valence electrons. electrons electrons are found in orbitals within energy levels the regions in an...
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![Page 1: Valence Electrons. Electrons Electrons are found in orbitals within energy levels The regions in an atom where electrons are found are called orbitals](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022080914/56649f585503460f94c7de9a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Valence Electrons
![Page 2: Valence Electrons. Electrons Electrons are found in orbitals within energy levels The regions in an atom where electrons are found are called orbitals](https://reader035.vdocuments.site/reader035/viewer/2022080914/56649f585503460f94c7de9a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Electrons
• Electrons are found in orbitals within energy levels
• The regions in an atom where electrons are found are called orbitals
• Electrons usually occupy the lowest energy levels available in an atom
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Valence electrons
• An electron in the outermost energy level of an atom is called a valence electron
• Ex.– The single electron of a hydrogen atom is a
valence electron because it is the only electron the atom has
– In a neon atom, its valence electrons are the eight electrons that are in the outermost energy level
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Valence electrons
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Chemical Reactivity
• The chemical reactivity of an atom is mainly determined by valence electrons
• Atoms with a complete (full) valence shell are not reactive
• Atoms with one or two valence electrons are highly reactive
• Orbitals that are empty, half-full, or full are more stable
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Periodic Table