wcdma rnp indoor distribution system antenna type selection guidance-20040719-a-1.0

Product name Confidentiality levelWCDMA RNP For internal use onlyProduct version Total pages

17V100R001

WCDMA RNP Indoor Distribution System Antenna Type Selection Guidance

(For internal use only)

Prepared by: URNP-SANA Date: 2003-12-21Reviewed by: Date:Reviewed by: Date:Approved by: Date:

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.All rights reserved


For internal use only

Revision RecordDate Revision

versionDescription Author

2003-01-12 1.00 Initial transmittal Jiang Lihong

2006-05-26 All Rights Reserved of 16



Table of Content

1Overview....................................................................................................................................................81.1Scope.....................................................................................................................................................81.2Influences of Indoor Coverage..............................................................................................................8

2Solutions.....................................................................................................................................................82.1Coaxial Feeder Cable Distribution System............................................................................................8

2.1.1 Analysis of the scenario......................................................................................................102.1.2 Basic Requirements for Antennas.....................................................................................112.1.3 Status of the Existing Antennas and Antenna Type Selection......................................122.1.4 High Gain Directional Antenna Used in the Lift Well......................................................14

2.2Fiber Distribution System....................................................................................................................142.2.1 Analysis of the Scenario......................................................................................................162.2.2 Basic requirements of Antenna..........................................................................................162.2.3 Existing Antenna and Antenna Type Selection................................................................16

3Antenna Information................................................................................................................................173.1Omni Antenna Information..................................................................................................................17

3.1.1 Sanshui Shenglu..................................................................................................................173.1.2 Dongfang Lianxin.................................................................................................................17

3.2Directional Antenna.............................................................................................................................173.2.1 ANDREW...............................................................................................................................173.2.2 KATHREIN............................................................................................................................173.2.3 Sanshui Shenglu..................................................................................................................17

3.3High Gain Directional Antenna...........................................................................................................18




List of table

Table-1 Basic requirements for antenna of indoor distribution system..........................................................11Table-2 Basic requirements for directional antenna of indoor distribution system..........................................11Table-3 Basic requirements for high gain directional antenna of indoor distribution system............................12Table-4 Existing wideband omni antenna of the indoor distribution system...................................................12Table-5 Existing wideband directional antenna of the indoor distribution system...........................................13Table-6 Existing wideband log-periodical antenna of the indoor distribution system......................................14

List of figurefigure 1 Schematic diagram of coaxial feeder cable distribution system...............................................7figure 2 Structure of coaxial distribution system....................................................................................7figure 3 Example of coaxial feeder cable distribution system................................................................8figure 4 Schematic diagram of ceiling-mounted omni antenna of indoor distribution system.............11figure 5 Schematic diagram of directional panel antenna of indoor distribution system......................12figure 6 Schematic diagram of wideband log-periodical antenna of indoor distribution system..........12figure 7 Schematic diagram of fiber distribution system......................................................................13figure 8 Structure of fiber distribution system......................................................................................14




WCDMA RNP Indoor Distribution System Antenna Type Selection GuidelinesKey words: indoor distribution system, micro base station, RRU, directional antenna, WCDMA

antenna

Abstract: This document describes the selection and design of the indoor distribution system.

List of abbreviations:




1 Overview

With the development of the economy and the popularization of mobile

communication, the indoor mobile communication service usage frequency is ever

increasing. For users, a better indoor mobile communication service is required; for

the operator, the deep indoor coverage in the important buildings with high-volume

traffic is required to improve the quality of the whole network, so as to get a higher

return.

1.1 Scope

This document covers the indoor coverage solutions for the following building types:

Surface buildings (Refer to [3] for the solutions for the tunnels and subways)

Normal building blocks, with low density of traffic, which is mainly covered by

outdoor macro cellular base station.

Special buildings, including commercial office buildings with high-volume traffic

and important office buildings of governmental departments, which are covered

by special indoor distribution system to realize good indoor coverage.

1.2 Influences of Indoor Coverage 1. In the case of no indoor coverage, the users will suffer from this problem: multiple

radio signals from different outdoor macro cells are received in high bulidings, with

the average intensity being identical, which will lead to severe pilot pollution, thus the

user will always suffer Pingpong handover after accessing the network from this

area.

2. In the case of no indoor coverage within a building with high-volume traffic, the

outdoor macro cell nearby will be affected greatly because the large capacity load will

reduce the cell coverage range,This is the peculiar problem of the WCDMA system.

