using nvivo to conduct transcendental phenomenological analysis
TRANSCRIPT
Using NVivo to Conduct Transcendental Phenomenological Analysis
Philip Adu, Ph.D.
Methodology Expert
National Center for Academic & Dissertation Excellence (NCADE)
The Chicago School of Professional Psychology
@drphilipadu
Main Focus of this Presentation
1. Transcendental phenomenological approach (TPA)
• Meaning
2. Four main processes of transcendental phenomenological analysis
• Stage 1: Epoche
• Stage 2: Phenomenological reduction
• Stage 3: Imaginative variation
• Stage 4: Synthesis of meanings
(Moustakas, 1994)
3. Applying the transcendental phenomenological analysis process using NVivo
Transcendental Phenomenological Approach
1. Suspending all the biases you
have (i.e. epoche)
2. Collecting participants’
experiences
3. Examining and describing
participants’ experiences
4. Determining the essence of
their experiences
(Kafle, 2013)
Transcendental phenomenological approach (focus on attaining objectivity)
Four Main Processes of Transcendental Phenomenological Analysis
Stage 1: Epoche
“Epoche, a Greek word meaning to stay away from or abstain” (Moustakas, 1994, pp. 84)
Suspending your beliefs, biases, and preconceptions
Being willing to accommodate any meaning
Enjoying the free flow of ideas in and out of your consciousness with no or minimum resistance
Engaging in a “reflective-meditation” (Moustakas, 1994, pp. 88)
Four Main Processes of Transcendental Phenomenological Analysis
Stage 1: Epoche
Practical Application1. Reflect on your background, beliefs, biases, and presumptions related to the
phenomenon
2. List all of your presumptions that may affect the data analysis process
3. Consciously put them aside and assume a state of mind without the presumptions
4. Be willing to accept and evaluate any idea that comes into consciousness
Four Main Processes of Transcendental Phenomenological Analysis
Stage 2: Phenomenological Reduction
Attaining the core meanings of participants’ experiences
Preventing your preconceived ideas from influencing the meaning making process (i.e.
bracketing)
Compiling exemplary experiences
Grouping them into core meanings (i.e. themes)
Describing the core experiences based on the themes
(Moustakas, 1994)
Four Main Processes of Transcendental Phenomenological Analysis
Stage 2: Phenomenological Reduction
Practical Application 1. Go through all the interview transcripts
2. With the research question(s) in mind, identify all relevant statements about
participants’ experiences
3. Put all the significant statements on Excel spreadsheet with participants’ demographic
information
4. Eliminate all repetitive experiences
5. Import the data (in Excel format) into NVivo and start the coding process
6. Present the themes generated in terms of their characteristics and how they address
the research question(s)(Moustakas, 1994)
Four Main Processes of Transcendental Phenomenological Analysis
Stage 2: Phenomenological Reduction
Practical Application
(Moustakas, 1994)
Compile
Significant statements
Develop
Themes
Create
Textual Descriptions
Characteristics
Evidence
Meaning
Research question: What are the dissertation
chairs’ experience about the NCADE services
in terms of the services contribution to
students’ dissertation progress?
Four Main Processes of Transcendental Phenomenological Analysis
Stage 3: Imaginative variation
Examining all possible meanings/interpretations of participants’ experiences
Coming up with explanations that adequately represent participants’ experiences
Looking at the context, participants’ characteristics, sequence of events, causal
relationships, and co-relationships among the themes
Developing structural descriptions from textural descriptions
(Moustakas, 1994)
Stage 3: Imaginative variationExample
NVivo Cluster
Analysis Output
First Possible
Meaning of
Participants’
Experience
Stage 3: Imaginative variationExample
NVivo Cluster
Analysis Output
Second Possible
Meaning of
Participants’
Experience
Stage 3: Imaginative variationExample
NVivo Cluster
Analysis Output
Third Possible
Meaning of
Participants’
Experience
Four Main Processes of Transcendental Phenomenological Analysis
Stage 4: Synthesis of meanings Developing the underlying meaning of participants’ experiences by combining textural
description with structural descriptions
Generating a logical principle which represents the essence of the experience
Combination of ““what” was experienced” (textual descriptions) and ““how” it was
experienced” (structural descriptions) leads to the essence of the experience
(Moerer-Urdahl & Creswell, 2004, pp. 20)
(Moustakas, 1994)
Stage 4: Synthesis of meanings Example
Designed using
‘Inspiration
App’
Transcendental Phenomenological Analysis Process
Epoche
Bias-free State
Phenomenological Reduction
Textual Descriptions
Imaginative Variation
Structural Descriptions
Synthesis of
Meanings
Essence of the
Experience
Process
Product
A systematic process of moving concrete data to abstract concepts and underlying meanings
(Moustakas, 1994)
References
Kafle, N. P. (2013). Hermeneutic phenomenological research method simplified. Bodhi: An Interdisciplinary Journal, 5(1). doi:10.3126/bodhi.v5i1.8053
Moerer-Urdahl, T., & Creswell, J. (2004). Using transcendental phenomenology to explore the “ripple effect” in a leadership mentoring program. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 3 (2). Article 2. Retrieved DATE from https://www.ualberta.ca/~iiqm/backissues/3_2/pdf/moerer.pdf
Moustakas, C. (1994). Phenomenological research methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Philip Adu, Ph.D.
Methodology Expert
National Center for Academic & Dissertation Excellence (NCADE)
The Chicago School of Professional Psychology
You could reach me at [email protected] and @drphilipadu on twitter.
To cite this document, copy the following:
Adu, P. (2016, December 6). Using NVivo to conduct transcendental phenomenological analysis. Retrieved from
http://www.slideshare.net/kontorphilip/using-nvivo-to-conduct-transcendental-phenomenological-analysis