volume 103, no. 52 weekly ... › usda... · 12/28/2016 · 6 weekly weather and crop bulletin...
TRANSCRIPT
Volume 103, No. 52 http://www.usda.gov/oce/weather December 28, 2016
(Continued on page 3)
Contents
Extreme Maximum & Minimum Temperature Maps ....... 2 Temperature Departure Map .......................................... 3 December 20 Drought Monitor & Snow Cover Map ....... 4 U.S. Winter Wheat Areas Experiencing Drought & December 18 Satellite Image of Snow Cover ........... 5 National Weather Data for Selected Cities ..................... 6 National Agricultural Summary ....................................... 9 International Weather and Crop Summary ................... 10 2016 Bulletin Index ..................................................... 20 Bulletin Information & Snow Cover Map ....................... 22
WEEKLY WEATHER AND CROP BULLETIN
he week began in the midst of a sharp but short-lived cold snap that resulted in sub-zero temperatures as far
south as the panhandles of Texas and Oklahoma and readings below -30°F in eastern South Dakota and environs. Later, fast-moving storms brought changeable weather to many parts of the country, including significant precipitation in parts of the eastern and western U.S. Toward week’s end, a Western storm produced heavy precipitation from California into the Southwest—and later resulted in a holiday blizzard across the north-
T
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Weather Service
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURENational Agricultural Statistics Service and World Agricultural Outlook Board
HIGHLIGHTS December 18 – 24, 2016
Highlights provided by USDA/WAOB
2 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin December 28, 2016
December 28, 2016 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 3 (Continued from front cover) central U.S. Earlier, light snow had blanketed the central Plains in advance of the Arctic outbreak. The snow, while shallow, helped to provide drought-stressed winter wheat with some moisture and insulation in advance of the brief round of sub-zero temperatures. Meanwhile, the Southeast continued to experience varying degrees of drought relief, although streaks of significant rain notably bypassed core drought areas in northern and central Alabama and northern Georgia. In addition, Florida’s peninsula received little rain, exacerbating the effects of short-term dryness. Weekly temperatures were largely balanced by the early-week cold outbreak and a quick return to mild conditions. However, frigid air never reached the southern Atlantic States, where weekly temperatures averaged at least 5°F above normal. In contrast, cold air remained trapped across the interior Northwest, holding temperatures as much as 10 to 15°F below normal. The Arctic outbreak peaked on December 17-18, with numerous locations reporting daily-record lows just before midnight on the 17th and again before daybreak on the 18th. In South Dakota, consecutive records on those dates were set in locations such as Aberdeen (-32 and -37°F); Watertown (-29 and -37°F); and Mobridge (-28 and -26°F). Other places on the Plains setting consecutive record lows included Valentine, NE (-27 and -31°F); Pueblo, CO (-19°F both days); Tribune, KS (-14 and -13°F); and Dalhart, TX (0 and -8°F). Valentine’s reading marked the lowest temperature in that location since February 9, 1994, when it was also -31°F. Dalhart’s record-setting lows followed a daily-record high of 73°F on December 16. Similarly, and elsewhere in Texas, December 16 daily-record highs of 85°F in Childress, 78°F in Lubbock, and 76°F in Borger were followed 2 days later by daily-record lows of 7°F, 4°F, and -3°F, respectively. By December 19, cold air invaded much of California, where daily-record lows dipped to 21°F in Barstow-Daggett; 32°F in San Rafael; and 33°F in Oakland. Additional California records were set on December 20 in Lancaster (10°F) and Santa Barbara (30°F). Sub-zero readings spread as far south and east as the lower Great Lakes States, where record-setting lows in Indiana for December 19 included -14°F in South Bend and -9°F in Fort Wayne. In stark contrast, warmth lingered across the lower Southeast. Fort Myers, FL, posted a monthly record high of 91°F on December 19, surpassing the standard of 90°F established on December 7 and 8, 1978. On December 18-19, consecutive daily-record highs were broken in Florida locations such as Lakeland (89 and 87°F) and Tampa (84°F both days). Following a few cooler days, record-setting warmth returned to the Southeast. On Christmas Eve, daily-record highs climbed to 88°F in Fort Myers and 85°F in Tampa. Other record-setting highs for December 24 included 81°F in Beaumont-Port Arthur, TX, and 80°F in New Iberia, LA.
A strong cold front crossed the East early in the week, contributing to a daily-record total of 1.20 inches in Williamsport, PA, on December 18. Scattered showers across Florida’s peninsula produced a daily-record sum (1.13 inches on December 19) in Orlando. Meanwhile, winds increased across the West in advance of Pacific storminess. On the 19th, gusts were clocked to 62 mph in Casper, WY, and 66 mph near Great Falls, MT, at Malmstrom Air Force Base. By December 22, rain and high-elevation snow arrived in southern California and the Southwest. In Colorado, Alamosa set records on the 22nd for precipitation (0.36 inch) and snowfall (4.2 inches). A separate storm arrived in California on December 23, more broadly delivering Western precipitation. Daily-record amounts for the 23rd reached 1.41 inches in Santa Barbara, CA, and 1.05 inches in Medford, OR. Farther inland, record-setting totals for December 24 included 0.54 inch in Ely, NV, and 0.53 inch in Cedar City, UT. Flagstaff, AZ, measured a daily-record snowfall of 10.1 inches on Christmas Eve en route to a December 24-25 storm total of 14.7 inches. Meanwhile, locally heavy showers erupted across the mid-South, where daily-record amounts for December 24 totaled 3.01 inches in Texarkana, AR, and 2.08 inches in Nashville, TN. For Nashville, it represented the first calendar-day rainfall in excess of 2 inches since February 21, 2015. Mild weather prevailed in Alaska, especially across northern and western areas. Widespread precipitation accompanied the mostly above-normal temperatures. Weekly snowfall totaled 4.1 inches in Fairbanks and 3.4 inches in Nome. Meanwhile, Kodiak received more than an inch of rain on December 18 and 24, boosting its weekly total to 2.23 inches. Farther south, Hawaii experienced warm weather. Showers were heavy at times in windward locations, including Hilo (on the Big Island), where weekly rainfall totaled 5.25 inches—aided by a 3.88-inch deluge on December 18.
4 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin December 28, 2016
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The Drought Monitor focuses on broad-scale conditions. Local conditions may vary. See accompanying text summary for forecast statements.
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http://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/
U.S. Drought Monitor December 20, 2016
Valid 7 a.m. EST(Released Thursday, Dec. 22, 2016)
Intensity:D0 Abnormally DryD1 Moderate DroughtD2 Severe DroughtD3 Extreme DroughtD4 Exceptional Drought
Author: Brad Rippey
Drought Impact Types:
S = Short-Term, typically less than 6 months (e.g. agriculture, grasslands)
L = Long-Term, typically greater than 6 months (e.g. hydrology, ecology)
Delineates dominant impacts
U.S. Department of Agriculture
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Snow DepthDecember 25, 2016
Inches120+
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0Snow analysis and data (plotted values, in inches) are provided by NOAA’s National Operational Hydrologic Remote Sensing Center (NOHRSC).
Agricultural Weather AssessmentsWorld Agricultural Outlook Board
Winter Wheat Area
December 28, 2016 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 5
A shallow blanket of snow coated winter wheat fields across the central Plains in advance of an Arctic outbreak that peaked on December 17-18. On November 27, about 3 weeks prior to the cold wave, 12 to 16% of the Plains’ wheat was rated very poor to poor from Nebraska southward, largely due to autumn drought (see above). The pre-outbreak snowfall, shown here (GOES satellite image from 11 am CST on Dec. 18), was most shallow in parts of Nebraska but nevertheless helped to protect wheat from temperatures that ranged from 0 to -30°F.
