vocational education and training systems in europe diversity in one a comparative perspective
DESCRIPTION
Vocational education and training systems in Europe Diversity in one A comparative perspective. Presented by: Isabelle Le Mouillour. What am I referring to …. Number of European Member States? Number of VET systems? Number of young people engaged in VET? - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
®
Vocational education and training systemsin Europe
Diversity in oneA comparative perspective
Presented by:
Isabelle Le Mouillour
®
What am I referring to …
• Number of European Member States?
• Number of VET systems?
• Number of young people engaged in VET?
• Across countries, what is the meaning of VET?
®
Employment share by skill level, 2000-25, (EU 27+)
Cedefop, 2013, briefing note
®
Youth unemployment rates in selected EU countries (2000/12)
I Z A COMPACT | June 2013
% of youths aged 15 to 24 years; Eurostat data
Greece
Spain
Portugal
Italy
Irland
Germany
Netherlands
®
Upper secondary VET: a more frequent choice among boys than girls
Cedefop, 2012
®
Some dimensions for comparison
• What is understood by „VET graduate“ across European countries?
• Where does the learning take place?
– duality or apprenticeship type systems
– Alternance type systems
– Informal apprenticeship-type systems
– School-based VET
• Which is the legal status of learners in VET ?
– Employees
– Apprentices
– Pupils
• Which organisations are involved? Which are the competent bodies?
Isabelle Le Mouillour – AB 1.1
®
Busemeyer, 2012
VET models in comparison
State involvement in VET
HighCentralised system(Sweden)
Collective system(Denmark, Germany)
lowLiberal system(USA, UK)
Segmented system(Japan)
low high
Involvement of employers in VET
®
Organisational space, after LM entryIE, UK; US
Organisational space, before LM entryEE, ES, GR, FR, HU, IT, LT, LV, PL
Occupational space, before LM entryAT, CZ, DK, DE, NL, NO, SE, SI
Involvement of firms: lowPublic commitment: lowIE, UK; US
Involvement of firms: lowPublic commitment: highSE, FR
Involvement of firms: highPublic commitment: highAT, DK, DE
Workplace, market-led:IE, NL, UK
School, state-regulated:BE, ES, FI, FR, IS, NO, PT, SE
Workplace, state-regulated: AT, DK, DE
Industrial relations, skill formation systems, social dialogue in VET
ACVT seminar
®
Newest initiative to foster vocational education and training
cooperation between European countries
Initiative by Member States
Development of work-place based education and training
Coordination: BIBB; German Ministry for Education and Research with their counterparts in Portugal, Greece, Spain, Latvia, Slovakia and Italy
Start December 2012
Initiative for VET in Europe
Isabelle Le Mouillour – AB 1.1
®
Memorandum
Ministerial Conference in Berlin on 10 and 11 December 2012:
•Seven European countries: Germany, Portugal, Greece, Spain, Latvia, Slovakia and Italy
•Agreement:
• necessity of increasing cooperation
• launching effective and sustainable cooperative activities to encourage and where appropriate establish dual forms of work based vocational education and training in the partner countries.
•Approach:
• No copy another country’s system, but to see how the essential features of dual education models can be developed within another system;
• In particular: close fit between qualifications and jobs, involvement of social partners
European context:
• support the implementation of the agreed European objectives as stated in “Rethinking Education” (Commission Communication of 20 November 2012)
• Part of the European Alliance for Apprenticeship (July 2013)
Isabelle Le Mouillour – AB 1.1
®
Fields of action in the Memorandum
1. Establishing vocational education and training as an attractive, high-quality career preparation scheme based on labour market needs
2. Involving the social partners and the private sector as responsible players in vocational education and training
3. Supporting each other in the modernization of vocational education and training
4. Increasing mobility in vocational education and training as a contribution to the development of a European labour market and education area
5. Linking efforts to existing European cooperation in the field of vocational education and training and making use of EU programmes and structures
Isabelle Le Mouillour – AB 1.1
®
Field 1: VET as an attractive option
Possible activities:
1.Enhancing the acceptance of vocational education and training
2.Implementing measures to improve opportunities for transfer between educational pathways
3.Creating options for consecutive careers by linking vocational education and training to further training
4.Launching information campaigns and measures to promote vocational education and training that address the target groups of young people, parents and enterprises
5.Winning enterprises’ support for work based training by demonstrating the economic value of company‐based training
6.Introducing career orientation phases in schools at an early stage, providing practical insights as a regular supplement to school education
7.Refocusing career counselling to support the introduction of dual vocational education and training.
