Rishi Aurobindo Memorial Academy

134 P. K. Guha Road DumDum Kol-28

Study Material of 2/4/2020

For Class Nursery to Nine

Class Nursery

Subject

Topic

Execution

Nursery

· Practice Book

· Reading Book

· Pg 9 Write

· Pg 29 Listen & Repeat

Math

· Practice Book

· Pg 37 write

Bengali

· এসো লিখি

· Pg 4 Write

Hindi

· Letter इ

· Write in the copy

KG I

Subject

Topic

Execution

English

· Reading Book – Pg 8, 9

· Read & Write

Math

· Reading Book – Pg 135

· More & Less (Write in Book)

KG II

Subject

Topic

Execution

English (Term I)

· Pg 7, 8, 9

· Pg 65, 66

· Write in cursive letters in Book

· Listen & Repeat (*read & learn)

Math (Term I)

· Pg 81, 82

· Write in Book

Bengali

· সাহিত্য কুসুম

· Pg 13 – Write in Book

Hindi

· ऊ की मात्रा

· Write 5 words with ऊ की मात्राin copy

Class I

Subject

Topic

Summary

Execution

Hindi

Chapter 2

आ की मात्रा से शब्द

Book Page 22 No. 3

1)नाम 2)माला3)अनार 4)खाना 5)राजा 6)ताला 7)छाता

3)चित्र देखकर गोला लगाइए:-

बादल गाजर माला मटका बादाम

Bengali

বই - বর্ণপরিচয়

ক থেকে চন্দ্রবিন্দু

শূন্য স্থান পূরণ করো

ক __ গ__ ঙ

চ __ জ __ঞ

__ ঠ __ ঢ __

ত __দ __ ন

প __ ব __ ম

__ র __ ব __

__ স __ ড় __

য় ৎ __ ___ ___

English 1

Chapter 3 (A and AN)

There are 26 alphabets in which 5 letters are vowels (a, e, i, o, u) and rest 21 letters are consonants.

We use ‘an’ before words that begin with a vowel sound.

We use ‘a’ before words that begin with a consonant sound.

Book Page 15:-

A. Fill in the blanks with a or an:-

1.atable

2. a flower pot

3. an engine

4. a bee

5. an ice cream

6.a snake

7. an eagle

8. a rainbow

9. an ant

English 2

CHAPTER 3 excuse me please

Page 29 opposites

Word power:-

1. Sad- happy

2. hot -cold

3. wise- stupid

4. good- bad

5. Clean- dirty

6. White- black

7. Sweet- bitter

8. lovely -ugly

EVS

Chapter 7 clothes

Book page 126 and 127

Fill in the blanks:-

1. We wear clothes to cover our body.

2. Clean clothes make us look smart.

3. We wear a raincoat when it rains.

4. We wear woolen clothes in winter.

5. Cotton clothes are worn in summer.

B. Rearrange the letters:-

1.ROFKC – FROCK

2.OCTA – COAT

3.RHSTI – SHIRT

4.CSKOS - SOCKS

Math

Chapter 3

Do as H.W. in book

Page 176 quick check Count and write.

Page 178 quick check

Count and match.

Page 179 and 180 activity and quick check.

Page 181 quick check (tick the box which has 0 object that means which are empty)

Computer

CHAPTER 2 (PARTS OF A COMPUTER)

ADDITIONAL PARTS OF A COMPUTER

COMPUTERS MAY ALSO HAVE SOME ADDITIONAL PARTS

1. SPEAKERS

2. MOUSE PAD

3. HEADPHONES

4. PRINTER

5. SCANNER

6. COMPACT DISC (CD) AND PEN DRIVE

Q4) WHICH PARTS OF A COMPUTER HAS MANY KEYS?

Ans) KEYBOARD

Q5) WHAT IS THE USE OF A MOUSE?

Ans) MOUSE IS USED TO DRAW PICTURES ON THE SCREEN.

Q6) WHICH COMPUTER PART WILL SHOW YOUR NAME?

Ans) MONITOR.

Class II

Subject

Topic

Summary

Execution

Eng literature

Ch 4. Bob and the Bathtub

This is a story of a small boy named Bob who was just three years old. He lived with his father, mother and elder sister. Bob loved to play in the bathtub the most, whether it was full or empty. One day his sister filled the tub with water and bubble bath and went to pick up the phone with the bathroom’s closed but when she returned she found Bob and their dog playing inside the tub. From that day onwards they were very careful and kept the bathroom door locked.

Read the chapter and learn the difficult spellings.

Eng language

Ch 2 One and Many

Refer from the book

Pg 16 ex F

Practice the whole chapter.

Ex F

Answers

7. Boxes

8. Leaves

9. Knives

10. Potatoes

11. Tomatoes

12. Thieves

13. Branches

14. Leaves

EVS

Ch 2 My Body

Refer from the book

Pg 99 Ex C

Learn all the exercise that are done from this chapter.

Ex c) Match the column.

ANSWERS.

1. Lungs- help us to breathe

2. Brain- helps us to think

3. Muscles- help in movement

4. Stomach- digests food

5. Heart- pumps blood.

Hindi

Chapter 3

Book page 25

1.निम्नलिखित प्रश्नों के सही उत्तर पर सही का निशान लगाइए

Page 27 विपरीत अर्थ वाले शब्द

6.छुट्टी में बच्चे ने क्या किया?

उत्तर:आधी छुट्टी में बच्चों ने बारिश से जमे पानी में कागज की नाव चलाई।

1.कौन पंख फैलाकर नाचने की तैयारी करने लगे?

उत्तर:-मोर

2.सबसे पहले किसने प्रश्न पूछा?

उत्तर:- सुनीलने

3. पानी क्या बनकर ऊपर की तरफ उड़ रहा था? उत्तर:-भाप बनकर

विपरीत शब्द:- क) गरमी- सरदी ख) ऊपर-नीचे ग) प्रश्न- उत्तर घ) आधा-पूरा

Bengali

বই - বর্ণপরিচয়

র – ফলা যুক্ত শব্দ

পাতা - ৯

অগ্র, গ্রাম, ঘ্রাণ , পাত্র , কৃত্রিম , প্রাণ , রৌদ্র , ব্রত , স্রোত , হ্রদ , হ্রাস , নিদ্রা , ভ্রমণ , বিশ্রাম , শ্রম।

Mathematics

Ch 2 ordinal numers

Done in the previous class

ORDINAL NUMBERS REPRESENTATIONS

FIRST 1st

SECOND 2nd

THIRD 3rd

FOURTH 4th

FIFTH 5th

SIXTH 6th

SEVENTH 7th

EIGHTH 8th

NINTH 9thTENTH 10thELEVENTH 11thTWELFTH 12thTHIRTEENTH 13thFOURTEENTH 14thFIFTEENTH 15thSIXTEENTH 16thSEVENTEENTH 17thEIGHTEENTH 18thNINETEENTH 19thTWENTIETH 20th

COMPLETE THE TABLE

Class III

Subject

Topic

Summary

Execution

ENGLISH II

CHAPTER-2 (THE WOODEN BOWL)

Learn these –

Pg 25

do in the book

Pg 26 do in the book

Working with words [refer from pg 25]

1.Match the columns

ANSWERS-

1. In the evenings - they sat down to dinner.

2.They brought him – a cheap , wooden bowl

3. They all lived – in a little old house.

4.The son earned – a good living

5.The old man – didn’t complain

6.The little boy – was making a bowl

Qs 2 Find words in the story for the following

ANSWERS-

A.CARPENTER

B. Carve

C. Grandfather

D. Workshop

E. Wooden

F. Daughter-in-law

SST

INDIA, LAND OF FESTIVALS

A festival is a special day that we celebrate with our family and friends. We celebrate national, religious and harvest festivals in our country.

National festivals: festivals which are celebrated across the country are known as national festivals.

Republic day.

Independence day.

Gandhi jayanti

1. What is a festival?

Ans: A festival is a special day that we celebrate with our family and friends.

2. What are national festivals?

Ans: Festivals which are celebrated across the country are known as national festivals.

3. Why do we celebrate Republic day?

Ans The Constitution of India came into effect on 26th January, 1950, after India became independent. So every year on this day we celebrate Republic day.

4. When do we celebrate Independence day?

Ans: We celebrate India on 15th August, as India got Independence from the British.

