we exist to build great things butte college – instructional arts paperless project cost analysis...
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Butte College – Instructional ArtsPaperless Project Cost Analysis & Environmental Impact Case Study
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How Much Energy Is Used in the Pulp and Paper Industry?
WWF: Carbon Dioxide (CO2) and Energy Use in Pulp and Paper Mils http://assets.panda.org/downloads/briefing_co2.pdf
The pulp and paper industry is extremely energy intensive; it is in fact the world’s fifth largest industrial consumer of energy.
– Worldwatch Institute: Paper cuts, recovering the paper landscape No 149 http://www.worldwatch.org/taxonomy/term/40?page=2
In the US it represents about 12% of total manufacturing energy use. However, energy costs can represent up to 25% of the total costs, so mills make every effort to reduce consumption.
– Energy use US .http://www.aceee.org/pubs/ie962.htm
According to the Confederation of European Paper Industries (CEPI), Sustainability report 2005:
– “The paper industry has made important strides in reducing total energy use since 1973 and in increasing the fraction of energy provided from self-generated biomass sources. The paper industry is now the biggest user and producer of renewable energy sources.”
Nevertheless, many millions of tons of fossil fuel CO2 contributing to climate change are released by paper mills every year.
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Case Study Assumptions All statistics are reflective of DPR’s role only. They do not account for
architects, consultants, owners, or subcontractors. While this may present a significantly large impact upon the case study, gathering accurate information is not feasible.
The data presented is in the form of an ideal paperless project and is compared to a fully conventional project. It should be noted that many jobs incorporate various aspects of a paperless jobsite but accounting for this in a case study is too burdensome.
The time required to perform each activity for a conventional project is taken from input from SAC PE’s.
The time required to perform each activity for a paperless project is based from actual experience on the Butte College jobs.
This case study is reflective of an approximately $20M job with a 16 month schedule. While the impacts of larger or smaller jobs may vary, it is estimated that the variance shall be minimal.
The costs of PM’s, PE’s, and FOC’s include burden to represent the cost to the owner.
The costs for the equipment items that have been purchased, not rented, have been standardized to a monthly rate; life expectancy of each equipment item is assumed to be 4 years
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Cost AnalysisSubmittals # Submittals Min. Req'd Cost # Submittals Min. Req'd Cost SavingsReceive from sub, process, and package to arch
250 45.00 14,063$ 250 15.00 4,688$ 9,375$
Receive from architect, process, and package to sub
250 30.00 9,375$ 250 10.00 3,125$ 6,250$
TOTAL 23,438$ 7,813$ 15,625$
RFI's # RFI's Min. Req'd Cost # RFI's Min. Req'd Cost SavingsAssume RFI's are conventionally emailed
300 0.00 -$ 300 0.00 -$ -$
Assume RFI's are conventionally printed out for filing
300 1.00 375$ 300 0.00 -$ 375$
TOTAL 375$ -$ 375$
CONVENTIONAL PROJECT PAPERLESS PROJECT
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Cost AnalysisMeeting Minutes # Packets Min. Req'd Cost # Packets Min. Req'd Cost SavingsAssume processed in Prolog; therefore no cost savings 75 0.00 -$ 75 0.00 -$ -$ Cost required to print 200 pages (10 people x 20 pages) 75 0.00 1,500$ 75 0.00 -$ 1,500$ TOTAL 1,500$ -$ 1,500$
General Filing # Documents Min. Req'd Cost # Documents Min. Req'd Cost SavingsTime required to print emails 1875 0.50 1,172$ 1875 0.50 1,172$ -$ Cost to print emails on paper 1875 0.00 188$ 1875 0.00 -$ 188$ Time requried for general filing of emails, faxes, docs, etc. 1875 1.00 1,875$ 1875 1.00 1,875$ -$ TOTAL 3,234$ 3,047$ 188$
CONVENTIONAL PROJECT PAPERLESS PROJECT
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Cost AnalysisEquipment # Months Rate / Month Cost # Months Rate / Month Cost SavingsMulti-Function Copier/Fax/Scanner
16 700.00 11,200$ 16 700.00 11,200$ -$
Standard Printer 16 4.17 67$ 16 4.17 67$ -$ Laptops 16 2400.00 38,400$ 16 2400.00 38,400$ -$ Plotter/Scanner/Central Computer
0 598.00 -$ 16 598.00 9,568$ (9,568)$
Overhead Projector 0 20.83 -$ 16 20.83 333$ (333)$ Dual Monitor Display 0 36.46 -$ 16 36.46 583$ (583)$ TOTAL 49,667$ 60,151$ (10,485)$
Blueprinting Cost Cost Savings15-0410 (Butte - Library vs. Butte - IA) 41,855$ 3,041$ 38,814$ TOTAL 41,855$ 3,041$ 38,814$
Postage/FedEx Cost Cost Savings15-250 (Butte - Library vs. Butte - IA) 3,577$ 3,467$ 110$ TOTAL 3,577$ 3,467$ 110$
CONVENTIONAL PROJECT PAPERLESS PROJECT
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Cost AnalysisSubmittals Cost Cost Savings
TOTAL 23,438$ 7,813$ 15,625$
RFI's Cost Cost SavingsTOTAL 375$ -$ 375$
Meeting Minutes Cost Cost SavingsTOTAL 1,500$ -$ 1,500$
General Filing Cost Cost SavingsTOTAL 3,234$ 3,047$ 188$
Equipment Cost Cost SavingsTOTAL 49,667$ 60,151$ (10,485)$
Blueprinting Cost Cost SavingsTOTAL 41,855$ 3,041$ 38,814$
Postage/FedEx Cost Cost SavingsTOTAL 3,577$ 3,467$ 110$
Total Paperless Savings (DPR Direct & Indirect Costs) 46,126.83$
CONVENTIONAL PROJECT PAPERLESS PROJECT
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Environmental Impact Assumptions
Energy usage numbers for the paperless project are specific to the equipment used at the Butte College jobsite. The conventional jobsite comparison assumes a typical DPR jobsite setup
Environmental impact analysis does not include affects from transportation of materials due to insufficient information
1.45 lbs CO2 / kW – Instruction for Forms EIA-1605, Voluntary Reporting of Greenhouse Gases, Energy Information Administration, US Department of Energy
14 lbs CO2 / ream of paper– Environmental impact estimates were made using the Environmental Defense Fund Paper Calculator. For more information visit
http://www.papercalculator.org.
