(vi-7-2) test requirements for electrical / electronic equipment and

Rules for Classification and Construction VI Additional Rules and Guidelines

7 Guidelines for the Performance of Type Approvals

2 Test Requirements for Electrical / Electronic Equipment and Systems

Edition 2012

The following Guidelines come into force on 1 September 2012.

Alterations to the preceding Edition are marked by beams at the text margin.

Germanischer Lloyd SE

Head Office Brooktorkai 18, 20457 Hamburg, Germany

Phone: +49 40 36149-0 Fax: +49 40 36149-200

[email protected]

www.gl-group.com

"General Terms and Conditions" of the respective latest edition will be applicable (see Rules for Classification and Construction, I - Ship Technology, Part 0 - Classification and Surveys).

Reproduction by printing or photostatic means is only permissible with the consent of Germanischer Lloyd SE.

Published by: Germanischer Lloyd SE, Hamburg

Table of Contents

Section 1 General Conditions

A. Scope .......................................................................................................................................... 1- 1 B. Reference to other Rules and Regulations .................................................................................. 1- 1 C. Definitions .................................................................................................................................. 1- 1 D. Documents for Submission ......................................................................................................... 1- 1

Section 2 Requirements to be met by the Products

A. General ....................................................................................................................................... 2- 1 B. Environmental Categories .......................................................................................................... 2- 1

Section 3 Test Requirements

A. General ....................................................................................................................................... 3- 1 B. Tests ........................................................................................................................................... 3- 1

1. Visual inspection ............................................................................................................... 3- 1 2. Performance test ................................................................................................................ 3- 2 3. Power supply failure .......................................................................................................... 3- 2 4. Power supply variations ..................................................................................................... 3- 2 5. Cold ................................................................................................................................... 3- 3 6. Dry heat ............................................................................................................................. 3- 4 7. Damp heat .......................................................................................................................... 3- 4 8. Salt mist ............................................................................................................................. 3- 5 9. Vibrations .......................................................................................................................... 3- 6 10. Inclinations ........................................................................................................................ 3- 8 11. Flammability ...................................................................................................................... 3- 8 12. Pressure test ....................................................................................................................... 3- 9 13. Insulation resistance ........................................................................................................... 3- 10 14. High voltage ....................................................................................................................... 3- 10 15. Electrostatic discharge ....................................................................................................... 3- 10 16. Electromagnetic fields ....................................................................................................... 3- 12 17. Conducted fast transients (burst) ........................................................................................ 3- 14 18. Conducted high frequency interference ............................................................................. 3- 14 19. Conducted slow transients (surge) ..................................................................................... 3- 16 20. Conducted low frequency interference (harmonics) .......................................................... 3- 18 21. Conducted emissions ......................................................................................................... 3- 20 22. Radiated emissions from enclosure port ............................................................................ 3- 20

VI - Part 7 GL 2012

Table of Contents Chapter 2

Section 1

General Conditions

A. Scope

1. These Guidelines apply to electrical, electro-mechanical and electronic equipment, computers and peripherals.

2. The scope of the tests required for a specific product will be determined on a case by case basis by GL depending on the product, its use and the envi-ronmental category to which it belongs.

3. GL reserve the right, in justifiable cases, to request the performance of additional tests.

4. Electrical and electronic equipment on board ships, required neither by classification rules nor by international conventions, liable to cause electromag-netic disturbance shall be of a type which fulfils the test requirements of Section 3, B.21 and B.22.

B. Reference to other Rules and Regulations

1. These Guidelines are based on the IACS Uni-fied Requirements E10, "Testing Procedure for Elec-trical, Control and Instrumentation Equipment, Com-puters and Peripherals covered by Classification".

2. In connection with these Guidelines also ap-ply the GL Guidelines for Procedure (VI-7-1) as well as the GL Rules for Electrical Installations (I-1-3) and Automation (I-1-4).

3. Navigation and radiocommunication equip-ment and systems will be tested and approved in ac-cordance with IEC publication 60945 "Maritime navi-gation and radiocommunication equipment and sys-tems, General requirements, Methods of testing and required test results".

The relevant test and performance standards for spe-cific equipment and systems like SOLAS 74 as am-mended, IMO instruments and IEC or ISO Publica-tions are to be observed.

4. Other standards may be recognised, provided that they are equivalent or higher graded.

C. Definitions

1. Electric/electronic equipment

Electric/electronic equipment are products such as systems, appliances or components which consist of mechanical, electrical and electronic parts and combi-nations thereof.

2. Computer systems

Computer systems are equipment or systems such as PC, workstation or programmable controls which spe-cific functions are designated by application software.

3. Peripherals

Peripherals are devices such as monitors, keyboards, sensors or actuators which are necessary for process monitoring and control.

4. Equipment subject to type approval

Equipment subject to type approval refers to all prod-ucts (systems, appliances and components) identified as such in the relevant Rules for Classification and Construction.

5. Environmental categories

Classification of equipment on the basis of the ex-pected environmental conditions, with regard to the necessary test conditions (temperature, relative humid-ity, vibrations).

D. Documents for Submission

1. Documents shall be submitted in accordance with the GL Guidelines for Procedure (VI-7-1), Sec-tion 3, B.

2. In addition, in the case of computers and computer systems, documents shall be submitted in accordance with the GL Rules for Electrical Installa-tions (I-1-3), Section 10.