5. When do we celebrate Gandhi jayanti?

Ans: We celebrate Gandhi jayanti on 2nd October.

BENGALI

বই – বাংলা সাহিত্য পরিচয়

পাঠ ৬ – কাজের লোক

অনুশীলনীর প্রশ্নোত্তর

৭। বাকি রচনা :-

তৃণলতা = ছোট পাখি তৃণলতা দিয়ে বাসা মনে বনে।

কিচিমিচি = সকাল হলেই পাখিগুলো কিচিমিচি করে ডাকে ।

দলবল = আমরা ছোট ছেলেমেয়েরা দলবল মিলে রথের মেলায় গিয়েছিলাম ।

পিলপিল = গরম পড়লেই পিলপিল করে পিঁপড়েরা সারি বেঁধে খাবার খুঁজতে যায়।

HINDI

CHAPTER-4

चंदा मामा

Page 28

प्रश्नों के सही उत्तर पर सही का निशान लगाएं

Page 29

3.चंदा मामा कहां गए थे?

उत्तर:- चंदा मामा कचहरी गए थे।

4. निशा मामी की खुशी का कारण क्या था? उत्तर:- निशा मामी की खुशी का कारण हवेली की सुंदरता थी।

1.चंदामामा के कचहरी जाने पर घर पर कौन अकेला रह गया?

उत्तर:- निशा मामी

2.हवेली कैसी थी?

उत्तर:- सजी- सजाई

3. हार किस प्रकार का था?

उत्तर:- नौलखा

समान लय वाले शब्द:- कोई- सोई /हवेली- सहेली /दिशाएं- दाएं / समाई-आई/ मोती- रोती

MATHEMATICS

Ch:3

Addition

Add: (Regrouping)

· Fill the place holders with correct numbers:

1. 9 tens + 6 tens = tens

= hundreds tens.

Solution: 15 tens = 1 hundreds and 5 tens.

2. 4 hundreds 18 tens 14 ones

= 4 hundreds tens 4 ones

= hundreds tens 4ones.

Solution: 4 hundreds 19 tens 4 ones

= 5 hundreds 9 tens 4 ones.

4. 8 hundreds + 9 hundreds = hundreds

= thousands and hundreds.

Solution: 17 hundreds = 1 thousands 7 hundreds

5. 7 hundreds 17 tens = hundreds 7 tens.

Solution: 8 hundreds 7 tens.

6. 16 hundreds 25 tens = hundreds 5 tens

= thousands hundreds 5 tens.

Solution: 18 hundreds 5 tens = 1 thousands 8 hundreds 5 tens.

Class IV

Subject

Topic

Summary

Execution

English literature

The story teller (poem)

Done in the previous lesson.

1. When were the stories told to the children?

Ans: The stories were told to the children at the end of the day.

2. How do we know the children were comfortable and at ease?

Ans: At the end of day, the children bathed and they were well fed. They cuddled in bed, kept their eyes wide open just to listen the story. In this, we come to know that the children were comfortable and at ease.

3. How do we know the stories were interesting to the children?

Ans: The children were listening to the stories with their eyes wide open and with great interest and they were having mixed feelings.

4. What are fables of yore?

Ans: 'Fables of yore' mean a time long ago short stories usually with a lesson or message.

5. When would the shadows creep and phantoms appear?

Ans: The shadows creep when the children sleep soundly at night and phantoms appear when children don’t pray.

6. Who tells the stories now and to whom?

Ans: Now the stories are been told by the children who have grown up, to their young children.

Social studies

Major landforms on earth

Plateau: A plateau is an area of flat land that is higher than the area around it. A plateau is also called a tableland. The Deccan plateau in India is the oldest and the Tibet plateau is the highest in the world.

Importance of plateaus:

1. Plateaus are rich in mineral deposits.

2. Plateau regions have many waterfalls.

3. They have grasslands for rearing sheep and cattle.

4.Plateaus have fertile soil which is good for cultivation

Plains:

Plains are large flat landmasses.

Importance of plains:

1. Plains are very good for growing crops.

2. Most of the big cities are located in the plains.

1. What is a plateau?

Ans: A plateau is an area of flat land that is higher than the area around it.

2. Name the oldest plateau and the highest plateau in the world.

Ans: The oldest plateau in the world is the Deccan plateau in India and the Tibet plateau is the highest plateau in the world.

3. Give two importances of plateaus.

Ans: Plateaus are rich in mineral deposits.

Plateau regions have many waterfalls.

4. What is a plain? Give the importance of plains.

Ans: Plains are large flat landmasses. The importance of plains are:

Plains are very good for growing crops.

Most of the big cities are located in the Plains.

MENTAL MATHEMATICS

Activity: 5

1. Arrange the numbers in ascending order:

(d) 892497, 932497, 782567, 382769

· Solution: 382769, 782567, 892497, 932497.

2. Complete the following pattern of numbers:

(c)

21701

31701

41701

· Solution: 51701, 61701, 71701

3.Write the predecessor and successor of the following:

Predecessor

Number

Successor

d.

1,90,682

e.

52,245

Solution:

Predecessor

Number

Successor

d.

1,90,681

1,90,682

1,90,683

e.

52,244

52,245

52,246

4. Round off the following to the nearest

Tens: a. 82 ___ b. 327 ___ c. 4004 ___ d. 2078 ___

Thousands: a. 3164 ___ b. 13815 ___ c. 24494 ___ d.18702 ___

· Solution:

Tens: a.82 80 b. 327 330 c. 4004 4000 d. 2078 2080

Thousands: a. 3164 3000 b. 13815 14000 c. 24499

24000 d. 18702 19000

Science

Chapter: Adaptations in Plants

Plains are flat large areas of land, which are generally hot. Most parts of plains receive a lot of rainfall. Trees like neem, banyan, mango, peepal grow in plains. Plants in areas with moderate rainfall, heavy rainfall, coastal areas, marshy areas, hilly areas or deserts have different features in them to live in that particular environment. Coastal areas are generally very windy. So the plants have flexible trunk and large fronds(means leaves with many divisions) that help them to bear strong winds such as coconut tree. Mangroves in marshy areas have breathing roots, as the roots do not get air because the soil is covered with water. So the roots come out from the soil and water.

Solved exercise question & answers:

C) Match the columns:

1. Rubber b) evergreen tree

2. Coconut a) coastal plains

3. Pine d) cones

4. Spongy body e) floating plant

5. Poison ivy c) itchy plant

D) Give one-word answers:

1. Plants that grow on land – Terrestrial plants.

2. Trees that keep replacing their old leaves throughout the year – Evergreen plants.

3. Plants that have breathing roots – Mangroves.

COMPUTER

CHAPTER 3 (EDITING IN MS WORD)

EDITING A DOCUMENT

ANY CHANGE MADE IN A DOCUMENT IS CALLED EDITING. IF YOU WANT TO MAKE ANY CHANGE, WE HAVE TO SELECT THE TEXT BEFORE CHANGING IT.

SELECTING THE TEXT

WE CAN SELECT THE TEXT EITHER BY A MOUSE OR KEYBOARD.(READ THE VARIOUS SELECTION PROCEDURES FROM THE PAGE NO 21)

Q1) WHAT IS EDITING?

Ans) ANY CHANGE MADE IN A DOCUMENT IS CALLED EDITING.

Q2) WHAT IS THE SHORTCUT KEY COMBINATION TO SELECT AN ENTIRE DOCUMENT?

Ans) CTRL+A.

Class V

Subject

Topic

Summary

Execution

Social studies

The age of stones

Answer the following:

1. Write a short note on Paleolithic age.

Ans: The word Paleo means old and lithos means stone. Paleolithic age is the period of evolution of mankind. It is the longest period of human time. It began about 2 million years ago. It is further divided into three sub-periods.

2. How did early man use stone in the prehistoric time?

Ans: The early man used stones for different things: hunting animals, removing the skin of animals, cutting meat and bones and cutting trees and cleaning forests.

3. How was the Stone Age different from the Iron Age?

Ans: Stone Age was the era when tools and weapons were made of stone whereas in the iron age, iron was primarily used to make tools.

4. Write a short note on the Chalcolithic age.

Ans: Chalcos means copper. Hence, Chalcolithic age was the copper age. It was a period from around 3500-1700 BC. It was discovered that adding tin to copper formed a harder bronze- the Bronze age. Chalcolithic age was a period of transition from Neolithic to the Bronze age. This age marked the presence of painted pottery.