6 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin December 28, 2016
NUMBER OF DAYS
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90 A
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INC
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AL BIRMINGHAM 59 37 73 27 48 3 0.31 -0.65 0.31 1.88 56 39.81 75 89 55 0 3 1 0HUNTSVILLE 58 35 73 25 46 4 0.81 -0.40 0.81 4.34 101 42.86 76 88 55 0 4 1 1MOBILE 65 43 78 32 54 2 1.54 0.58 1.54 6.41 179 60.68 93 93 74 0 1 1 1MONTGOMERY 63 39 79 35 51 3 0.56 -0.50 0.56 3.50 90 41.02 76 83 52 0 0 1 1
AK ANCHORAGE 22 10 30 2 16 -1 0.09 -0.13 0.09 0.97 123 15.93 101 89 79 0 7 1 0BARROW 11 -5 16 -18 3 15 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.05 500 5.10 127 84 72 0 7 3 0FAIRBANKS 7 -12 12 -19 -2 5 0.03 -0.14 0.01 0.31 58 14.39 142 88 82 0 7 3 0JUNEAU 35 28 39 16 32 4 2.11 0.87 0.61 5.87 142 63.06 111 91 87 0 3 5 2KODIAK 37 24 41 22 30 0 1.99 0.23 1.15 3.62 64 81.48 111 87 70 0 7 2 2NOME 22 7 30 -2 15 7 0.16 -0.04 0.07 0.45 58 15.42 94 91 82 0 7 4 0
AZ FLAGSTAFF 41 22 52 9 32 2 2.67 2.28 1.49 3.79 283 25.17 112 92 56 0 6 4 2PHOENIX 67 49 73 38 58 4 0.64 0.45 0.42 0.74 117 5.99 75 66 53 0 0 3 0PRESCOTT 52 28 57 16 40 3 1.80 1.52 1.06 2.18 232 17.03 90 92 45 0 4 4 1TUCSON 68 45 75 28 56 5 0.56 0.32 0.27 0.76 106 11.56 97 71 49 0 1 3 0
AR FORT SMITH 48 25 58 11 36 -4 0.09 -0.58 0.09 0.75 27 31.19 72 79 38 0 5 1 0LITTLE ROCK 48 28 63 12 38 -4 2.26 1.29 2.02 4.10 107 55.83 112 89 46 0 3 2 1
CA BAKERSFIELD 54 37 62 30 46 0 1.10 0.93 0.78 1.50 300 6.22 100 84 73 0 3 2 1FRESNO 53 33 57 30 43 -1 0.39 0.09 0.39 2.42 266 13.55 125 93 79 0 3 1 0LOS ANGELES 67 49 79 41 58 1 1.73 1.32 0.71 2.53 204 10.01 79 58 42 0 0 4 1REDDING 56 37 65 28 47 2 0.94 -0.12 0.93 6.03 179 49.36 153 76 60 0 3 2 1SACRAMENTO 53 32 60 28 43 -2 0.26 -0.28 0.26 3.59 205 22.17 129 100 56 0 5 1 0SAN DIEGO 67 52 77 41 59 2 1.80 1.50 0.79 3.12 363 9.13 88 71 52 0 0 3 2SAN FRANCISCO 56 42 62 36 49 0 0.65 0.00 0.62 4.65 226 21.41 111 76 63 0 0 2 1STOCKTON 54 32 59 27 43 -1 0.61 0.22 0.61 2.02 155 18.19 137 96 84 0 5 1 1
CO ALAMOSA 27 2 33 -14 14 -2 0.36 0.30 0.36 0.77 367 8.86 124 90 79 0 7 1 0CO SPRINGS 45 17 54 -11 31 2 0.00 -0.08 0.00 0.42 168 15.31 89 79 31 0 7 0 0DENVER INTL 44 17 57 -11 31 2 0.00 -0.06 0.00 0.78 390 12.57 93 70 42 0 7 0 0GRAND JUNCTION 37 20 52 13 28 1 0.36 0.25 0.18 0.72 218 8.82 100 90 68 0 7 3 0PUEBLO 46 13 58 -19 29 -1 0.08 0.00 0.08 0.31 119 11.46 93 82 56 0 7 1 0
CT BRIDGEPORT 43 27 53 17 35 1 0.69 -0.07 0.63 2.69 103 38.66 89 71 46 0 6 2 1HARTFORD 39 20 51 3 30 1 0.45 -0.33 0.35 2.10 77 32.09 71 78 48 0 7 2 0
DC WASHINGTON 50 31 67 26 41 3 0.56 -0.11 0.55 2.43 107 31.53 82 78 46 0 4 2 1DE WILMINGTON 47 27 62 17 37 2 0.42 -0.32 0.37 2.27 88 40.65 97 83 44 0 6 2 0FL DAYTONA BEACH 74 58 86 49 66 6 0.01 -0.58 0.01 0.64 32 44.58 92 99 66 0 0 1 0
JACKSONVILLE 70 48 83 39 59 5 0.00 -0.58 0.00 2.08 108 38.31 74 100 69 0 0 0 0KEY WEST 82 74 85 71 78 7 0.01 -0.47 0.01 0.57 36 36.17 94 95 76 0 0 1 0MIAMI 84 73 87 67 79 10 0.16 -0.30 0.15 2.33 135 65.94 114 84 62 0 0 2 0ORLANDO 79 60 88 52 70 8 1.70 1.20 1.50 2.48 140 54.25 113 92 66 0 0 2 1PENSACOLA 64 50 74 37 57 4 0.67 -0.18 0.47 5.49 187 60.49 96 88 67 0 0 2 0TALLAHASSEE 71 50 81 43 60 7 0.67 -0.25 0.64 4.09 138 59.70 96 96 65 0 0 2 1TAMPA 80 63 85 52 72 9 0.00 -0.50 0.00 0.24 14 52.37 118 89 57 0 0 0 0WEST PALM BEACH 81 70 84 62 75 7 1.07 0.48 0.55 3.43 136 51.02 84 88 67 0 0 4 1
GA ATHENS 61 37 75 25 49 5 0.14 -0.68 0.11 2.10 77 36.55 78 89 57 0 2 2 0ATLANTA 61 38 73 32 50 6 0.14 -0.67 0.14 2.20 76 37.89 77 86 56 0 1 1 0AUGUSTA 65 42 84 33 53 7 0.74 0.00 0.38 4.37 198 38.22 88 87 68 0 0 2 0COLUMBUS 63 39 76 34 51 3 0.63 -0.33 0.58 4.00 119 35.78 75 94 55 0 0 2 1MACON 64 39 81 32 51 4 1.73 0.85 1.18 5.53 191 33.27 76 95 58 0 1 2 2SAVANNAH 67 45 79 39 56 6 0.19 -0.46 0.19 4.08 208 55.23 113 89 71 0 0 1 0
HI HILO 78 66 82 64 72 0 5.60 3.53 3.02 19.20 221 127.24 102 94 85 0 0 6 3HONOLULU 83 70 86 66 76 2 0.12 -0.54 0.07 0.76 36 13.07 74 82 69 0 0 2 0KAHULUI 83 66 86 62 75 2 0.01 -0.70 0.01 4.05 184 16.32 91 82 73 0 0 1 0LIHUE 80 70 81 67 75 2 0.06 -1.01 0.03 0.96 27 13.20 34 89 79 0 0 3 0
ID BOISE 26 10 32 0 18 -12 0.72 0.44 0.38 2.00 192 8.69 73 90 77 0 7 4 0LEWISTON 36 24 46 0 30 -3 0.21 -0.01 0.19 1.32 169 14.79 119 74 63 0 7 3 0POCATELLO 29 5 43 -11 17 -8 1.99 1.77 1.81 6.67 855 19.71 161 89 82 0 7 4 1
IL CHICAGO/O'HARE 30 14 38 -13 22 -4 0.13 -0.37 0.10 1.44 74 35.63 100 82 65 0 6 2 0MOLINE 31 14 41 -13 23 -2 0.05 -0.41 0.05 0.99 59 35.83 96 77 63 0 6 1 0PEORIA 32 16 44 -6 24 -2 0.04 -0.44 0.04 0.64 32 36.66 103 89 65 0 6 1 0ROCKFORD 29 12 38 -13 21 -2 0.21 -0.21 0.19 1.59 95 35.37 98 81 68 0 6 2 0SPRINGFIELD 35 18 47 -3 27 -2 0.05 -0.49 0.05 0.65 32 42.52 121 86 62 0 6 1 0
