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Energy Part 1

Notes & HW

Name: ___________________________________________

Period: ______

Teacher: Ms. Hidalgo

1

Unit Activity List

Choice ActivityMinimum

Time

1 I/P(Blue Packet) Read p. 108-109

Complete Assess Your Understanding on p. 10910 mins

2 I/P (Green Packet) Fill in notes on page 5 5 mins

3 I/P (Green Packet) Answer questions #1-3 on page 11 10 mins

4 I(Green Packet) Add words and definitions to glossary

Energy & Work5 mins

5 I/P(Blue Packet) Read p. 110 – 113


6 G (Pink Packet) Complete Ball Drop Investigation on page 3 15 mins


8 I/P (Green Packet) Answer questions 4-9 on page 12 10 mins

9 I

(Green Packet) Add words and definitions to glossary

Kinetic Energy, Potential Energy, Gravitational Potential Energy, Elastic Potential Energy

10 mins




Mechanical energy5 mins




14 I/P (Green Packet) Answer question #10 on page 12 5 mins

15 I

(Green Packet) Add words and definitions to glossary

Nuclear energy, Thermal energy, Electrical Energy, Electromagnetic energy, Chemical Energy

10 mins

16 I/P (Blue Packet) Read p. 120 – 123 10 mins

3

Complete Assess Your Understanding on p. 123

17 I/P (Green Packet) Complete page 15 10 mins

18 I (Green Packet) Complete Page 16 10 mins

19 I/P (Green Packet) Complete Page 17 10 mins


Energy Transformation5 mins

21 G (Pink Packet) Conversions of Energy on page 4-5 20 mins



23 (Green Packet) Fill in notes on page 13 5 mins

24 (Green Packet) Complete Page 18-19 10 mins


Law of Conservation of Energy5 mins

26 I/P(Green Packet) Read pages 21-22

#CUBA10 mins

27 I/P (Green Packet) Complete Page 22-23 10 mins



30 I(Blue Packet) Read p. 126

#CUBA10 mins

31 I (Blue Packet) Complete p. 127-128 15 mins

32 G(Pink Packet) Energy Debate Planning Sheet on page 6-8

(Details on separate sheet)30 mins

33 I (Green Packet) Study Guide for Energy Test on page 27-28 X

*I – Independent, P – Partner, G – Group (3 to 4 students)

Title

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Questions/Main Ideas Notes

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oThe ability to do work or cause change

oForce exerted on an object that causes it to move (transfer of energy)

oPush or pull

o The rate at which energy is transferred

Summary:

Discussion Questions: 5

1. What does energy look like?

2. Can an object have no energy? If yes, when?

3. Where can you find energy?

Title

6

Kinetic Energy vs. Potential Energy

7


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Two main kinds of energy

o Energy an object has due to its motion

o Energy that results from the positon or shape of an object

o Potential energy related to an object’s height

o Potential energy associated with objects that can be compressed or stretched

Summary:

Kinetic Energy Potential Energy

Title

8

FORMS OF ENERGY

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Six main forms of energy

1. Energy associated with the motion, position or shape of an object

2. Type of potential energy stored in the nucleus of an atom

3. Total kinetic and potential energy of the particles in an object

4. The energy of electrical charges

5. Form of energy that travels through space in waves

6. Potential energy stored in chemical bonds

Summary:

Energy Questions

10

1. What is energy?

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2. Name two things that have energy.

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3. What is work?

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4. What is kinetic energy?

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5. Give an example of kinetic energy that is not in the textbook.

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6. What is potential energy? 11

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7. Give an example of potential energy that is not in the textbook.

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8. What is gravitational and elastic potential energy? Give examples of each.

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9. How are kinetic and potential energy different?

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10. List and describe the 6 forms of energy and give an example of each.

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Title

13


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All forms of energy can be transformed into other forms of energy

o Single transformation

o Multiple transformations

Energy cannot be created or destroyed.

