huawei wcdma rnp repeater planning guide

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Wireless Curriculum Development Section Wireless Curriculum Development Section ISSUE ISSUE OWJ101105 WCDMA RNP OWJ101105 WCDMA RNP Repeater Planning Repeater Planning 1.0 1.0

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Page 1: Huawei WCDMA RNP Repeater Planning Guide

Wireless Curriculum Development SectionWireless Curriculum Development SectionWireless Curriculum Development SectionWireless Curriculum Development Section

ISSUEISSUE

OWJ101105 WCDMA RNP OWJ101105 WCDMA RNP Repeater PlanningRepeater Planning

OWJ101105 WCDMA RNP OWJ101105 WCDMA RNP Repeater PlanningRepeater Planning

1.01.0

Page 2: Huawei WCDMA RNP Repeater Planning Guide

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ReviewReview

repeaters are mainly used in areas where it is

difficult to extend the coverage, or used as a

low-cost solution for network construction.

This Slide first of all describes Repeater

types and main parameters, and then

discusses Repeater application planning and

analyses repeater application problems

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ObjectivesObjectives

Repeater types and main parameters.

How to plan the application of

Repeater.

How to analyze repeater application

problems.

Upon completion of this course,you will be able to:

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Course ContentsCourse Contents

Introduction

Repeater Types and Main Parameters

Repeater Application Planning

Analysis of Repeater Application Problems

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IntroductionIntroduction

Repeater has always been one of the methods to solve

special coverage in radio network applications.

Functionally it is an RF signal power amplifier. Repeaters

are used in microwave, GSM and CDMA system. In

general, repeaters are mainly used in areas where it is

difficult to extend the coverage, or used as a low-cost

solution for network construction.

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IntroductionIntroduction

An RF repeater system includes a donor antenna for

communication with the donor NodeB, a repeater for filtering

and amplifying uplink and downlink signals and a service

antenna for transmitting and receiving subscriber signals within

repeater coverage area.

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IntroductionIntroduction

These slides mainly include three parts:

Repeater types and main parameters: repeater main types, base

working principle and main parameters.

Repeater application planning: major application occasions,

analysis of major characteristics, antenna selection and installation,

site selection, neighbor cell planning and handover planning.

Analysis of repeater application problems: influences on network,

location service, RRM algorithms and repeater co-existence with

other systems.

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Course ContentsCourse Contents

Introduction

Repeater Types and Main Parameters

Repeater Application Planning

Analysis of Repeater Application Problems

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Repeater Types and Main ParametersRepeater Types and Main Parameters

Based on the transmission link modes between NodeBs and

repeaters, repeaters can be classified into the following two types:

RF repeater

Optical fiber repeater

Based on the working channel bandwidth, repeaters can be

classified into the following two types:

Wideband repeater

Frequency selection repeater

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Repeater Types and Main ParametersRepeater Types and Main Parameters

RF repeater basic working principle:

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Repeater Types and Main ParametersRepeater Types and Main Parameters

RF repeater characteristics: An RF repeater communicates with the donor NodeB through space

signal propagation, and no land transmission resources are

required;

There should be enough isolation between the donor antenna and

the service antenna, otherwise self-excitation will occur;

Due to the antenna isolation requirement, the rated maximum

transmit power is relatively low.

Avoid service antenna signals leaking into the donor antenna, a

directional antenna is usually adopted for outdoor coverage;

Signal around donor antenna should be relatively pure and stable

(line-of-sight transmission is satisfied and there is no big signal

fluctuation).

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Repeater Types and Main ParametersRepeater Types and Main Parameters

Fiber optical repeater basic working principle:

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Repeater Types and Main ParametersRepeater Types and Main Parameters

Fiber optical repeater characteristics:

An optical fiber repeater communicates with the donor NodeB via

optical fiber, so optical transmission resources are necessary;

An optical fiber repeater does not require antenna isolation;

The rated maximum transmit power of an optical fiber repeater is

relatively high

Directional antennas and omni antennas are both applicable to

optical fiber repeaters;

An optical fiber repeater implements unique selection of donor cell

signals and it can lead in dominant pilot signals to pilot pollution

areas.