3. The lists contained in the above Regulations are by way of example. If necessary, further docu-ments may be required.

VI - Part 7 GL 2012

Section 1 General Conditions Chapter 2Page 1–1

D

Section 2

Requirements to be met by the Products

A. General

The requirements to be met by the products in terms of design, choice of materials, functions and opera-tional conditions are set out in the relevant Rules for Classification and Construction and associated Guide-lines.

B. Environmental Categories

The products will be allocated to the environmental categories A to H.

The assignment of the environmental categories to the test conditions is specified in Section 3, Table 3.34.

VI - Part 7 GL 2012

Section 2 Requirements to be met by the Products Chapter 2Page 2–1

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Section 3

Test Requirements

A. General

1. Choice of equipment under test

In the case of series-manufactured products, the equipment under test (EUT) shall be taken from the current production cycle. The choice of equipment under test shall be agreed with GL.

If the equipment under test is a prototype, GL reserve the right to carry out subsequent comparative tests on series-manufactured products.

2. Test sequence

There is no pre-defined test sequence. Before the start of the tests, the manufacturer shall determine the sequence and notify GL accordingly.

All the tests required for the product shall be per-formed on one equipment under test. Any alternative arrangements are subject to consent.

3. Procedure of immunity tests to electro-magnetic environment

For these tests the EUT shall conform to its normal operational configuration, mounting and earthing arrangements and shall operate under mentioned test conditions.

Particular interfaces of the EUT with the external electromagnetic environment are referred to as ports. The physical boundary of the EUT through which electromagnetic fields may radiate or impinge is the enclosure port.

Differential tests (line/line) are those applied between electrical power, signal and control lines.

Common mode tests (line/earth) are those applied between groups of lines and a common reference, normally earth.

For the tests the results are evaluated against per-formance criteria relating to the operating conditions and functional specifications of the EUT, and defined as follows:

– performance criterion A:

The EUT shall continue to operate as intended during and after the test. No degradation of per-formance or loss of function is allowed, as de-fined in the relevant equipment standard and in the technical specification published by the manufacturer.

Example of use: Equipment subject to the Rules for Classification and Construction except for the tests "Electrostatic Dis-charge, Conducted fast transients (burst) and Con-ducted slow transients (surge) ".

– performance criterion B:

The EUT shall continue to operate as intended after the test. No degradation of performance or loss of function is allowed, as defined in the rele-vant equipment standard in the technical specifi-cation published by the manufacturer. During the test, degradation or loss of function or perform-ance which is self-recoverable is, however, al-lowed, but no change of actual operating state or stored data is allowed.

Example of use: Equipment not subject to the Rules for Classification and Construction and the tests "Electrostatic Dis-charge, Conducted fast transients (burst) and con-ducted slow transients (surge)" for equipment subject to the Rules.

– performance criterion C:

Temporary degradation or loss of function or performance is allowed during the test, provided the function is self-recoverable, or can be re-stored at the end of the test by the operation of the controls, as defined in the relevant equipment standard and in the technical specification pub-lished by the manufacturer:

Example of use: Equipment not subject to the Rules for Classification and Construction.

B. Tests

1. Visual inspection

The equipment under test is tested for conformity with:

– GL Rules for Classification and Construction and Additional Rules and Guidelines

– the manufacturer's specifications

– the design drawings

– the specified standards

VI - Part 7 GL 2012

Section 3 Test Requirements Chapter 2Page 3–1

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1.1 Test procedure

Not specified

1.2 Test conditions

According to the environmental category

1.3 General instructions for test performance

The visual inspection is carried out before com-mencement of type approval and shall be repeated as necessary after each stage of the test with a view to detecting visible damage to the equipment under test.

1.4 Test result

The test is deemed to have been passed if the equip-ment under test meets the requirements of GL Rules for Classification and Construction and Regulations, as well as the requirements of the specification and the documentation and does not show evidence of any visible damage.

2. Performance test

The functions (switching points, characteristic curves, self-monitoring, etc.) are to be demonstrated.

2.1 Test procedure

Basis: Rules for Classification and Construction, product specification.

2.2 Test conditions

The tests are performed at the rated operational volt-age Ue.

Table 3.1 External environmental conditions in the test laboratory

Temperature + 15 °C to + 35 °C

Relative humidity 30 % to 90 %

Atmospheric pressure 860 hPa to 1060 hPa


The functions to be tested shall be performed in ac-cordance with the requirements of GL Rules for Clas-sification and Construction and Regulations and the characteristic features of the equipment under test. International testing standards for specific equipment e.g. measuring relays and protection equipment are to be observed and may require additional testing.

2.4 Test result

The test is deemed to have been passed if the speci-fied functions are demonstrated, the results fall within the specified tolerance limits and no damage to the equipment under test is detected.

3. Power supply failure

This test serves to demonstrate that on restoration of the power supply no damage is caused to the equip-ment under test and malfunctions occur.

3.1 Test procedure

Not specified

3.2 Test conditions

In the case of electrical components, the tests are per-formed at the rated operational voltage Ue and, in the case of hydraulic/pneumatic components, at the rated control pressure.

