us army corps of engineers building strong ® compressed earth technology douglas s. applegate, p.e....

US Army Corps of Engineers

BUILDING STRONG®

Compressed Earth Technology

Douglas S. Applegate, [email protected] ManagerContingency Standards BranchMiddle East District9 August 2014

BUILDING STRONG®1/27/2014

Problem Statement Populations from 20 to 60 personnel Non-permissive environment Sites are continuously occupied Minimal to no Heavy Equipment use during construction Access

► Small 4x4 vehicles due to location or security► Helicopters possible 6000#/lift► Donkeys, carts, etc► Foot

Utilities► None► Minimize petroleum use► Minimize electrical use► No WWTP► Water imported

2


Requirements Amplification Site Features

► Entire site to be gravel pavement► Parking for 6 vehicles (20 man)► Exterior wall 3m high► 30m x30m nominal size► 20-60 man population

3

Utilities► Water (two options)

• No well Bladder 80L/person truck filled

• Well (optional) future 2 GPM 24VDC pump Hand pump

► Sewage collection• No requirement

► Power• 30 kW Genset x2• Solar• Wind• LED Lighting• Electric water heaters (14.4 kW)

► Heat• Wood• Electric (heat and cooking)• LP (cooking)


Requirements Amplification ADMIN/OPS

► 30 pers 480 sf► Minimum span 2m► Weapon storage 64 sf► Ballistic protected

Barracks 60 pers► 40 pers open bay► 14 two man rooms► 6 one man rooms► Wood heat

Latrine► DC rated wall heaters

Hygiene area (enclosed) ablution► 10 pers 160 sf► Gravity water w/spigots

Outdoor covered/fenced storage 400 sf

► Pole barn 4 m height minimum 2m span

Fuel point► 50 gal drum w hand pump► 2m high wall w locking gate

DFAC► 20 pers per meal shift► Wood fuel heat► Indoor food prep 180 sf

• AC electricity• Tankless electric WHs 14.4kW• Two LP fuel grills (turkey fryer)

► Outdoor food prep• Two wood fuel grills• Three walls and roof

Guard House► 2 pers 100 sf► Crew served weapons ports► Ballistic protected► One at each corner of perimeter wall

ECP Guard House► 2 pers 100 sf► Crew served weapons ports► Ballistic protected

4


Proposed Goals of TAM Solution Set Site features

► Structures contain no removable or useful pilferable materials

► No gravel on site due to weight and IED concerns

► Scalable based on population Structures

► Minimal skilled labor for construction

► Minimal imported materials► Minimize footprint► Walls are hardened earth► Roofs are metal trusses► Ballistic protection provided► Minimize weight to be transported► All materials donkey transportable

Utilities► All are man portable and

removable► Minimize petroleum use► Minimize electrical load► Water bladders► Minimize sewage collection

5


Compressed Earth Blocks Blocks manufactured on site with local labor

(if available) Imported materials

► Cement► Rebar► Machines► Fuel► Water► Roof System

6

BUILDING STRONG®1/27/2014 7

Compressed Earth Blocks


Rammed Earth


Proposed Design Options Exterior walls

► Constructed of masonry• Compressed Earth Blocks• Rammed earth

► Ballistic Protection• RPG net

► Utilities• Electricity - solar or wind• Heat – wood• Cooking – wood• Lighting – LED• Water – gravity fed, wood heated• Black and gray water – cess pool

10


This stove weighs 35 pounds including the collapsible pipe

This stove weighs 42 pounds and has an water tank available

The Past

11

This stove weighs 38 pounds and has an water tank available

This device increase the heat output of the stove and attaches to the flue pipe.


This system weighs 125 pounds, stores 1250 Whrs and includes USB, DC 12V, AC inverter power.

The Future

12

This system weighs 34 pounds, generates up to 1600W and fits on a 1.5 inch pipe

This system weighs 16 pounds

This light weighs 1.4 pounds and can charge other devices

This armor is a kevlar net with cubes of metal attached. It has been combat proven to defeat RPG’s.


Items in Common Lighting

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This light weighs 1.4 pounds and can charge other devices


Items in Common RPG Q-Net

14

This armor is a kevlar net with cubes of metal attached. It has been combat proven to defeat RPG’s.


Relative Construction Durations Twenty person camp – Hours per facility based on 5 person crew

15

Facility Wall Area SF

CEBHours

REHours

RoofSF

JoistsHours

Admin 540 6 1080 8

Barracks 1400 16 215 2

DFAC 650 7 290 3

Guard 1280 14 80 1

Perimeter 8400 70

CEB – Compressed Earth Block 90 sf/hour RE – Rammed Earth 120 sf/hourCEB rate does not included production of blocks.

Block production is nominally 200/hour.

Surface area is 0.38 sf/block

Approximately 3 block per sf


Parametric Cost Estimate Twenty person camp - CEB

16


60 Man Camp

us army corps of engineers building strong ® compressed earth technology douglas s. applegate, p.e....

Documents

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utilities water

heat wood electric heat

compressed earth blocks

wood fuel grills

sf crew