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Repeater Types and Main ParametersRepeater Types and Main Parameters

List of parameters of wideband RF repeater:

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Repeater Types and Main ParametersRepeater Types and Main Parameters

Description of Major Parameters:

1. Maximum output power

The higher the output power of the repeater carrier frequency

is, the larger downlink capacity the repeater can provide.

Generally the maximum output power of an optical fiber

repeater is higher than that of an RF repeater.

2. Channel Bandwidth

The channel bandwidth of a WCDMA repeater is 1-2 carriers.

A repeater does not have to satisfy more carriers

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Repeater Types and Main ParametersRepeater Types and Main Parameters

Description of Major Parameters:

3. Repeater Processing Delay

The internal processing delay of a repeater should be as small

as possible because the delay will exert negative effects on

WCDMA location service performance. Among the repeater

parameters, the processing delay should be less than 5us.

4. Noise figure

Noise figure refers to the difference between the input signal-

to-noise ratio and the output signal-to-noise ratio. In general,

the noise figure of a WCDMA repeater should be less than

5dB.

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Repeater Types and Main ParametersRepeater Types and Main Parameters

Description of Major Parameters:

5. Characteristics of output spectrum

The output spectrum of a repeater should be close to the input

spectrum of a NodeB. If the output spectrum is not good

enough, the out-of-band suppression capability will be

insufficient. As a result, strong out-of-band emission will occur,

and thus interference will occur.

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Course ContentsCourse Contents

Introduction

Repeater Types and Main Parameters

Repeater Application Planning

Analysis of Repeater Application Problems

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Repeater Application PlanningRepeater Application Planning

Major Application Occasions of

Repeaters

Analysis of Major Characteristics

Repeater Antenna Selection and

Installation

Site Selection

Neighbor cell Planning

Repeater Handover Planning

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Repeater Application PlanningRepeater Application Planning

Major Application Occasions of Repeaters

To expand the service range and remove coverage dead

zones;

Sparsely-populated rural areas, small towns, small

residential areas, low-cost coverage solution;

Along highways, railroads and tunnels, to improve the

coverage efficiency of specific areas;

Urban indoor environments with high penetration loss;

To enhance the dominant cell signal in multi-pilot areas

to remove pilot pollution

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Repeater Application PlanningRepeater Application Planning

Major Application Occasions of

Repeaters

Analysis of Major Characteristics

Repeater Antenna Selection and

Installation

Site Selection

Neighbor cell Planning

Repeater Handover Planning

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Repeater Application PlanningRepeater Application Planning

Analysis of Noise Introduction by Repeaters

NodeB

TMA(opt)

Re

peate

r

G_AntBS

G_DonarRep

G_ServiceRep

G_RepDL&G_RepUL

L_ CableBS

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Repeater Application PlanningRepeater Application Planning

Analysis of Noise Introduction by Repeaters

Isolation between donor antennas and service antennasCL_RepDo-Ser

Path loss from the repeater to UEPLRep-UE

Path loss from the repeater to the donor NodeBDoPLBS-Rep

Noise figure of the service-end receiver of the repeaterNFRep

The downlink gain of the repeaterG_RepDL

The uplink gain of the repeaterG_RepUL

Gain of service antenna of the repeaterG_ServiceRep

Gain of donor antenna of the repeaterG_DonarRep

Feeder cable loss between the repeater and the service antennaL_CableSer-Rep

Feeder cable loss between the repeater and the donor antennaL_CableDo-Rep

The maximum uplink transmission power of the repeaterPmax_ULRep

The maximum downlink transmission power of the repeaterPmax_DLRep

The equivalent noise figure of the TTA port when a TTA is usedNFTMA

Noise figure of NodeB (top of cabinet)NFBS

NodeB antenna gainG_AntBS

Feeder cable loss from the top of cabinet to the antenna (when there is a TTA (tower top amplifier), it is

the feeder cable loss from the top of cabinet to the TTA port)L_CableBS

The maximum transmission power of NodeB (top of cabinet)PmaxBS

DescriptionSymbol

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Repeater Application PlanningRepeater Application Planning

