vertexing & tracking detectors local mechanical supports and cooling systems

1

Vertexing & Tracking Detectors

LOCAL MECHANICAL SUPPORTSAND

COOLING SYSTEMS

IFD2014INFN Workshop on

Future Detectors for HL-LHCMarch 11-13, 2014

Fondazione Bruno Kessler

Simone CoelliI.N.F.N. - SEZIONE DI MILANO

S. Coelli - INFN MILANO 2

SUMMARY:

• HL-LHC UPGRADES FOR THE EXPERIMENT TRACKERS– ATLAS (IBL, ITK)– CMS – ALICE– LHCb (VELO, VELO UPGRADE, UT UPGRADE)

• TIMESCALE OVERVIEW• TECHNOLOGICAL OPTIONS PURSUED

– EVAPORATIVE COOLING CnFm, CO2

– ULTRA LIGHT STRUCTURES

• REQUIRED KNOW-HOW AND INNOVATIVE MATERIALS– FEA COMPOSITES, CoBRA CALCULATOR– PIPE FOR A CO2 PRESSURE SYSTEM– GLUING IMPROVEMENTS

• R&D IN PROGRESS– TRACI SYSTEM AIDA AIDA2– CO2 PLANTS– POWER-DATA BUS INTEGRATION– PHASE-I: LHCb VELO UPGRADE AND UT UPGRADE, CMS?– NA62 GTK

• OTHER R&D– HOMOGENEOUS STAVE (CO2 PIPE)– FULL SILICON STAVE

• COLLABORATION WITH INDUSTRIES

12 March 2014

S. Coelli - INFN MILANO 312 March 2014

• R&D for PHASE-II builds on the design of the PHASE-I UPGRADES

• In some cases PHASE-I UPGRADES => produce detectors that can operate successfully throughout PHASE-II

• in other cases PHASE-I UPGRADES provide an infrastructure that can facilitate the additional modifications necessary for PHASE-II

• demands of PHASE-II may require the complete replacement of some detectors

• R&D for PHASE-II and PHASE-I UPGRADES take place over the same 5 year period 2011-2016 => competion for human and financial resources

COMMON CONSIDERATIONS


The tracking system has to be enhanced

• higher radiation resistance (both instantaneous and integrated)

• silicon sensor operation require more stringent temperature control (to limit the leakage current in the high radiation environment)

• upgraded Silicon Tracker will dissipate as much power as the present one if not more

• More efficient cooling methods have to be used => to reduce the mass of cooling pipes and heat exchangers

• new tracker has to comply with constraints coming from the existing detector => total available cross section of conductors, cooling pipes etc

COMMON CONSIDERATIONS


ATLAS


The new tracker concept presented in the LETTER OF INTENT is an all-silicon design, based on technologies that are already being prototyped, or are a realistic improvement on existing solutionAn all-silicon-detector tracker:pixel sensors at the inner radiiSurrounded by microstrip sensorslargely based on existing solutions

ATLAS Upgrade of the Inner Tracking System

The current detector consists of 3 layers of pixels, 4 layers of silicon microstrips (SCT) anda straw tube tracker equipped with radiators to generate transition radiation (TRT)An additional innermost layer (IBL) of pixel detectors will be added to the ID during the LS1

Before the start of production of the detector there will be several more years of R&Daddressing the requirements of HL-LHC physicsin particular finer granularityhigher bandwidthreduced materialThis effort should allow the use of more performant technologies as they become available.


The core of the mechanical support will be made of extremely light weight carbon foam, which still provides a very high thermal conductivity. The heat from the electronics is cooled with CO2 evaporating in very thin titanium pipesI-beam staves are very stiff and designed to be end-supported

I-beam concept prototype and cross-section diagram for two inner pixel layers

End view illustrating layout of I-beams for two inner pixel layers

I-beam solutionbaseline for the innermost two layers.thin carbon-fibre laminates provide stiffness and a mechanical support for the pixel modules. different module sizes in the two layersinherent stiffnessnot need an external support structure. bare stave contribution to the material budget is only 0.43% X0 per layer / normalallows fast replacementcan be mounted as “clam shells” for extraction without breaking the LHC vacuum.

