vegetative parts and example
TRANSCRIPT
Vegetative parts and example
Vegetative parts Example
Roots Sweet potato, carrot
Stems 1. Underground stems: - Potato, ginger2. Stems that run horizontally, or runners: - water lettuce, carpet grass3. Modified stem, or bulb: - onion, hyacinth bulb
Leaves Bryophyllum, begonia
RhizomeStem that grows horizontally under the ground; rhizome contains stored food.Eg: Lalang, tumeric, ginger
LeafA small bud is produced at the part of a leaf that is able to develop into a new plant.Eg: Bryopyllum, begonia, aloe vera
TuberUnderground stem with a swollen end; tuber contains food.Eg: Potato, dahlia
StemSome plants reproduce through the stem that has several buds.Eg: Tapioca, sugar cane, rose plant
RunnerStem that creeps on the surface of the ground; nodes on the stem will produce buds.Eg: Grass, sweet potato
BulbConsists the layer of swollen fleshy leaves; a bud grows to become a new plant.Eg: onion, lily plant
CormA swollen stem with buds that grow upright under the ground.Eg: Yam
SuckerA young plant grows from a short stem in the ground.Eg: Banana tree, bamboo tree
Advantages1. Pollination do not required2. New plants are identical to the parent3. Plants that are reproduce vegetatively are grow faster
Disadvantages1. No variation2. new plants have lower resistance to weather and diseases3. Unwanted characteristics will be passed down to the new
plant
Application of Research on Vegetative Reproduction in Agriculture
Biotechnology is defined as the application of organisms or their components in industrial or commercial processes.
Research in vegetative reproduction is one aspect of biotechnology.
Agriculturalists have developed some methods of vegetative reproduction which are now widely used in nurseries.
Methods of Vegatative Reproductive
(a) Stem-cuttingIn stem-cutting, a new plant is
produced by cutting off a portion of the stem of a plant of good quality and planting it in soil
Stem-cutting
(b) Tissue CultureCloning involves the growth of cells
of a plant in a nutrient medium. Some pieces of tissue or a few cells
are removed from the parent plant of good quality and transferred to a medium containing nutrients.
These nutrients make the cells or tissue divide and grow into new plants
Producing hundreds of identical new plants all with the good characteristics of the parent.
Tissue culture