The rise of NodeB noise figure when no TMA:

RepULRep__ BSDoCLGCLG

Where,

DoCLBS-Rep refers to the coupling loss between the antenna

connector of the NodeB and the top of cabinet on the donor side of

the repeater, and it equals to DoPLBS-Rep - G_AntBS - G_DonarRep +

L_CableDo-Rep.

BSBS

BSBSBS

BSBSBSBS

NFNFcableLCLG

NFNFcableLDoCLG

NFcableLDoCLGNFNFBSNF

Rep

RepRepUL

RepULRepRep

__1

_Rep_1

_Rep__

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Repeater Application PlanningRepeater Application Planning

Relationship between the rise of noise figure and (ΔG_CL - L_cableBS)

when NFBS =NFRep =3dB :

L_cableBS is an engineering parameter of the NodeB side, which is

unrelated to repeater installation. Therefore, when a repeater is used,

the increase of receiver floor noise of NodeB is determined by the

difference ΔG_CL (logarithm domain)

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Repeater Application PlanningRepeater Application Planning

The rise of NodeB noise figure when no TMA:

The bigger the ΔG_CL value is, accordingly the higher the uplink

gain of the corresponding repeater is or the smaller the coupling

loss between NodeB and repeater is, the bigger increase the floor

noise of the NodeB receiver will be.

ΔG_CL L_cableBS

Floor noise increase of

NodeB

3 dB 3 dB 3 dB

-3 dB 3 dB 1 dB

-6 dB 3 dB 0.5 dB

-13 dB 3 dB 0.1 dB

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Repeater Application PlanningRepeater Application Planning

The rise of NodeB noise figure when TMA:

DoCLBS-Rep refers to the coupling loss between the antenna

connector of the NodeB and the top of cabinet on the donor side of

the repeater, and it equals to DoPLBS-Rep - G_AntBS -G_DonarRep +

L_CableDo-Rep.

TMA

TMABS

TMABSTMA

NFNFCLG

NFNFDoCLG

NFDoCLGNFNFBSNF

Rep

RepRepUL

RepULRepRep

_1

Rep_1

Rep__

RepULRep__ BSDoCLGCLG

Where,

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Repeater Application PlanningRepeater Application Planning

The rise of NodeB noise figure when TMA:

Assume that the equivalent noise figure at the TTA port is also 3dB,

and the feeder cable loss between the TTA and the antenna can be

neglected

ΔG_CL Floor noise increase of NodeB

0 dB 3 dB

-6 dB 1 dB

-9 dB 0.5 dB

-16 dB 0.1 dB

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Repeater Application PlanningRepeater Application Planning

Repeater Reverse Gain Configuration:

if the floor noise increase of NodeB caused by a repeater want be

below 0.1dB, namely, the influence on the NodeB receiving

sensitivity is less than 0.1dB, ΔG_CL should be less than -16dB,

and the corresponding repeater uplink gain G_RepUL should be

16dB lower than the coupling loss DoCLBS-Rep between the NodeB

and the repeater.

G_RepUL < DoCLBS-Rep – 16dB

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Repeater Application PlanningRepeater Application Planning

Repeater Forward Gain Configuration:

Where, SENSUE and SENSBS are the receiving sensitivity of UE and

that of NodeB respectively.

