20/09/2014'

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Urban''Economic''

Development'!!

as!Making!!Unfolds!Its!Poten2al!

'Peter'Troxler'

p.troxler@hr.nl'University'of'Applied'Sciences'RoEerdam'

Research'Centre'CreaGng'010'

Making'Fab'Lab'(Neil'Gershenfeld,'MIT,'2001)'Center'for'Bits'and'Atoms'"How'to'make'(almost)'anything"'

CNC'milling'Laser'cuXng'3D'prinGng'Microcontroller'programming'Electronics'

'

Photo'©'2012'Manon'Mostert'–'van'der'Sar,'with'permission'

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Maker'Movement'Makerspaces'

MAKE'magazine'MAKER'faire'MAKER'shed'hEp://makermedia.com'(ex'O'Reilly)'

'Techshop'Inc.'

'Bay'Area'The'Maker'Movement'Manifesto:'Rules'for'InnovaGon'in'the'new'World'of''Crabers,'Hackers'and'Tinkerers'

Duplo'Brick'to'Brio'Track'adapter'by'Zydac'

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Who'Takes'NoGce'Global'Players'

Fab'Lab:'Schlumberger,'Aramco,'Chevron'Techshop:'Ford,'BMW'MAKE:'DARPA'

'Regional'Players'

Dutch'Order'of'Inventors'Fab'Lab'Amersfoort'Fab'City'Barcelona'

©'2012'complexitys.con,'ccdbydsa'

Inner'City'Boston'

©'2005'NBC'News.' ©'2005'Neil'Gershenfeld' ©'2005'O’Reilly'Media'.'

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Barcelona'

Protospace'

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Vienna'2010'

2013:'1,000'regular'users''growth:'1'to'2'users'/'day'

Zurich'2011'100'%'private'funding'Layered'business'model'Expansion'2013/14'

©'2014'Christoph'Laib'

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RoEerdam'•  Stadslab'RoEerdam'•  HET'LAB,'Alexander'•  RDM'Makerspace'•  Made'in'4Havens'•  ….'•  RoEerdam'Maakstad'•  Plalorm'Digital'Manufacturing'•  3D'Proebuin'•  …'•  Fieldlab'3D'PrinGng'

RDM'Maker'Space'Access'

highdtech'manufacturing'equipment''prototyping'and'manufacturing'services'

Spur'innovaGon'and'entrepreneurship''create'a'place'where'smart,'creaGve'and'experienced'people'with'different'skills'come'together'and'eventually'form'a'large'community'of'makers.'

Part'of'RDM'Campus'

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Belfast'(and'Derry)'European'Union'Peace'Programme''

GBP'1.35'million''100'people'/'week'A'few'companies'

Sheffield'Access'Space''•  Access'Space'Media'Lab,'

open'since'2000'•  Refab'Space'(2012),''

a'DIY'FabLab'Sheffield'Hardware'Hackers'and'Makers'ROCO'CreaGve'Coop'Sheffield'Maker'and'Hackers'(Sheffield'Makers'Day)'

©'2014'Sheffield'Hardware'Hackers,'all'rights'reserved.'

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ROCO'(Sheffield)'

Bilbao'Bilbao'Makers'(2012)'•  3D'prinGng'•  Arduino'Bilbao'Mini'Maker'Faire'

©'2013'malaberto.'

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Torino'2011:'150'years'Italy'The'Future'of'Work''Fab'Lab'Torino'Officine'Arduino'

Milan'Frankenstein'Garage'Open'Dot'FabLab'Ventura'WeMake'

''

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Leipzig'

London'2'Fab'Labs'

'(City,'Greenwich)'4'Hacker/Makerspaces''InsGtute'of'Making'(UCL)'

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Saint'EGenne'Open'Factory'(2013)'

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Lille'Fab'Lab'Lille'(2011)'m|e|h|u'lab'(2011)'Everytek'(2003)'

©'2014'Fab'Lab'Lille.'

Phoenix''Hackerspaces'•  DARC'•  Inventors'Warehouse'•  Spread'the'Weird'Studio'

whois thedarc.orgNOT FOUNDWhois inventorswarehouse.netDomain Name: INVENTORSWAREHOUSE.NETStatus: pendingDeleteExpiration Date: 29-jun-2014

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Phoenix''Hackerspaces'•  DARC'•  Inventors'Warehouse'•  Spread'the'Weird'Studio'The'aim'of'the'studio'is'to'encourage'Design'Thinking'by'applying'STEAM'EducaGon'concepts'to'a'series'of'handsdon'AnimaGon'projects'using'Open'Source'sobware.'