ATLAS PIXEL system


The baseline for the outer two barrel layersimprovement of the IBL stave

carbon foam as core material Embedded hard bonded titanium cooling pipesstiffness of the structure is provided by an omega shaped carbon fibre laminate bonded to the foamneed support shells.

Details of the overlap region of the pixel barrel with IBL stave option

Sketch of the various components of the IBL stave and an actual stave ready for module loading


Prototype of an alpine stave

Disks will be made of a carbon-foam core with an embedded cooling pipe and power and data cables and with a carbon-fibre skin glued to each side


ATLASSTRIP system

with CO2 cooling at -30 C.

core of carbon fibre honeycomb and carbonfoam with embedded cooling pipes is sandwiched between two carbon fibre facings


Cooling

CO2 two-phase will achieve enhanced cooling performance with a lightweight system.

Some of the main advantages of CO2 cooling are:• the high latent heat allows the use of small pipesas well as large heat load per single channel, possibly reducing needs for manifolding;• the high heat transfer coefficient allows smaller heat-exchanger contacts• CO2 is a natural substance, which is more environmentally friendly and less expensive than fluorocarbons.


Cooling

R&D consists of characterizing through laboratory measurementsheat transfer and mass flow of two-phase CO2 in small channelderiving guidelines for detector cooling optimizationdimensions of the pipes and heat exchangers, and operating pressuredeveloping numerical models that correctly describe the flows and heat transfersprovide all the information needed for the pixel and for the whole tracker cooling designdesign and engineering of the system and analysis of system aspects such as manifolding, which will pose novel challenges due to the much larger scale of the system.


The entire tracker will be cooled by a two phase system with liquid boiling in the staves, disks and petals to cool the modules and remove all heat produced in the tracker volume. The overall power to be removed from the tracker volume is currentlyestimated at • 180 kW nominal• 240 kW with safety-factors, at a coolant temperature of - 35 °C.

Liquid CO2 is chosen as the coolant baseline, because of its high heat transfer coefficient at the required temperature=> This allows for very small cooling-tube diameters (2 mm), which reduce radiation lengths, are easier to handle, and reduce forces due to thermal expansions and contractions.

ATLAS is building up experience with CO2 cooling in the IBL project.

There is a large development needed to go from the IBL scale (3 kW) to the 200 kW neededfor the tracker. The aim is to scale up an IBL-like design to about 20 kW and then install 10or so identical copies in the space in USA15 vacated by the current C3F8 compressors. In caseof unforeseen problems, the option of using fluorocarbon cooling is kept as a back-up. This willrequire a mixture of C2F6 and C3F8 to achieve the required termperatures.

The CO2 cooling system transports cold fluids (- 40 °C) and therefore needs insulated lines.The current ID cooling system transports room-temperature fluids, and so are not insulated. Furthermorethe CO2 tubes need to be tested up to about 100 bar, beyond the safe operation of thecurrent ID tubes. Hence new CO2 lines will need to be installed. The number though is very small:10 lines are planned from USA15, one to each PP2 platform. Each line has two concentric tubes,the inner as inlet and the outer as return line; these are surrounded by a few cm of insulation. AtPP2 each will be distributed into many more lines (about 45), with a final splitting inside the trackerof about one to four

Cooling


CMS UpgradePixel SystemThe goal of the Phase 1 upgrade is to replace the present pixel detector

• replacement of the current 3-layer barrel (BPIX), 2-disk endcap (FPIX) system => with a 4-layer barrel, 3-disk endcap system for four hit coverage

• ultra-lightweight support with CO2 cooling

• displacement of the electronic boards and connections out of the tracking volume for material reduction

• The upgraded pixel system will have a reduced mass, a reduced innermost radius and increased lever arm

Schematic view of the upgraded pixel detector


CMS Upgrade

Pixel Detector Upgrade

To reduce material, adopt two-phase CO2 cooling and light-weight mechanical support,moving the electronic boards and connections out of the tracking volume

The objective is to have the system installed and commissioned during the 2016 shutdown

Two-phase CO2 cooling will replace the current single phase C6F14resulting in significant material reduction. We plan to use thin-walled stainless steel pipes witha diameter of about 1.6mm and wall thickness of 0.1mm which will provide enough coolingpower for each pixel sub-assembly based on a continuous loop. Further material reduction willbe achieved by using longer twisted pair or light-weight flex-cables to carry the signals to theoptical hybrid boards; these boards, as well as the port cards and cooling manifolds, will bemoved out of tracking region.

changing the minimum diameter of the central part of the CMS beam pipecylindrical piece is made out of 0.8mm thick berylliumfrom 58mm to 50mm

it is proposed to install a new central beampipe with an inner diameter of 50mm together with the new pixel detector. The smaller beampipe diameter allows the reduction of the first barrel layer radius from 4.4 cm to about 3.9 cm.A further reduction to 3.4 cm is under study.