PmaxBS – PmaxUE + G_RepDL - G_RepUL = SENSUE – SENSBS

Meanwhile,

GRep_DL < Pmax_DLRep – ( PmaxBS – DoPLBS-Rep)

Where, GRep_DL is the downlink gain of the repeater, Pmax_DLRep is

the maximum downlink transmit power of repeater, PmaxBS is the

maximum transmit power of the donor NodeB, and DoPLBS-Rep is the

coupling loss between repeater and NodeB.

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Repeater Application PlanningRepeater Application Planning

Isolation Requirements of Repeater:

Where, GRep is the repeater gain (in general, it is the uplink or

downlink gain value, whichever is bigger), and 15dB is the

protection margin.

GRep < Antenna Isolation – 15dB

The coupling loss between the donor antenna and the service

antenna of the repeater is called antenna isolation. If the repeater

amplification gain is greater than the antenna isolation, a positive

feedback loop will form among donor antenna->repeater->service

antenna->donor antenna, where signals are repeatedly amplified,

causing self-excitation and fault of the repeater.

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Repeater Application PlanningRepeater Application Planning

Horizontal Isolation Requirements of Repeater:

Where, d refers to the distance between the donor antenna and the

service antenna, in the unit of meter.

Gt and Gr refer to the gain in horizontal connection direction

between the two antennas, in the unit of dBi

AH = 22+20log(d /λ) – (Gt + Gr ) ( dB )

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Repeater Application PlanningRepeater Application Planning

Vertical Isolation Requirements of Repeater:

Where, g1 and g2 refer to the gain in the vertical connection

direction between the two antennas, in the unit of dBi. For specific

values, refer to the antenna parameters. In general, g1=g2=0dBi.

Av = 28+40log(d/λ) - (g1+g2) (dB)

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Repeater Application PlanningRepeater Application Planning

Barrier isolation of obstacles :

Install two sets of antennas on different walls of buildings, so as to

realize isolation by means of the walls; where we cannot realize

barrier isolation by means of the building, for example, when the

antennas are installed on the top of an iron tower, we can install

shielding net for isolation

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Repeater Application PlanningRepeater Application Planning

Major Application Occasions of

Repeaters

Analysis of Major Characteristics

Repeater Antenna Selection and

Installation

Site Selection

Neighbor cell Planning

Repeater Handover Planning

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Repeater Antenna Selection and InstallationRepeater Antenna Selection and Installation

– Select suitable antenna gain based on the specific signal condition and coverage requirement;

– Omni antennas cannot be adopted; otherwise self-excitation will occur. Antennas with high gains and narrow horizontal beams are most suitable. In general, angle-reflection antennas or log.-per. antennas are adopted to avoid introduction of unnecessary pilot signals;

– The antenna of the donor sector in the donor NodeB can adopt a cross polarization mode different from that of other sectors and the NodeBs, so that the repeater can select the pilot from the donor sector efficiently.

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Repeater Antenna Selection and InstallationRepeater Antenna Selection and Installation

– The service antenna should be selected based on different characteristics of the coverage area. If the antenna needs to cover a large area, a directional antenna for common NodeBs can be used, but the antenna must have a high gain; for tunnel coverage, we can select a Yagi antenna or a helical antenna; for indoor coverage, a specially designed indoor antenna is usually required.

– Antenna pattern: During antenna installation, the zero point of one set of antenna’s pattern should be directed to the other antenna. In general, the antennas are installed back-to-back. In this case, it is very important to select antennas with high front-to-rear ratio (over 30dB).

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Repeater Antenna Selection and InstallationRepeater Antenna Selection and Installation

– Vertical isolation: The lobes of the repeater antennas are usually narrow in the vertical direction. When the service antenna and the donor antenna are vertically installed, the zero points of their vertical patterns should be directed to each other, so good antenna isolation can be obtained .

– Environment factors: The environment around the antennas may influence antenna isolation. The environment factors include: the existence of reflectors near the front side of the antennas, the material of the tower, and the existence of shielding objects or shielding net between the donor antenna and the service antenna.