– 3 interruptions within a 5-minute period

– 30 s pause between switching off and switching back on.


None

3.4 Test result

The test is deemed to have been passed if the specified functions are demonstrated, the results fall within the specified tolerance limits and no damage to the equip-ment under test is detected.

4. Power supply variations

This test serves to demonstrate that in the event of power supply variations no damage is caused to the equipment under test and no permanent or temporary malfunctions occur.

4.1 Procedure

Not specified

4.2 Test conditions

In the case of electrical components, the basis for the tests is the rated operational voltage Ue and, in the case of hydraulic/pneumatic components, the rated control pressure, in accordance with the equipment specifica-tion.

Voltage- and frequency deviations refer to the system nominal voltage and frequency. The range of the sys-tem nominal voltage and frequency within the test conditions are fulfilled shall be specified.

Chapter 2 Page 3–2

Section 3 Test Requirements VI - Part 7GL 2012

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Table 3.2 Electrical supply (alternating current)

Voltage deviation (permanent)

Frequency deviation (permanent)

+ 6 % + 5 %

+ 6 % – 5 %

– 10 % – 5 %

– 10 % + 5 %

Voltage deviation (short-term, 1,5 s)

Frequency deviation (short-term, 5 s)

+ 20 % + 10 %

– 20 % – 10 %

Table 3.3 Electrical supply (rectified alternating current)

Voltage deviation (permanent) ± 10 %

Table 3.4 Electrical battery supply for equip-ment connected to the battery during charging

Voltage deviation

+ 30 %

– 25 %

Table 3.5 Electrical battery supply for equip-ment not connected to the battery during charging

Voltage deviation

+ 20 %

– 25 %

Table 3.6 Pneumatic/hydraulic power supply

Control pressure deviation

+ 20 %

– 20 %

Test duration: 15 minutes per test


If the test duration is not specified, the test shall be performed until such time as a stationary condition is achieved.

4.4 Test result


5. Cold

This test serves to demonstrate that under the influence of cold no damage is caused to the equipment under test and no permanent or temporary malfunctions oc-cur.

5.1 Test procedure

Basis: IEC publication 60068-2-1

– Test A): for products inside the ship

– Test B): for products on the open deck or in cold areas.

5.2 Test conditions

The functional tests are performed at the rated opera-tional voltage Ue.

Table 3.7 A) Products installed inside the ship

Test chamber conditions (Fig. 3.1)

Temperature 5 °C ± 3 °C

Test duration 2 h

Table 3.8 B) Products installed on the open deck or in cold areas


Temperature – 25 °C ± 3 °C

Test duration 2 h


Before commencing the test an insulation resistance measurement shall be taken in accordance with test No. 13.

The equipment under test is placed in the test chamber at room temperature and remains connected, but not switched on, during the cooling phase and throughout the test. During the final 60 minutes of the test func-tional tests shall be performed at test temperature.

VI - Part 7 GL 2012


B

Once the test is complete and the equipment under test has reached room temperature once again, a fur-ther functional test shall be performed, as well as, as a retest, the insulation resistance measurement in accordance with test No. 13.

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5.4 Test result

The test is deemed to have been passed if the speci-fied functions are demonstrated, the values of the insulation resistance measurement fall within the specified tolerance limits and no damage to the equipment under test is detected.

6. Dry heat

This test serves to demonstrate that under the influ-ence of dry heat no damage is caused to the equip-ment under test and no permanent or temporary mal-function occur.

6.1 Test procedure


– Test A): products without increased heat stress

– Test B): products with increased heat stress or on the open deck.

6.2 Test conditions


Note

Equipment to be mounted in consoles or switchboards together with other equipment shall be tested in accordance with test B).

Table 3.9 A) Products installed in areas with-out increased heat stress



Relative humidity at test temperature ≤ 50 %

Test duration 16 h

Table 3.10 B) Products installed in areas with increased heat stress or on the open deck



Relative humidity at test temperature ≤ 50 %

Test duration after the EUT has reached the test temperature 16 h


The equipment under test is placed in the test chamber at room temperature and remains connected and switched on throughout the test.

During the final 60 minutes of the test functional tests shall be performed

Once the equipment under test has reached room tem-perature once again a further functional test shall be performed.

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Fig. 3.2 Dry heat test cycle

6.4 Test result


7. Damp heat

This test serves to demonstrate that under the influence of damp heat no damage is caused to the equipment under test and no permanent or temporary malfunctions occur.

7.1 Test procedure


– Test Db

7.2 Test conditions


Table 3.11 Test chamber conditions (Fig. 3.3)

Temperature 55 °C ± 2 °C Relative humidity 95 % 1 Test duration 2 test cycles 2 × (12 + 12 h)1 For tolerances see Fig. 3.3



B


Before commencing the test an insulation resistance measurement shall be taken in accordance with test No. 13.

The equipment under test is placed in the test cham-ber at room temperature. The test should start before the first cycle with a stabilizing period with 25 °C ± 3 °C and at least 95 % humidity for maximum 1 hour remains connected and switched on through-out the first test cycle. During the second test cycle the equipment under test is switched off except for the functional tests.

Functional tests shall be performed at test tempera-ture within the first 2 hours of the first and the last 2 hours of the second test cycle.