English language

Prefixes and suffixes

A prefix is a letter or group of letters added to the beginning of a word to form a new word, the meaning of which is usually different in some way from that of the original word.

Example: dis+like= dislike

Im+possible=impossible

Fill in the blanks with words formed by adding prefixes to the words given in brackets:

1. Unpacked. 2. Impossible.

3. Unlucky. 4. Impure.

5. Nonliving 6. Incorrectly.

7. Unable. 8.non-cooperation

9. Disloyal 10. Unwise.

11. Unripe. 12. Disagrees.

13. Disobey. 14. Unlocked. 15. Dishonest.

Science

Chapter 1 - The Circulatory System 

Some important Yoga asanas are –

1) Tadasana

2) Utthita Hastapadasana

3) Veerabhadrasana

4) Bhujangasana

Match the following

Column A

Column B

1)Tadasana

a) Cobra pose

2)Utthita Hastapadasana

b) Mountain pose

3)Veerabhadrasana

c) Warrior pose

4) Bhujangasana

d) Extended hand & feet pose

Ans- 1) –b)

2) –d)

3) –c)

4) –a)

English 2

Robinson Crusoe

Robinson Crusoe is the name book by Daniel Defoe. Daniel Defoe was born in 1616. His father was a butcher, and Daniel Defoe worked at a number of trades before he started to write, at the age of 40.he wrote poems and occasionally wrote criticisms of the government. Sometimes he was sent to prison. When he was nearly 60 he wrote the story of Robinson Crusoe it was a great success, and has been popular with children It is the first great English novel. In this short piece from the book Robinson Crusoe, tells us how he became shipwrecked

Answer the following questions

1. Who is Daniel Defoe?

Daniel Defoe is the author of the book Robinson Crusoe.

2. What happened about two weeks after Robinson Crusoe started his voyage?

Two weeks after Robinson Crusoe started his voyage his ship was wrecked by a violent tornado, two members of the crew was washed abroad and his ship leaked and was hit by a storm.

3. What did Robinson Crusoe did when he woke up?

When he woke up he resolved to go out to the ship and try and bring back some things which would be useful to him on the island.

4. What did Robinson Crusoe take from the ship? In your view which items would have proved most useful?

Robinson Crusoe took some of the seamen's boxes on board and filled them with stores – rice, bread, cheese and some wine. He also took some clothes, and two guns, a pair of pistols and some powder and shot.

5. How did Robinson Crusoe discover he lived on an island?

He walked along the shore and up a little hill, from there he could see that he was on an island. There was no one living on the island but wild animals.

MATHEMATICS

Ch:3

Addition and Subtraction

· Addition without regrouping (carrying)

· Addition with regrouping (carrying)

Exercise:7

· Example:3

Add 53907964, 7548095 and 18166789. Write the sum in words.

· Solution: C T-L L T-Th Th H T O

5 3 9 0 7 9 6 4

7 5 4 8 0 9 5

+1 8 1 6 6 7 8 9

7 9 6 2 2 8 4 8

Sum in words = Seven crore ninety six lakh twenty thousand eight hundred forty eight.

Exercise:

Add:

6. 2 4 8 5 6 3 2 9

+ 8 9 0 7 9 9 3

3 3 7 6 4 3 2 2

Find the sum of the following:

11. 23876403+5487604+7859726

· Solution:

2 3 8 7 6 4 0 3

5 4 8 7 6 0 4

+7 8 5 9 7 2 6

3 7 2 2 3 7 3 3

Find the sum and write the number name for the sum:

12. 85+999+23456+9054381

· Solution:

85

999

23456

+9054381

90,78,921

The number name of the sum = Ninety lakh seventy eight thousand nine hundred twenty one.

Class VI

Subject

Topic

Summary

Execution

HISTORY AND CIVICS

CHAPTER: 3

MAHAVIRA AND BUDDHA – GREAT PREACHERS

BUDDHA

THE ENLIGHTENMENT

Gautama practised severe penance together with five brahmin ascetics.

Gautama gave up penance when he realised that it was a fruitless attempt to find truth through such means.

Gautama sat under a peepal tree at Bodh Gaya and remained in meditation till he attained spiritual knowledge.

After Gautama’s enlightenment , Buddha gave his first spiritual sermon at Deer Park near Sarnath.

Gautama teachings greatly impressed the brahmin ascetics.

Brahmin ascetics became his disciples and laid the foundation of the Buddhist Sangha.

Buddha visited Varanasi , Uruvila, Nalanda and Pataliputra,

Buddha attained nirvana at Kushinagar in c 486 BC at the age of 80.

Tathagat and Shakya Muni-when Gautama attained spiritual knowledge. The true light dawned on him and he came to be known by many names like Buddha, Tathagat,Shakya Muni.

Mahabodhi Temple-The spot where Buddha got enlightenment was considered a hallowed place where now stands the Mahabodhi Temple.

Bodhi tree- The peepal tree under which Buddha used to meditate is known as the Bodhi tree.

Dharmachakrapravartan-After Gautama’s enlightenment , Gautama gave his first spiritual sermon at Deer Park near Sarnath.This event is known as the Turning of the Wheel of Dharma.

BIOLOGY

Chapter – Cell The Basic Unit of Life

Types of Plastids

Plastids are large membrane-bound organelles which contain pigments. Based on the type of pigments, plastids are of three types:

· Chloroplasts –Thiese are green in colour .These pigments are responsible for trapping light energy for photosynthesis.

· Chromoplasts – The chromoplasts include fat-soluble, carotenoid pigments like xanthophylls, carotene, etc. which provide the plants with their characteristic color – yellow, orange, red, etc.

· Leucoplasts – Leucoplasts are colorless plastids which store nutrients.

Q ) Why is the cell membrane selectively permeable? 

Ans - Plasma membrane or Cell membrane is called selectively permeable because it allows only selected substances to entry in the cell or exit from the cell. 

Q ) What are cell organelles? Name some important cell organelles 

Ans - Cell organelles are tiny organs of the cell which perform different functions in the body and also in the sense. Some cell organelles are mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, lysosomes, plastids etc . 

Q ) What is cell division? Why is it important? 

Ans - The process by which parent cell divides to form two or more daughter cells are called cell division. 

· Cell division is is important for growth, repair and reproduction. 

English 1

Noun - Number

A noun may either be singular or plural in number.

When we speak about one person, one animal or one thing, we use the noun in the singular form. For example, boy Tiger, box.

When we speak about two or more people, animals or things, we use the noun in plural form. For example, boys, tigers, boxes.

Exercise 1.

Write the plural forms of the following.

1. Garden – gardens

2. Tax – taxes

3. Duty- duties

4. Day- days

5. Mosquito- mosquitoes

6. Buffalo- buffaloes

7. Tie- ties

8. Calf- calves

9. Gulf – gulfs

10. Hoof- hooves/ hoofs

11. Children

12. Mouse- mice

13. Ox-oxen

14. Deer- deer

15. Aircraft- aircraft

16. Mother-in-law- mothers in law

17. Goose- geese

18. Knife- knives

19. Dwarf- dwarfs/ dwarves

20. Piano – pianos.

English 2

The great train journey- Ruskin Bond.

The great journey by Ruskin Bond is a story about Suraj who loved trains and wanted to go to places. One day while wandering along the railway tracks, he enters into a carriage compartment. The train suddenly starts moving with him in the compartment and after a journey returns back to the same place from where it had begun. The story is about his experience during that journey.