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Repeater Application PlanningRepeater Application Planning

Major Application Occasions of

Repeaters

Analysis of Major Characteristics

Repeater Antenna Selection and

Installation

Site Selection

Neighbor cell Planning

Repeater Handover Planning

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Site SelectionSite Selection

For an optical fiber repeater

– Optical fibers should be available from the site to the donor NodeB.

– The transmission delay between the site and the donor NodeB should meet the requirement, which depends on the support of the optical fiber repeater to the distance.

– The repeater site should meet the same antenna and feeder deployment requirement as for a common NodeB.

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Site SelectionSite Selection

For an RF repeater – In order to avoid big fluctuations of electric wave

propagation loss between the repeater and the donor NodeB, the site should meet the requirements for line-of-sight transmission between the repeater and the donor NodeB;

– The site should reach the receiving signal level required for the repeater equipment (-50dBm ~ -80dBm in general).

– There should be no strong same frequency carrier wave near the donor antenna except the donor NodeB, so as to prevent the repeater from amplifying signals from multiple cells.

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Site SelectionSite Selection

For an RF repeater

– The landform, building or iron tower that can provide enough isolation between the donor antenna and the service antenna is available.

– In order to avoid increased probability of hard handovers, a repeater site where the carrier quantity of the donor NodeB is equal to that of the NodeBs adjacent to the repeater.

– Preferably, there should be no other interferences nearby.

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Site SelectionSite Selection

The repeater site should be between the donor NodeB and the dead

zone. Make sure that the azimuth angle between the donor antenna

and the service antenna is not smaller than 90°

Correct sites Incorrect sites

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Site SelectionSite Selection

Avoid selecting places facing front side of buildings, the signals

have attenuated seriously and the signal strength in the back areas

is rather weak. If the repeater site is selected at the side of

buildings, signals can provide better coverage with the help of

reflection.

Correct sites Incorrect sites

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Site SelectionSite Selection

In special cases, restricted by various factors, the donor links

cannot ensure the line of sight. In such cases, a received signal

level test must be conducted to make sure that the electric wave

propagation of donor links is stable.

Carry out propagation forecast and system balance calculations

based on the survey result and determine relevant parameters

of the repeater, such as the minimum receiving level of the

donor antenna, repeater gain, the service antenna type and the

type and length of the feeder cable.

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Repeater Application PlanningRepeater Application Planning

Major Application Occasions of

Repeaters

Analysis of Major Characteristics

Repeater Antenna Selection and

Installation

Site Selection

Neighbor Cell Planning

Repeater Handover Planning

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Neighbor cell PlanningNeighbor cell Planning

In a network with repeaters, neighbor cell planning should

follow the principles of the planning for the common

NodeBs. A repeater and the existing donor sector are

regarded as the same sector, so the neighbor cell

relationships of a repeater are set in the existing donor

sector. And vice versa, if there is any NodeB adjacent to

a repeater, the neighbor cell relationships of the

repeater’s donor sector should be included in that NodeB.

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Repeater Application PlanningRepeater Application Planning

Major Application Occasions of

Repeaters

Analysis of Major Characteristics

Repeater Antenna Selection and

Installation

Site Selection

Neighbor cell Planning

Repeater Handover Planning

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Repeater Handover PlanningRepeater Handover Planning

When selecting the handover type, consider the

performance differences among softer handover, soft

handover and hard handover. We should first consider

softer handover, and then soft handover. Consider hard

handover only in special cases.

As repeaters provide coverage extension, they are

generally located at the edge of the network, where hard

handover is like to take place. If hard handover exists,

we should set the hard handover parameters to make

sure of that hard handover can be implemented timely

and efficiently.