CMS Upgrade

Edge Cooling Concept: cooling tube captured inside carbon-carbon ring with carbonfiber skins.

Prototype of the mechanical structure for the innermost layer. To illustrate its lightweight,a carbon fiber ladder is laid upon the half-barrel. The mechanical stability of the ladderis given by the cooling tubes.

Solid TPG (0.68mm thick) encapsulated with carbon-fiber facings (0.06mm thick).

Upgrade Blade - identical blades are used in the inner and outer assembliesof all half disks.

Each module has a pair of module holders made out of G9 glued at each end for attachment to the precision holes on the substrate. Cooling is provided at the end(s) of the blade by contact with the actively CO2 - cooled ring(s). Each substrate is glued permanently to the rings so that the whole ring and substrate assembly with embedded cooling tubes could be constructed as a completestructure.


The development of the CO2 cooling system for the pixel detector requires a substantial R&D program:1. Characterization of heat transfer. The pixel detector cooling uses miniature pipeslaboratory measurements to characterize the process in the relevant domain, and improve the existing theoretical models accordingly.2. Optimization of the on-detector cooling.the key to reduce the detector materialThe heat transfer from the silicon sensors to the structure, through the pipe walls into the coolant has to be maximized, while minimizing the amount of material and at the same time ensure reliable thermal joints with reproducibleperformance. The crucial aspects are the choice of the pipe material and size, pipe fittingsand connection techniques, design of thermal joints and choice of thermally conductivematerials.3. System design and integration(i) design of the cooling station(ii) design of the control and monitoring system, choice of the instrumentationiii) design of the cooling channels, fittingsprototypes of mechanical structures of both BPIX and FPIX have already been tested with CO2 cooling in realisticconditions, and extensive thermal modelling studies are underway. Although substantial optimizationwork is still to be done, the results collected so far indicate that suitable performancecan be achieved with miniature pipes and lightweight contacts.System design and integration studies will be a main focus for the coming 1-2 years. A fullscale system has been built in the CERN CryoLab


LHCb Upgrade

VELO DETECTORACTUAL DETECTOR• THE FIRST CO2 COOLED DETECTOR AT CERN• GOOD EXPERIENCE IN PHASE-0

VELO DETECTORUPGRADE• THE FIRST SILICON MICRO-CHANNEL CO2 COOLED AT CERN


LHCb Upgrade

UT Upgrade

22

Þ «CENTRAL» stave power ~ 90 W Þ «HALF PLANE»power ~ 500 W

To start thinking on the connectivity of the cooling system exploiting CO2 evaporation system

Proposal: use for each «half plane» • 1 lower inlet manifold,

distributing liquid CO2 to the staves

• 1 upper manifold, collecting hexaust CO2 (partially evaporated) from the staves

«right half plane»«left half plane»

CO2 (X = 0)

CO2 (~ 50%)

X := thermodynamic title Saturated liquid = 0%Saturated vapour =100%

Half planes areSupposed to move to open like in the actual tracker

DETECTOR COOLING LAY-OUT supposing to have a modularity with the four UT detector planes divided in:• 1 right half box (composed of 4 half planes)• 1 left half box (composed of 4 half planes)

S. Coelli, M. Monti - INFN MILANO 23

The CO2 cooling plant should be a 2PACLsystem with cooling capacity: 4000 Watt@-30 °CÞ Need a specific plant

design Þ Similar to VELO UpgradeActual LHCb- VELOCooling capacity: 1500 W@-30°C

24 FEB. 2014

DETECTOR COOLING LAY-OUT

CONCEPTUAL BRANCHES LAY-OUT

S. Coelli, M. Monti - INFN MILANO 2424 FEB. 2014

CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF A DETECTOR SUB-ASSEMBLY

OPENABLE DETECTOR SUPRT FRAME

FIXED SUPPORT STRUCTURE

BEAMPIPECROSS SECTION

HALF BOXcomposed of 4 half planes

THIS IS A 9 STAVES HALF PLANE

A SYSTEM SHOULD BE DESIGNED THAT ALLOW TO MOVEINLET AND OUTLET SUPPLY LINES FOR THE OPENING

INLET LINETO BOTTOM MANIFOLD

OUTLET LINEFROM UPPERMANIFOLD

MAYBE ONE MANIFOLD OR 4 MANIFOLDS CONNECTED?