21. Write the antonyms of:

a. Gloom X light

b. Loneliness X happiness

c. Fierce X gentle

d. Glared X smile

e. Rewarded X punish

f. Guiltily X unshamedly

g. Empty X full

h. Gathered X scatter

i. Awkward X easy

j. Familiar X unfamiliar

Hindi

2nd lang

अविकारी शब्द

कुछ शब्द के अनेक अर्थ होते हैं लेकिन उनके अर्थ प्रसंग के अनुसार बदल जाते हैं उसे अनेकार्थी शब्द कहते हैं ।जैसे पत्तता, पत्र।

आंख-नयन,लोचन

मधु-शहद,मदिरा

वर्ण-जाति, रंग

तप-गरमी, धूप

अर्थ-धन,कारण

अमृत-जल,दूध

कमल-जलज,निरज

सूर्य-रवि,दिवाकर

माता-मां,अम्मां

अंबर-आकाश, नभ

खग-पक्षी,बाण

जीवन-जिंदगी, प्राण

BENGALI(2ND LANGUAGE)

অধ্যায় ১০

“ হিমালয়ের পথে” -

(প্রবোধকুমার সান্যাল

'নদী পর নদী ............।

ডাল আর রুটি '।

নদীর পর নদী ,পাহাড় পেরিয়ে লেখক পৌঁছলেন গুপ্তকাশী শহরে ।

গুপ্তকাশী শহরে লোকালয় ও দোকানপাট আছে।

গুপ্তকাশী পার হয়ে ত্রিযুগীনারায়ণ আসে ।

ত্রিযুগীনারায়ণ -তে একটা অগ্নিকুণ্ড আছে ।

ত্রিযুগীনারায়ণ থেকে নেমে নদী পার হয়ে পথ উঠে গেছে গৌরীকুণ্ডের দিকে ।

গৌরীকুণ্ডের পর তুশারাচ্ছন্ন হিমালয়ের মধ্যে কেদারনাথের মন্দির লেখকদের চোখে পড়ে ।

সকালবেলা চারিদিক অন্ধকার তুষার পড়ছে ।

জল জমে জমাট ও কঠিন হয়ে বরফে পরিণত হয়েছে ।

এই পাহাড়ি জায়গায় চাল , ঘি , আটা , আলু ছাড়া আর অন্যকোনো খাদ্যবস্তু পাওয়া যায় না ।

এখানে সামান্য সমতল জায়গা আছে সেখানে মেয়েরাই চাষবাস করে।

মানুষরা দরিদ্র সরল ধর্মভীরু ও ভদ্র ।

বাইরের জগত থেকে তাদের সমস্ত সম্পর্ক বিছিন্ন ।

তাঁরা শুধু পাহাড় , নদীর জলের শব্দ, ঝরনার শব্দ, বরফ পড়ার শব্দ , শরীরের পরিশ্রম , ডাল আর রুটি এই সব বোঝে।

১। নদী পাহাড় পেরিয়ে লেখক কোথায় গিয়ে পৌঁছালেন ?

গুপ্তকাশী শহরে।

২। ত্রিযুগীনারায়ণ কি?

একটি জ্বলন্ত অগ্নিকুণ্ড ।

৩। হিমালয়ের পথে চটিতে কি কি খাবার পাওয়া যায়?

আটা , চাল , ঘি , আলু ইত্যাদি ।

৪। সেখানকার মানুষ কেমন?

সহজ - সরল , দরিদ্র , ধর্মভীরু ও ভদ্র।

৫। পাহাড়ি অঞ্চলে কারা চাষবাস করে?

মেয়েরাই

MATHS

Topic – Numbers

Chapter : Place value

What is place value ?

Ans : In a number, the place value of a non- zero digit, is the value of this digit according to its position in the number.

Example :

Consider a number 593

We can write it as expanded form.

Therefore, 593 = 5×100 + 9×10 +3×1

Therefore, here 3 is ones place, 9 is tens place and 5 is hundred place.

Therefore, we can say that in number 593, the place value of 9 is 90 , the place value of 3 is 3 and the place value of 5 is 500.

Important notes : The place value of the digit zero(0) is always zero(0) regardless of the place it occurs in the given number.

Some solved sums from exercise 4(A).

1) Fill in the blanks :

(i) In 20 kg, the unit is kg ,which is taken 20 times.

(iii)If a unit cm(centimetre) is taken 5 times, the corresponding quantity is 5 cm.

2)Fill in the blanks :

(ii)In 8,039, the place value of 8 is 8000.

(iii)In 3,25,648, the local value of 5 is 5000.

3)Find the difference between the place values of 3 and 5 in the number 3945.

Solution : Given number= 3945

Therefore, the place value of 3 is 3000

And the place value of 5 is 5

Therefore, the difference of the two place value =3000 – 5 =2995.

5)Write the given numbers in words and also in expanded form.

(ii) 76,000 = Seventy-six thousand

= 7×10000 +6×1000

(iii)6,23,000 =six lakh twenty three thousand

=6×100000+2×10000+3×1000

6)Find the difference in the place values of two sevens in the number 8,72,574.

Solution : Given number = 8,72,574

In the given number, one 7 occurs in ten thousand place,so its place value =70000

And other 7 occurs in tens. Place, so its place value = 70

Therefore, the difference of two place value of 7

=70000 – 70

=69930

Class VII

Subject

Topic

Summary

Execution

Math

Topic -Number System

Chapter – Rational Numbers.

Study item : Some solved sums from exercise -2(C)

Add :

(v) -7/25 and 9/-25

Solution : -7/25 + 9/25

=-7/25 + -9/25

=(-7)+(-9)/25

=-7-9/25

=-16/25

Add :

(vii) -9/25 and 1/-75

Solution : -9/25 + 1/-75

= -9/25 + -1/75

=-9×3/25×3 + -1×1/75×1 [ L.C.M. of 25 and 75 =75]

= -27/75 + -1/75

= (-27)+(-1)/75

= -27-1/75

= -28/75

Evaluate :

(iv) -7/6 + 4/-15 + -4/-30

Solution : -7/6 + 4/-15 + -4/-30

= -7/6 + -4/15 +4/30

= -7×5/6×5 + -4×2/15×2 + 4×1/30×1 [ L.C.M. of 6,15and 30 =30]

=-35/30 + -8/30 +4/30

= (-35)+(-8)+4/30

= -35-8+4/30

= -39/30

= -13/10

5)Subtract :

(i) 2/9 from 5/9

Solution : 5/9 -2/9

= 5/9 +(additive inverse of 2/9)

= 5/9 + -2/9

= 5-2/9

= 3/9

=1/3

6) (iii) -7/4 from -2

Solution : -2 – ( -7/4)

=-2/1 +(additive inverse of -7/4)

=-2×4/1×4 + 7/4

= -8/4 + 7/4

= -8+7/4

= -1/4

7) The sum of two rational numbers is 11/24. If one of them is 3/8, find the other.

Solution : Sum of two rational numbers = 11/24

And one of them = 3/8

Therefore, the other rational number = 11/24 – 3/8

= 11/24 – 3×3/8×3 [ 24÷3]

=11/24 – 9/24

= 11-9/24

= 2/24

= 1/12

10) What should be added to -3/16 to get 11/24 ?

Solution : Let the required rational number be x

Therefore, -3/16 + x = 11/24

Or, x = 11/24 + 3/16

= 11×2/24×2 + 3×3/16×3 [L.C.M. of 24 and 16 =48]

= 22/48 + 9/48

=22+9/48

=31/48

15) What should be subtracted from 5/9 to get 9/5 ?

Solution : Let, the required rational number be x

Therefore, 5/9 -x= 9/5

Or, 5/9 -9/5 = x

Or, x =5×5/9×5 – 9×9/5×9

= 25/45 – 81/45

=25-81/45

= -56/45

English 1

Adjectives

Participles as adjectives

Present participle = verb + -ing.

Past participle= verb + -d/- t/ -n/- ed/- en

The present and past participles of words are commonly used as adjectives.

Example, I watched an interesting film last night.

The present participle of a verb used as an adjective can often show an existing state or an action that is going on.

Example, the rising temperature is making life difficult for everybody.

The past participle of a verb used as an adjective can often show an action that is complete. Example , the excited children were quite happy with the decision.

Compound adjectives

compound Adjectives are made up of two or more words. Compound adjectives are often joined by a hyphen.

Example, I have never known a more kind hearted person.

Exercise C.

1. I have just received a very puzzling best of news.

2. She withdrew the offer because nobody was interested.

3. She has a very engaging way of talking.

4. The burning/burnt remains of the paper held all the close.

5. She joined a group of performing artists.

6. Everybody felt very annoyed by the things that happened.

7. He felt trapped in difficult situation.

8. The experts are really worried about the increased population.

9. The jug on the table has some sparkling water.

10. When the dog ran out, Mohit had a worried look.

CHEMISTRY

Chapter -(MATTER AND ITS COMPOSITION)

Q ) Give reasons :

a) When a stone is dipped in a glass containing some water the level of water , rises but when a spoon of sugar is added to it and stirred the water level does not rise ?