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Course ContentsCourse Contents

Introduction

Repeater Types and Main Parameters

Repeater Application Planning

Analysis of Repeater Application Problems

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Analysis of Repeater Application ProblemsAnalysis of Repeater Application Problems

Influences on Network

Influences on Location service

Influences on RRM Algorithms

Repeater Co-existence

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Influences on NetworkInfluences on Network

1. Cell coverage influences

Thermal noise exists in the receiver of a repeater, so thermal

noise will be added in the signals amplified by the repeater. As

a result, the noise level of the donor NodeB increases, the

sensitivity of the donor NodeB receiver decreases and the

coverage radius of the donor cell is reduced.

When a repeater is added in an existing network, do not place

it at the existing coverage edge of the donor cell, but a margin

should be provided to avoid the coverage absence between

the repeater and the donor NodeB.

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Influences on NetworkInfluences on Network

A repeater can only forward signals from the donor NodeB, so

it cannot provide new capacity. However, because the use of

a repeater extend the coverage range of the entire sector, the

extension of the subscriber distribution range will accordingly

lead to the increase of the required power and the growth of

the number of subscribers.

Because a repeater casts influences on the floor noise of the

donor NodeB, the reverse link will need more power. As a

result, the interference will increase, and the capacity is

accordingly reduced.

2. Analysis of capacity influences

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Influences on NetworkInfluences on Network

As a bi-directional amplifier, a repeater can distinguish only

different frequencies, but not different scrambling code. If

multiple cell signals with the same frequency of the donor cell

signals exist around the donor antenna, an RF repeater will be

unable to distinguish them and it will forward the signals from

multiple cells to the to-be-covered area, resulting in pilot

pollution. Thus the network quality is influenced.

To avoid pilot pollution, when selecting the site of an RF

repeater, make sure that no signals from multiple cells exist

around the donor antenna. In addition, select an antenna with

high gain and narrow horizontal beam as the donor antenna.

In addition, optical fiber repeater should be used.

3. Pilot pollution

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Influences on NetworkInfluences on Network

For an RF repeater, if the repeater gain is greater than the

isolation between the donor antenna and the service antenna, a

positive feedback loop of signals will form among donor antenna -

> repeater -> service antenna -> donor antenna, resulting in self-

excitation.

To avoid self-excitation, make sure that the gain setting of an RF

repeater meets the antenna isolation requirement. In addition,

make sure that the antenna isolation of an RF repeater meets the

requirement when selecting the repeater site and installing

antennas.

4. Repeater self-excitation

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Analysis of Repeater Application ProblemsAnalysis of Repeater Application Problems

Influences on Network

Influences on Location service

Influences on RRM Algorithms

Repeater Co-existence

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Influences on Location serviceInfluences on Location service

In an OTDOA-based LCS, a UE performs location estimation by

measuring the arrival time of multiple (more than 3) UTRA

CPICHs. After a repeater is introduced, the arrival time of NodeB

downlink signals will seriously lag, so the performance of OTDOA

location method will deteriorate.

(1) For small cells (5us delay corresponds to 1.5km), signals from

repeaters can be identified and eliminated if signals with too high

delay.

(2) If a UE detects signals from over 3 NodeBs at the same time, the

signals with too high delay compared with those from other

NodeBs can be eliminated.

1. OTDOA

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Influences on Location serviceInfluences on Location service

When repeaters are used, the coverage areas of cells will

change, and therefore the location precision will be worse.

2. CELL-ID

3. A-GPS

When a repeater is used, the influence on the A-GPS location

method includes two aspects: the influence brought by frequency

drift of the repeater and the influence brought by the extra

propagation delay. Of these two aspects, the influence brought

by frequency drift is relatively smaller (frequency stability of the

repeater: 0.01ppm), and it can be neglected.

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Analysis of Repeater Application ProblemsAnalysis of Repeater Application Problems

Influences on Network

Influences on Location service

Influences on RRM Algorithms

Repeater Co-existence

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Influences on RRM Algorithms Influences on RRM Algorithms

(1)Repeater power restriction has influences on the

algorithms.

(2) When a repeater is used, change of parameters will affect

the algorithms (for example Eb/N0).