1 car emits 11,450 lbs CO2 per year– Emission Facts EPA420-F-00-013 http://www.epa.gov/otaq/consumer/f00013.htm
1 tree can produce 173 reams of paper
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CONVENTIONAL PROJECT PAPERLESS PROJECTEnergy Consumption Kw Hours CO2 Lbs/KwH Total CO2
LbsKw Hours CO2 Lbs/KwH Total CO2
LbsMulti-Function Copier/Fax/Scanner: Canon irc3200 (Max)
1.50 667 0.145 145.0000 1.50 667 0.145 145.0000
Multi-Function Copier/Fax/Scanner: Canon irc3200 (Standby)
0.05 7333 0.145 51.0400 0.05 7333 0.145 51.0400
Standard Printer: HP Laserjet 4000 (Max)
0.58 667 0.145 56.0667 0.58 167 0.145 14.0167
Standard Printer: HP Laserjet 4000 (Standby)
0.02 7333 0.145 22.3300 0.02 7833 0.145 23.8525
Laptop: (4) Dell Latitude D820 0.16 2667 0.145 61.8667 0.16 2667 0.145 61.8667Plotter/Scanner/Central Computer 0.145 0.14536" Scanner: Graphtec SK-200-09 (Max)
0.06 0 0.145 0.0000 0.06 333 0.145 2.9000
36" Scanner: Graphtec SK-200-09 (Standby)
0.01 0 0.145 0.0000 0.01 7667 0.145 13.3400
Touchscreen Monitor: Planar PT1510MX (Max)
0.03 0 0.145 0.0000 0.03 333 0.145 1.4500
Touchscreen Monitor: Planar PT1510MX (Standby)
0.01 0 0.145 0.0000 0.01 7667 0.145 5.5583
Central Computer 0.04 0 0.145 0.0000 0.04 8000 0.145 46.4000Overhead Projector: Infocus LP70 0.16 0 0.145 0.0000 0.15 333 0.145 7.2500Dual Monitor Display: (8) Acer x24w 0.18 0 0.145 0.0000 0.71 2667 0.145 275.3067Data Center Consumption (Prolog Website)
0.73 0 0.145 0.0000 0.73 8000 0.145 842.0440
Jobsite Routing Equipment 0.145 0.145UPS: APC Smart UPS 750XL 0.60 8000 0.145 696.0000 0.60 8000 0.145 696.0000Sonicwall T2 170 0.01 8000 0.145 10.9040 0.01 8000 0.145 10.9040Linksys SR216 0.02 8000 0.145 19.1400 0.02 8000 0.145 19.1400HP Switch 2626 J4900B 0.10 8000 0.145 116.0000 0.10 8000 0.145 116.0000TOTAL 336.3033 1490.0248
Environmental Impact
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Environmental ImpactCONVENTIONAL PROJECT PAPERLESS PROJECT
Paper Consumption # Reams CO2/Ream Total CO2 # Reams CO2/Ream Total CO2 SavingsSubmittals 36.00 14.00 504.00 0.00 14.00 0.00 504.00RFI's 0.90 14.00 12.60 0.00 14.00 0.00 12.60Emails 6.00 14.00 84.00 0.00 14.00 0.00 84.00Meeting Minutes 30.00 14.00 420.00 0.00 14.00 0.00 420.00Billings 0.00 14.00 0.00 0.00 14.00 0.00 0.00Change Orders 0.00 14.00 0.00 0.00 14.00 0.00 0.00TOTAL 1020.60 0.00 1020.60
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Environmental ImpactCONVENTIONAL PROJECT PAPERLESS PROJECT
Energy Consumption Kw Hours CO2 Ton/
Total CO2 Lbs Hours
CO2
Total CO2 Lbs Savings
TOTAL 0.1682 0.7450 -0.5769
Paper Consumption # Reams CO2/ReamTotal CO2 # ReamsCO2/ReamTotal CO2 SavingsTOTAL 1020.60 0 1020.60
CO2 Saved 1020.02 poundsCO2 saved in number of cars 0.1188 carsTrees saved 0.4214 trees
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Conclusions The direct and indirect costs of running a paperless jobsite
has a significant cost savings to DPR.– This cost savings can easily be had by architects, consultants,
owners, and subcontractors– There are a number of immeasurable cost savings from a
paperless project; i.e.: the ability for multiple consultants to review a document simultaneously, instant package delivery, etc.
While additional equipment will add cost to the project, the return from a significant increase in efficiency results in a net savings
Use of additional equipment on the jobsite has a minimal impact on the environment.
A reduction of the amount of paper used results in a net decrease of the jobsite’s CO2 footprint. However, the amount of CO2 reduced is minimal.
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Q & A?