Ans – When a stone is dipped in a glass containing some water the level of water rises because the molecules of the stone are larger in size so they occupy some space inside the glass . On the other hand the sugar particles being smaller get adjusted between the intermolecular space in water molecules. So sugar particles do not occupy extra space . Hence the water level does not rise .

b) A drop of ink added to water in a glass turns the whole water blue ..

Ans – This is because of the water, as well as ink particles (molecules), are in continuous random motion. Due to motion, the blue colored particles of the ink spread all over and give a blue color to the water.

COMPUTER

CHAPTER 1 (COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS)

SOFTWARE

THE TERM SOFTWARE IS USED TO DESCRIBE ALL THE INSTRUCTIONS AND PROGRAMS WHICH ARE GIVEN TO A COMPUTER TO PERFORM SPECIFIC TASKS. FOR EVERY ACTION THAT A COMPUTER TAKES IS TRIGGERED BY SOFTWARE LOADED IN ITS MEMORY. SOFTWARE CAN BE BROADLY DIVIDED INTO TWO CATEGORIES 1.SYSTEM SOFTWARE AND 2.APPLICATION SOFTWARE

SYSTEM SOFTWARE

SYSTEM SOFTWARE INCLUDES ALL THE PROGRAMS THAT CONTROL THE WORKING OF A COMPUTER AND HELPS IT TO FUNCTION PROPERLY

OPERATING SYSTEM

LANGUAGE TRANSLATORS

(•COMPILERS •INTERPRETERS •ASSEMBLERS)DEVICE DRIVER

Q6) WHAT IS AN OPERATING SYSTEM? GIVE EXAMPLES.

Ans) AN OPERATING SYSTEM IS AN INTERFACE BETWEEN HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE. IT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR MANAGING AND ALLOCATING MEMORY, SETTING PROCESSOR TIME, MANAGING DISK SPACE AND INTERFACING WITH PERIPHERAL DEVICES CONNECTED TO THE COMPUTER.THE MAIN FUNCTION OF AN OPERATING SYSTEM IS TO MANAGE THE COMPUTER HARDWARE RESOURCES AND PROVIDES COMMON SERVICES FOR COMPUTER PROGRAMS. WHEN A COMPUTER SYSTEM IS FIRST SWITCHED ON, THE OPERATING SYSTEM IS LOADED IN THE MEMORY. EXAMPLES OF POPULAR OPERATING SYSTEM ARE MICROSOFT WINDOWS, LINUX, UNIX, MAC OS, ANDROID, ETC.

Q7) WHAT IS BOOTING?

Ans) WHEN A COMPUTER SYSTEM IS FIRST SWITCHED ON, THE OPERATING SYSTEM IS LOADED IN THE MEMORY .THIS PROCESS IS KNOWN AS BOOTING.

Q8) WRITE A NOTE ON MACHINE LANGUAGE.

Ans) WE KNOW THAT A COMPUTER ONLY UNDERSTANDS THE BINARY LANGUAGE (0s and 1s) CALLED THE MACHINE LANGUAGE AND IT IS DIFFICULT TO WRITE A PROGRAM IN THE MACHINE LANGUAGE.IT IS A SYSTEM OF INSTRUCTIONS EXECUTED DIRECTLY BY THE CPU WITHOUT ANY TRANSLATION AND HENCE IS EXECUTED QUICKLY AS COMPARED TO PROGRAMS IN OTHER LANGUAGES.PROGRAMS IN MACHINE LANGUAGE ARE HARDWARE DEPENDENT DUE TO WHICH MACHINES WITH DIFFERENT ARCHITECTURES NEED DIFFERENT BINARY LANGUAGE PROGRAMS TO SOLVE THE COMPLEX TASKS.

English 2

Julius Caesarch-12

Reference to the context:-

a) “These growing feathers pluck’s from Caesar’s wing/ will make him fly an ordinary pitch”.

i) Who speaks these words and to whom?

Ans: - Flavius speaks these words to Marullus.

ii) What is meant by ‘growing feathers’? Why would the feathers be growing?Ans: - ‘Growing feathers’ here refers to the ambition of Caesar.If Caesar finds the citizens to be so much overwhelmed at his arrival, he would have ‘growing feathers’.

iii) What is meant by ‘fly an ordinary pitch’?

Ans: - The phrase ‘fly an ordinary pitch’ refers to signifying Caesar to be one of the very common people in Rome. He won’t be able to fly much, if people do not accept him well.

iv) What would happen if he is not stopped from flying an ordinary pitch?Ans:- If Caesar is not stopped from flying an ordinary pitch, he would become more ambitious.

Geography

CHAPTER 7

EUROPE

Political Division

British Isles- Ireland, Great Britain .

Low Countries- These countries is either below sea level or Slightly above it. Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg.

Nordic Countries-Norway, Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Iceland.

Mediterranean Europe-Spain, Italy, Vatican City, Portugal, Greece etc.

Balkan State-the countries lying to the south-east , near the coast of Black Sea. Bulgaria,Romania, Albania, Serbia etc.

Former Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia-Yugoslavia :Slovenia, Croatia , Macedonia etc. Czechoslovakia was split into two nations : Czech Republic and Slovakia.

Independent Republics and Baltic States- Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova, Russia etc,

READ NOW-

Country Capital

Ireland Dublin

Belgium Brussels

Netherlands Amsterdam

Norway Oslo

Denmark Copenhagen

Spain Madrid

Italy Rome

Vatican City Vatican City

Portugal Lisbon

Greece Athens

Bulgaria Sofia

Albania Tirana

Slovenia Ljubljana

Slovakia Bratislava

Russia Moscow

United Kingdom London

Germany Berlin

France Paris

Class VIII

Subject

Topic

Summary

Execution

COMPUTER

CHAPTER-1 (OPERATING SYSTEM(OS) AND GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE ROLE AND FUNCTIONS

ICONS

ICONS ARE GRAPHICAL REPRESENTATION OF SOFTWARES, TOOLS, FILES AND FOLDERS THAT HELP USERS PERFORM TASK ON THE COMPUTER THE SYMBOLS APPEAR ON THE DESKTOP AFTER BOOTING.THERE ARE THREE TYPES OF ICONS--SYSTEM ICONS APPLICATION ICONS AND DOCUMENT ICONS.

THE WINDOW

THE WINDOW IS A RECTANGULAR AREA AND AN ESSENTIAL COMPONENT WHERE THE USERS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS ARE DOCUMENTS THE WINDOW CAN BE MINIMISED OR MAXIMIZED.THERE ARE FOUR TYPES OF WINDOWS--APPLICATION WINDOW, DOCUMENT WINDOW, ACTIVE WINDOW AND DIALOGUE WINDOW.

TITLE BAR

THE TOP MOST HORIZONTAL BAR OF ANY APPLICATION OR DOCUMENT WINDOW IS CALLED THE TITLE BAR. IT DISPLAYS THE NAME OF THE ACTIVE DOCUMENT.

READ PAGE NUMBER 14 TO 17.

English Language

The Sentence

Page- 105

B) Combine each of the following pairs of simple sentences into one simple sentence:-

1. Cow produces a valuable food called Milk.

2. He showed me his painting, a beautiful work of art.

3. Tagore won the Nobel prize for Gitanjalii, a collection of short poems.

4. Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India, died in 1964.

5. Mr. Joydeep Mukherjee, the Chairman of the Oxford group of educational publishers, is the chief guest at our Prize Day Function.

6. Having heavy rainfall, we had to stay indoors.

7. Being selfish he didn’t have any friends.

8. Being intelligent we admire him.

9. Confessing his crime, the criminal got a lighter punishment.

10. His father oppose to his desire to marry a girl from the USA.

GEOGRAPHY

Asia

POLITICAL DIVISION

There are many groups of countries in Asia-

East Asian Countries

South East Asian Countries

South Asian Countries

Southwest Asian Countries

Central Asia

· Russia is the largest country in Asia.

· Maldives is the smallest country in Asia.

East Asian Countries - also referred to as the Far East. These countries are- Japan, China, North Korea, South Korea etc.

South East Asian Countries-Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore , Laos, Vietnam etc.

South Asian Countries-India,Nepal, Bangladesh, Afghanistan, Bhutan etc.