S. Coelli, M. Monti - INFN MILANO 2524 FEB. 2014

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 90

102030405060708090

HALF PLANEFLOW DISTRIBUTION

APPROXIMATE STAVE POWERDISTRIBUTIONTHE STAVES HAVE DIFFERENT THERMAL LOADS

GEOMETRY OF THE SERPENTINE FOR THE CENTRAL STAVEIS DIFFERENT:• 4 MORE BENDS• > TOTAL LENGHT

COOLING DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM DESIGN NEED SPECIAL ATTENTIONÞ USE OF INLET CAPILLARIES

WITH A DEDICATED CALIBRATION

Þ IT SHOULD BE NECESSARY A FULL SCALE SYSTEM TEST

AT LEAST FOR THIS SUBASSEMBLY

IN THIS SITUATION USING EVAPORATIVECOOLING:THERMO-HYDRAULIC INSTABILITIES CAN ARISE!

S. Coelli, M. Monti - INFN MILANO24 FEB. 2014 26

HALF PLANEFLOW DISTRIBUTION TEST SET-UP

THE MOST UMBALANCED SITUATIONTO BE TESTED TO DEMONSTRATESTABILITY OF THE SYSTEMÞ ONLY CENTRAL STAVE POWER ONÞ TRACI COOLING SYSTEM COULD

BE USED (POWER 100 W)

COLLABORATION IN PROGRESSTO BUILD 4 TRACI UNITS• MILANO• CERN• NICKEF• OXFORD• SHEFFIELD• LIVERPOOL


LHCb Upgrade


ALICE Upgrade

The total power dissipated forthe whole new ITS detector is about 15 kW.The cooling system has to remove this heat from the detector barrels. The design of the coolingsystem is driven by several requirements related to the material budget, long-term stability,erosion resistance, chemical compatibility, minimal temperature gradients and cooling duct temperatureabove the dew point. The detector will be operated around room temperature


Stave will have a cooling duct embedded in a carbon structure which will remove the dissipatedheat by a leakless (below atmospheric pressure) de-mineralized water ow. Alternative coolantssuch as C4F10 are being considered for the Inner Layers

ALICE Upgrade

dry air-ow will remove small temperature gradients and will help to protect against dustand to control the humidity


ALICE UpgradeAlternative Stave implementation options

Microchannel cooling systems

microchannel array fabricated either ina polyimide substrate

or a silicon substrate.

silicon microchannels

started to be considered also for application on particle detectors coolingIn the PH-DT group at CERN, several studies are on-going to investigate the application of silicon microchannels for on-detectors electronics coolingFor cooling the Inner Layers of the future ALICE ITS detector, special silicon frames withembedded microchannels are under study for ow boiling of perfluorobutane (C4F10). The studyis carried out in collaboration with the PH-DT group at CERN, the Two-phase Heat Transfergroup at the University of Padova, the CMi and LTCM groups at EPFL (Ecole PolytechniqueFederale de Lausanne) and the Thai Micro Electronic Centre (TMEC) in Thailand.


ALICE Upgrade

For the minimization of the material budget contribution from the cooling system, a specialdevice with a frame design (Fig. B.4) was realized: this design eliminates any materialcontribution in the inner region while keeping all the advantages linked to microchannel cooling.


ALICE Upgrade

Chips embedding in flexA promising alternative to laser soldering consists in embedding the chips inside the FPC duringthe fabrication process.


ALICE Upgrade


TIMESCALE OVERVIEW

HL-LHC UPGRADES FOR THE EXPERIMENT TRACKERS

EXPERIMENTTRACKER

ACTUAL2009-2012

long shutdown 2013/2014

Shutdown

2017/2018

long shutdown 2017/2018

=> PHASE-II

ATLAS Evaporative fluorocarbon

system

+ IBL PIXELCO2

? NEW TRACKERCO2

CMS Mono-phasefluorocarbon

system

NEW PIXELCO2

NEW TRACKERCO2

LHCb VELO CO2 VELO CO2SILICON

MICROCHANNEL

UT TRIGGERSTRIPS

CO2

?