IN EVANSVILLE 40 21 51 10 31 -3 0.62 -0.11 0.55 2.87 100 48.53 111 84 70 0 6 2 1FORT WAYNE 32 13 40 -9 22 -6 0.18 -0.41 0.14 1.43 65 36.49 101 84 63 0 6 3 0INDIANAPOLIS 36 18 44 -1 27 -3 0.20 -0.43 0.16 1.43 59 45.84 114 87 60 0 6 3 0SOUTH BEND 29 12 37 -14 20 -7 0.24 -0.42 0.15 1.76 72 46.37 119 91 71 0 6 2 0
IA BURLINGTON 31 15 44 -9 23 -3 0.01 -0.41 0.01 0.65 38 32.26 86 92 64 0 7 1 0CEDAR RAPIDS 28 12 37 -16 20 -2 0.16 -0.12 0.16 0.70 58 43.14 130 95 73 0 7 1 0DES MOINES 35 16 48 -12 25 1 0.20 -0.06 0.20 0.89 84 34.01 99 82 65 0 6 1 0DUBUQUE 27 11 36 -18 19 -2 0.21 -0.12 0.21 1.17 86 40.60 115 89 75 0 7 1 0SIOUX CITY 37 10 48 -20 24 3 0.10 -0.01 0.10 0.39 81 31.16 121 84 64 0 7 1 0WATERLOO 28 13 40 -17 21 1 0.37 0.17 0.37 1.38 153 41.29 125 84 69 0 7 1 0
KS CONCORDIA 40 15 52 -12 28 -1 0.05 -0.12 0.05 0.60 92 30.38 108 85 66 0 7 1 0DODGE CITY 44 12 58 -16 28 -4 0.00 -0.17 0.00 0.42 74 23.20 105 82 43 0 7 0 0GOODLAND 44 12 53 -13 28 -1 0.03 -0.04 0.02 0.24 96 17.02 87 78 49 0 7 2 0TOPEKA 40 14 54 -9 27 -3 0.09 -0.19 0.09 0.87 76 43.05 122 78 61 0 7 1 0
Based on 1971-2000 normals *** Not Available
TEMP. ˚F
National Weather Data for Selected CitiesWeather Data for the Week Ending December 24, 2016
Data Provided by Climate Prediction Center
PRECIPSTATES
AND STATIONS
RELATIVE HUMIDITY PERCENT
TEMPERATURE ˚F PRECIPITATION
December 28, 2016 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 7
NUMBER OF DAYS
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WICHITA 41 14 58 -10 27 -5 0.05 -0.23 0.05 0.53 51 50.47 168 82 55 0 7 1 0
KY JACKSON 49 28 67 17 38 1 2.64 1.72 1.74 4.64 137 51.38 106 88 57 0 6 3 2LEXINGTON 44 24 51 13 34 -1 1.71 0.82 0.79 4.71 152 43.56 97 83 69 0 6 3 1LOUISVILLE 42 25 50 13 33 -3 0.66 -0.13 0.49 4.66 161 42.91 98 84 55 0 6 3 0PADUCAH 42 24 52 10 33 -3 0.66 -0.26 0.56 4.38 123 51.86 107 87 55 0 5 2 1
LA BATON ROUGE 68 44 81 30 56 4 0.35 -0.82 0.33 6.53 164 86.43 140 92 54 0 2 2 0LAKE CHARLES 68 44 78 31 56 4 0.08 -0.92 0.07 8.90 259 72.73 130 91 54 0 2 2 0NEW ORLEANS 64 45 78 36 55 1 1.66 0.59 1.66 5.29 133 68.15 108 97 83 0 0 1 1SHREVEPORT 60 40 78 23 50 3 0.05 -0.95 0.04 2.93 84 58.80 117 76 39 0 3 2 0
ME CARIBOU 27 10 34 -17 18 3 0.36 -0.36 0.26 2.31 95 42.06 115 86 70 0 7 3 0PORTLAND 37 19 49 2 28 2 0.65 -0.27 0.43 3.09 94 39.89 89 83 51 0 7 3 0
MD BALTIMORE 48 27 63 19 37 2 0.48 -0.26 0.46 2.43 97 40.17 98 81 54 0 5 2 0MA BOSTON 43 28 57 18 36 3 0.51 -0.32 0.38 1.92 67 31.73 76 79 45 0 5 3 0
WORCESTER 37 22 52 10 30 2 0.74 -0.09 0.51 2.55 89 39.67 82 79 43 0 6 2 1MI ALPENA 32 20 41 1 26 3 0.18 -0.21 0.08 1.27 93 29.16 104 83 59 0 7 3 0
GRAND RAPIDS 30 19 39 6 25 -1 0.27 -0.27 0.22 2.14 97 45.68 125 86 58 0 6 3 0HOUGHTON LAKE 29 16 37 -3 23 1 0.25 -0.11 0.18 1.70 128 33.20 118 86 70 0 7 3 0LANSING 30 19 39 8 25 -1 0.15 -0.29 0.09 1.72 98 34.90 112 75 61 0 6 2 0MUSKEGON 35 26 40 13 31 4 0.38 -0.17 0.34 2.04 98 39.37 122 81 69 0 4 3 0TRAVERSE CITY 34 23 42 9 29 4 0.12 -0.46 0.08 0.99 50 29.83 91 83 62 0 6 3 0
MN DULUTH 28 10 39 -21 19 7 0.04 -0.11 0.02 0.87 116 32.46 105 84 70 0 7 2 0INT'L FALLS 27 3 41 -30 15 8 0.27 0.15 0.19 1.04 196 28.19 119 84 64 0 7 3 0MINNEAPOLIS 31 16 41 -20 24 7 0.10 -0.09 0.10 1.21 157 39.38 135 79 63 0 5 1 0ROCHESTER 27 13 37 -25 20 4 0.19 0.01 0.19 1.48 183 42.96 138 90 75 0 7 1 0ST. CLOUD 29 9 39 -28 19 6 0.05 -0.09 0.05 0.79 152 33.07 123 91 64 0 7 1 0
MS JACKSON 63 37 79 25 50 3 1.20 0.02 1.16 4.54 111 62.18 114 92 56 0 3 2 1MERIDIAN 62 35 75 27 49 1 0.31 -0.85 0.31 2.74 67 44.57 78 94 65 0 4 1 0TUPELO 57 33 79 21 45 3 0.00 -1.37 0.00 3.06 65 44.42 82 86 51 0 5 0 0
MO COLUMBIA 36 18 51 -2 27 -4 0.17 -0.32 0.17 0.73 36 39.79 100 84 54 0 5 1 0KANSAS CITY 35 16 49 -9 26 -4 0.04 -0.28 0.04 0.90 68 48.36 128 80 58 0 7 1 0SAINT LOUIS 40 22 54 3 31 -2 0.19 -0.38 0.19 0.55 24 40.84 107 69 54 0 4 1 0SPRINGFIELD 42 21 54 1 32 -3 0.11 -0.50 0.11 0.38 14 36.01 81 78 57 0 5 1 0
MT BILLINGS 31 16 41 -3 24 -1 0.02 -0.12 0.02 1.33 302 14.55 100 62 48 0 7 1 0BUTTE 28 -2 40 -21 13 -4 0.04 -0.07 0.04 0.38 100 10.54 83 84 54 0 7 1 0CUT BANK 33 17 46 6 25 4 0.03 -0.03 0.02 0.04 21 10.89 88 78 51 0 7 2 0GLASGOW 33 12 41 -12 23 9 0.00 -0.08 0.00 0.35 159 20.92 189 75 63 0 7 0 0GREAT FALLS 33 20 42 6 27 3 0.28 0.13 0.27 0.85 193 14.41 98 72 48 0 7 2 0HAVRE 34 19 41 7 27 9 0.03 -0.08 0.03 0.47 138 19.28 171 72 66 0 7 1 0MISSOULA 27 7 41 -10 17 -6 0.55 0.30 0.41 1.51 180 14.03 104 88 81 0 7 4 0