Isabelle Le Mouillour – AB 1.1
®
Field 2: Social partners and private sector as responsible players in VET
Possible activities:
1.Elaborating new funding models
2.Introducing extended practice periods in enterprises to supplement school training
3.Testing practice periods
4.Enhancing enterprises willingness to provide training; collaborative training models
5.Supporting business and chamber organizations in entering into long‐term bilateral partnership arrangements
6.Initiating an exchange of experience (guidance, support during training, needs of the training market)
7.Establishing national, regional and sectoral training pacts between the private sector, policy makers and the social partners
8.Promoting regional and sectoral potential analyses
9.Establishing chambers of commerce abroad and business organizations as relevant partners in vocational education and training
10.Setting up regional vocational education and training committees
Isabelle Le Mouillour – AB 1.1
®
Towards specific projects and measures
Isabelle Le Mouillour – AB 1.1
Countries: Spain, Italy, Portugal, Greece, Slovakia, Latvia
Stages: Characteristics of the different types of training systems Identification of contacts and potential project partners Mandate for the working groups Role of social partners Annual work programmes ‚Roadmap‘ Development and coordination of concepts for cooperation Identification of pilot projects ‚Flagship projects‘ Implementation of pilot projects Evaluation and dissemination of results of pilot projects
Projects mean also Organisation of peer learning for decision makers and VET stakeholders Capacity building
®
Leading organisations:
•Ministries in charge of education and VET, BIBB and its counterparts in the different countries
Bilateral working groups:
•Competent bodies: ministries or agencies at federal / national / regional levels
•Chambers of commerce and industry, of crafts
•Employers’ organisations
•Employees’ organisations / trade unions / foundations
•Representatives of the civil society
•Enterprises
•VET schools
•researchers
The organisations involved
Isabelle Le Mouillour – AB 1.1
®
The BIBBnational and international centre of competence for initial and continuing vocational education and training in Germany,improvement of vocational education and training by means of research, advisory services and development member of all bilateral working groups and is in charge of the conceptual development of the activities
Its portfolio includesRelationship between the different VET models and access to the labour market Duration and costs of the trainingAccess requirements to the VET programmes and qualifications awardingRelationship between qualifications, professional occupations and VET standardsNational qualifications frameworkProcedures for obtaining VET formal qualifications, and academic and professional value of the learning outcomes acquired outside the VET systems Relationship between vocational qualifications and exercise regulationsTeachers’ and trainers’ credentials, pedagogical requirementsReinforced cooperation between business and vocational education and training
The Federal Institute for VET (BIBB) contribution
Isabelle Le Mouillour – AB 1.1
®
European VET area:
•European VET policy: „Rethinking Education: Investing in skills for better socio-economic outcomes”
Developing world-class vocational education and training to raise the quality of vocational skills; Promoting work based learning including quality traineeships, apprenticeships and dual learning models to help the transition from learning to work; Promoting partnerships between public and private institutions (to ensure appropriate curricula and skills provision); Promoting mobility through the proposed Erasmus + programme
A European reference system to come:
•Learning outcomes approach within VET
•Development of European and national qualifications frameworks
•European taxonomy of skills, competences, and occupations (ESCO)
•Validation and recognition mechanisms for access to national/regional E&T systems and labour market
Diversity in one, what is the ONE?
Isabelle Le Mouillour – AB 1.1
®
Thank you for your attention
Contact details:
Isabelle Le Mouillour
Federal Institute for Vocational Education and Training (BIBB)
Head of unit 1.1 " Basic Issues of Internationalisation / Monitoring of Vocational Education and Training Systems“
Robert-Schuman-Platz 3 / D - 53175 Bonn
Tel.: +49-228107-1602
Fax: +49-228107-2963
E-Mail: [email protected]
Isabelle Le Mouillour – AB 1.1