Once the equipment under test has reached room tem-perature once again a further functional test shall be performed, as well as, as a retest, the insulation resis-tance measurement in accordance with test No. 13.

7.4 Test result


8. Salt mist This test serves to demonstrate that under the influence of a saline atmosphere no damage (corrosion) is caused to the components of the equipment under test and no functional affections occur. This test is only performed on products which are to be installed on the open deck area.

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VI - Part 7 GL 2012


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8.1 Test procedure


– Test Kb

8.2 Test conditions


Table 3.12 Basic requirements

Severity level 1

Number of sprayings 4

Storage period in damp chamber 7 days, after each spraying

Table 3.13 Spray chamber conditions

Spray duration 2 hours

Temperature + 25 °C ± 10 °C

Saline solution

5 % sodium chloride (NACl); pH value 6,5 % to 7,2 % at 20 °C ± 2 °C

Table 3.14 Damp chamber conditions (storage)


Relative humidity 93 % + 2 % / – 3 %

8.3 General instructions for test performance Before commencing the test an insulation resistance measurement shall be taken in accordance with test No. 13 and a functional test shall be performed. During the test the equipment under test is connected but is not switched on. The test consists of 4 sprayings and 7 days' storage period functional tests shall be performed. On the 7th day of each storage period functional tests shall be performed. On completion of the test a functional test is per-formed and an insulation resistance measurement taken in accordance with test No. 13 and the condition of the equipment under test is evaluated (visual in-spection).

8.4 Test result

The test is deemed to have been passed if the equip-ment under test exhibits no visible corrosion, the specified functions are demonstrated and the values of

the insulation resistance measurement fall within the specified tolerance limits.

9. Vibrations

This test serves to demonstrate that under the influ-ence of external initiated vibrations no damage is caused to the equipment under test and no permanent or temporary malfunctions occur.

9.1 Test procedure


– Test Fc

9.2 Test conditions


Equipment under test with a mass of ≥ 100 kg for characteristic curve 1 or ≥ 10 kg for characteristic curves 2a/b can be tested with reduced acceleration values, but the acceleration values may not be smaller than 0,35 g for characteristic curve 1 and 0,7 g for characteristic curve 2. The requirements shall be agreed with GL.

Table 3.15 General vibration strain (characteristic curve 1)

Vibration strain (Fig. 3.4)

Displacement Acceleration

2 (+ 3 / – 0) Hz up to 13,2 Hz ± 1,0 mm

13,2 Hz up to 100 Hz 0,7 g

Sweep rate max. 1 oktave / minute

The characteristic curve 1 applies to equipment and components which, in view of their mounting position, do not have to meet stringent requirements.

Table 3.16 High vibration strain (characteristic curve 2a)



2 (+ 3 / – 0) Hz up to 25 Hz ± 1,6 mm

25 Hz up to 100 Hz 4 g

Sweep rate max. 1 oktave / minute

The characteristic curve 2a applies to equipment and components operated on compressors or in the steer-ing gear compartment, as well as under other compa-rable mounting conditions.



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Table 3.17 High vibration strain (curve 2b)

Vibration strain (Fig.. 3.4)


2 (+ 3 / – 0) Hz to 25 Hz ± 1,6 mm

25 Hz to 300 Hz 4,0 g

Sweep rate max. 1 octave/minute

The characteristic curve 2b applies for electric and electronic equipment mounted on combustion engines.

This test applies only for new equipment after the 2 January 2013 and shall be performed at a tempera-ture of 90 °C.

Table 3.18 Extreme vibration strain (characteristic curve 3)


Temperature Acceleration

40 Hz up to 2000 Hz 600 °C 10,0 g

Sweep rate max. 1 oktave/ minute The characteristic curve 3 applies to equipment and components installed on the exhaust gas pipes of die-sel engines, especially for medium and high speed engines. The minimum strain is:

If even more severe vibration strain is expected at the location in question, the latter shall be considered for the test.

VI - Part 7 GL 2012


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Table 3.19 Vibration strain on masts (characteristic curve 4)



2 (+ 3 / – 0) Hz up to 15 Hz ± 2,5 mm

15 Hz up to 50 Hz 2,3 g

Sweep rate max. 1 oktave / minute The characteristic curve 4 applies to equipment and components installed on masts.


The equipment under test is fastened by means of its fastening devices in its normal mounting position in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.

The tests are performed in three mutually perpendicu-lar axes (X:Y:Z).

During the tests the functions shall be demonstrated on the equipment under test.

At the start of the test the points of resonance of each axis are determined.

If points of resonance are determined at tests accord-ing to curve 1, 2 and 4 on the equipment under test which have an amplification factor Q < 2, the test duration is 90 minutes per axis at a frequency of 30 Hz. For tests according to curve 3 a sweep over the complete frequency range with a duration of 120 minutes has to be performed in that case.

If points of resonance are determined on the equip-ment under test which have an amplification factor Q ≥ 2, the test duration is 90 minutes per resonance frequency.

In the case of several resonance frequencies are de-tected close to each other a sweep test can be chosen. The test duration is 120 minutes.

9.4 Test result


10. Inclinations

This test serves to demonstrate that under the influ-ence of inclinations the equipment under test remains operational and no unintentional switching operations or functional changes occur.