Summary:

ENERGY CONVERSIONS

Energy can be converted (__________________________) from one form to another.

Think about the ENERGY CONVERSION taking place with a flashlight. Use the flow chart to show each form of energy.

ELECTRIC PENCIL SHARPENER:

HEATING PAD:

Draw the CONVERSION for the PLANT in the space below:

14

Energy Transformation (Conversion) Questions

1. What is an energy conversion?

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2. What energy conversion is accomplished by a toaster?

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3. What energy conversions are necessary to light a match?

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4. What energy conversions are done in a car’s engine?

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Energy Conversions at Home

Directio ns: Find 2 items at your home, different from the ones we used in class and identify the energy

needed, energy produced and where heat is being produced while the object is in operation.

Name of the item:

Energy Needed Energy ProducedWhere is the heat coming

from?

Name of the item:

Energy Needed Energy ProducedWhere is the heat coming

from?

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Potential and Kinetic Energy

The Pendulum:

1. When does the pendulum have the most potential energy?

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2. When does the pendulum have the most kinetic energy?

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3. Does the pendulum have more or less potential energy when the weight is lifted high over the

teacher’s head compared to when the weight is lifted waist high? How do you know?

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4. As the weight swings down, what is happening to the amount of potential energy and what is

happening to the amount of kinetic energy? How can you tell?

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5. As the weight swings upward, what is happening to the amount of potential energy and what is

happening to the amount of kinetic energy? How can you tell?

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Energy Questions

1. What kind of energy do you give a rubber band when it stretches?

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2. What kind of energy do you give the rubber band when you let it go?

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3. Look at the picture of the juggler and use the reading. What happens to the kinetic energy of the orange as it rises? Why?

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4. Look at the picture of the juggler and use the reading. What happens to the potential energy of the orange as it rises? Why?

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5. What happens to the kinetic energy and the potential energy of the orange as it falls?

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6. When a pole-vaulter is running, what kind of energy does he have?

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7. When a pole-vaulter’s pole bends, what kind of energy does it have?

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8. As the pole-vaulter’s pole straightens out, what kind of energy is given to the pole-vaulter?

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9. As the pole-vaulter falls, what kind of energy does he have?

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10. What kind of energy does a pendulum have at the highest point of its swing?

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11. What happens to the kinetic energy and the potential energy of the pendulum as it swings down?

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12. What kind of energy does a pendulum have at the bottom of its swing?

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13. What happens to the kinetic energy and the potential energy of the pendulum as it swings back up?_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Renewable Sources of Energy

Sources of energy that are constantly being supplied. Examples-Sunlight, wind, and trees are naturally replaced in a short amount of time.

Energy from the Sun

Solar energy-the sun constantly gives off energy in the form of light and heat. Solar energy does not cause pollution and it will not run out for billions of years.

Wind

Wind energy is free and does not cause pollution. Wind now provides less than one percent of the world’s electricity but it is the fastest growing

energy source.Water

As water flows over the land into lakes and oceans, it provides another source of energy. Hydroelectric power is electricity produced by flowing water. It is the most widely used source of

renewable energy in the world today. It is inexpensive and does not cause pollution.

Biomass fuels

Biomass fuels are fuels made from things that were once alive. o Examples: wood, leaves, food wastes, and manure.

Burning breaks down complicated materials in these fuels, releasing energy. Biomass materials can be converted into other fuels.

Biomass fuels are not widely used today.

Geothermal Energy

Geothermal Energy is when magma heats underground water to its boiling point and the hot water and steam are used as sources of energy.

Geothermal energy can be used to generate electricity and is an unlimited source of cheap energy.

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Non-Renewable Resources (Fossil Fuels)

A fuel is a substance that provides a form of energy-such as heat, light, electricity, or motion. The energy stored in fuels can be used to generate electricity. Fossil fuels are the energy-rich substances that formed from the remains of once-living organisms. Fossil fuels are made of hydro-carbons.

