VISIT TO GREEN HOUSE IARI, NEW DELHI

PRESENTED BY

MANISHA DUHAN

INTRODUCTION

• India has entered the era of green house cultivation more recently and the total area under protected vegetable production is nearby approached 10000 ha

• The protected cultivation technology can be utilized for year round and offseason cultivation of high value low volume vegetable crops, production of virus free seedlings , quality hybrid for seed production and as a tool for disease resistance breeding programmes .

THREE FEATURES OF PROTECTED CULTIVATION

• GREEN HOUSE GROUP:- Glass house, polyhouse, shade net house, insect proof net house.

• TUNNEL GROUP:- high tunnel, low tunnel, clotches.

• SURFACE COVER GROUP:- plastic mulch, biomulch.

GREEN HOUSE GROUP

FEATURES MATERIAL USEDFRAME MATERIAL WOOD/STEEL/ALUMINIUM

GLAZING MATERIAL GLASS/POLYETHYLENE

COVERING MATERIAL ACRYLIC/FIBRE GLASS/POLYCARBONATE

FILMS POLYETHYLENE /PVC/POLYESTER

TUNNEL GROUP

• Also called micro polyhouse • Temporary structure, for short duration and

need based structure• High tunnel:- also called walking tunnel 1-2 ft

height , mostly 1m wide suitable • Low tunnel:- not walking type, cucurbits can

be grown in early 60- 90 days during months of november, december, january.

SURFACE COVER GROUP

• Plastic mulch:- creats more efficient microclimate through moisture retention (saving moisture- 4%) , minimise weed loss upto 90-95 % , increase productivity(25-30)%.

• Sandy soil size of mulch 25-30 micron and clay soil 50-100 micron.

• Suitable for rainfed crop conditions.• Increase crop life upto 60 days• Increase earliness by 20- 30 days.

CROP ROTATION IN GREEN HOUSE

• PLAINS:- tomato, capsicum,chillies, cucumber ( starts last week of july – last week of august upto may-june)

• HILLS:- starts from march april and upto november crops rotation will takes place.

QUALITY OF COVERING MATERIAL• POLYTHENE:- 200 micron for polyhouse and

100 micron for high tunnel, uv stablized transparent.

• SHADE NET QUALITY :- 30-50% Shade in some cases upto 70 % , uv stabilized green and black colour shade nets.

• I.P NET QUALITY :- white, made up of nylon and size 40-50 mesh per square inch.

• PLASTIC MULCH:- 25- 50 micron normally.

FACTORS INVOLVED FOR CROP PRODUCTION

• TEMPERATURE:- 25-30⁰C • LIGHT :- 700-800 Watt per metresecond• RELATIVE HUMIDITY:- 65-75%• CARBONDIOXIDE:- 300-1000 ppm • WATER :- depends on crop • NUTRIENTS:- Proper ratio of all essential

nutrients should be given( fertigation process employed in green houses for fulfilling regquirement of water and nutrients)

QUALITY OF IRRIGATION WATER

• ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY:- ≤ 1• PH :- 7• TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS:-1000-1500• Drip irrigation is mandatory for every every

protected cultivation technology.• At IARI,ND israel automatic model is used for

fertigation process which is fully computerized.

CULTIVARS OF CROPS GROWN IN PROTECTED CULTIVATION (IARI)

• TOMATO:- GS600, Himsour, rituja, ID 32, ID 37• CUCUMBER:- Aasma, Viza, Defender, Sandhya• CAPSICUM:- 1) Red- insperation, laxmi• 2) YELLOW- Kanchan, supergold, California

wonder, delux, small orange• CHILLI :- Indus 365, US730, angel, hungarian• CHERRY TOMATO:- Pusa cherry• SUMMER SQUASH:- Long green, pusa alankar,

dhoom 2, DS-8

NURSERY AT IARI NEW DELHI

SEEDLINGS RAISED IN NURSERY

PRECAUTIONS IN PROTECTED CULTIVATION

• All ventilation curtains should be closed during evening to night.

• Ventilation should be provided 2-3 hours in winter and 4 hours in summer.

• During winter season open shade net cover, summer from 11am - 4 pm cover shade net

• Drip irrigation mandatory• Fertigation schedulling 10-15 days interval• Pollination is must in tomato by blowers in

winter season