10.1 Test procedure

Not specified

10.2 Test conditions


Table 3.20 Inclinations

Static Dynamic

Vertical ± 22,5 ° up to ± 22,5 ° 1

Horizontal ± 22,5 ° up to ± 22,5 ° 1

Rolling period − 10 seconds

Test duration per level 2 min. 15 minutes1 On ships for the carriage of liquefied gases and chemicals, the

emergency power supply is to remain operational up to a maximum athwart ship inclination of ± 30°.

2 The duration of the test should be sufficient to allow the be-haviour of the equipment under test to be evaluated.


The equipment under test is fastened by means of its fastening devices in its normal mounting position in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.

10.4 Test result


11. Flammability

The flammability test is applicable to electrotechnical equipment, its sub-assemblies and components and to solid electrical insulating materials or other combus-tible materials. The tests serves to demonstrate that the fire hazard inside of electrotechnical equipment (end-products) by an electrically induced ignition is minimized and a propagation of fire is limited to the inner housing of the electrotechnical equipment

11.1 Test procedure

The following tests for the provision of the fire haz-ard should be performed after coordination with GL:

– glow-wire test to according to

IEC Publication 60695-2-11

– needle-flame test according to

IEC Publication 60695-11-5

Alternatively material specific according to IEC 60695-11-10, UL 94 or IEC 60695-2-12 may be accepted.



B


Table 3.21 Flammability

Test IEC 60695-11-5

Test IEC 60695-2-11

Number of specimen 3 1

Flame length 12 mm ± 1 mm – 960 °C

Angle of application

45° from the Horizontal Vertical

Test duration per test specimen 30 seconds 30 seconds

Number of flames 1 3

Test specimen EUT EUT


The needle flame test is used to simulate the effect of small flames that may arise in malfunctioning electri-cal equipment. A 12 mm high flame held at a 45° angle is applied to the base of the EUT for a specified period of time. Tissue paper is laid out 200 mm be-neath the test specimen. The needle flame test should be used only for small parts.

The glow-wire test is used to evaluate the risk of fire hazard. Cover and non-conducting material should be tested at 960 °C ±10 °C for 30 s.

11.4 Test result

11.4.1 Test according to IEC 60695-11-5

The test is deemed to have been passed if the follow-ing conditions are observed on the plastic compo-nents of the equipment under test (housing, cover-ings):

– no flame, no incandescence or

– in the event of a flame or incandescence being present, it shall extinguish itself within 30 s of the removal of the needle flame without full combustion of the test specimen.

Any dripping material shall extinguish itself in such a way as not to ignite a wrapping tissue. The drip height is 200 mm ± 5 mm.

11.4.2 Test according to IEC 60695-2-11

The glow-wire test should not be used for small equipment or components, as listed in the above mentioned testing standard. Small equipment or components should be tested with the needle-flame test in 11.4.1.

When flames were emitted during the glow-wire test, additional tests according to the above mentioned IEC e.g. with needle flame may be required.

The test is considered passed if no flame or no incan-descence have occurred or

– any flames or glowing on the test specimen extinguish not later than 30 seconds after re-moval of the glow-wire

– no ignition of the silk paper while dripping of the material

11.4.3 Test material specific

Classification V-0 and V-1 according to IEC 60695-11-10 or UL 94 may be accepted depending on the thickness of the material is the same as on the test specimen.

V-2 classified material should be additionally tested by the needle flame test.

The glow wire flammability index GWFI according to IEC Publication 60695-2-12 should be 850 °C or higher at the related thickness of the material.

12. Pressure test

This test serves to demonstrate that components of electrical equipment exposed to pneumatic or hydrau-lic also withstand such pressures.

12.1 Test procedure

Basis:

GL Guidelines Test Requirements for Components and Systems of Mechanical Engineering and Off-shore Technology (VI-7-8)


Pressure and tightness tests are to be performed at room temperature. For the burst pressure test the test specimen is to be subjected to a continuously raised pressure up to the test pressure.


During the test the equipment under test is connected and switched on.

12.4 Test results

The test is deemed to have been passed if no perma-nent deformations or other damages occur on the pressurized parts at the specimen and if no inadmissi-ble leakages on the body or the closures can be de-tected.

The burst pressure test is deemed to have been passed if the test pressure can be maintained over the test duration without leakage and if no other damage can be detected on the test specimen.

VI - Part 7 GL 2012


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Table 3.22 Pressure tests

Pressure test Tightness test of the closure Burst pressure test

Test pressure 1,5 × nominal pressure Nominal pressure 4 × nominal pressure or maximum allowable working pressure

Test medium Water or water-oil emulsion Water or water-oil emulsion Water or water-oil emulsion

Test duration 2 min 2 min 2 min

13. Insulation resistance This test serves to demonstrate that the insulation resistance at the electrical connections of the equip-ment under test remains within the specified tolerance limits. The insulation resistance shall be measured before and, as a test, subsequent to the following tests:

– cold (Test No. 5) – damp heat (Test No. 7) – salt mist (Test No. 8) – high voltage (Test No. 14)

13.1 Test procedure Not specified


Table 3.23 Insulation resistance

Min. insulation resistance

Rated operational

voltage Ue

[AC/DC]

Test voltage

[DC] before [MΩ]

after [MΩ]

≤ 65 V 2 × Ue, min. 24 V

10 1

> 65 V 500 V 100 10

13.3 General instructions for test performance Where practicable, the test is performed on all connec-tions as follows:

– all connections in relation to frame potential – connections against each other

Certain components e.g. for EMC protection may be required to be disconnected for this test

13.4 Test results

The test is deemed to have been passed if the values are not lower than those specified in the table.