Three types of Fossil Fuels

1. Coal 2. Oil/Petroleum 3. Natural Gas

Coal

Coal is a solid fossil fuel formed from plant remains. Coal is burned to produce heat. Coal provides 23 percent of the energy used in the United States. Coal is the most plentiful fossil fuel in the U.S.

Oil/Petroleum

Oil is a thick, black liquid fossil fuel. It is formed from the remains of small animals, algae, and protists that lived in the ocean millions of years ago

Oil accounts for more than one third of the energy produced in the world. Oil is used for fuel for most cars, airplanes, trains, and ships. Only three percent of the world’s supply is located in the U.S. The difference must be purchased

from countries with large oil supplies.

Natural Gas

Natural Gas is a mixture of methane and other gases. Produces large amounts of energy and causes less pollution than oil and coal. It is easy to

transport through a network of pipelines underground. One disadvantage is gas is highly flammable.

Fuel Supply and Demand

Fossil fuels have become essential to modern life. Remember that fossil fuels take hundreds of millions of years to form. Fossil Fuels are considered nonrenewable resources-natural resources that are not replaced as

they are used.

Producing Electricity at a Power Plant

Different types of power plants produce electric energy by using different types of fuel.

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_____________________________________ Power Plant

Pros Cons

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Power Plant Comparison Sheet

Hydro-electric Dam

Nuclear Power Plant

Coal Fire Power Plant

Wind Turbines

Geothermal Power Plant

Time to Build

3 to 5 years 3 to 5 years 2 to 3 years 1 to 2 years 2 to 3 years

Cost to Build $100 million $100 million $50 million $25 million $50 million

Electricity Produced

(# of homes powered)

30, 000 homes can be

powered


powered


powered


powered


powered

Pollution Released

into Environmen

t

NoneFish damage

can occur

None(Nuclear

waste must be stored for thousands of

years)Nuclear

accident a possibility

SmokeMining and

drilling destroys the environment

Accidental fuel spills

None None

Fueled by Renewable

or Non-Renewable Resource

Renewable (Water)

Non- Renewable (Uranium)

Non- Renewable

(Coal)

Renewable (Wind)

Renewable (Heat and

steam from the Earth)

Location Needed

River ValleyAlong river for cooling

Can be built anywhere

Large open flat area

Near hot springs or

drilling deep into the

Earth

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Comparing Power Plants

Use the Power Plant Comparison Sheet to answer the following questions.

1. Which power plants would take the shortest time to build?

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2. Which power plants will be most environmentally and economically friendly?

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3. Which power plants will be the easiest to find a location within a city?

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4. Which power plants fuel will eventually run out?

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5. Which power plants can supply power to the largest number of homes?

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6. If you were given the opportunity to build a new power plant in White Plains, which type of power plant would you build? Support your decision by using at least 4 facts from the Power Plant Comparison Sheet.

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Energy Review Sheet

1. Define energy:

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2. Define kinetic energy:

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3. Define potential energy:

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4. Explain how potential and kinetic energy can change into each other (waterfall, pendulum):

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5. Identify the 6 FORMS of energy, and give a description AND an example of each:

Form of energy Definition Examples1 Mechanical Energy of moving parts walking, gears, pencil

sharpener

2 Chemical

3 Thermal

4 Electrical

5 Electromagnetic orRadiant

6 Nuclear

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6. Explain CONSERVATION of electricity.

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7. Trace energy conversions (changes) in common objects:

Object Starting Energy Form Form Energy Changes into

Generator

Flashlight

Candle

8. Identify 6 SOURCES of our energy that we convert into electricity.

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9. Trace the energy changes (conversions) that take place between a SOURCE of energy and the

making of electricity. Example – List the steps that turn coal into electricity.

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10. What is a renewable energy source? What is non-renewable energy source? Be able to identify all

sources of energy as either renewable or nonrenewable.

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Glossary

Word Definition

29

Word Definition

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