3. According to the above analysis, it is not practical to realize indoor coverage using

outdoor macro base stations only in the constitution process of the WCDMA

commercial network, especially in the dense urban area, a special indoor distribution

system must be built.

2 Solutions

2.1 Coaxial Feeder Cable Distribution System

For the detailed designing method and planning flow for the indoor distribution

system, refer to [4].




Applicable scenarios: commercial office building, hotel, meeting center, airport and

office building of governmental department.

figure 1 Schematic diagram of coaxial feeder cable distribution system

figure 2 Structure of coaxial distribution system

Here is an example of an indoor distribution system covering eight floors, configured

with a 3802C micro base station being the signal source and a 5W power amplifier,

and using an passitive coaxial feeder cable distribution system. The system is




composed of 7/8" feeder cables, couplers, 1/2 power distributors and ceiling-

mounted omni antennas. Each floor is covered with two antennas.

BTS

Spliter

Spliter

Spliter

Spliter

Spliter

Spliter

Spliter

15dBCoupler

15dBCoupler

10dBCoupler

10dBCoupler

Spliter7dB

Coupler

Spliter7dB

Coupler

A1

A2

A3

A4

A5

A6

A7

A8

A9

A10

A11

A12

A13

A14

A15

A16

figure 3 Example of coaxial feeder cable distribution system

2.1.1 Analysis of the scenario

1. For the indoor distribution system, wide band feeder is required, so as to avoid

feeder replacement in the case of new system addition.

2. For the operator without mobile communications system, wideband system is

recommended, as the communications systems in the future may use the existing

communication components.

3. When selecting antenna, note that the spectrum of omni-directional antenna

should include WCDMA and WLAN spectrums (as well as the communications

spectrums from 800 to 2500MHz for a better effect).

4. If the operator does not want wideband antenna, narrowband antenna can be

adopted.




5. For the indoor distribution system, diversity or antenna beam forming does not

need to be considered. In the indoor distribution system, the usage of diversity will

not be much helpful to the performance, but the cost is rather high, so it is not

recommended. As the indoor distribution system has a high antenna density, the

antenna beam forming is meaningless, so the beam forming antenna is not

recommended.

6. Vertical polarization antenna is adopted for the indoor distribution system.

7. Three type of antenna are used for indoor distribution syistem: omni antenna,

directional antenna, and high gain directional antenna.

8. Omni antenna is used at the center of the room in the ceiling-mounted mode;

directional antenna is used on the single-sided wall in the rectangular environment in

the panel mode; high gain directional antenna is used in the lift well in the log-

periodical mode.

9. Generally, the antenna used in the lift well is YAGI high gain directional antenna,

namely, in-line antenna. However, the antenna in the indoor distribution system

should be wide band, covering the available mobile communications spectrum from

800MHz to 2500MHz. So in-line antenna is not applicable here, which is only used

for the case when the operator has the WCDMA system only. Therefore, the log-

periodical antenna with especially large bandwidth is used in the lift well.

2.1.2 Basic Requirements for Antennas

2.1.2.1 Omni antennaTable-1 Basic requirements for antenna of indoor distribution system

Working frequency 800–2500 MHzGain 2dBiHorizontal beam width 360Vertical beam width 90Polarization Vertical single polarizationFront-to-back ratio NoneVSWR <1.5Downtilt NoSpecial requirements

2.1.2.2 Directional antennaTable-2 Basic requirements for directional antenna of indoor distribution system

Working frequency 800–2200 MHzGain 7dBiHorizontal beam width 90Vertical beam width 60Polarization Vertical single polarizationFront-to-back ratio >20dBVSWR <1.5Downtilt NoSpecial requirements




2.1.2.3 High gain directional antennaTable-3 Basic requirements for high gain directional antenna of indoor distribution system

Working frequency 800–2200 MHzGain 11dBiHorizontal beam width 55Vertical beam width 50Polarization Vertical single polarizationFront-to-back ratio >15dBVSWR <1.5Downtilt NoSpecial requirements

2.1.3 Status of the Existing Antennas and Antenna Type Selection

2.1.2.4 Omni antennaTable-4 Existing wideband omni antenna of the indoor distribution system

Type Frequency range Description Angle of deflection

Gain Supplier

800 10137 876-960/1710-2500MHz Vertical polarization

ceiling-mounted

antenna, N female

connector

360° 2dBi KATHREIN

TS-IAOMT-

800/2400

806-960/1420-2400MHz Vertical polarization

ceiling-mounted

antenna, N female

connector

360° 2dBi Dongfang Lianxin

TQJ-SA800/2500-3 824-960/ 1710-2500MHz Vertical polarization

ceiling-mounted

antenna, N female

connector

360° 2dBi Sanshui Shenglu




figure 4 Schematic diagram of ceiling-mounted omni antenna of indoor distribution system