14. High voltage This test serves to demonstrate that the dielectrical characteristics at the electrical connections of the equipment under test meet the requirements of the test standard, against each other and in relation to the frame potential.

14.1 Test procedure Not specified

14.2 Test conditions The test is performed with alternating current at 50 Hz or 60 Hz.

Table 3.24 High voltage

Rated operational voltageUe [V]

Test voltage Ueff [V]

up to 65 2 × Ue + 500

66 up to 250 1500

251 up to 500 2000

501 up to 690 2500

Test duration 1 minute per test

14.3 General instructions for test performance The test is performed on all connections with a corre-sponding test voltage, for each voltage potential:

– connections against each other – whereby all connections of equal potential are

interconnected

The following applies to equipment fitted with protec-tive circuit: Application of the test voltage may activate the surge protection devices, which shall disconnect the test voltage. Once the rated operational voltage has been switched on, the equipment under test shall be restored to operation without the need for replacement parts. If so, printed circuits with electronic components may be removed during the test.

14.4 Test results The test is deemed to have been passed if no flashover is observed.

15. Electrostatic discharge

This test serves to demonstrate that under the influ-ence of electrostatic discharges no damage is caused to the equipment under test and no permanent mal-functions occur.



B

Table 3.25 Electrostatic discharge

Contact discharge

Air discharge

Severity level 3

Test voltage 6 kV 8 kV

Test duration per test point min. 10 individual discharges per polarity

Time between individual discharges min. 1 second

Wave form parameters – first peak current of discharge – rise time – current at 30 ns – current at 60 ns

22,5 A

0,7 to 1 ns

12 A 6 A

15.1 Test procedure Basis: IEC publication 61000-4-2.


During the test, the equipment under test is operated at its rated operational voltage Ue.


The tests are performed in accordance with the IEC publication.

Electrostatic discharge will be performed at all hose points and surfaces of the equipment under test which can be touched by persons during operation.

The following methods are used:

– contact discharge on conductive surfaces and coupling planes

– air discharge on insulating surfaces

Example of a test set-up for freestanding equipment is given in Fig. 3.5, for table-top equipment in Fig. 3.6.

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VI - Part 7 GL 2012


B

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16. Electromagnetic fields

This test serves to demonstrate that under the influ-ence of electromagnetic fields no damage is caused to the equipment under test and nor permanent or tem-porary malfunctions occur.

16.1 Test procedure

Basis: IEC publication 61000-4-3.


During the test the equipment under test is operated at its rated operational voltage Ue.


The tests are performed in accordance with the IEC publication. During the test functional tests shall be performed on the equipment under test.

Table 3.26 Test chamber conditions

Severity level 3

Frequency range 80 MHz to 2 GHz

Sweep rate ≤ 1,5 × 10-3 dec/s (1%/ 3s)

Field strength 10 V/m

Modulation AM 80% at 1000 Hz1 sinewave

Polarization vertically and horizontally

1 If for tests of equipment an input signal with a modulation frequency of 1000 Hz is necessary a modulation frequency of 400 Hz should be chosen.

If the wiring to and from the equipment under test is not specified, unshielded parallel conductors as usual in shipbuilding shall be used.

Examples of a test set-up are given in Fig. 3.7 and Fig. 3.8.



B

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Fig. 3.8 Example of test set-up for table-top equipment

VI - Part 7 GL 2012


B

Table 3.27 Conducted fast transients (burst)

Power connections

Data, control and

communications connections

Severity level 3

Coupling line / earth

Test voltage (open circuit) 2 kV 1 kV

Polarity positive / negative

Repetition rate of pulses 5 kHz 5 kHz

Waveshape of voltage 5 / 50 ns

Burst-duration 15 ms

Burst-period 300 ms

Test duration per polarity and test point 5 Minutes

17. Conducted fast transients (burst)

This test serves to demonstrate that under the influ-ence of interference on power and signal connections which may occur at switching contacts as a result of arcs, no damage is caused to the equipment under test and no permanent malfunctions occur.

No damage, no permanent or temporary malfunction shall occur on equipment under test with software class requirement 4 or higher, or required by specific testing standards e.g. protection relays.

17.1 Test procedure



During the test the equipment under test is operated as its rated operational voltage Ue, on which the test voltage is superimposed.


The tests are performed in accordance with the IEC publication. During the test functional tests shall be performed on the equipment under test. The test is performed at the feed lines and on external control, data and communications lines.

If a galvanic coupling on the connections of the equipment under test is not possible a capacitive cou-pling clamp shall be used.


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18. Conducted high frequency interference This test serves to demonstrate that under the influ-ence of interference which may occur on power and signalling lines as a result of HF signal radiation, no damage is caused to the equipment under test and no permanent or temporary malfunction occur.

18.1 Test method



During the test the equipment under test is operated at its rated operational voltage Ue, on which the test signal is superimposed.