ALICE ?


TECHNOLOGICAL OPTIONS PURSUED

ULTRA LIGHT STRUCTURES:

EVAPORATIVE COOLING USING:• CnFm

• CO2


FOR THE DESIGN:

FEA FOR COMPOSITES • NEED CHARACTERIZATION TO HAVE REALISTIC MATERIAL PROPERTIES IN THE MODELS• EXPERIENCE IN MESHING TECHNIQUES FOR VERY MULTY-THIN LAYERED OBJECTS (GLUE)• SOFTWARE ANISOTROPIC MATERIALS

THERMOHYDRAULIC CALCULATION FOR THE COOLING CIRCUIT• SPECIAL ATTENTION TO INSTABILITIES IN 2-PHASE EVAPORATING SYSTEMS• CoBRA (CO2 BRANCH CALCULATOR) TOOL DEVELOPED AT CERN - NICHKEF

FOR THE PROTOTYPE AND DETECTOR REALIZATION:

CO2 PIPING MATERIALS • TITANIUM: low CTE, high rad length, high strenght / pipe acquisition not easy• STAINLESS STEEL: • (ALUMINUM. At the moment not considered for upgrades, used in the actual detector )

CARBON BASED MATERIALS• CFRP• CARBON FOAMS

GLUING IMPROVEMENTS• TECHNOLOGY TO OBTAIN CALIBRATED GLUE LAYERS• SUFFICIENT FOR STRUCTURAL AND THERMAL CONTACT• NOT MORE THAN REQUIRED TO LIMIT MATERIAL BUDGET

REQUIRED KNOW-HOW AND INNOVATIVE MATERIALS


R&D IN PROGRESS

PORTABLE COOLING SYSTEM TRACI

AIDA fundsTHE FIRST UNIT will be identified as “the” final AIDA deliverable for WP 9.3.

AIDA-2WILL CONTINUE THE COOLING ACTIVITIES IN PROGRESS..

CO2 PLANTS

POWER-DATA BUS INTEGRATION

PHASE-I: LHCb VELO

UPGRADE AND UT

UPGRADE, CMS?

NA62 GTK

Traci project• Development of a portable CO2 laboratory cooling unit called Traci

– TRACI=Transportable Refrigeration Apparatus for Co2 Investigation.• Development in AIDA framework together with interested

partners– Nikhef & CERN lead development– Co-funding from clients – Collaboration with Sheffield, Oxford, Liverpool and Milano

• Designed for applications like:– Test beam telescope (AIDA)– Micro channel development (LHCb)– Pixel development (CMS)– Detector thermal/mechanical support structure development (Atlas IBL, ILC-

TPC)– Detector commissioning

(Atlas IBL)

Portable laboratory cooling unitCooling power <100W – 250 W> Temperature range <- 40 0C;+ 200C>Turn key Very simple to operate ”fridge like”


• VERY GOOD RAD LENGTH• ALMOST ZERO CTE• PRESSURE SYSTEM WITH MDP 100 BAR=> THICKNESS OF MATERIAL • LOW TRANSVERSAL THERMAL

CONDUCTIVITY => NEED R&D TO IMPROVE THIS..

• DEDICATED CONNECTIONS TO BE DEVELOPED

CARBON-FIBER COOLING PIPE COMPLIANT FOR FOR A CO2 PRESSURE SYSTEMconsidered as an option both for ATLAS IBL and HL-LHC upgrade structures

R&D Homogeneous Stave

BraidsWrapping

CF pipe and the Homogeneous Stave still need to go through a rigorous qualification over a wide number of samples

several pipes have been produced that meet the specs and, at the moment, two are the validated techniques

full homogeneous stave Institutes and collaborators (2008)• IVW

: Institut für Verbundwerkstoffe GmbH Kaiserslautern • IFB :Institut für Flugzeugbau Universitat Stuttgart • Wuppertal University • INFN Milano• CPPM Marseille• LAPP Annecy • BERCELLA Carbon Fiber (Parma IT)

http://www.ivw.uni-kl.de/




R&DFULL SILICON STAVE

SILICON PACKAGE INCLUDING:• ELECTRONICS• STRUCTURAL SUPPORT• SELF SUPPORTING SYSTEM• COOLING CHANNELS

ALICE


COLLABORATION WITH INDUSTRIES

Peculiarity

of the present systems:Small detector => Small quantity of material requiredÞ Not very attractive business for industry

