian Dynasties, Africa, the Americas, etc.)

Ancient Rome• Jovial – good-humored; cheerful; JOCULAR

• Jupiter was the chief deity of the Roman pantheon (all the gods of a particular mythology). The Romans believed that each of their gods possessed particular attributes of character. As the most powerful god, Jupiter was majestic and authoritative. However, he was also believed to be fun-loving and the source of joy and happiness. Since Jupiter was also known as Jove, the word JOVIAL came to refer to people who have a cheerful, jolly temperament.

•

• Today, Jovial still retains its meaning of good-humored, cheerful, and JOCULAR. While most people do not associate JOVIAL with Jupiter, they do associate the word with Santa Claus. Often referred to as “JOVIAL old St. Nicholas,” Santa Claus is usually presented as a jolly, good-humored man who brings presents to well behaved children.

“Read-Aloud“ Day 3, Period 1

Ancient Rome• Jovial – good-humored; cheerful; JOCULAR• Gustav Holst named this piece of music after Jupiter, the

god of JOVIALITY. After listening to a little bit of it, use synonyms of the word JOVIAL to describe the music.

“Synonyms“ Day 3, Period 2

Ancient Rome• Jovial – good-humored; cheerful; JOCULAR• Gustav Holst named this piece of music after Jupiter, the

god of JOVIALITY. After listening to a little bit of it, use synonyms of the word JOVIAL to describe the music.

“Synonyms“ Day 3, Period 2

Some words that can describe this music are:- Cheerful- Lighthearted- Energetic- Bright- Jolly

Ancient Rome• Jovial – good-humored; cheerful; JOCULAR• Write a new GEICO commercial, replacing the word

“happy” with JOVIAL.

“Caption” Day 3, Period 3

How JOVIAL are they? More JOVIAL than . . .

African and the Americas

A Thematic Analysis

Interaction with the Environment:

• Chinampas: Floating Gardens of the Aztec

• Terrace Farming: Andeas Mtns. Turned into farmland

• Limited Domestication: Dogs, turkeys (Meso)or Llamas, Alpacas (Andes)

• Lacked the wheel!(Americas)• Road construction, engineering,

and rope bridges (Inca)• Introduction of the Camel (West

Africa)• Bantu Migration caused by

environmental stress

Development of Culture:• Human Sacrifice made to appease gods (Americas)• Mesoamerican Ball Game (Pok ta Pok)• Temple construction, urban planning (Tenochtitlan)• Animism (Africa and Americas)• Spread of Islam (East and West Africa)• Significance of calendars and astronomy

(Mesoamerica)• Bantu Migration (Language/Iron)• Woodcarving and Masks (West Africa)• Olmec heads and Maya Stelae• Importance of Griots (Africa) and Quipu (Inca)• Axum – Christian, Written Language• Monumental Architecture in all regions!

Politics and Government:• Olmec, Maya, and Swahili City-

States (Not a unified empire)• Aztec Tribute System (Human

Sacrifices/commodities)• Incan Divine Rule and

Federation (National and Local Rule)

• Use of Quipu (Khipu)• Imperial rule in West Africa

(Ghana, Mali, Songhai)• Stateless societies in Southern

Africa (Great Zimbabwe)• Mansa Musa – Muslim king

who made Timbuktu a center for learning, trade (Hajj)

Trade and Economics:

• The Mit’a System (Inca) used for compulsory labor

• Slavery exists EVERYWHERE!• Major American Trade

Products: Jade, Obsidian, Cacao, Maize, animal skins (no Iron)

• Major African Trade Products: Gold (W. Africa), Salt (N. Africa), Exotics (E. Africa)

• Importance of Indian Ocean Trade and Trans-Saharan Trade in Africa

• Swahili Coast – city-states developed and essentially run by Arab merchants

Social Structures:• Kinship groups in Africa

expanded to extended families• Ayllus work the same basic way

in the Andes• Age-Sets became dominant

means of socialization in Africa• Some African societies

matrilineal• Defined gender roles in each

society (with women dominating agriculture, domestic life)

• General class system included: nobles, peasants and artisans, and slaves

Review Quiz

Please log-on to the class wiki and visit the daily assignments page. There, you will find a link to your review quiz. Please enter your name and complete the quiz. When

you finish, you may use the remaining class time to continue working with the unit resources on the class wiki.