Southwest Asian Countries – chiefly known as the Middle East. Saudi Arabian, Iran, Oman, Bahrain, Kuwait, Israel, Qatar etc.

Central Asia-The USSR collapsed and broke into a number of independent republics in 1991. Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan etc.

Read Now-

Country Capital

Japan Tokyo

China Taipei

North Korea Pyongyang

Singapore Singapore

Malaysia Kuala Lumpur

India New Delhi

Bangladesh Dhaka

Nepal Kathmandu

Bhutan Thimphu

Pakistan Islamabad

Kuwait Kuwait

Oman Muscat

Qatar Doha

Tajikistan Dushanbe

Uzbekistan Tashkent

MATHEMATICS

Ch: 3

Squares and Square Roots

· Properties of the Square number:

1. The ending digit of the square of a number is 0, 1, 4, 5, 6 or 9.

2. A number having 2,3,7 or 8 at its unit place is never a perfect square.

3. If a number has 1 or 9 at its unit’s place, then square of this number always has 1 (one) at its unit place.

4. If the digit at the units place of a number is 4 or 6, then its square will always have 6 at its unit’s place.

5. If a number ends with n zeros, its square ends with 2n zeros.

6. A perfect square number leaves remainder 0 or 1 on dividing it by 3.

7. For any natural number n: (n+1)2-n2 = (n+1) +n.

8. The sum of first n odd natural numbers = n2

(i) 1+3 = sum of first 2 odd numbers = 22= 4.

(ii) 1+3+5+7+9 = sum of first 5 odd numbers = 52 = 25.

(iii) 1+3+5+7+9+…+19 = sum of first 10 odd natural numbers = 102 = 100.

9. For any three natural numbers p, q and r, if p2+q2 = r2 or, p2+r2 = q2 or, q2+r2 = p2; the numbers p, q and r are known as Pythagorean triplets.

For example: Natural numbers 3, 4 and 5 are Pythagorean triplets as 32+42 = 52.

Exercise: 3(C)

6. If a number ends with 3 zeroes, how many zeroes will its square have?

· Solution: 6 zeroes.

7. If the square of a number ends with 10 zeroes. How many zeroes will the number have?

· Solution: 5 zeroes.

8. Is it possible for the square of a number to end with 5 zeroes? Give reason.

· Solution: No, it will always have an even number of zeroes.

11. Give reason to show that none of the numbers 640, 81000 and 3600000 is a perfect square.

· Solution: No number has an even number of zeroes.

13. Without doing the actual addition, find the sum of:

(i) 1+3+5+7+9+11+13+15+17+19+21+23

(ii)1+3+5+7+9+…+39+41

· Solution:

(i) There are first 12 odd natural numbers

So, sum of first 12 odd natural numbers = (12)2 = 144.

(ii) There are first 21 odd natural numbers

So, sum of first 21 odd natural numbers = (21)2 = 441

Physics

Chapter 1 : Physical Quatites and Measurements

Let us look into the topics that the chapter covers:

The density of a matter is the mass per unit volume present in it. Density is the fundamental property of a matter. Every object has a different density. Densities of various materials vary based on the factor of how closely the molecules are packed. The molecules are densely packed in substances having high density. A body encounters two types of forces at being immersed in a liquid, the weight of its own and the counteracting buoyant force respectively.

Question 1.

Write true or false for each statement

(a) Equal volumes of the two different substances have equal masses.

Answer: False.

(b) The density of a piece of brass will change by changing its size or shape.

Answer: False.

(c) The density of a liquid decreases with an increase in its temperature.

Answer: True.

(d) The relative density of water is 1.0.

Answer: True.

(e) The relative density of a substance is expressed in gm-3.

Answer: False.

(f) When a body is immersed in a liquid, the buoyant force experienced by the body is equal to the volume of the liquid displaced by it.

Answer: False.

(g) A body experiences the same buoyant force while floating in water or alcohol.

Answer: True.

(h) A body experiences the same buoyant force when it floats or sinks in water.

Answer: False.

(i) A body floats in a liquid when its weight becomes equal to the weight of the liquid displaced by its submerged part.

Answer: True.

(j) A body while floating sinks deeper in a liquid of low density than in a liquid of high density.

Answer: True.

Class IX

Subject

Topic

Summary

Execution

Mathematics

Topic : Algebra

Chapter : Expansions

(xiv) ( x + a)(x + b)(x + c) = x3 +(a +b + c)x2 +(ab + bc +ca)x +abc

Example : (x + 1)(x + 2)(x + 3)

= (x)3 + (1 + 2+ 3)x2 +{(1)(2) +(2)(3) + (3)(1)}x + {(1)(2)(3)}

= x3 + 6x2+(2+ 6 +3)x + 6

=x3 + 6x2+11x + 6

(ii) (x + 2)(x -3)(x +4)

=(x)3 + {(-2) +(-3) +(4)}x2 + {(-2)(-3) + (-3)(-4) + (4)(-2)}x + {(-2)(-3)(4)}

= x3+ ( -5+4)x2+ ( 6-12 -8)x + (24)

=x3 +(-1)x2 + (6-20)x + 24

= x3 -x2 -14x +24

(xv) If a+b+ c =0 ,then a3+ b3+ c3 = 3ABC.

Example : If 2x = 3y + 6 , then find the value of

8x3 - 27y3 – 108xy -216

Solution : Given , 2x = 3y + 6

. Or, 2x - 3y – 6 = 0

Or, 2x + (-3y) + (-6) =0

Or, (2x)3 + (-3y)3 ( -6)3 = 3(2x)(-3y)(-6) [If a+ b +c =0 then a3 + b3 +c3 = 3abc]

Or, 8x3 + (-27y)3 + ( -216) = (6x)(-3y)(-6)

. =(-36x)(-3y)

. = 108 xy

Or, 8x3 + 27y3 -108xx – 216 =0

Some solved sums from exercise -3.1

If 2a -b + c =0 ,prove that 4a2– b2 + c2 + 4ac = 0

Solution : Given , 2a – b +c = 0

Or, ( 2a + c)2 = (b)2

Or, (2a)2 + 2(2a)(c) + (c)2 = ( b)2

Or, 4a2+ 4ac + c2 = b2

Or, 4a2– b2 + c2 +4ac = 0 (proved).

(ii) If a + b+ 2c = 0, proved that a3 + b3 +8c3 = 6abc

Solution : Given , a + b + 2c =0

Or, a+ b = -2c. ..(i)

Or, ( a+b)3 = (-2c)3

Or, a3 + b3 +3ab(a +b) = -8c3

Or, a3 +b3 +3ab(-2c) = -8c3 [ from (i) we get, a +b = -2c]

Or, a3 + b3 +8c3 = 6abc (proved)

Eng Literature (The Merchant of Venice – William Shakespeare)

Topic: Act I, Scene 1, Lines 140 to 185 (End of Scene 1)

· Bassanio replies that he has fallen in love with a lady of great beauty and rich inheritance at Belmont and that she has responded to his love. He wishes to visit that lady (Portia) in order to win her as his wife. He says that he will be grateful if he could get a fresh loan for his noble purpose.

· Antonio responds by saying that he does not have ready money because he has invested all his money in the merchant ships. He advises Bassanio that he should raise a loan on credit of Antonio from anywhere in Venice so that he can proceed to Belmont.

IMPORTANT PASSAGE EXPLAINED:

(Line 167-172)

Nor is the wide world ignorant of her worth;For the four winds blow in from every coastRenowned suitors, and her sunny locksHang on her temples like a golden fleece;Which makes her seat of Belmont, Colchos' strand,And many Jasons come in quest of her.

Context: In Act I, Scene 1 of The Merchant of Venice, Bassanio wants a loan of money from his friend Antonio in order to try his luck at winning Portia. He is eulogizing the lady whom he wishes to marry for her wealth and as well as her beauty.

Explanation:Portia’s beauty and accomplishments, says Bassanio, are not a secret from anyone. She is so widely known that men of high rank and position go to Belmont, where she lives, from all countries and lands. Her bright locks of hair beautify her brow like a golden fleece. Belmont is, therefore, like Colchis.

