Observing  the  health  of  the  ecosystem  suppor6ng  the  emerging  connected  

vehicle  system  of  systems    

Simone  Amorim  Federal  Ins+tute  of  Educa+on,  Science  and  Technology  of  Bahia    simone.amorim@i=a.edu.br  

Eduardo  Almeida    Federal  University  of  Bahia    

esa@rise.com.br      

John  D.  McGregor    Clemson  University      

johnmc@cs.clemson.edu    

speaking  

Chris6na  Chavez    Federal  University  of  Bahia    

flach@dcc.u=a.br    

 

Outline  

Introduc+on  

Health  of  the  SoS  Ecosystem    

Example  

Challenges  

Conclusion  

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Introduc+on  •  A   SoS   can   be   successful   only   if   its   cons+tuent   systems   have  

business   strategies   and   technical   roadmaps   that   are  sufficiently  aligned  

•  Our   focus   of   study   is   Ecosystems   that   interact   to   form   the  ecosystem  of  the  SoS  

•  We  address  a  plaMorm-­‐based  SoS  

•  Systems  are  managerially  and  opera+onally   independent  but  are  designed  on  a  shared  plaMorm  of  common  services  

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Health  of  the  SoS  Ecosystem    

•  The   SoS  must   an+cipate  updates   to   the   cons+tuent  systems   and   will   feedback   bug   reports   and   change  requests  to  the  appropriate  ecosystems  

•  The  health  of  this  new  ecosystem    –  The  confounding  effects  –  Inter-­‐ecosystem  dependencies  

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Health  of  the  SoS  Ecosystem    •  Produc6vity  –  The   produc+vity   of   the   ecosystem   surrounding   a   SoS   is  +ed  to  the  produc+vity  of  the  ecosystems  surrounding  the  cons+tuent  systems  

•  Niche  Crea6on  –  The   niche   crea+on   oTen   begins   in   the   ecosystem  surrounding  one  of  the  cons+tuent  systems  

–  A   new   niche   recognized   in   an   individual   system’s  ecosystem,  probably  will  be   judged  to  have   less   risk   than  at  the  SoS  level  niche  

•  Robustness    –  In   the   SoS   ecosystem   with   rela+onships   to   several  different   ecosystems,   there   are   oTen   mul+ple   possible  ways  of  providing  a  specific  feature  

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Health  of  the  SoS  Ecosystem    

•  Cohesiveness  – The   cons+tuent   systems   in   an   SoS   must   fit   well  together  

– Over  +me  the   individual  systems  evolve  and  may  require  addi+onal  glue  code  to  interoperate  

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Example  •  Connected   Vehicle   Reference   Implementa+on  Architecture  (CVRIA)    –  A   connected   vehicle   has   wireless   connec+ons   to   other  devices  

–  At  any   instant   in  +me  the  SoS   is  composed  of   interac+ng  traffic  infrastructure,  vehicles,  and  people  

 

•  Produc+vity  –  There   are   a   large   number   of   infrastructure   products  designed  to  be  compa+ble  with  the  CVRIA  

•  Niche  crea+on  –  The   CVRIA   ecosystem   is   crea+ng   a   number   of   new  research   ini+a+ves   in   the   area   of   safety   of   connected  vehicles  

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Example  

•  Robustness    – Government   ownership   of   much   of   the   traffic  infrastructure   ensures   that   the   ecosystem   will  remain  robust  further  encouraging  ac+vity  

•  Cohesiveness  – Exis+ng   traffic   regula+ons,   constraints   described  in  the  CVRIA  result  

– Society  for  Automo+ve  Engineers  (SAE)  standards  ensure  the  cohesiveness  of  this  ecosystem  

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Challenges  •  Community  Alignment    

–  Management   of   different   rules   and   behavior   standards   among   the  groups  in  the  individual  ecosystem  communi+es  

•  Management  of  Mul+ple  Markets  –  The  ecosystems  should  support  the  SoS  and  other  applica+ons  and  be  

present  in  different  markets  inside  and  outside  the  SoS    

•  Architectural  Decisions  –  Architectural  decisions  must  be  separated   into  those  that  support  all  

applica+ons   on   the   system-­‐of-­‐systems   and   those   that   support   only  those  applica+ons  within  a  single  ecosystem  

–  Management   of   all   dependencies   among   several   projects   to   sa+sfy  different  niche  markets  

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Conlcusion  

•  We   iden+fied   one   new   characteris+c   of  ecosystem  health    –  Cohesiveness  

•  Cohesiveness   reflects   the   integra+ve   nature   of  the  SoS  and  its  ecosystem  

•  Future  work    – Do  addi+onal  literature  searches    – Do   interviews   with   engineers   designing   SoS   for  recurring   use   of   specific   criteria   for   evalua+ng   the  health  of  the  ecosystems  suppor+ng  a  SoS  

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Simone  Amorim  simone.amorim@iFa.edu.br  

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