NE GRAND ISLAND 41 13 51 -15 27 2 0.23 0.12 0.22 0.35 67 23.77 92 87 57 0 7 2 0LINCOLN 38 13 51 -12 25 0 0.12 -0.03 0.12 0.66 99 28.94 103 85 64 0 7 1 0NORFOLK 37 11 46 -24 24 1 0.01 -0.10 0.01 0.24 46 30.82 116 80 55 0 7 1 0NORTH PLATTE 46 5 51 -16 26 1 0.00 -0.08 0.00 0.05 17 22.48 115 83 33 0 7 0 0OMAHA 37 15 52 -11 26 2 0.13 -0.03 0.13 0.64 86 33.82 113 79 64 0 7 1 0SCOTTSBLUFF 44 9 51 -23 27 2 0.00 -0.11 0.00 0.25 61 15.43 95 73 48 0 7 0 0VALENTINE 38 4 48 -31 21 -2 0.00 -0.06 0.00 0.44 183 27.68 142 72 51 0 7 0 0
NV ELY 38 12 54 -7 25 0 0.55 0.44 0.54 1.04 335 11.21 115 85 67 0 7 2 1LAS VEGAS 54 38 57 30 46 0 0.82 0.74 0.58 0.82 328 4.76 110 55 40 0 3 3 1RENO 42 25 51 17 33 0 0.18 -0.01 0.15 1.21 183 9.04 125 85 64 0 6 2 0WINNEMUCCA 37 14 44 6 26 -3 0.28 0.11 0.24 2.27 398 9.44 117 92 72 0 7 2 0
NH CONCORD 39 12 53 -9 26 2 0.41 -0.22 0.27 2.40 105 32.17 87 83 48 0 7 3 0NJ NEWARK 44 28 59 18 36 1 0.56 -0.20 0.49 2.44 90 38.74 85 70 46 0 5 2 0NM ALBUQUERQUE 48 28 56 21 38 3 0.33 0.22 0.28 0.48 155 6.65 72 78 40 0 5 2 0NY ALBANY 37 21 45 6 29 2 0.41 -0.15 0.29 1.46 71 33.08 88 84 49 0 6 3 0
BINGHAMTON 32 18 45 7 25 -1 0.58 -0.06 0.55 3.14 130 36.05 95 84 62 0 7 2 1BUFFALO 35 25 41 11 30 1 0.41 -0.40 0.20 3.35 112 33.16 83 84 60 0 5 5 0ROCHESTER 36 24 43 9 30 2 0.36 -0.22 0.24 2.36 111 30.16 90 83 60 0 6 4 0SYRACUSE 35 21 43 4 28 1 0.53 -0.10 0.53 2.40 96 39.98 101 84 57 0 6 1 1
NC ASHEVILLE 56 33 65 26 45 7 0.12 -0.60 0.12 2.12 83 33.21 72 79 53 0 3 1 0CHARLOTTE 58 35 72 20 47 4 0.19 -0.52 0.18 1.82 78 32.47 76 82 46 0 2 2 0GREENSBORO 55 34 72 26 45 5 0.31 -0.36 0.23 1.52 66 39.46 93 89 44 0 3 2 0HATTERAS *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** *** 71.93 129 *** *** *** *** *** ***RALEIGH 58 35 75 27 46 4 0.45 -0.22 0.27 1.79 81 50.83 120 84 52 0 3 3 0WILMINGTON 62 38 78 30 50 2 0.27 -0.56 0.23 4.53 161 71.04 127 100 63 0 2 3 0
ND BISMARCK 30 6 37 -30 18 4 0.09 0.01 0.08 4.82 1607 26.24 157 80 63 0 7 2 0DICKINSON 29 10 39 -16 19 2 0.01 -0.05 0.01 0.08 35 17.46 108 82 58 0 7 1 0FARGO 30 11 39 -20 21 10 0.00 -0.11 0.00 0.49 129 22.73 108 81 65 0 7 0 0GRAND FORKS 28 8 36 -24 18 8 0.16 0.05 0.16 0.80 211 26.42 136 80 63 0 7 1 0JAMESTOWN 30 10 36 -22 20 7 0.01 -0.07 0.01 0.24 86 25.37 138 84 63 0 7 1 0WILLISTON 30 12 39 -17 21 9 0.02 -0.09 0.02 0.43 113 17.01 122 76 64 0 7 1 0
OH AKRON-CANTON 35 22 42 10 29 0 0.20 -0.43 0.11 2.42 103 38.07 101 80 68 0 5 3 0CINCINNATI 38 21 45 11 30 -3 0.44 -0.28 0.30 3.60 142 43.60 104 89 74 0 6 3 0CLEVELAND 37 24 43 13 30 0 0.13 -0.52 0.07 1.92 76 35.72 94 76 59 0 6 2 0COLUMBUS 36 23 44 14 29 -3 0.36 -0.25 0.13 2.78 120 38.46 102 97 79 0 6 3 0DAYTON 35 20 42 7 27 -3 0.20 -0.46 0.12 2.45 102 36.23 93 91 71 0 6 3 0MANSFIELD 34 20 41 8 27 -1 0.11 -0.57 0.07 2.29 88 34.38 81 90 70 0 6 3 0
Based on 1971-2000 normals *** Not Available
TEMP. ˚F PRECIPSTATES
AND STATIONS
RELATIVE HUMIDITY PERCENT
Weather Data for the Week Ending December 24, 2016
TEMPERATURE ˚F PRECIPITATION
8 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin December 28, 2016
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TOLEDO 31 16 38 -6 24 -4 0.15 -0.41 0.07 1.70 81 33.55 103 91 75 0 6 3 0YOUNGSTOWN 35 22 42 9 29 0 0.26 -0.35 0.17 2.58 109 43.34 116 81 68 0 5 3 0
OK OKLAHOMA CITY 47 22 61 4 34 -5 0.08 -0.33 0.08 0.74 52 26.24 74 78 43 0 6 1 0TULSA 45 23 59 3 34 -5 0.03 -0.45 0.03 0.22 11 27.96 67 76 53 0 5 1 0
OR ASTORIA 48 34 56 30 41 -1 3.16 0.91 1.54 8.76 107 85.26 131 84 75 0 3 5 3BURNS 27 -2 40 -11 13 -11 0.44 0.16 0.43 2.33 248 8.64 85 88 80 0 7 2 0EUGENE 42 30 51 26 36 -3 0.67 -1.10 0.37 4.89 77 41.11 84 94 87 0 6 4 0MEDFORD 42 29 46 19 36 -2 1.09 0.48 1.05 4.53 198 21.67 122 97 72 0 5 2 1PENDLETON 38 22 48 6 30 -3 0.77 0.47 0.60 2.10 188 13.40 108 86 68 0 6 3 1PORTLAND 44 31 52 27 37 -3 1.52 0.29 0.87 4.12 92 42.86 119 97 85 0 5 4 1SALEM 42 30 52 25 36 -4 0.97 -0.42 0.53 4.52 88 46.36 120 91 84 0 5 4 1
PA ALLENTOWN 42 22 50 11 32 1 0.36 -0.36 0.21 2.08 80 37.37 84 76 46 0 6 2 0ERIE 37 25 43 12 31 0 0.35 -0.45 0.12 3.55 118 46.33 110 77 64 0 5 3 0MIDDLETOWN 43 24 55 14 33 1 0.22 -0.46 0.13 2.21 86 40.82 102 92 50 0 6 2 0PHILADELPHIA 46 29 60 20 37 1 0.41 -0.31 0.39 2.50 100 35.70 87 71 47 0 5 2 0PITTSBURGH 42 25 62 14 34 3 0.58 -0.02 0.57 2.91 130 34.49 93 84 58 0 5 2 1WILKES-BARRE 38 23 48 9 30 0 0.66 0.14 0.62 1.91 95 31.26 84 78 52 0 6 2 1WILLIAMSPORT 38 22 46 8 30 0 1.21 0.61 1.20 2.58 110 34.70 85 81 58 0 6 2 1
RI PROVIDENCE 43 26 58 17 35 3 0.52 -0.39 0.42 1.94 61 38.81 85 71 56 0 7 2 0SC BEAUFORT 66 43 77 36 55 5 0.08 -0.64 0.08 3.72 169 52.00 106 95 61 0 0 1 0
CHARLESTON 67 44 79 35 55 5 0.06 -0.68 0.05 4.41 189 59.27 117 89 57 0 0 2 0COLUMBIA 64 40 82 30 52 6 0.51 -0.27 0.28 3.15 131 39.35 83 82 65 0 1 2 0GREENVILLE 58 38 71 26 48 6 0.03 -0.83 0.03 1.50 52 33.22 67 79 46 0 2 1 0