A repeater brings in new noise when amplifying and

forwarding signals, causing deterioration of the signal

quality. When a repeater is used, the uplink and downlink

Eb/N0 should be increased correspondingly.

(3) When a repeater is used, change of the original network

topological planning influences algorithms

Influences on RRM algorithms are as follows:

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Influences on RRM Algorithms Influences on RRM Algorithms

(1) Power control algorithm

(2) Admission control algorithm

(3) Congestion control algorithm

(4) Load balance algorithm

(5) Potential user control algorithm

Repeater may influence the following PRM algorithms:

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Influences on RRM Algorithms Influences on RRM Algorithms

(1)The requirement of line-of-sight transmission between the

donor antenna and the donor NodeB should be satisfied

(2) Strictly limit the application range of repeaters, it can be

used only within low-traffic coverage restricted areas.

(3) Close some algorithms for cells using repeaters (inter-

frequency load balance algorithm, potential user control

algorithm, and so on).

Corresponding solutions :

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Analysis of Repeater Application ProblemsAnalysis of Repeater Application Problems

Influences on Network

Influences on Location service

Influences on RRM Algorithms

Repeater Co-existence

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Repeater Co-existence Repeater Co-existence

The isolation between the donor antenna of repeater A of

operator A and the antenna of NodeB B of operator B must meet

the following requirement:

Uplink without considering repeater spurious

CLBSB-RepA SsIR_Target + ACGRepA – CLminRepA-UEA + CLBSB-UEB

Uplink without considering repeater spurious

PmaxRepA 39dBm, CLBSB-RepA 105dB;

39dBm > PmaxRepA 31dBm, CLBSB-RepA PmaxRepA + 66dB;

PmaxRepA < 31dBm, CLBSB-RepA 97dB.

Co-existence with UTRA FDD :

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Repeater Co-existence Repeater Co-existence

CLBSB-RepA refers to the isolation between repeater A and NodeB B,

SsIR_Target refers to the interference level to NodeB B after

repeater A is put into use (the interference level is defined as

strength of signal from UEB received by NodeB B / strength of

signal from UEB of RepA received by NodeB B),

ACGRepA refers to the adjacent channel gain of repeater A,

CLminRepA-UEA refers to the minimum coupling loss between

repeater A and UEA (In general, CLminRepA-UEA is equal to

CLminRepA-UEB ),

and CLBSB-UEB refers to the coupling loss between UEB (UE at the

place where the coupling loss of repeater A is minimum) and

NodeB B.

Co-existence with UTRA FDD :

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Repeater Co-existence Repeater Co-existence

For example

The measured minimum coupling loss between UEB and RepA is

70dB, and the measured coupling loss between UE and NodeB B

is 100dB. The repeater out-of-band gain ACGRepA is 53dB.

SsIR_Target is set as 0dB.

To make sure the system of operator B works stably, the minimum

coupling loss between the repeater donor port and NodeB B must

be:

CLBSB-RepA = SsIR_Target + ACGRepA - CLminRepA-UEA + CLBSB-UEB =

0dB + 53dB - 70dB +100dB = 83dB

Co-existence with UTRA FDD :

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Repeater Co-existence Repeater Co-existence

The isolation between the donor antenna of repeater A

of operator A and the antenna of NodeB B of operator

B must meet the following requirement:

Downlink

The isolation between the service antenna and the

NodeB antenna should be greater than 30dB, as

described in 3GCP TS 25.106.

Co-existence with UTRA FDD :

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Repeater Co-existence Repeater Co-existence

When an UTRA FDD repeater share the same site with a

TDD NodeB, the isolation between the service antenna and

the NodeB antenna should be greater than 30dB. For the

donor antenna, the isolation requirement is the same as for

the case of site sharing with an FDD NodeB.

Co-existence with UTRA TDD :

Co-existence with GSM 900 and/or DCS 1800 :

The isolation between the service antenna or the

donor antenna and the GSM or DCS antenna should

be greater than 30dB .

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