user interface basic principles

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Visually pleasingcomposition Amount of

information with respectto Principles of User

Interface Design


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The principles of user interface design areintended to improve the quality of user interfacedesign. According to Larry Constantine and Lucy

Lockwood in their usage-centered design, theseprinciples are:

The structure principle: Design should organizethe user interface purposefully, in meaningful

and useful ways based on clear, consistentmodels that are apparent and recognizable tousers, putting related things together andseparating unrelated things, differentiatingdissimilar things and making similar things

resemble one another. The structure principleis concerned with overall user interfacearchitecture.


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The simplicity principle: The design shouldmake simple, common tasks easy,communicating clearly and simply in the

user's own language, and providing goodshortcuts that are meaningfully related tolonger procedures.


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The visibility principle: The design shouldmake all needed options and materials for agiven task visible without distracting the user

with extraneous or redundant information.Good designs don't overwhelm users withalternatives or confuse with unneededinformation.


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The feedback principle: The design should keep usersinformed of actions or interpretations, changes of stateor condition, and errors or exceptions that are relevantand of interest to the user through clear, concise, and

unambiguous language familiar to users.


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The tolerance principle: The design should beflexible and tolerant, reducing the cost ofmistakes and misuse by allowing undoing andredoing, while also preventing errors

wherever possible by tolerating varied inputsand sequences and by interpreting allreasonable actions.


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The reuse principle: The design should reuse internaland external components and behaviors, maintainingconsistency with purpose rather than merely arbitraryconsistency, thus reducing the need for users torethink and remember.


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According to Jef Raskin in his book The HumaneInterface, there are two laws of user interfacedesign, based on the fictional laws of roboticscreated by Isaac Asimov:

First Law: A computer shall not harm yourwork or, through inactivity, allow your work tocome to harm.

Second Law: A computer shall not waste yourtime or require you to do more work than isstrictly necessary

user interface basic principles

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