The power supply lines shall be treated directly while signal and data lines shall be treated via a coupling clamp.

During application of HF interferences functional tests shall be performed on the equipment under test.


Table 3.28 Conducted high frequency interfer-ence

Severity level 2 Coupling line / earth Carrier signal (open circuit) 3 Veff (130 dBµV) 1

Frequency range 150 kHz to 80 MHz

Modulation AM 80 % at 1000 Hz sinewave 2

Sweep rate ≤ 1,5 × 10-3 dec/s (1 %/ 3 s) 1 For equipment installed on bridge deck and deck zone the test levels shall be increased to 10 Veff for spot frequencies in accordance with IEC 60945 at 2 MHz, 3 MHz, 4 MHz, 6,2 MHz, 8,2 MHz, 12,6 MHz, 16,5 MHz, 18,8 MHz, 22 MHz, 25 MHz. 2 If for tests of equipment an input signal with a modulation frequency of 1000 Hz is necessary a modulation frequency of 400 Hz should be chosen.

VI - Part 7 GL 2012


B

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19. Conducted slow transients (surge)

This test serves to demonstrate that under the influ-ence of interference which may occur on power lines (AC and DC) as a result of high-energy interference (switching overvoltages caused by inductive loads), no damage is caused to the equipment under test and no permanent malfunctions occur.

No damage, no permanent or temporary malfunction shall occur on equipment under test with software class requirement 4 or higher, or required by specific testing standards e.g. protection relays.

19.1 Test procedure



During the test the equipment under test is operated at its rated operational voltage Ue, on which the test pulse is superimposed.

If the equipment under test has been fitted a standard with suppressors at its connections, these protective devices shall be included in the test.



B

Table 3.29 Conducted slow transients (surge)

Coupling

line / line line / earth

Severity level 2

Test voltage (open circuit) 0,5 kV 1 kV

Polarity positive / negative

Waveshape of voltage 1,2 / 50 μs

Repetition rate min. 1 pulse / minute

Test duration per test point min. 5 pulses/ Polarity



During application of interferences functional tests shall be performed on the equipment under test.

Equipment under test using the same lines for power supply and signal transmission are to be tested accord-ing to Fig. 3.15.

This applies also to data, control and communication connections of the equipment under test, which may get direct connection to power lines by external wiring required by applications. Examples of a test set-up are given in Fig. 3.13 to Fig. 3.15.

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VI - Part 7 GL 2012


B

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20. Conducted low frequency interference (harmonics)

This test serves to demonstrate that under the influ-ence of interference caused in power supply networks as a result of system perturbations no damage is caused to the equipment under test and no permanent or temporary malfunctions occur.

20.1 Test procedure

Not specified


During the test the equipment under test is operated at its rated operational voltage Ue, on which the test voltage is superimposed, and, where necessary, at its rated operational current Ie.

Table 3.30 DC supply voltage

Signal level (sine) 3 Veff, max. 2 W

Frequency range 50 Hz to 10 kHz

Sweep range 1,5 × 10-3 dec/s (1%/ 3s)

Test duration see 20.3

Table 3.31 AC 50/60 Hz supply voltage:

Test level: Ueff, max. 2 W (Fig. 3.17)

– up to 15th harmonics 10 % of Ue

– 15th to 100th harmonics decreasing from 10 %

to 1 % of Ue

– 100th to 200th harmonics 1 % of Ue

Test duration see 20.3



B


The test signal is injected into the supply voltage via a coupling transformer (Fig. 3.16). The impedance should be < 1 Ω. The coupling transformer shall be designed in such a way that it can also support the rated current of the equipment under test without

reaching saturation point.

The harmonics shall be reciprocally tested at supply voltages of AC 50/60 Hz. The sweep rate shall be sufficiently slow to allow influences on the opera-tional behaviour of the equipment under test to be readily detected.

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Fig. 3.17 Signal voltage for AC supply voltages

VI - Part 7 GL 2012


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21. Conducted emissions

This test measures any signals generated by equip-ment which appear on its power supply port and which can, therefore, be conducted into the power supply, and potentially disturb other ship's equip-ment.

21.1 Test procedure

Basis: CISPR 16-1, 16-2.


During the test the equipment under test is operated at its rated operational voltage Ue.

Table 3.32 Conducted emissions

Site Frequency range Limits

Bridge and open deck zone

– EMC 1 1

10 kHz – 150 kHz 150 kHz – 350 kHz 350 kHz – 30 MHz

96 dBµV – 50 dBµV 60 dBµV – 50 dBµV

50 dBµV

General power distribution zone

– EMC 2 1

10 kHz – 150 kHz 150 kHz – 500 kHz 500 kHz – 30 MHz

120 dBµV – 69 dBµV 79 dBµV 73 dBµV

1 see Table 3.34


The emission shall be measured by means of the quasi-peak measuring receivers specified in CISPR 16-1-1. An artificial mains network in accordance with CISPR 16-2 shall be used.

The measuring bandwidth in the frequency range 10 kHz to 150 kHz shall be 200 Hz, and in the fre-quency range 150 kHz to 30 MHz shall be 9 kHz.

