University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot

Sujala – III Project(Karnataka Watershed Development Project- II)

Land Resource inventery of Mustari wadi Micro-watershed (4E6E2D1e)Raipalli sub watershed, Tq. Humnabad, Dist. Bidar, Karnataka

University of Horticultural Sciences, BagalkotNational Bureau of Soil Survey & Land Use Planning, Bangalore

Watershed Development Department, Govt. of Karnataka, Bangalore

The Vision

University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot has envisaged a vision to attain, excellence in academics by

imparting quality education to develop professional human resources with entrepreneurial skills addressing the

thrust areas of research to develop advanced technologies and to promote farmer centric technology for further

transfer to achieve holistic growth of Horticulture Sector achieving sustainability, stability and productivity of

UNIVERSITY OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCES, BAGALKOT AN OVERVIEW:

University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot came into existence through the special ordinance

issued by Government of Karnataka vide No.2 of 20018 on 22-11-2008. The institution has already dedicated for

development of horticulture sector in the state and has developed several varieties, technologies and models and

offering services to farming community and other agencies of the state government with a goal for enhancing and

achieving sustainable productivity.

transfer to achieve holistic growth of Horticulture Sector achieving sustainability, stability and productivity of

resources, and development of farming and allied sectors. The University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot is

catering the needs of farming community stretching from Bidar to Mysore in the state apart from its mandate of

Teaching Research and expansion the university is committed in expanding its services in natural resource

conservation of state through strategic planning and providing critical technical inputs for sustainable development.

University has a separate department on natural resource management through which it is offering technical support

to planning and implementing agencies of the state including agriculture and Horticulture Department. University is

sharing its expertise and infrastructure in development of soil health cards across the state under national soil health

mission. One of its flagship project in natural resource management is SUJALA-III project being implemented in

Bidar District of the state. The programme is envisaged with development and documentation of land resource

inventory of district and providing critical science based site specific inputs for integrated watershed planning and

development.

Chapter Page Chapter Page

Contributors

How to read and use the atlas Soil Fertility Status:

Scientific, Physical and Cultural symbols used Soil Reaction (pH)

1.Introduction Salinity (EC)

2.General Description of Raipalli Sub-watershed Organic Carbon

2.1.Location and Extent Available Nitrogen

2.2. Geology Available Phosphorous

2.3. Landform Available Potassium

2.4. Climate Exchangeable Calcium

CONTENTS:

2.4. Climate Exchangeable Calcium

3. Survey Methodology Exchangeable Magnesium

4.Resorce inventery of microwater sheads Available Sulphur

The Soils : Available Copper

Satellite Image Available Manganese

Cadastral map Available Iron

Soil Map Available Zinc

Soil Depth Land Capability Classification

Surface Soil Texture Land Suitability for Major Horticulture crops

Soil Gravelliness Proposed Crop Plan (Table)

Slope Soil & Water Conservation Plan

Soil Erosion Location of wells

Activities Contribution By

Planning, Review, Correlation and Report Finalization

Dr. Ashok S. Alur Dr. Natarajan

Dr. V. Nachegowda Mr. Praveenkumar B.Naikodi

Dr. Ravindra Mulge Dr. Praveen Jholgikar

Dr. Rajendra Hegde Dr. Ganeshgouda Patil

Field Survey and Mapping

Mr. Praveenkumar B.Naikodi Mr. Manjappa. P

Dr. Dhanurkar S. Mr. Veeresh P.H.

Contributors

Dr. Dhanurkar S. Mr. Veeresh P.H.

Dr. Niranjana Mr. Sunil Kishan

Mr. Gautam M. Mr. Nabeesab Sutar

Mr. Kirankumar S. Mr. Basavareddy S. Konda

Mr. Ruben Ashirvadam Mr. Shivanand Elshetty

Socio economic Survey

Dr. Ganeshgouda Patil Mr. Manjunath Burli

Mr. Gautal M. Mr. Umesh Dashyal

Mr. Kirankumar. S Mr. Mahesh Dandekar

Mr. Gururaj Mr. Kashinath Rathod

Laboratory Analysis and Characterization

Mr. Praveenkumar B. Naikodi Mr. Kirankumar S.

Ms. Kalpana P.R. Ms. Shilparani P.K.

