Warm Up Research and discuss common vocabulary words. Write definitions and meanings in the box. Dwight D. Eisenhower (1953 1961) Rivalry with the Soviet Union promoted American fears of communism. How did the Cold War Intensify or get closer to a hot war? Arms Race (1950s) following World War II the United States and the Soviet Union emerged as superpowers. The U.S. and U.S.S.R. faced off in an arms race where, for nearly 50 years they competed to build the biggest and best equipped military forces. In the U.S., fear of nuclear attack prompted private citizens to build bomb shelters and worry about nuclear disaster. https://www.youtube.com /watch?v=89od_W8lMtA https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=JYKsmLHtKmM What effect did the Arms Race vs- the Soviet Union have on U.S. citizens? Go to your read-a-long page. Discuss with your partner the following question: McCarthyism ( ) term coined by political cartoonist Herbert Block (Herblock) in a 1950 cartoon in reference to Senator Joseph McCarthy (R, Wisconsin, ). The fear of communism increased throughout the 1950s; extreme opposition to communism gained the name McCarthyism from the efforts of Senator McCarthy who, in 1950, announced that communists worked in the State Department. He worked to identify known communists and accused others based on association. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n-s6xqd9T8w House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) an investigative committee of the U.S. House of Representatives created in 1938 to inquire into subversive activities in the U.S. (It was abolished in 1975.) In the mid- 1940s, the committee focused its investigations on searching for communists in the United States. Most famous for investigating Alger Hiss and for the blacklisting of many Hollywood actors. Often inaccurately associated with Joseph McCarthy, who was a Senator (not a member of the House); McCarthy chaired the Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations Humphrey Bogart & Lauren Bacall en route to HUAC Venona Papers ( ) documents from a secret joint project between the intelligence agencies of the United States and the United Kingdom to decode Soviet ciphers to reveal Americans involved in espionage. Alger Hiss in Lewisburg Federal Penitentiary Alger Hiss had secretly been a Communist while in federal service. Chambers had previously testified under oath that Hiss had never been a Communist or a spy, and Chambers would admit, under oath, to other instances where he had committed perjury under oath Example What was the goal of the HUAC and the Venona Papers? Go to your read-a-long page. Discuss with your partner the following question: At the height of the Cold War, a paranoia known as the Red Scare swept across America. Many upstanding citizens across the country were accused of being Communist or reds, and were arrested and sometimes even brought before Congress for formal hearings. A government committee known as the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) led the witch hunt. Former President Harry Truman said of HUAC. Ive said many times that the House Un-American Activities Committee in the House of Representatives was the most un-American thing in America. Why do you think Truman had such strong feelings toward this organization? Why might such an organization be dangerous? McCarthyism and the Red Scare McCarthyism Today? Domino Theory ( ) belief that if one country fell to communism, many others would follow; therefore, it was crucial for the U.S. to contain communism. What is the Domino Theory and how does it relate to the Containment Policy? How does it relate to the U.S. getting involved in the Korean War? Korean War ( ) Korea is a nation in northern Asia that was divided after World War II into North Korea, occupied by Soviet troops, and South Korea, occupied by U.S. forces. In 1950, following the withdrawal of the Soviet and U.S. troops, communist North Korea, supported by the People's Republic of China (PRC) with aid from the Soviet Union, invaded South Korea, supported by the United Nations. Public sentiment on American involvement differed greatly; some felt the United States should not be involved in the war and others felt that the United States should intervene in a decisive way to bring an end to the conflict and to the expansion of communism. A cease-fire was signed in With her brother on her back a war weary Korean girl tiredly trudges by a stalled M-26 tank, at Haengju, Korea General Douglas MacArthur, observes the naval shelling of Incheon from the USS Mt. McKinley, 15 September 1950. Korean War and its relationship to the containment policy involvement in the Korean War was primarily the result of efforts by the U.S. to contain communism. Caused by the desire to contain communism and the effect was an increased tension with the Soviet Union. U.S. troops preparing for the assault on Inchn during the Korean War, September 1950 Outcomes created more friction between the U.S. and the U.S.S.R.; there was a growing concern for the domino effect and spread of communism in Asia The Korean War resulted in dividing North Korea and South Korea at the 38th parallel; North Korea remained communist and South Korea gained sovereignty. What were the long-term effects of the division of North and South Korea? Go to your read-a-long page. Discuss with your partner the following question: Why do people call for revolutions in their countries? Have we ever and do we now take part in revolutions in other countries? Do you think that we will see a revolution in the United States? Discussion Questions RevolutionLets me introduce you to the people of the Cuban Revolution: U.S/Cuban RelationshipChe Guevara, first general to Castro, his right hand man. He was an Argentinean, Marxist, guerilla fighter. Image now represents revolution world wide. Fidel and Raul Castro Castros Cuban Revolution - The Cuban Revolution was an armed revolt conducted by Fidel Castro's 26th of July Movement and its allies against the regime of Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista. The revolution began in July 1953, and finally ousted Batista on 1 January 1959, replacing his regime with Castro's revolutionary government. Castro's government later reformed along communist lines, becoming the present Communist Party of Cuba in October Felgencio Batista FIDEL CASTRO AND NIKITA KHRUSHCHEV Why did Fidel Castros Revolution in Cuba give the United States cause for alarm? GO TO YOUR READ-A-LONG PAGE. DISCUSS WITH YOUR PARTNER THE FOLLOWING QUESTION: Hint: Look at the map