urgent imperative for sme's to contribute to the national growth and development agenda
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Call to arms for Jamaican SME's to drive growth and development agendaTRANSCRIPT
The Urgent Imperative for SME’s to contribute to
Silburn Clarke, FRICS
Chairman, Jamaica Business Development Corporation
ByGrowing the GDP
&Improving the Current Account Deficit
The National Growth and Development Agenda
a. Macroeconomic Challenges and the SME’s Role in Export and Economic Stability
b. Nature of Global Knowledge Economy
c. The Innovation – Productivity – Competitiveness – Connexions
e. A Sustainable Competitive Advantage Model
f. Findings on Motivation from US High-Tech firms
f. Case Study: Born Globals / International New Ventures
g. Case study: Jamaica’s first Global Enterprise
h. Take Home Messages
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
The world is betting that Jamaica will fail !!
“Jamaica is in a high-risk programme, a last-ditch effort to avoid a massive adjustment, even a collapse.”
Financial Times, May 2013
The Urgent National Export Imperative
Radical Reversal of Persistent Unsustainable Trade & Services Deficits
Current Account Deficit is Staggering
Avg 5yr CA deficit : US$1.8bln
Output must grow by 6% minimum to maintain economic stability
Planned Primary Surplus for 2012/2013 5.2% of GDPNew Taxes 1.3%NHT Contributions 0.8%
Planned Primary Surplus (post-implementation) 7.3%
Interest Cost on Debt -8.2%NDX Interest Savings 1.3%Cost of Principal Repayment -6.5%
Net Primary Surplus -6.1%
Minimum GDP Growth Required 6.1%
Source: Caribbean Association of Actuaries
Economic Stability Model
In stable economies;
Debt Primary Surplusapproximates to ________
GDP Long Term Interest Rate
The higher the tendency to a level of equality is the more stable the economy is.
but in unstable economies ;
Debt Primary Surplusis not equal to __________
GDP Long Term Interest Rate
Source: Caribbean Association of Actuaries
The higher the level of disequilibrium is the higher the tendency to instability
In Jamaica’s case: Our Debt to GDP ratio is severely out of alignment with our ratio of Primary Surplus to LT Interest Rates
The numbers: 140% to 67%
Source: Caribbean Association of Actuaries
Economic Stability Model
Innovation drives Productivity
JPC: 2001-2010 period
Contribution of Industrial Sectors to Overall Performance
GDP Performance 2002-2011
Henrekson, Stockholm School of Economics
Growth Drivers and Firm Types
Replicative Firms
Efficiency Factors
Innovating Firms
Small
Businesses
SME’s are VITAL to Country’s Survival
Imagine 1000 SME’s exporting US$1million in goods and services: That’s US$1.0billion contributing to our Current Account
Now imagine 2000 SME’s exporting US$1million in goods and services:
SME’s combined would add US$2.0billion and so
CLOSE OUR CURRENT ACCOUNT DEFICIT
GROW OUR GDP
STABILISE OUR ECONOMY
•The models of the last 2 eras (agricultural and industrial ) rested on Land, Labour (low-cost) and Capital (LLC) as key factors of economic production
• In the current period Knowledge is the main resource
The Global Knowledge Economy
Umemoto 2006
Global economy has been in transition since the 1980’s to what is variously termed a New Economy, Digital Economy or a Knowledge Economy
THE NEW KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY
Global Shift to the Knowledge Economy
(variance in GDP explained by KEI in model)
RESOURCE-BASED ECONOMIES EFFICIENCY-BASED ECONOMIES INNOVATION ECONOMIES
TransitionI to II
JamaicaGuyana
TransitionII to III
TrinidadBarbados
Stage II
Dom RepPanama
Costa Rica
Stage III
???
Stage I
HondurasNicaragua
Countries compete based on their factorendowments: primarily unskilled labourand natural resources.
Compete on the basis of price and sellbasic products or commodities, withtheir low productivity reflected in lowwages.
Countries begin to develop more efficientproduction processes and increase productquality.
Competitiveness is increasingly driven by highereducation and training.
Wages have risen and they cannot increaseprices
Companies must compete by producing newand different goods using the mostsophisticated production processes andthrough innovation.