Mr. Ruben Ashirvadam Dr. Nair, NBSS & LUP

Mr. Gautam M.

Geographic Information System (GIS) Analysis and Interpretation

Mr. Praveenkumar B.Naikodi Dr. Praveen Jholgikar

Ms, Shakuntala V M Mr. Kirankumar . S

Ms.Sunita A Pattanashetti Mr. Gautam M.

Dr. Srinivas, NBSS & LUPDr. Srinivas, NBSS & LUP

Land Suitability Assessment and Crop Planning

Dr. Praveen Jholgikar Dr. Ganeshgouda Patil

Mr. Praveenkumar B. Naikodi Dr. Srinivas N.

The Land Resource Inventory of Mustari South

micro-watershed (Humanabad taluk, Bidar district) for

Watershed Planning (AESR 6.2) was undertaken to provide

comprehensive site- specific cadastral level information useful for

farm level planning and integrated development of the area under

Sujala – III, Karnataka Watershed Development Project- II.

This atlas contains the basic information on kinds

of soils, their geographic distribution, characteristics and

classification. The soil map and soil based thematic maps derived

from soils data on soil depth, soil gravelliness, slope, land

refer this atlas first by identifying his/her field and survey number

on the village soil map and by referring the soil legend which is

provided in tabular form after the soil map for details pertaining

to his/her area of interest.

The atlas explains in simple terms the different

kinds of soils present in the watershed, their potentials and

problems through a series of thematic maps that help to develop

site-specific plans as well as the need to conserve and manage this

increasingly threatened natural resource through sustainable land

use management. The Land Resource Atlas contains database

How to read and use the Atlas

ii

from soils data on soil depth, soil gravelliness, slope, land

suitability for various crops and land use maps are presented on

1:12,500 scale. The maps of fertility status (soil reaction, organic

carbon, available phosphorus, available potassium, available

sulphur, available calcium, available copper, available

manganese, available zinc, available iron, available boron and

salinity (EC) on 1:12,500 scale were derived from grid point

sampling of the surface soils from the watershed.

The atlas illustrates 46 maps and tables that depict

the soil resources of the watershed and the need for their

sustainable management.

The user, depending on his/her requirement, can

use management. The Land Resource Atlas contains database

collected at land parcel/ survey number level on soils, climate,

water, vegetation, crops and cropping patterns, socio-economic

conditions, marketing facilities etc. helps in identifying soil and

water conservation measures required, suitability for crops and

other uses and finally for preparing a viable and sustainable land

use options for each and every land parcel.

For easy map reading and understanding the

information contain in different maps, the physical, cultural and

scientific symbols used in the maps are illustrated in the form of

colors, graphics and tables.

INTRODUCTION

With an objective to study, conserve and enhance productivity of various

resource of Bidar district, detailed resource inventory of Raipally sub water shed has been

acomplished by University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot in association with National

Bureau of Soil and Land Use Planning, Bangalore under SUJALA-III project financially

assisted by world bank through WDD Bangalore. The task undertaken was aimed to provide

comprehensive site specific cadastral level information for facilitating farm level planning and

implementation, status of several resources have been studied and compiled to bring out scienceimplementation, status of several resources have been studied and compiled to bring out science

based site specific suitable interventions and their effective implimention through various

government departments and institutions. It is kown that major part of the cultivable land area is

under rainfed cultivation in the Karnataka state. This vast stretch of rainfed area (about 10 m.ha)

is affected by severe soil loss due to erosion, low and uncertain productivity, fodder shortage,

low rainwater use efficiency, rapid depletion of ground water, low level of technological

penetration and very few livelihood opportunities. The extent and severity of various forms of

degradation has affected not only the productivity but also the sustainability of the land

resources in the state.

Among the various forms of land degradation, soil erosion is very widespread in all the

rainfed areas.various conservation measures taken over a period of time is insufficient in many areas to

protect the natural resource due to mismatch between the conservation interventions implemented and

actual requirments. Apart from the widespread degradation witnessed, in many areas, soil erosion, salinity

and alkalinity have become so severe that immediate sustanable and economicaly viable corrective

measures to restore the health of the resource was found most essential. For taking up effective

conservation measures on a scientific foundation, there is an urgent need to undertake the systematic land

resources inventorization of all the existing resources like soils, climate, minerals and rocks, ground

water, vegetation, crops, land use pattern, socio-economic conditions, infrastructure, marketing facilities

etc. Once site-specific farm level database is generated and made available to all developmental

departments, it will help in planning, implementing and monitoring of various land based rural

developmental projects in an effective way. Further, this will help in evolving rational, site-specific and

viable land use options for productivity enhancement and suitable resource management.