2.1.2.5 Directional antennaTable-5 Existing wideband directional antenna of the indoor distribution system


Gain Supplier

742 149 824-960/1710-2170 MHz Vertical polarization

panel antenna, N

female connector

90° 7 dBi KATHREIN

TDJ-

SA800/2000-7-

90

824-960/1710-2170MHz Vertical polarization

panel antenna, N

female connector

90° 7dBi Sanshui Shenglu

AVM0918-0857-

00SF

870-960/1710-2170 MHz Vertical polarization

panel antenna, N

female connector

90° 7 dBi ANDREW

figure 5 Schematic diagram of directional panel antenna of indoor distribution system

2.1.4 High Gain Directional Antenna Used in the Lift WellTable-6 Existing wideband log-periodical antenna of the indoor distribution system


Gain Supplier

742192 806–2170 MHz Vertical log-periodical

antenna DIN female

connector

50 11

dBi

KATHREIN




figure 6 Schematic diagram of wideband log-periodical antenna of indoor distribution system

2.2 Fiber Distribution System

To avoid loss in the remote feeder cable transmission, the fiber distribution scheme

can be used, which can decrease the loss of the allocated radio frequency signal in

the remote transmission. The optical master unit (MU), placed at the signaling

source, converts the radio frequency small signal of the signal source into optical

signal. Then the optical signal is allocated to the remote unit (RU) at the remote

antenna, and the RU amplifies the optical signal and converts them into radio

frequency signals. The MU can be connected to 24 RUs at the maximum.

The RU and MU are connected by two fibers, one for uplink and the other for

downlink. On the other hand, power supply is required for their running. The base

station is connected with the near-end unit of the fiber repeater with a coupler.

Generally, the fiber system is used when the base station and the antenna are in a

long distance, for example, in college campus and building blocks of corporation.




figure 7 Schematic diagram of fiber distribution system

figure 8 Structure of fiber distribution system

The fiber distribution system is applicable for covering scattered long-distance

buildings. It cannot be put into fullplay in ordinary buildings. It requires fiber

transmission resources, and the cost is high.

2.2.1 Analysis of the Scenario

Refer to WCDMA RAN Antenna Type Selection Repeater for the donor antenna of

repeater.

Refer to Section 2.1.1 for the indoor distribution system.

2.2.2 Basic requirements of Antenna


repeater.


2.2.3 Existing Antenna and Antenna Type Selection


repeater.





3 Antenna Information

3.1 Omni Antenna Information

3.1.1 Sanshui Shenglu

3.1.2 Dongfang Lianxin

Product type TS-IAOMT-800/2400

Frequency range (MHz) 806–960, 1420–2400

Gain (dBi) 3–6

-3dB horizontal beam angle 360°

-3dB vertical beam angle 180°

Voltage standing wave ratio <1.3

Maximum power 20

Connector N female connector

Size (mm) 65x185

Weight (kg) < 0.2

3.2 Directional Antenna

3.2.1 ANDREW

3.2.2 KATHREIN

3.2.3 Sanshui Shenglu




3.3 High Gain Directional Antenna


WCDMA NodeB 室内分布系统天线选型内部公开

[1] C. R. Anderson, T. S. Rappaport, In-Building Wideband Multipath Characteristics at 2.5 & 60

GHz, VTE. IEEE, 2002

[2] S. Y. Seidel, T. S. Rappaport, 914 MHz Path Loss Prediction Models for Indoor Wireless

Communications in Multifloored Buildings, IEEE Trans. on Ant. & Prp., Vol. 40 No.2, 1992

[3] Gu Jufeng, WCDMA RNP Solution Tunnel & Subway Coverage Solution , Department

documentation, 2002/12/31

[4] Gu Jufeng, WCDMA RNP Indoor Distribution System Design Guidance, Department


[5] Wang Mingmin, WCDMA RNP Solution Urban Coverage Solution, Department


[6] Miao Jiashu, WCDMA RNP Solution Rural Coverage, Department

documentation,2002/12/31

[7] Yang Bin, Indoor Coverage Guide, Radio Network Planning Department, 2002/04/09

[8] Gu Jufeng, WCDMA RNP Indoor Coverage Solution, Department documentation, 2002/12/31

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wcdma rnp indoor distribution system antenna type selection guidance-20040719-a-1.0

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