Wages will have risen by so much that theyare only able to sustain those higher wagesand the associated standard of living byhigher value production
The Shift to Knowledge and Innovation
Thoughts on Innovation
Pronounced uniform regional group inflexion
Mission: To create new Innovation Outcomes for Firms
What is Innovation
Innovation....
Creation of added-value from new or Improved products, processes, methodologies, services, business models, or markets
Schumpeter 1934
The Innovation-Productivity-Competitiveness-
Export Link
Innovative Capacity
Competitiveness Improvement
Competitive Global Marketspaces
Begins with knowledgeable engaged motivated human resources
IncreasedProductivity
Export Entry
NATIONAL INNOVATION BEGINS WITH INDIVIDUAL INNOVATION
Clarke 2012
Going Global
Typically the most productive local firms are the earliest to go global:
a. The firm has the confidence that they can play on the global stage
a. Having maxed out markets domestically, they need the global marketspace in order to maintain their growth trajectory
GROWING SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE
Is the resource or capability VALUABLE ?
Is it homogeneouslydistributed across
all firms ?Ie RARE
Is resource or capability IMPERFECTLY mobile ?
Competitive disadvantage
Competitive parity
Sustained Competitive Advantage
Temporary Competitive Advantage
YES
NO
YES
NO
YES
NO
Mata, Feurst, Barney (1995)
Acquired /Imported Innovations
IndigenousInnovations
Is the ORGANISATIONALmodel embedded
?
YES
V.R.I.O MODEL
Study of IWB of Employees in US High-Tech Services Firms
OrganisationalContext
Individual Motivation
Employee Innovative Behaviour
inWorkplace
Intrinsic Motivation
Integrated Motivation
Identified Motivation
Organisational Context β=0.327 β=0.267 β=0.195
Model explains (Rsq) 24% 21% 14%
Employee Innovative Work Behaviour
Autonomous Motivation Explains 36.1%
• Four 17 year olds straight out of school (Campion) decided on recording career
• Travelling, performing and harvesting revenues globally within 3 years of start-up
• Classic INV firm• SCA based on their unique content and
singing style (VRIO)• Recently completed a multi-year deal for
“The Voice / Guiding Light” to be on Japan Air Line (JAL) playlist for inter-continental and domestic flights
Born Globals / International New Ventures (INV)
T. O. K.
Case Study #1
Jamaica’s first global enterprise ?
At its peak in the 1920 the UNIA had over Divisions : 1,900Countries : 40 globallyincluding : United States, Cuba, Panama, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Venezuela, Ghana, Sierra Leone, Liberia, India, Australia, Nigeria, Namibia, Canada, Nigeria and South Africa.
The first Jamaican Global Enterprise
The UNIA
If you have not confidence in self, you are twice defeated in the race of life. With confidence, you have won even before you have started.
Case Study
eCLIPSE
• Enhancing Competitiveness through Leadership, Innovation, Productivity, Self-Determinism and Entrepreneurship.
• Complements business planning, accounting, budgeting training with,
• Global mindset orientation, innovation, creative problem-solving
• GoJ / IMF mandate for JBDC and SME’s and as part of the GrowthAgenda
• MSME and Entrepreneurship Policy tabled in May and passed this week in Parliament
• Legislative Agenda: Secured Interests Personal Property , Insolvency , Copyright, Trademark, Companies Act, Superform
• $63million of Capital Support from MIIC in 2013/2014 for CreativeIndustries and Business Incubation and Acceleration
• $2billion in loan support to micro-enterprise sector ($700million) and SME sector ($1.3billion)
HISTORIC SME POLICY SUPPORT FRAMEWORK
• Need to structure economic payoffs to favour innovators and the innovating firms in order to drive sustainability, resilience, flexibility, competitiveness, export growth and prosperity
• SME’s are vital to increasing exports and stabilising the economy
• Jamaica cannot assert any globally distinctive VRIO resources or capabilities from factors derived from and structurally bounded tothe old agro-industrial era
• Your mental models, global mindset, confidence, persistence,motivation are critical factors for taking your firm global
• With confidence you are a winner before you get started (Garvey)
MESSAGES TO TAKE HOME