SD ABERDEEN 27 3 39 -37 15 0 0.00 -0.08 0.00 0.46 209 19.27 96 77 68 0 7 0 0HURON 31 6 39 -31 19 2 0.00 -0.06 0.00 0.78 325 20.30 98 85 66 0 7 0 0RAPID CITY 35 5 44 -23 20 -4 0.00 -0.08 0.00 0.38 158 12.88 78 73 50 0 7 0 0SIOUX FALLS 32 11 41 -27 21 4 0.00 -0.08 0.00 0.67 172 30.97 126 84 70 0 7 0 0
TN BRISTOL 51 30 62 25 41 5 0.98 0.24 0.65 3.97 152 35.28 87 93 49 0 6 2 1CHATTANOOGA 55 35 69 29 45 4 0.78 -0.24 0.76 4.21 114 34.74 65 83 61 0 4 2 1KNOXVILLE 51 32 70 24 42 2 1.52 0.53 0.89 5.02 146 43.22 92 87 56 0 4 2 2MEMPHIS 50 32 62 15 41 -1 2.27 1.07 1.93 6.49 141 60.74 113 86 53 0 3 3 1NASHVILLE 50 29 62 17 40 1 3.18 2.20 2.07 5.62 157 41.39 88 85 58 0 4 2 2
TX ABILENE 54 30 68 10 42 -2 0.00 -0.30 0.00 1.19 128 36.81 157 69 49 0 3 0 0AMARILLO 52 20 67 -3 36 0 0.03 -0.11 0.02 0.23 61 17.16 88 80 33 0 7 2 0AUSTIN 62 42 78 24 52 1 0.05 -0.50 0.05 3.12 168 53.87 163 67 49 0 2 1 0BEAUMONT 70 46 81 31 58 5 0.46 -0.72 0.45 9.50 242 74.48 127 89 49 0 2 2 0BROWNSVILLE 72 54 82 37 63 3 0.06 -0.16 0.04 1.52 179 22.67 83 82 64 0 0 2 0CORPUS CHRISTI 67 49 81 32 58 1 0.05 -0.34 0.04 2.10 163 32.63 103 75 65 0 1 2 0DEL RIO 59 40 69 26 50 -1 0.09 -0.06 0.09 2.58 469 32.56 181 76 49 0 2 1 0EL PASO 59 37 69 29 48 3 0.47 0.30 0.45 0.71 129 8.88 96 67 34 0 2 2 0FORT WORTH 54 33 74 16 44 -2 0.05 -0.54 0.05 0.60 31 35.48 104 75 44 0 3 1 0GALVESTON 68 51 77 37 59 2 0.19 -0.57 0.11 7.55 283 52.98 123 87 62 0 0 3 0HOUSTON 65 48 80 30 57 4 0.09 -0.71 0.09 3.06 109 60.46 129 74 55 0 1 1 0LUBBOCK 56 25 72 4 41 2 0.01 -0.13 0.01 0.44 94 13.41 73 65 44 0 5 1 0MIDLAND 57 31 73 16 44 0 0.00 -0.14 0.00 0.36 78 15.13 104 60 42 0 3 0 0SAN ANGELO 58 33 75 17 45 -1 0.00 -0.20 0.00 0.74 107 35.72 173 69 50 0 3 0 0SAN ANTONIO 61 43 77 25 52 1 0.01 -0.42 0.01 5.89 393 43.59 134 74 37 0 2 1 0VICTORIA 64 47 80 29 55 1 0.16 -0.39 0.13 2.84 150 39.08 99 75 59 0 2 2 0WACO 57 36 77 18 47 0 0.14 -0.47 0.08 1.27 59 38.56 118 79 48 0 3 2 0WICHITA FALLS 52 25 70 8 38 -4 0.01 -0.37 0.01 0.84 66 37.18 131 72 49 0 5 1 0
UT SALT LAKE CITY 36 24 48 15 30 1 0.37 0.12 0.31 1.49 169 14.35 89 85 60 0 6 3 0VT BURLINGTON 36 21 43 3 28 5 0.67 0.23 0.55 1.94 112 27.33 77 77 51 0 6 2 1VA LYNCHBURG 50 27 62 19 38 1 0.77 0.06 0.77 2.87 118 42.85 101 80 46 0 5 1 1
NORFOLK 54 36 79 27 45 2 0.31 -0.37 0.21 2.35 107 68.67 153 83 51 0 2 3 0RICHMOND 52 28 70 20 40 1 0.46 -0.24 0.43 2.58 113 52.50 122 85 49 0 5 2 0ROANOKE 52 30 62 21 41 3 0.52 -0.09 0.48 2.53 116 46.55 111 73 52 0 5 2 0WASH/DULLES 48 26 63 17 37 2 0.52 -0.14 0.48 2.10 90 35.06 85 75 48 0 7 2 0
WA OLYMPIA 41 30 50 25 36 -1 2.27 0.57 0.84 5.64 91 56.71 115 99 91 0 5 4 3QUILLAYUTE 46 32 50 24 39 -1 3.07 -0.10 1.94 9.47 83 118.63 120 97 90 0 2 5 1SEATTLE-TACOMA 44 34 50 27 39 -1 1.80 0.60 0.71 3.42 77 44.72 125 94 80 0 1 5 2SPOKANE 33 20 38 9 26 -1 0.77 0.29 0.26 1.22 69 18.03 111 94 75 0 7 4 0YAKIMA 34 15 49 -4 24 -4 0.26 -0.04 0.24 0.86 83 9.97 126 85 77 0 7 2 0
WV BECKLEY 48 25 66 17 36 2 1.92 1.25 1.13 3.48 149 48.40 118 84 60 0 6 2 2CHARLESTON 48 27 71 19 38 2 1.69 0.99 1.27 2.80 108 43.93 101 89 54 0 6 2 1ELKINS 48 27 67 22 38 6 1.50 0.76 0.87 3.75 141 44.92 99 83 36 0 6 3 2HUNTINGTON 48 27 73 16 38 2 1.90 1.16 1.28 3.40 131 45.77 110 88 59 0 6 3 2
WI EAU CLAIRE 28 11 38 -21 19 3 0.15 -0.04 0.15 0.85 105 39.99 125 89 61 0 7 1 0GREEN BAY 31 13 41 -9 22 2 0.38 0.12 0.30 1.53 135 32.40 112 83 62 0 7 2 0LA CROSSE 31 16 44 -16 23 3 0.04 -0.18 0.04 1.19 120 45.88 143 82 57 0 6 1 0MADISON 28 14 37 -8 21 -1 0.17 -0.16 0.17 1.65 123 49.61 152 83 67 0 6 1 0MILWAUKEE 31 16 40 -7 23 -2 0.22 -0.24 0.19 1.63 92 32.34 94 75 60 0 6 2 0
WY CASPER 36 16 50 -1 26 3 0.00 -0.11 0.00 0.84 191 16.32 127 67 51 0 7 0 0CHEYENNE 44 19 53 -7 32 5 0.00 -0.08 0.00 0.43 134 16.65 109 60 33 0 6 0 0LANDER 30 3 50 -17 17 -4 0.00 -0.11 0.00 0.57 127 22.96 173 78 50 0 7 0 0SHERIDAN 34 0 50 -19 17 -5 0.00 -0.14 0.00 0.60 128 18.73 129 66 56 0 7 0 0
Based on 1971-2000 normals *** Not Available
Weather Data for the Week Ending December 24, 2016
STATES AND
STATIONS
TEMP. ˚F PRECIP
RELATIVE HUMIDITY PERCENT
TEMPERATURE ˚F PRECIPITATION
December 28, 2016 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 9
National Agricultural Summary December 19 – 25, 2016
Weekly National Agricultural Summary provided by USDA/NASS
HIGHLIGHTS
Temperatures in the Northwest were below normal, with portions of Idaho and Oregon averaging more than 9°F below average. Conversely, the upper Mississippi Valley and
Southeast recorded above-normal temperatures. Precipitation was near normal in many locations, but above normal in the Southwest, western Colorado, and southern Arkansas.