Just a Jason went to Colchis in order to win the Golden Fleece, suitors from far and near go to Belmont in order to win fair Portia. These lines contain a reference to Greek mythology. In Colchis in Asia near the Suxine on the Black Sea was a ram with Golden Fleece. In one of the oldest stories, Jason led a party of Greek heroes, called the Argonauts, through many hazards in order to bring back the Golden Fleece. Jason succeeded with the help of Medea, daughter of King Aeetes of Colchis, who loved him. The comparison of Portia with the Golden Fleece is obviously very poetic.

BASSANIO: In my schooldays, when I had lost one shaft, (L145-157)I shot his fellow of the self-same flight. The self-same way, with more advised watch, To find the other forth; and by adventuring both I oft found both: I urge this childhood proof, Because what follows is pure innocence. I owe you much; and, like a willful youth, That which I owe is lost: but if you pleaseTo shoot another arrow that self wayWhich you did shoot the first, I do not doubt, As I will watch the aim, or to find both, Or bring your latter hazard back again, And thankfully rest debtor for the first.

(a) Who is the speaker just before the quoted lines and what does the speaker say to Bassanio?

Just before the quoted lines, Antonio is the speaker. Antonio requests Bassanio to let him know his plans. He tells him that if his schemes are as honourable and worthy as he is, he (Antonio) assures him that all his wealth, all his means and his own self will be at Bassanio’s disposal so that he may use them as he likes so as to achieve his purpose.

(b) With whom is Bassanio talking and why does he feel shame? What kind of man does he appear here?

Bassanio is talking to Antonio. He expresses his shame because he has not been able to repay the earlier loan of Antonio and is seeking another. Here we see him as an intelligent person and a man of practical wisdom who has realized the significance of material possessions and has devised ways to achieve them. Besides being a man of vision and wisdom, Bassanio appears to be a fortune-hunter also.

(c) What strategy does he explain to retrieve his social position and what does he tell Antonio about his school days?

Here Bassanio explains his strategy to retrieve his social position through marriage to a rich heiress. He recounts his school days experience as an evidence and illustration of the efficacy of his strategy. He tells Antonio that when as a boy he lost one of his arrows, he would shoot another arrow in the direction of the lost one and noted its flight carefully and followed it. So by risking the second arrow, he generally found the first arrow also.

EVS

CHAPTER - 1 (UNDERSTANDING OUR ENVIRONMENT)

· Types of pollution 

1) Air pollution 

2) Soil pollution 

3) Water pollution 

4) Radiation pollution 

5) Noise pollution 

6) Thermal pollution 

7) Marine pollution 

· Effects of pollution on human health and other organisms – 

1. Pollution main cause many skin allergies due to chemicals and radiation . 

2. Long-term health hazard like asthmatic attacks , allergies can occur due to pollution . 

3. Transient hazards can occur due to accidental spillage of chemicals in a factory . 

Q ) Name different types of pollution along with their definitions . 

8) Air pollution -- Air pollution is a type of environmental pollution that affects the air and is usually caused by smoke or other harmful gases, mainly oxides of carbon, sulphur and nitrogen.

9) Soil pollution  -- oil pollution is defined as the presence of toxic chemicals (pollutants or contaminants) in soil, in high enough concentrations to pose a risk to human health and/or the ecosystem. Soil pollution refers to anything that causes contamination of soil and degrades the soil quality

10) Water pollution -- Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies, usually as a result of human activities. Water bodies include for example lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater. ... For example, releasing inadequately treated wastewater into natural water bodies can lead to degradation of aquatic ecosystems.

11) Radiation pollution -- Radioactive Pollution is defined as the increase in the natural radiation levels caused by human activities. It is estimated that about 20% of radiation we are exposed to is due to human activities. The human activities that can release radiation involve activities with radioactive materials such as mining, handling and processing of radioactive materials, handling and storage of radioactive waste, as well as the use of radioactive reactions to generate energy (nuclear power plants), along with the use of radiation in medicine (e.g. X-rays) and research.

12) Noise pollution -- Noise pollution, also known as environmental noise or sound pollution, is the propagation of noise with harmful impact on the activity of human or animal life.

13) Thermal pollution -- Thermal pollution, sometimes called "thermal enrichment," is the degradation of water quality by harmful release of heated liquid into a body of water or heat released into the air as a waste product of a business.

14) Marine pollution -- Marine pollution occurs when harmful effects result from the entry into the ocean of chemicals, particles, industrial, agricultural and residential waste, noise, or the spread of invasive organisms. Eighty percent of marine pollution comes from land.

BENGALI(2ND LANGUAGE)

“ বঙ্গভূমিরপ্রতি “

মাইকেলমধুসূদনদত্ত

কবি বিদেশ যাত্রার আগে দেশমাতার কাছে প্রার্থনা জানিয়েছেন যে তিনি যেন কবিকে সর্বদা মনে রাখেন। দেশমাতার কাছে কবি স্মরণীয় হয়ে থাকতে চান। কবি নিজের উচ্চাশাপূরণ করতে গিয়ে যদি ভুল করে নতবু ও জন্মভূমি যেন তাঁকে স্মরণে রাখেন। প্রবাসে যদি তার মৃত্যু হয় তবুও জন্মভূমি তাকে মনে রাখলে সেই মৃত্যুতে তার কোন দুঃখ নেই। কবি জানেন মানুষ মরণশীল। মানুষ মৃত্যুর পরও যখন মানুষের মনে বেঁচে থাকে তার কাজের মধ্যে দিয়ে সেটাই কবির কাছে জীবনে বেঁচে থাকার স্বার্থকতা বলে মনে হয়। এই বেঁচে থাকাটাই কবির কাছে গৌরব। কবির এমন কোন গুণ নেই যার জন্য তিনি দেশমাতার অমরত্ব প্রার্থনা করবেন। তবে দেশমাতা যদি তার সব ভুলত্রুটি বর্জন করে গুণগুলোকে গ্রহণ করেন তবেই তিনি দেশবাসীর কাছে অমর হয়ে থাকবেন।

শব্দার্থ

মিনতি- প্রার্থনা

সাধিতে- সম্পাদনকরতে

সাধ- ইচ্ছা

পরমাদ- ভুল/ প্রমাদ/ বিপদ

মধুহীন- ফুলেরনির্যাসহীন

কোকনদ- লালপদ্ম

দৈবেরবশে- নিয়তি

অমর – মৃত্যুহীন

খেদ – দুঃখ/ অনুশোচনা

মক্ষিকা- মাছি

শ্যামা- শ্যামলাবঙ্গভূমি

মানসে- মানসসরোবরে

তাম্রস – পদ্মফুল

Hindi

2nd lang

साखी(कबीर दास)

कबीर दास जी ने गुरु का स्थान ईश्वर से सबसे बड़ा बताया है क्योंकि वही ज्ञान के अंधकार को मिटाता है और ईश्वर से मिलाता है।

ईश्वर से मिले पर मनुष्य का अहंकार भी मिट जाता है और वह ईश्वर मैं हो जाता है अहंकारी मनुष्य ईश्वर को नहीं पा सकता ।

कबीर हिंदू और मुसलमानों के पूजा के तरीकों पर गहरा व्यंगकरते हैं मूर्ति पूजा तथा मस्जिद के ऊपर चढ़कर अजान की आवाज लगाना उनकी दृष्टि में आडंबर है इसका खंडन करते हैं।

कवि कहते हैं कि ईश्वर के अनंत गुरु का वर्णन करना बड़ा कठिन है।

1. गुरु गोविंद दोऊ खडे काके लागू पाय बलिहारी गुरु आपने जिन गोविंद दियो बताए ।

1) इस पंक्ति में कवि ने किस की महानता बताई है।

2) गुरु तथा गोविंद में कवि ने किसे बड़ा बताया है ?

