visual impairment.. 2 objectives leading causes of visual impairment and blindness in the u.s. how...
TRANSCRIPT
Visual impairment
.
2
Objectives
Leading causes of visual impairment and blindness in the U.S.
How to assess a patients vision and ability to identify and properly use medications
Identify strategies for assuring appropriate medication use in patients with visual impairment
3
Leading Causes of Visual Impairment
Cataracts Glaucoma Age-related macular degeneration Diabetic Retinopathy
4
Cataracts
Clouding of the lens due to protein clumping.
Leading cause of blindness in the world and leading cause of low vision in U.S.
5
Cataracts
Link to animation showing cataract formation
http://www.allaboutvision.com/conditions/cataracts.htm
6
Example of what vision might be like for a person with cataracts
7
Glaucoma
Disease of the optic nerve that is usually associated with (but not always) increased intraocular pressure and can lead to decreased vision, blindness
Two kinds Open-angle Angle-closure
This picture is recreated from "Understanding and Treating Glaucoma" a Human Anatomy Board Book by Tim Peters and Company, inc. Gladstone, NJ
8
GlaucomaLink to animation showing flow of aqueous humorhttp://www.theschepens.org/eye_disease_fact_sheet.htm
9
Example of what vision might be like for a person with glaucoma
10
Age-Related Macular Degeneration(ARMD)
Associated with aging and gradually destroys sharp central vision
Slow breakdown of the light-sensing cells in the macula (central part of retina that helps for central vision)
Two kinds of ARMD Dry – 90% of patients Wet – 10% of patients but 90% of blindness
due to ARMD is from wet ARMD ARED study
11
ARMD
12
Example of what vision might be like for a person with ARMD
13
Example of what vision might be like for a person with ARMD
14
Diabetic Retinopathy
Damage occurs to the tiny blood vessels that nourish the retina.
Leading cause of blindness in the industrialized world in people ages 24 – 74
15
Example of what vision might be like for a person with diabetic retinopathy
16
Assessing a patients ability to identify and properly use medications
Ask Introduce yourself and identify
yourself What are some counseling
techniques and aids you could use to assist someone with low vision.
Statistics and pictures from National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health
References
Handbook of Nonprescription Drugs, 14th Edition.
Applied Therapeutics, The Clinical Use of Drugs, 8th edition.
National Eye Institute: http://www.nei.nih.gov/
MedicineNet.com http://www.medicinenet.com/glaucoma/article.htm
All About Vision http://www.allaboutvision.com