The power input cables between the AC and DC power ports of the EUT and the artificial mains net-work shall be screened and not exceed 0,8 m in length. Longer power cords shall be folded into a serpentine-like bundle and not coiled. If the EUT consists of more than one unit with individual AC and/or DC power ports, power ports of identical nominal supply voltage may be connected in parallel to the artificial mains supply network.

Measurements shall be made with all measuring equipment and the EUT mounted on, and bonded to, an earth plane. Where provision of an earth plane is not practicable, equivalent arrangements shall be made using the metallic frame or mass of the EUT as the earth reference.

21.4 Test result

The radio-frequency voltage at the power supply terminals of the EUT shall not exceed the limits shown in Fig. 3.18.

22. Radiated emissions from enclosure port

This test measures any signals radiated by an equip-ment which can potentially disturb other equipment.

22.1 Test procedure

Basis: CISPR 16-1, 16-2.


During the test the equipment under test is operated of its rated operational voltage Ue.

Table 3.33 Radiated emissions from enclosure port

Site Frequency range Limits

Bridge and open deck zone

– EMC 1 1

150 kHz – 300 kHz 300 kHz – 30 MHz 30 MHz – 2 GHz except for: 156 MHz – 165 MHz

80 dBµV/m – 52 dBµV/m 52 dBµV/m – 34 dBµV/m

54 dBµV/m

24 dBµV/m General power distribution zone

– EMC 2 1

150 kHz – 30 MHz 30 MHz – 100 MHz 100 MHz – 2 GHz except for: 156 MHz – 165 MHz

80 dBµV/m – 50 dBµV/m 60 dBµV/m – 54 dBµV/m

54 dBµV/m

24 dBµV/m 1 see Table 3.34

22.3 General instructions for test procedure

The radiation limit at distance 3 m from the enclosure port over the frequency range shall be measured.

The quasi-peak measuring receivers specified in CISPR 16-1-1 shall be used. The receiver bandwidth in the frequency ranges 150 kHz to 30 MHz and 156 MHz to 165 MHz shall be 9 kHz, and in the frequency ranges 30 MHz to 156 MHz and 165 MHz to 2 GHz shall be 120 kHz.

For frequencies from 150 kHz to 30 MHz measure-ments shall be made of the magnetic H-field.

The correction factor for the antenna shall include the factor + 51,5 dB to convert the magnetic field strength to equivalent electric field strength.

For frequencies above 30 MHz measurements shall be made of the electric E-field.

The test antenna shall be placed at a distance of 3 m from the EUT. The centre of the antenna shall be at least 1,5 m above the ground plane.

The E-field antenna shall be adjusted in height and the EUT shall be placed at the mid-point of a plane orthogonal to the test antenna and be rotated to achieve the maximum emission level.

22.4 Test result

The radiation limit from the enclosure port shall not exceed the limits shown in Fig. 3.19.



B

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Fig. 3.18 Radio frequency terminal voltage limits for conducted emission

VI - Part 7 GL 2012


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B

Table 3.34 Required test conditions for the defined environmental categories

Environmental Conditions Test Conditions Comments

Closed Area Open Deck Area Tempera-ture Climate

Envi

ronm

enta

l Cat

egor

y

Tem

pera

ture

Rel

ativ

e H

umid

ity

Vib

ratio

ns

Tem

pera

ture

Rela

tive

Hum

idity

Vib

ratio

ns

Dry

Hea

t

Cold

Tem

pera

ture

Rela

tive

Hum

idity

Salt

mis

t Vib

ratio

ns

The short sign of the location EMC 1/ EMC 2 where the equipment is installed accord-ing to test 18, 21 and 22 should be added to the short sign of the environmental category.

A 0 °C to

45 °C

up to 100 % 0,7 g 55 °C 5 °C 55 °C 95 % – 0,7 g For general applications

B 0 °C to

45 °C

up to 100 % 4 g 55 °C 5 °C 55 °C 95 % – 4 g

Has to withstand a high level of vibration strain, e. g. in steering gear compartment.

C 0 °C to

55 °C

up to 100 % 0,7 g 70 °C 5 °C 55 °C 95 % – 0,7 g

Has to withstand a high degree of heat, e. g. for equipment to be mounted in consoles, hous-ings.

D 0°C to

55 °C

up to 100 % 4 g 70 °C 5 °C 55 °C 95 % – 4 g

DT 0°C to

90°C

up to 100 % 4 g 90 °C 5 °C 55 °C 95 % – 4 g

Has to withstand a high degree of heat and a high level of vi-bration strain, e. g. for equip-ment to be mounted on com-bustion engines and compres-sors.

E 0 °C to

40 °C

up to 80 % 0,7 g 55 °C 5 °C 55 °C 80 % – 0,7 g

For use in air-conditioned ar-eas. With GL’s special consent only.

F

- 25 °C to

+ 45 °C

up to 100 % 0,7 g 70 °C -

25 °C 55 °C 95 % Testre-

quired0,7 g

Has to withstand the additional influences of salt mist and temporary inundation, e. g. on open deck.

G

- 25 °C to

+ 45 °C

up to 100 % 2,3 g 70 °C -

25 °C 55 °C 95 % Testre-

quired2,3 g

For use on masts, with the additional influence of salt mist.

H according to manufacturer’s specification only in combination with environmental categories A-G

The provisions contained in the certificates shall be observed.

VI - Part 7 GL 2012


B