Arizona: Cotton harvest was nearing completion by the end of the week—97 percent complete, slightly behind the previous year but 4 percentage points ahead of the 5-year average of 93 percent. Alfalfa conditions were rated mostly good to excellent, depending on location, with harvesting taking place on almost three-quarters of the state’s acreage. Central Arizona growers shipped anise, beets, broccoli, cabbage (green and red), carrots, cauliflower, cilantro, collard greens, kale greens, green onions, parsley, and Swiss chard. In western Arizona, growers shipped anise, arugula, bok choy, broccoli, cabbage (green and red), cauliflower, celery, Chinese cabbage, cilantro, endive, escarole, frisee, kale greens, lettuce (Boston, green leaf, iceberg, red leaf and romaine), parsley, radicchio, and spinach. Beneficial rains in Coconino and Yavapai Counties were reported. Every weather station reported some measurable precipitation, with Teec Nos Pos reporting the least at 0.15 inch and Flagstaff reporting the most at 2.76 inches. The highest temperature was 80°F reported at Ajo. The lowest temperature was 5°F at Canyon De Chelly. California: A dry, cool week turned wet and warmer, before cooling again for the weekend. The heaviest rain fell in the southern half of the state on Thursday, with parts of Sequoia National Forest receiving nearly 2.5 inches. By Saturday, nearly the entire state had experienced some sort of precipitation. Areas around Lodgepole saw heavy snow totaling more than 30 inches early in the weekend. With temperatures staying below freezing, total snow cover was topping 40 inches in parts of the mountain regions. Highs were in the 40s to 50s in the mountains, 50s to 60s in the valley, 60s along the coast, and 60s to 70s in the desert. Lows were in the 10s to 20s in the mountains, 20s to 30s in the valley, 10s to 30s in the desert, and 20s to 30s along the coast. Fields were prepared and planted for winter wheat, oats and barley forage. Rains have helped recently planted forage crops. Table grapes from cold storage continued to be exported. Vineyards were starting to be pruned. Kiwifruit and persimmon exports were slowing. Deciduous fruit and nut orchards continued to be pruned and the brush shredded. Removal of older orchards continued in preparation for replanting new varieties. Wet weather late in the week slowed the citrus harvest. Navel and Mandarin oranges were being harvested and exported. Melogold grapefruit, lemons and finger limes were being exported. Newly planted citrus trees were being covered for frost protection. Pistachios, almonds and pecans were being
exported. Winter vegetables continued to develop. Strawberries were growing well. In Tulare County, rangeland forage has germinated and improved with recent rain. Rangeland quality benefited from the rain at the lower elevations. Snow on the valley floor in northern counties halted most field operations. Ranchers were providing supplemental feed for cattle. Florida: There were 6.8 days suitable for fieldwork. Precipitation ranged from no rain in several locations, including Arcadia (DeSoto County), Dade City (Pasco County), and Palmdale (Glades County), to 3.49 inches in Lake Alfred (Polk County). Average temperatures ranged from 59.9°F in DeFuniak Springs (Walton County) to 75.4°F in Ft. Lauderdale (Broward County). Most of the state has been abnormally dry, with several counties in the panhandle entering drought conditions. Temperatures continued to be unseasonably warm in the citrus-growing region. Daily highs were in the mid to upper 80s on most afternoons. Rainfall varied widely across the citrus belt, with several of the eighteen monitored stations reporting no measurable precipitation. By far the most rain fell in Polk County. Canals and ditches remained at low levels due of the lack of widespread rainfall over the past couple months. Growers were irrigating frequently to keep moisture in the ground and on the trees. Packing of early varieties of fresh fruit has nearly finished, with houses transitioning to later maturing varieties where applicable. Grapefruit harvest was in full swing, with internal quality holding well. Most processing plants were open and accepting fruit. Growers continued to spray in order to lower the psyllid population. Primarily, growers were performing general maintenance in well-kept groves. Growers in Orange County reported planting and harvesting collard greens, cabbage, and broccoli. Plenty of crops were harvested for the holiday market including avocado, bitter melon, boniato, eggplant, herbs, green beans, kale, malanga, peppers, squash, tomato, zucchini, and sweet corn. A few growers began planting spring watermelons. Cattle condition remained mostly good, despite pasture quality deteriorating across the state with lack of rain. Cattle were on supplemental hay in Brevard, Indian River, and St. Lucie Counties. Most of the state was experiencing dry conditions, affecting the planting of small grain cover crops. With a small amount of moisture, some winter forages were starting to germinate and grow in Okaloosa County. Sugarcane harvest continued in south Florida.
10 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin December 28, 2016
For additional information contact: [email protected]
International Weather and Crop Summary
December 18-24, 2016 International Weather and Crop Highlights and Summaries provided by USDA/WAOB
HIGHLIGHTS
EUROPE: Mostly sunny, mild weather maintained favorable conditions for dormant winter crops across central and eastern Europe. WESTERN FSU: Dormant winter wheat remained sufficiently insulated by widespread snow cover. MIDDLE EAST: Snow provided dormant winter grains adequate protection from the coldest air of the season in Turkey and western Iran. NORTHWESTERN AFRICA: Widespread rain benefited vegetative winter grains in Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia.
SOUTHEAST ASIA: Unseasonably heavy showers continued in northern sections of the region, albeit lighter than in previous weeks, while Typhoon Nock-Ten approached the eastern Philippines. AUSTRALIA: Mostly dry weather favored winter crop harvesting in the west and southeast, while showers benefited summer crops in the northeast. SOUTH AFRICA: Warm, showery weather benefited emerging corn. ARGENTINA: Much-needed rain overspread corn and soybean areas of central Argentina. BRAZIL: Rain benefited corn, soybeans, and cotton in central and southern Brazil.
Much-Needed Rain
(C Argentina)
Rain
Snow Cover Over Dormant Wheat (Western FSU)
Protective Snow
Widespread Rain
Heavy Showers
Dry for Winter Grain Harvesting
Sunny & Mild (C&E Europe)
Showers
Typhoon Nock-Ten
Rain Returns
(S Brazil)
Rain for Summer Crops
December 28, 2016 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 11
For additional information contact: [email protected]
A stationary area of high pressure over the northern Balkans maintained dry, mild weather across central and eastern portions of the continent. From Germany into Poland and the Balkans, sunny skies and near- to above-normal temperatures were favorable for dormant winter wheat and rapeseed, though chilly conditions (up to 4°C below normal) lingered in southeastern Europe. Eastern portions of Europe remained uncharacteristically devoid of snow cover, leaving winter crops exposed to potential incursions of bitter cold. In France, widespread showers (5-20 mm) improved soil moisture
reserves for dormant winter crops following a month-long dry spell. Light showers (5 mm or less) in southeastern England provided some moisture for dormant to semi-dormant winter wheat and rapeseed, while heavier rain and snow (15-100 mm liquid equivalent) were reported in northern portions of England. Dry weather prevailed over most of the Iberian Peninsula; near- to above-normal seasonal rainfall (since September 1) in central and southern Spain is in sharp contrast with developing drought in northern portions of the country (Castilla y León).
EUROPE
12 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin December 28, 2016
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Dormant winter wheat remained sufficiently protected from bitter cold by snow cover. Primary winter crop areas from central Ukraine into southern and central Russia remained covered by 5 to 20 cm of snow. As a result,
there was little concern from this week’s cold; temperatures reached as low as -18°C in northeastern Ukraine, and plunged to -28°C in northern portions of Russia’s Southern District.
