wayne lombard bspsc (hons) biokinetics, cscs (nsca) presently studying mphil biokinetics (uct essm)...
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Wayne Lombard
BSpSc (Hons) Biokinetics , CSCS (NSCA)Presently Studying MPhil Biokinetics (UCT ESSM)
Discovery High Performance Centre, Sports Science Institute of South Africa
Managing Athlete Performance:
The Science of Monitoring
Coaches Conference, UWC Cape Town, 2012
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A Paradigm Shift
Moving away from using sports science as a “one-stop-shop” Is a key into the
marriage between coaches and scientists…. By recognizing that it is now
a 24 hour 365 day a year job!
Compensation Training
Load
Intensity
Frequency
Volume
Nutrition
R&R
Why is Monitoring becoming so important?
It is a method of assessing the imbalances between training
stressors and recovery
Overtraining vs. Overreaching
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Overtraining
is a physical, behavioral, and emotional condition that occurs when the volume and intensity
of an individual's exercise exceeds their recovery capacity
OR Untreated or Long term
overreaching
Overreaching An accumulation of training and/or non-training stress resulting in a short-term
decrement in performance capacity with or without related physiological and psychological
signs and symptoms of overtraining BUT a recovery
phase allows for super- compensation to occur
Overtraining
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The summative effect of all the stressors will depend on the intensity, nature, duration and
distribution over time of the stress
This definition allows one to recognize that there are different types of stress e.g. social, psychological and
physiological.
How do we detect Overtraining?
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Science has as yet not set up a sensitive gauge of overtraining
that is non invasive, inexpensive and applicable to all athletes. Scientists tell us therefore to monitor indicators of fatigue.
Selected Indicators:
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FOUR CATEGORIESPsychological / Physiological / Biomechanical / Immunological
1. Change in mood states2. lethargy3. Insomnia4. Loss of appetite5. Impaired physical performance6. Gradual weight loss7. Poor co-ordination8. Increase in morning HR >5 beats9. Slower recovery in HR after exertion10. Heavy legs, limited recovery11. Inc/dec concentration of specific blood molecules12. Alterations in immune function
Athlete Management
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The long and short term management of
our athletes is the key to performance.
How do we ensure that we have positive
adaptations to your training prescription?
Periodisation is a plan for conditioning, based on the manipulation of VOLUME and
INTENSITY of physical work and other variables, over a specific period of time.
The goal of periodisation is to plan in advance to achieve peak performance at a specific time without overtraining or injury
Periodization helps an Athlete adapt to training demands.
Adap
tatio
n le
vel
Sub-optimal:• Diet• Recovery
management
Training Adaptation
Failure
Over Training / load
To low a load or stress on body
Alarm Stage
Periodization is Key!
Off Season(5
Months)
Pre Season
(2 Months)
In Season( 4
Months)
Active Rest
(1 Month)
Macro Cycle (1 year long)
Meso Cycle 1 Meso Cycle 2 Meso Cycle 3 Meso Cycle 4
Meso Cycle 1 Meso Cycle 2 Meso Cycle 3 Meso Cycle 41 2 7 9653 4 8 10 11 12
1 2 3 4
Micro cycles
How have we put it all together?
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AMAS Athlete Monitoring & Assessment System
“Brining Science to life”
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Integration of subjective data
compared to objective
physiological responses to exercise & recovery
Subjective Data
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Subjective Data Capturing
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Subjective Data Capturing
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Objective Data:Physiological Responses
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Heart rate monitoring
• Use of HR zones (accumulated time spent in each heart rate zone)• TRIMP• % Heart rate reserve • Orthostatic• Morning HR • Recovery heart rates• Heart rate variability
Objective Data:Physiological Responses
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Heart rate recovery
“Heart rate recovery is the rate at which heart rate decreases, usually in the first minute or two, after
moderate to heavy exercise and is a consequence of parasympathetic re activation and sympathetic
withdrawal”
(Borreson and Lambert 2007)
Objective Data:Physiological Responses
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Heart Rate Interval Monitoring System
HIMS
The HIMS is a system which quantifies training volume,
intensity and subjective feelings of fatigue in relation to
Heart rate recovery levels
Objective Data:Physiological Responses
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Practical Example
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Monitoring is to elite sport what accounting is to
business – constant, accurate and ongoing
measurement so that decision-making and training
programmes can be optimised.
27Thank You