3) कवि किस पर बलिहारी है और क्यो स्पष्ट करो ।

4) भाव स्पष्ट करिए।

उत्तर–

1) इस पंक्ति में कबीर दास जी ने बताया है कि हरि से गुरु बड़े हैं क्योंकि वह गुरु ही है जिन्होंने उन्हें भगवान का दर्शन करा दिया बिना गुरु के ज्ञान भी नहीं मिलता ।

2) कवि के अनुसारगुरु तथा गोविंद दोनों ही श्रेष्ठहोते हैंलेकिन यदि दोनों के मध्य तुलना की जाए तो गुरु का स्थान श्रेष्ठ है क्योंकि गुरु ने ही तो ईश्वर के विषय में बताया है यदि गुरु ना होते तो ईश्वर की सत्यता के विषय में ज्ञान भी ना हो पाता यही कारण है कि ईश्वर से बड़ा गुरु को समझा जाता है क्योंकि वही हमें ज्ञान देते हैं।

3) कवि गुरु का स्थान श्रेष्ठ मानते हैं क्योंकि गुरु ही वह माध्यम होता है जो हमें ईश्वर के विषय में ज्ञान देता है उनके अस्तित्व से परिचित कराता है इसलिएकवि अपने गुरु पर बार-बार बलिहारी जाते हैं गुरु ही हमारे ज्ञान का मार्ग प्रशस्त करता है इसलिए गुरु का स्थान हर स्थिति में श्रेष्ठ ही होता है।

4) इस दोहे में कबीर दास जी गुरु की तुलना भगवान से करते हुए कहते हैं कि की हरि तथा गुरु दोनों ही मेरे समक्ष खड़े हैं और मैं यह नहीं समझ पा रहा हूं कि पहले किस के चरण स्पर्श करूं फिर मैंने गुरु के चरण स्पर्श करते हुए कहा कि गुरु ईश्वर के समान ही है गुरु के ज्ञान तथा उनके मार्गदर्शन के द्वारा ही ईश्वर की प्राप्ति होती है।।

2. “जब मैं था तब हरि नहीं अब हरि है मैं नहींप्रेम गली अति सांकरी तामें दो न स माही”।

1) साक्री शब्द का अर्थ लिखिए और वाक्य बनाइए।

2) हरी और अहंकार साथ साथ नहीं रहते क्यों ?

3) हरि ने किन-किन का अहंकार दूर किया है ?

4) प्रेम गली से कवि का क्या तात्पर्य है और उसकी क्या विशेषता है।

Continue to next……

Physics

Motion in 1D (Summary)

First go through previous notes. Now here we will solve some numerical related to that.

Execution

Question 37

Arrange the following speeds in increasing order.

10 m s-1, 1 km min-1 and 18 km h-1.

[Hint: 1 km min-1 = 16.65 m s-1, 18 km h-1= 5 m s-1]

Solution 37

18 km h-1 < 10 m s-1 < 1 km min-1

Question 38

A train takes 3 hours to travel from Agra to Delhi with a uniform speed of 65 km h-1. Find the distance between the two cities.

Solution 38

Total time taken = 3 hours

Speed of the train = 65 km/hr

Distance travelled = speed x time

  = 65 x 3 = 195 km

Question 39

A car travels the first 30 km with a uniform speed of 60 km h-1 and the next 30 km with a uniform speed of 40 km h-1. Calculate: (i) The total time of journey, (ii) The average speed of the car.

Solution 39

For the first 30 km travelled, speed = 60 km/h.

Thus time taken (t1) = Distance / speed

 = (30/60) h-1

 = 0.5 h-1 or 30 min.

For the next 30 km travelled, speed = 40 km/h

Thus time taken (t2) = Distance/speed

 = (30/40) h-1

 = 0.75 h-1 or 45 min.

(i) Total time = (30 + 45) min

 = 75 min or 1.25 h.

(ii) Average speed of the car = Total distance travelled/total time taken

Commercial

studies

Chapter 2

• Interrelationship between trade commerce and industry. In this topic we will see how trade, commerce and industry are interrelated to each other. All these three are elements of business. Business cannot be performed in absence of any one of these three.

Though there is interrelationship between trade industry and Commerce still there is some distinctions between them.

Questions :

Explain the interrelationship between trade, commerce and industry.

Answer)

Trade commerce and industry are closely related to each other. No commercial activity is possible without industry. Likewise, industrial production is meaningless without the distribution of goods through commerce. Thus if industry is the backbone of commerce, commerce serve as a lifeline of industry. Again,trade provide the necessary support to industry and maintains a smooth flow of Commerce. It is the nucleus of Commerce as all commercial activities revolve around sale or exchange. Trade provide the solid Foundation upon which the superstructure of Commerce is built. Thus, there is a high degree of interdependence between industry, commerce and trade.

Distinguish between industry and Commerce.

Answer)

Points

Industry

Commerce

•Scope

It consists of all activities related to production of commodities.

It consists of trade and aids to trade.

•Capital

Huge capital is required for large scale industry.

Less capital is required.

•Risk

High risk is involved

Less risk is involved

•Utility

Creates form utility

Creates time and place utility.

Economics

Socialist Economy

(Chapter 3)

•Socialist economy

# Today we will discuss about the socialist economy, its features.

The concept of socialism or socialist economy has been arises in order to remove the exploitation that follows in the capitalist economy.

# Karl Marks had talked about this type of economy in his book ‘Capital’.

• Features:

1) Social property

2) Government is the only producer

3) Social welfare

4) Economic equality

5) People’s Corporation.

Questions

1) What do you mean by socialist economy? Mention the features of socialist economy.

Answer)

A socialist economy may be defined as an economic system in which the means of production are owned by the whole society and operated by the government for the benefit of whole society.

Features:

The main features of socialist economy are:

I• All property belongs to the society as a whole.

II• There is no competition as a government is the only producer.

III• Economic activities are guided by the motive of social welfare.

IV• Economic equality is a very core of socialism.

V• It works with corporation of people.

2) Mention some countries that follows socialism

Answer)

China Vietnam Poland Cuba etc.

CHEMISTRY

Steps involved in writing a chemical equation

(i)Write the symbols or the formulae of the reactants on the left hand side,with a (+) sign between them.

(ii).write the symbols or the formulae of the products on the right hand side,with a (+) sign between them.

(iii).Put the sign of an arrow() in between the reactant side and the productside.

(iv).Represent the reactant and the product in their molecular forms [Because their atomic forms are usually neither nor capable of separate existence]

A Chemical equation tells us what substances enter a given reaction (REACTANTS) and what substances are formed as a result of the reaction (PRODUCTS)

FOR EXAMPLE:

CuSO4+2NaOHCu(OH)2+Na2SO4

In the given equation copper sulphate and Sodium hydroxide(Reactants) react to produce copper hydroxide and sodium sulphate (products)

Rishi Aurobindo Memorial Academy

134 P. K. Guha Road DumDum Kol

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28

Study Material

of

2/4

/2020

For Class Nursery to Nine

Class Nursery

Subject

Topic

Execution

Nursery

·

Practice Book

·

Reading Book

Ø

Pg 9 Write

Ø

Pg 29 Listen &

Repeat

Math

·

Practice Book

Ø

Pg 37 write

Bengali

·

??? ????

Ø

Pg 4 Write

Hindi

·

Letter

?

Ø

Write in the copy

KG I

Subject

Topic

Execution

English

·

Reading Book

–

Pg 8, 9

Ř

Read & Write

Math

·

Reading Book

–

Pg 135

Ř

More & Less

(Write in Book)

KG II

Subject

Topic

Execution

English (Term I)

·

Pg 7, 8, 9

·

Pg 65, 66

Ř

Write in cursive letters in Book

Ř

Listen & Repeat (*read & learn)

Math (Term I)

·

Pg 81, 82

Ř

Write in Book

Bengali

·

??????? ?????

Ø

Pg 13

–

Write in Book

Hindi

·

? ?? ??????

Ø

Write 5 words with

? ?? ??????

i

n copy

Class I

Subject

Topic

Summary

Execution

Hindi

Chapter 2

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Book Page 22 No. 3

1)

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2)

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3

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4

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5

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6

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7)

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3)

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:

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Bengali

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?????

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English 1

Chapter 3

(A and AN)

There are 26 alphabets in which 5 letters

are vowels (a, e, i, o, u) and rest 21 letters

are consonants.

We use ‘an’ before words that begin with

a vowel sound.

We use ‘a’ before words that begin with a

consonant sound.

Book Page 15:

-

A. Fill in the blanks

with a or an:

-

1.

a

table

2.

a

flower pot

3.

an

engine

4.

a

bee

5.

an

ice cream

6.

a

snake

7.

an

eagle

8.

a

rainbow

9.

an

ant

English 2

CHAPTER 3

excuse me

please

Page 29 opposites

Word

power

:

-

1.

Sad

-

happy

2.

hot

-

cold

3.

wise

-

stupid

4.

good

-

bad

5.

Clean

-

dirty

6.

White

-

black