WESTERN FSU
December 28, 2016 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 13
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Unsettled weather prevailed, with rain and snow accompanying the coldest air of the season. A stationary storm system over the eastern Mediterranean generated moderate to heavy rain (10-100 mm, locally more) over the eastern Mediterranean Coast and environs, boosting soil moisture and water supplies for vegetative winter grains. Farther away from the coast, light to moderate rain and snow (1-15 mm liquid equivalent) fell, particularly on central Turkey’s Anatolian Plateau (a key wheat and barley region). Snow depths in Turkey were highly variable by week’s end, ranging from a trace to more than 30 cm. Nevertheless, the deepest snow coincided with the coldest readings (-18°C or lower), affording winter grains adequate protection from
freeze damage. Extreme cold (as low as -35°C) was noted outside of major agricultural areas in the mountains of eastern Turkey. In Iraq, another round of beneficial rain (10-30 mm) in central and northern crop areas improved soil moisture for winter grain development following a dry autumn. Farther east, precipitation amounts in Iran were again highly variable (1-20 mm), affording little significant drought relief from west-central growing areas into northeastern portions of the country. However, much-needed rain and mountain snow were overspreading these dry areas by week’s end. Temperatures averaged 3 to 10°C below normal across the region (more than 10°C below normal in the mountains of eastern Turkey).
MIDDLE EAST
14 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin December 28, 2016
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Additional moderate to heavy rainfall across the region maintained or improved prospects for winter grain development. A slow-moving storm system produced a soaking rainfall (10-50 mm) across many of the region’s major growing areas from northern Morocco into Tunisia, boosting moisture supplies for vegetative winter wheat and barley. Locally, rain amounts topped 140 mm in north-central Algeria and 60 mm in northern Tunisia. Furthermore,
the storm’s southerly track produced a variety of unusual weather in typically-arid desert regions; heavy rain (77 mm) fell in south-central Tunisia, while the first snow in more than 35 years fell in the northern Sahara Desert of Algeria. Overall, winter grain prospects in northern Africa have continued to recover nicely from autumn drought and are vastly improved over last year, when historic drought gripped the region from October to mid-February.
NORTHWESTERN AFRICA
December 28, 2016 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 15
For additional information contact: [email protected]
Heavy showers (50-100 mm, locally more) continued in central Vietnam, albeit lighter than previous weeks. The persistent wetness has slowed coffee harvesting and likely reduced yields even into next season’s crop. In the Philippines, rainfall totals returned to more seasonable levels (50-150 mm) in the east following periodic deluges over the last several weeks. However, Typhoon Nock-Ten was approaching the eastern Philippines and threatened to bring renewed torrential rainfall to
saturated corn and other seasonal crops; moisture conditions for rice have been generally favorable. Farther south, heavy showers (50-150 mm or more) improved soil moisture for oil palm in Malaysia, following some unseasonable dryness, while consistently heavy rainfall kept trees well watered in Indonesia. Meanwhile, drier weather in Java, Indonesia, eased excessive long-term wetness for corn, as short-term moisture conditions remained favorable for rice.
SOUTHEAST ASIA
16 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin December 28, 2016
For additional information contact: [email protected]
In western and southeastern Australia, mostly dry weather (generally less than 5 mm) allowed wheat, barley, and canola harvesting to proceed with little delay. According to Dairy Australia, the wheat harvest was approximately 80 percent complete in Western Australia, 70 percent complete in South Australia, 45 percent complete in Victoria, and 85 percent complete in New South Wales. In addition to aiding fieldwork, the dryness helped maintain good to excellent yield and quality prospects for winter crops which are awaiting
harvest. Elsewhere in the wheat belt, widespread showers (5-25 mm, locally more than 40 mm) in northern New South Wales and southern Queensland benefited cotton, sorghum, and other summer crops. The rain likely slowed local fieldwork. Nevertheless, wheat harvesting has reportedly concluded in this region, and thus the rain was overall beneficial for agriculture. Temperatures were generally seasonable in the Australia wheat belt, averaging within about 1ºC of normal.
AUSTRALIA
December 28, 2016 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 17
For additional information contact: [email protected]
Warm, showery weather maintained overall favorable conditions for emerging to vegetative summer crops across the corn belt. Rainfall totaling 10 to 35 mm — locally higher — stretched from Limpopo southward to Eastern Cape, including most major commercial corn production areas of Mpumalanga, Gauteng, Free State, and North West. However, weekly temperatures averaging 2 to 4°C above normal maintained high evaporative losses; daytime highs ranged from the lower 30s (degrees C) in eastern sections of the corn belt (western Mpumalanga and neighboring locations of Gauteng and Free State) to the upper
30s in the west and north (western Free State, North West, and Limpopo), where planting was likely underway. Exceptional heat (daytime highs above 40°C) also sustained high moisture requirements in irrigated sugarcane areas of eastern Mpumalanga and northern KwaZulu-Natal. More moderate temperatures (highs in the upper 30s) were recorded in rain-fed sugarcane areas of southern KwaZulu-Natal. Warm, seasonably dry weather dominated most of the Cape Provinces, spurring rapid development of irrigated row crops in the Orange River Valley, as well as tree and vine crops in Western Cape.
SOUTH AFRICA
18 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin December 28, 2016
For additional information contact: [email protected]
Rain overspread central Argentina, bringing some relief from a brief spell of unseasonable warmth and dryness. Most of the region recorded 10 to 50 mm, with higher amounts (locally in excess of 100 mm) concentrated over western Entre Rios and northern and central sections of Buenos Aires. Weekly temperatures were generally within 1°C of normal, with daytime highs reaching the middle 30s (degrees C) at most locations before the onset of the heaviest rain. Somewhat warmer and drier conditions persisted in southwestern sections of Buenos Aries, where moisture remained limited for germination of summer
crops, including second-crop soybeans. Showers intensified across northern Argentina, although rainfall totaled less than 25 mm from central Cordoba to southern Chaco. Weekly average temperatures were generally 1 to 2°C above normal in northern agricultural districts, with daytime highs approaching 40°C in spots. According to the government of Argentina, corn and soybeans were 67 and 75 percent planted, respectively, as of December 22, lagging last year’s pace for both crops by less than 10 percentage points. Meanwhile, wheat was 73 percent harvested versus 59 percent last year.
ARGENTINA
December 28, 2016 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 19
For additional information contact: [email protected]
Showers maintained favorable summer crop prospects in central and southern Brazil. Much of the Center-West (Mato Grosso, Goias, and southern Mato Grosso do Sul) and south (Sao Paulo to Rio Grande do Sul) received 25 to 100 mm of rainfall, which was accompanied by seasonable warmth (daytime highs reaching the lower 30s degrees C). The rain was particularly welcome in Rio Grande do Sul, which had been trending dry for several weeks; according to the government, corn and soybeans in Rio Grande do Sul were vegetative to reproductive as of December 22 and likely responded well to the rainfall. The beneficial rain extended
into southern sections of Minas Gerais but warm, mostly dry weather fostered bean development in other coffee areas. Drier conditions also dominated the northeastern interior, with virtually no rain falling in northwestern Minas Gerais and western Bahia. Above-normal temperatures accompanied the heat, with daytime highs reaching the upper 30s in and around Tocantins. The warmth and dryness spurred rapid development of soybeans and cotton, while maintaining high evapotranspiration rates; additional rain will be needed soon in these areas as earlier-planted crops reach reproduction, as soil moisture reserves are limited.
