warm up 4/15 1) 1) where are dry-summer tropical climates found in the united states? a.utahc. texas...
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Warm Up 4/15Warm Up 4/151) Where are dry-summer tropical climates found in
the United States?a. Utah c. Texasb. Arizona d. California
2) Another name for a semi-arid climate is ____.a. steppe c. highlandb. desert d. tundra
3) The rain shadow effect is associated with ____.a. rivers c. latitudeb. mountains d. oceans
Answers: 1) d. 2) a. 3) b.
Natural Processes That Change Natural Processes That Change ClimateClimate
The presence of aerosols (volcanic ash, dust, and sulfur-The presence of aerosols (volcanic ash, dust, and sulfur-based aerosols) in the air increases the amount of solar based aerosols) in the air increases the amount of solar radiation that is reflected back into space, causing radiation that is reflected back into space, causing Earth’s lower atmosphere to coolEarth’s lower atmosphere to cool
Changes in ocean circulation (such as El NiChanges in ocean circulation (such as El Niño) also can ño) also can result in short-term climate fluctuationsresult in short-term climate fluctuations
The formation of sunspots, increased solar activity, The formation of sunspots, increased solar activity, appears to correspond with warm periods in Europe and appears to correspond with warm periods in Europe and North AmericaNorth America
Geographic changes in Earth’s land and water bodies, Geographic changes in Earth’s land and water bodies, caused by plate tectonics, cause changes in climatecaused by plate tectonics, cause changes in climate
Changes in the shape of Earth’s orbit and the tilt of Earth Changes in the shape of Earth’s orbit and the tilt of Earth on its axis are other Earth motions that affect global on its axis are other Earth motions that affect global climateclimate
Concept CheckConcept Check
Identify four natural processes that can result Identify four natural processes that can result in climate changes.in climate changes.
Volcanic eruptions, changes in global ocean Volcanic eruptions, changes in global ocean circulation, solar activity, and certain Earth circulation, solar activity, and certain Earth motions can cause changes in climate.motions can cause changes in climate.
The Greenhouse EffectThe Greenhouse Effect Greenhouse Effect –Greenhouse Effect – a natural warming of both a natural warming of both
Earth’s lower atmosphere and Earth’s surfaceEarth’s lower atmosphere and Earth’s surface The major gases involved in the greenhouse effect The major gases involved in the greenhouse effect
are water vapor and carbon dioxideare water vapor and carbon dioxide The greenhouse gases are transparent to incoming The greenhouse gases are transparent to incoming
solar radiation, but are good absorbers of Earth’s solar radiation, but are good absorbers of Earth’s radiationradiation
The gases maintain warm temperatures in the lower The gases maintain warm temperatures in the lower atmosphere, making Earth habitable for living thingsatmosphere, making Earth habitable for living things
Studies indicate that human activity over the past Studies indicate that human activity over the past 200 years have strengthened this effect200 years have strengthened this effect
Global WarmingGlobal Warming Global Warming –Global Warming – global temperatures increasing as a global temperatures increasing as a
result of increases in carbon dioxide levels, as well as result of increases in carbon dioxide levels, as well as other greenhouse gasesother greenhouse gases
Scientists base their predictions about global warming on Scientists base their predictions about global warming on computer models of change in Earth’s atmosphere, computer models of change in Earth’s atmosphere, called climate modelscalled climate models
Warmer surface temperatures increase evaporation rates, Warmer surface temperatures increase evaporation rates, increasing the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, increasing the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere, therefore magnifying the effect of carbon dioxide and therefore magnifying the effect of carbon dioxide and other gasesother gases
Temperature increases will cause sea ice to melt, a big Temperature increases will cause sea ice to melt, a big reflector of solar energy, causing more solar energy to be reflector of solar energy, causing more solar energy to be absorbed at the surfaceabsorbed at the surface
Scientists predict more intense heat waves and droughts Scientists predict more intense heat waves and droughts in some regions and fewer such events in other placesin some regions and fewer such events in other places
Concept CheckConcept Check
What are some of the possible effects of global What are some of the possible effects of global warming?warming?
Short-term and long-term changes in Short-term and long-term changes in temperature and precipitation patterns that can temperature and precipitation patterns that can result in both wetter-than-normal periods and result in both wetter-than-normal periods and drier-than-normal periods; a rise in sea level; drier-than-normal periods; a rise in sea level; an increase in shoreline erosionan increase in shoreline erosion
AssignmentAssignment
Read Chapter 21, Section 3 (pg. 600-603)Read Chapter 21, Section 3 (pg. 600-603) Do Chapter 21 Assessment #1-32 (pg. 609-610)Do Chapter 21 Assessment #1-32 (pg. 609-610) For Section 3: #’s 4, 5, 17-20, 30-32For Section 3: #’s 4, 5, 17-20, 30-32 Study for the Meteorology Unit Test and Study for the Meteorology Unit Test and
Quarter 3 Benchmark!!!Quarter 3 Benchmark!!! Put together 15 lectures (including this one) and Put together 15 lectures (including this one) and
10 warm ups (they should be on the same page 10 warm ups (they should be on the same page as your lectures!)as your lectures!)