City'Strategies'Belfast'

Lille'Leipzig'

Barcelona'

Sheffield'RoEerdam'

?'

Turin'Milan' London'

Involvement'

Partners'

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Urban'Development'

Areas&Market&&&&resources&

Actors&

New'Strategies'

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Not'Relevant'Method&•  LiEle'to'no'involvement'

Consequence&•  Random'effects'

Big'Money'Method&•  Include'in'substanGal'

priority'of'city'development'•  Allocate'substanGal'funds'

(>300.000/year,'3+'years)'•  Set'clear'targets/

performance'indicators'

Consequence&•  FabLab'will'deliver'on'target'

(as'likely'as'any'other'similar'operaGon)'

•  You'get'what'you'pay'for'•  No'surprises'

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Welcoming'Method&•  CreaGng'an'environment'

Consequences&•  Emergence'of'Fab'Labs'and'

other'new'models'

Hybrid'Method&•  MulGdStakeholder'approach'•  Topddown'/'boEomdup'/'

lateral'•  Respond'to'a'need'rather'

deploy'an'instrument'

Consequences&•  Growth'potenGal'•  Expect'the'unexpected'•  Longdterm'effect'

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Design'PaEerns'

Design Pattern

higherdlevel'paEern'

posiGve'consequences'

lowerdlevel'paEern'

negaGve''consequences'

knowledge'

pracGce'

Fab'Labs'

MODèle

Autreslieux

autresfablabs

lieu

equipe

communautéslocales

histoire / Environnementsocio-culturel

compétencesSavoir-Faire

matériaux

industriesinnovantes

entrepreunariat / Entrepreunariat social

artisanat

arthur Schmitt, nod-A autres types de lieux: techshops, hackerspaces, makerspaces, repair cafés, EPNs, etc.

formation /EDucation

Businessmodel

Programmation

outilsspécifiques

Nouveaux objets /détournement d’objets

Projets collaboratifs

solutions locales etgloables à des grandesproblématiques

objets pour un marché d’une personneréparation / réutilisation /recyclage

Utilisateurs:- designers- ingénieurs- entrepreneurs- architectes- inventeurs- codeurs- PMEs- artisans- habitants- artistes- jeunes / enfants- défavorisés ...

Outils:- machines à commandenumérique- plateformes programmables- outillage de base- plateformes de partage en ligne

impactglobal

impactlocal

Fablab projets

territoire

communautésen ligne

Principe(make, share, learn)

fabricationnumérique

organisation(charte)

Ecosystème au service du mouvement

mouvement ‘makers’

open source / open hardware

innovation

NETWORK: !POLY-CENTRIC; LAYERED AND LATERAL

FUNDING: !DISPARITY – 10K, 100K LABS

LABS BUILDING LABS: !RISK OF FAB LAB BUBBLE

FUNDING: !CONTROVERSY OF CORPORATE MONEY

DEVELOPING WORLD: !DIFFICULT DELIVERY MECHANISMS

MORAL/POLITICAL: !NEED FOR CRITICAL POSITION, TAKING SIDES

PARTICIPATION: !REFLECT LOCAL CULTURE, ACCOUNTABILITY, COMMITMENT

SHARING: !UNDERDEVELOPED BEYOND LOCAL/PERSONAL CONTEXT

TECHNOLOGY: !NOT NEUTRAL, SOCIETY MADE DURABLE

THIRD PLACES: !INTERACTION BETWEEN PRACTICE AND STRUCTURE

URBAN DEVELOPMENT: !LATERAL INSTITUTIONS ALONGSIDE GOVERNMENT

EDUCATION: !EPISTEMOLOGICAL PLURALISM (WHAT COUNTS AS KNOWLEDGE?)

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Lab'Centric'Approaches'Equity'Fairness'Diversity''Power'and'Economic'RelaGons'Responsible'Use'of'Resources'and'Sustainability''Third'Places''Distributed'and'CollaboraGve '''

Empowerment'

Technology'

PoliGcal'Social'

Living'Labs?'

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Role'of'Government'

local'

regional'

naGonal'

EU'

'

'Interface?'

Core'Values'Openness'

'right'to'produce''open'source'in'design'&'hardware'

'Ownership'

making'city'responsibility'

'Experiment'

fail'quickly''but'cheaply' Thank'You'