Þ Need • custom design and prototype qualification• custom production of detector components • => expensive material acquisition and external works (small scale)


Most of these studies are under study

joining techniques

Orbital welding

Swaging

Brazing development @ CERNBrazing work fine on a lot of material (Stainless steel, Ceramics, Titanium …)this technique is compatible with modules on local supports during operationOne of the advantage is that this permit mixture of materials (helpful for electrical breaks for example)

IBL Brazing activity

no tool available for small pipes welding

S. Coelli - INFN MILANO 43

BACK UP SLIDES

12 March 2014


Evaporative Cooling

No temperature change with heat input – very useful for uniform temperaturesalong a stave

The boiling process is very violent: bubbles of steam form and float very fastthrough the liquid, transfering heat rapidly into the bulkGives very high heat transfer coefficient (W/m2/K)

Allows small tubes – low material; easy bending; low forces due to CTE mismatch


Staves and PetalsCombine mechanical support and cooling functions in oneUse carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CFRP)High Young's ModulusHigh thermal conductivityVery long radiation length (so low %X0)Titanium cooling tube ~2 mm diam., ~0.1 mm wall thickness – low %X0Carbon foam to get heat in to tubeLow density, hence low %X0

Staves and PetalsCombine mechanical support and cooling functions in oneUse carbon fibre reinforced plastics (CFRP)High Young's ModulusHigh thermal conductivityVery long radiation length (so low %X0)Titanium cooling tube ~2 mm diam., ~0.1 mm wall thickness – low %X0Carbon foam to get heat in to tubeLow density, hence low %X0

Traci design overview• The need for laboratory CO2 cooling is in the order of several 100 watt from

room temperature down to -40ºC.– Capacity is a function of temperature.– A kw version under design in collaboration with GSI (Traci-XL)

• Stable CO2 temperature, heat load independent

• System must be easy to operate by non expert users– On/off button + temperature set point– Stand-alone operation (PC only for monitoring or sending set point commands)

• Simplified concept called I-2PACL.– Modified 2PACL concept developed for AMS and LHCb.

• Several functions are integrated for a simpler use and operation• 2PACL = 2-Phase Accumulator Controlled Loop• I-2PACL = Integrated 2PACL (several 2PACL functions are integrated into 1 component)• I-2PACL concept is patent pending (CERN&Nikhef)

I-2PACL concept2-Phase Accumulator Controlled Loop

Integrated2-Phase Accumulator Controlled Loop

Patented !(patent owners: CERN & NIKHEF)

Used in LHCb-Velo, Atlas IBL & CMS-Pixel


Ci aspettiamo che i talk vengano preparati in collaborazione tra gli esperimenti, siano in lingua inglese e rispettino i tempi (stretti) a disposizione.- Breve overview tecnologica specificando lo stato dell'arte e gli sviluppi necessari per soddisfare le richieste dell'esperimento. Principalmente materiale dalle Letter of Intent della Phase II Upgrade o da informazioni più recenti degli sviluppi in corso, indicando i cambiamenti principali da quelli che sono i rivelatori presenti.

- Opzioni tecnologiche su cui si punta per soddisfare le richieste degli esperimenti a HL-LHC. Ad esempio per ridurre materiali, resistenza alla radiazione, pile-up di eventi, riduzione costi, etc...

- R&D in corso e R&D necessarie: pro's & cons delle tecnologie in gioco, gruppi ed agenzie finanziatrici coinvolte, industrie coinvolte, possibili sinergie tra i gruppi INFN, scala dei tempi indicativa per inquadrare temporalmente gli sviluppi, goals e deliverables.Considerazioni sulle possibili criticità, rischi, soluzioni fall back sarebbero utili se fornite.

- Informazioni sui progetti già finanziati da altri enti (MIUR, Europei etc) e le collaborazioni in atto (nazionali ed internazionali) piani futuri per la sottomissione di progetti Europei, MIUR etc

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