walkability & health in china
TRANSCRIPT
Mariela Alfonzo, Ph.D.Fulbright Senior Research Scholar, Shanghai, China
Founder, State of Place™Assistant Research Professor, NYU-Poly
www.stateofplace.orgULI Shanghai, China
March 6th, 2014
Walkability & Health in China
#ULIWalkabilityWeek
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0%
20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
DENSITY
FORMCONNECTIVIT
YPROXIMITY
PARKS & PUBLIC SPACES
RECREATIONAL FACILITIESPEDESTRIAN
AMENITIESTRAFFIC SAFETY
BICYCLE AMENITIES
AESTHETICS
PERSONAL SAFETY
URBAN FABRIC
DESTINATIONS
HUMAN NEEDS & COMFORT
LIVELINESS & UPKEEP
State of Place™ Profile
0%
20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
DENSITY
FORMCONNECTIVIT
YPROXIMITY
PARKS & PUBLIC SPACES
RECREATIONAL FACILITIESPEDESTRIAN
AMENITIESTRAFFIC SAFETY
BICYCLE AMENITIES
AESTHETICS
PERSONAL SAFETY
URBAN
FABRICDESTINATIONS
HUMAN NEEDS & COMFORT
LIVELINESS & UPKEEP
State of Place™ Profile
DensityBuilding concentrations & height
FormStreetscape continuity
ConnectivityAccess, barriers, scale
0%
20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
DENSITY
FORMCONNECTIVIT
YPROXIMITY
PARKS & PUBLIC SPACES
RECREATIONAL FACILITIESPEDESTRIAN
AMENITIESTRAFFIC SAFETY
BICYCLE AMENITIES
AESTHETICS
PERSONAL SAFETY
URBAN FABRIC
DESTINATIONS
HUMAN NEEDS & COMFORT
LIVELINESS & UPKEEP
State of Place™ Profile
ProximityMix of land uses
Parks & Public SpaceParks, playgrounds, plazas
Recreational FacilitiesGyms, fitness centers, outdoor recreation
Photo Credit Bill Cotter
0%
20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
DENSITY
FORMCONNECTIVIT
YPROXIMITY
PARKS & PUBLIC SPACES
RECREATIONAL FACILITIESPEDESTRIAN
AMENITIESTRAFFIC SAFETY
BICYCLE AMENITIES
AESTHETICS
PERSONAL SAFETY
URBAN FABRIC
DESTINATIONS
HUMAN NEEDS & COMFORTLIVELINESS &
UPKEEP
State of Place™ Profile
Pedestrian Infrastructure & AmenitiesCurbcuts, sidewalk buffers, benches
Bicycle Infrastructure & AmenitiesBicycle lanes, buffers, bike racks
Traffic SafetyTraffic signals, speed limit, traffic calming
0%
20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
DENSITY
FORMCONNECTIVIT
YPROXIMITY
PARKS & PUBLIC SPACES
RECREATIONAL FACILITIESPEDESTRIAN
AMENITIESTRAFFIC SAFETY
BICYCLE AMENITIES
AESTHETICS
PERSONAL SAFETY
URBAN FABRIC
DESTINATIONS
HUMAN NEEDS & COMFORT
LIVELINESS &
UPKEEP
State of Place™ Profile
AestheticsPleasurability, maintenance
Personal SafetyGraffiti, litter, windows with bars
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Walkability
Walkability
63%
1986 2009
SH
AR
E O
F TR
IPS
BY B
IKE
18%
housing construction
18B SQ M 2000 –
= 5M
2014
1982 = 3,428
1990 – 2004
BUILT OUT AREA
DENSITY
Communities
162% 67%
80%
2007
GATED
12%
DIABETES IN CHINA
2013
1%
1980
50%2013
PRE-DIABETES
63%
2004 2010
EM
ISS
ION
S per capitaCHINA’SEMISSION RATE
1/3TOPof emitters
AIR POLLUTION
IN 2010 RESPONSIBLE FOR
1.2 Million DEATHS 8YOUNGEST
LUNG CANCER
PATIENT ON RECORD
YRS OLD
$18.3B
INCOME LOSSof
HEART DISEASE, STROKE & DIABETES
IN CHINAdue to
IN 2005 ALONE
RESIDENTS2.5B
500M
YRS LIFE EXPECTANCY
IN 2009
9%
GROSS
NATIONAL
INCOME
DUE TO ENVIRONMENTAL
DEGRADATION
LOSS OF
State of Place Index: 90, Very High Walkability
State of Place Index: 5, Very Low Walkability
+ $36 sq ft Office Rents+ $28 sq ft Retail Rents+80% Retail Revenues
+ $1200/Unit Residential Rent+$324 sq ft For-sale Residential Value
Healthy Places
Walkability
0%
20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
DENSITY
FORM
CONNECTIVITY
PROXIMITY
PARKS & PUBLIC SPACES
RECREATIONAL FACILITIES
PEDESTRIAN AMENITIES
TRAFFIC SAFETY
BICYCLE AMENITIES
AESTHETICS
PERSONAL SAFETY
State of Place™ ProfileR
OI
Hig
hLow
Med
ium
The Bygone Pedestrian
Low Connectivity:Physical Barriers
Low Connectivity:Scale & Psychological Barriers
Traffic Safety?Cars Gone Wild
Lack of Pedestrian Amenities:A Planning Afterthought
Bad Form
But there IS Life between Buildings:
The Pedestrian Persists…
Ped & Bike Amenities
Parks & Public Spaces
Spectacle - PleasurabilityPeople watching
you watching people
Dancing - PleasurabilityCoordinated walkability
PleasurabilityFood is the Life of the Party!
PleasurabilityAnimated Streets
New Forms
Solutions?
Land Lease as significant source of city revenues
City Center
The “Peking”
Order
e
Sun Worshiping
Fenced In
By the BOOK
Theory
Practice
Too Many Cooks
Accountability?
Fixing what “ain’t” broke!
All that Glitters is Gold
Lack of Awareness
U.S.
In last decade
CHINAhas added
2/3 of
population
will have
Chinese cities221
over1 million ppl
By 2025 CHINA NEEDS
170 new mass-transit
5B new sq.m. of roads
40B new sq.m. of floor space
Reject “Mei Ban Fa”
Everyone is a Pedestrian…
Shanghai Walk & Talks: www.meetup.com/shanghai-walk-talks
www.stateofplace.org
#ULIWalkabilityWeek