BRAZIL
20 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin December 28, 2016
2016 Bulletin Index Volume 103
Regular Features*
Text U.S. Weather Highlights ........................................................................................................... w/s U.S. Weather and Crop Summary ............................................................................................. m U.S. Weather in Historical Perspective ................................................................................... m/s National Agricultural Summary ................................................................................................ w Spring Wheat (April - September) ........................................................................................ w Rice (April - November) ........................................................................................................ w Sorghum (April - November) ................................................................................................ w Corn (April - November) ....................................................................................................... w Cotton (April - November) .................................................................................................... w Oats (April - September) ........................................................................................................ w Barley (April - September) .................................................................................................... w Peanuts (April - November) .................................................................................................. w Soybeans (May - November) ................................................................................................. w Winter Wheat (September - November and April - August) ................................................ w Sugarbeets (April - May and September - November) .......................................................... w Sunflowers (May - June and September - November) ........................................................... w U.S. Crop Production Highlights................................................................................................ m State Summaries of Weather and Agriculture (December - March) ......................................... m Water Supply Forecast for the Western United States (January - May) .................................. m International Weather and Crop Summary .......................................................................... w/m NWS/CPC ENSO (El Niño/Southern Oscillation) Updates ...................................................... m
National Charts
Precipitation .......................................................................................................................... w/m/s Percent of Normal Precipitation .............................................................................................. m/s Average Temperature .............................................................................................................. m/s Departure of Average Temperature from Normal ............................................................ w/m/s Extreme Minimum Temperature ............................................................................................. w/s Extreme Maximum Temperature ............................................................................................ w/s Snow Depth (December - March) ................................................................................................. w Average Soil Temperature, 4-Inch Depth, Bare Soil (March - June) ........................................ w Pan Evaporation Map (May - September) .................................................................................. w Growing Degree Days (May - October) ....................................................................................... w Crop Moisture Index (April - October) ....................................................................................... w Palmer Drought Severity Index (April - October) ...................................................................... w Drought Monitor ......................................................................................................................... w Topsoil and Subsoil Moisture (April - November) ..................................................................... w Days Suitable for Fieldwork (April - November) ....................................................................... w NWS/CPC Monthly Drought Outlook ....................................................................................... m NWS/CPC Seasonal Drought Outlook ....................................................................................... m
International Charts (major crop areas) Precipitation ............................................................................................................................. w/m Percent of Normal Precipitation ................................................................................................. m Average Temperature ................................................................................................................. m Departure of Average Temperature from Normal ................................................................... m
National Tabulations
Weather Data for Selected Cities ............................................................................................... w Precipitation and Temperature ............................................................................................... m/s Crop Progress: Planting, Development, Harvesting (April - November) ................................. w Crop Condition (April - November) ............................................................................................ w Pasture and Range Condition (May - October) .......................................................................... w
International Tabulation
Precipitation and Temperature .................................................................................................. m
*w = weekly, m = monthly, s = seasonal (published every March, June, September, and December for the preceding 3 months)
December 28, 2016 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 21
Special Features
U.S. Satellite Images and Charts/Tabulations: No. Page
California Reservoir and Snowpack Update………………………………...…. 3 11 Satellite Image of Pacific Storms, January 14………………………………….. 3 38 2015 Precipitation and Temperature Summary……………………………...…. 4 12 2015 Precipitation and Temperature Maps…………………….…………….…. 4 13
Daily Sierra Nevada Snow Pack, 2011-12 to 2015-16 vs. Normal….……..…… 6 28 California Reservoir Storage, 1977 and 2010-16 ………………………..……. . 7 4 Satellite Images of Western Trough and Eastern Ridge, February 15 and 16….. 7 38 Satellite Image of Pacific Storminess, March 4…………..……………………. 10 28 Satellite Images of Plains’ Smoke (March 23) and Snow Cover (March 24)….. 13 5 2016 U.S. Spring Flood Risk ……….…………………………………………. 13 28 California Reservoir Update, Recharge and Withdrawal…….………………… 16 46 Satellite Image of Southern Storms, April 29…………….……………………. 18 34 Satellite Image of Eastern Storm, May 5…………………....…………………. 19 3 Days Suitable for Fieldwork, March 28 – May 22…………………….…..…… 21 34 Satellite Image of Smoke from Dog Head Fire, June 16………………..……… 26 34 U.S. Corn Condition Index, 2016 and Selected Years……….……………..….. 29 48 Satellite Image of Hurricane Earl, August 4………………………….………… 32 42 Satellite Image of Gulf Coast Storm, August 12………………………..……… 33 50 Flooding Rains Impact Parts of the South, August 9 – 22……………………… 35 32 Hurricane Hermine: Heavy Rains and Strong Winds, September 1 – 3……….. 36 7 Satellite Image of Hurricane Hermine, September 1……………………..…….. 36 36 Satellite Images of Tropical Interactions, September 19…………….…………. 38 54 U.S. Satellite Image, September 26…………………………………..…………. 39 32 Satellite Images of Hurricane Matthew, October 4 and 7…………....…………. 41 3 Hurricane Matthew: Heavy Rains and Damaging Winds in the Southeast……. 41 40 Satellite Image of Northwestern Storminess, October 24………….…………… 43 28 Satellite Image of Western Storminess, October 28……………….…………… 44 28 Satellite Image of Southeastern Wildfires, November 16………………………. 48 24 U.S. Winter Wheat Condition Index, 1995-2016……….…………………...….. 49 5 Satellite Image of Snow Cover, December 18, and Wheat Areas in Drought..… 52 5 California Reservoir Storage, 1977 and 2010-16 ……………….………..……. 52 22
U.S. Summaries: “2015 U.S. Weather in Historical Perspective”…………………..…………….. 2 28 “2015 U.S. Weather Review” ………………………………….….….……….... 4 8 “2015 U.S. Fieldwork Highlights”……………………………….……………... 4 16 “2015 U.S. Crop Production Highlights”……………………………………….. 4 18 “Blizzards, Less than 2 Weeks Apart, Strike the Eastern and Central U.S.”……. 5 26 “February Warm Spell Sets Records in the Western and Central U.S.”………… 8 5 “Southern Plains’ Winter Wheat Threatened by Cold Waves”………….……… 13 4 “U.S. Prospective Planting Highlights”…………………………………….…… 14 28 “U.S. Acreage Highlights”………………………………………………….…… 27 34 “July Heat Builds Across the U.S.”………………………………..……….…… 30 7 “2016 Small Grains Summary”………………………………………………… 40 34
20
40
60
80
100
120
1401‐Jan
1‐Feb
1‐M
ar
1‐Apr
1‐M
ay
1‐Jun
1‐Jul
1‐Aug
1‐Sep
1‐Oct
1‐Nov
1‐Dec
California Reservoir Storage, Percent of Normal, 1977 and 2010‐16
Source: California Department of Water Resources
2011
2010
2012
2013
1977
201420152016
2016
California’s reservoir storage improved dramatically in early 2016, highlighting recovery from a multi-year drought in key watershed areas in the northern part of the state. Statewide storage bottomed out at 52% of average (10.95 million acre-feet) on November 30, 2015, but climbed to 89% of average (25.62 million acre-feet) by May 31, 2016. On November 30, 2016, California’s storage stood at 18.51 million acre-feet, 88% of average—the highest at this time of year since 2012.
The Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin (ISSN 0043-1974) is jointly prepared by the U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). Publication began in 1872 as the Weekly Weather Chronicle. It is issued under general authority of the Act of January 12, 1895 (44-USC 213), 53rd Congress, 3rd Session. The contents may be redistributed freely with proper credit. Correspondence to the meteorologists should be directed to: Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin, NOAA/USDA, Joint Agricultural Weather Facility, USDA South Building, Room 4443B, Washington, DC 20250. Internet URL: http://www.usda.gov/oce/weather E-mail address: [email protected] The Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin and archives are maintained on the following USDA Internet URL: http://www.usda.gov/oce/weather/pubs/Weekly/Wwcb/index.htm
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE World Agricultural Outlook Board Managing Editor............................Brad Rippey (202) 720-2397 Production Editor..........................Brian Morris (202) 720-3062 International Editor...................Mark Brusberg (202) 720-2012 Editorial Advisor..................................................Charles Wilbur Agricultural Weather Analysts......................... Harlan Shannon and Eric Luebehusen
National Agricultural Statistics Service Agricultural Statistician and State Summaries Editor…..…..……. Scott Matthews (202) 720-7621 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Weather Service/Climate Prediction Center Meteorologists........David Miskus, Brad Pugh, Adam Allgood,
and Randy Schechter
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