In the present study various spatial and non spatial data sets were generated through LRI on a

cadastral base and other information was compiled from different secondary sources for each micro

watershed and assessed for the constraints and potentials of the area, capability of the resources for

planning and development (Land Capability Classification), suitability for irrigation

(Irrigability Classification), suitability of the resources for various carps like cereals, pulses, oilseeds,

commercial crops like cotton, sugarcane, etc.(Land Suitability Classification), suitability for various

horticultural and plantation crops, fodder crops, forestry and other uses and assessing the fertility status

and Soil Health.

The LRI database and thematic outputs generated for each microwatersherd is linked to

individual survey numbers occurring in the watershed area along with farmer details obtained from

Bhoomi website has been pooled for effective implementation and watershed management plan for the 10

micro watersheds spread across in the Raipally subwatershed area of Humanabad taluk, Bidar district.

Thus, availability of bench mark reference in the farm of an resource atlas which includes all

the resource database generated becomes vital tool which can comprehensive site specific cadastral level

decision supporting reference for effective implementation of programs.

The data generated through resource inventory of Raipally subwatersd (4E6E2D) has been

compiled in this atlas to provide a ready reconer for the user as reference in planning and implementation

of various programmes related to effective and sustainable resource management of Raipally sub

watershed inperticullar and district in general. The resources inventory includes indept analysis of various

components like soil, land,water, livestock, crops, natural vegetation socio-economic status of in habitants

and human resource.

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1957-1966 1967-1976 1977-1986 1987-1996 1997-2006 2007-2014

Ra

infa

ll (

mm

)

Average Rainfall

Average Rainfall

Decadal average rainfall of Humnabad (Dist. Bidar) from 1957-2014

Climate

-10.0010.0030.0050.0070.0090.00

0.0010.0020.0030.0040.0050.00

Rel

ativ

e H

um

idit

y

Tem

per

atu

re (

0C)

2002-2014

Temperature and Relative Humidity

max. Temp min. Temp. RH-8.30 RH-5.30

Decadal average rainfall of Humnabad (Dist. Bidar) from 1957-2014

Average monthly temperature (0 C) and relative humidity (%) as recorded in Humnaba

The Raipalli sub watershed of Bidar

district is a part of Deccan plateau of India and

is derived from solidified lava and shows laterite

developed over basalt. The northern part of the

district is characterized by expanse of level

surface punctuated here and there by flat and

undulating hillocks, black soils and basaltic

rocks. The southern half of the district is a high

Geology

rocks. The southern half of the district is a high

plateau of about 715 m above MSL. The

average elevation of the district is between 580

to 610 m above MSL. Alluvial deposits are

normally found along the banks of Manjra river

and its tributaries. The major minerals found in

the area are Bauxite, Kaoline and Red Ocre. The

district is dominated by two types of soil

viz., lateritic red soils and black soils.

Geology of the area-Laterites over Basalt parent rock

The Soil:

SOIL FERTILITY STATUS

LAND SUITABILITY FOR SOME IMPORTANT HORTICULTURE CROPS

Mapping unit Survey no Characters Crops proposed

Field crops Forestry

Crop/Grasses

Horticulture crops

(Rainfed

Condition)

Horticulture crops

With suitable intervention

Suitable Intervention

BDiA2

BDiB2

BDiB3

138,122,123.

151,149,152.

159,153,154,

135,92,94,91,

171,172,139,

140,135,133,

132,131

Very Shallow

Depth (< 25

cm)

Gravelly clay

(Slope 1-3%)

Erosion:

Moderately

Eroded.

Sole crop:

Bajra,

Navni,Linseed

Red gram +

Ashwagandha

Red gram

+Phundi

Red gram +

Fodder

sorghum

Simaruba,

Glyricidia,

Neem, Jatropa.

Fruit crops:

Custard apple,

Charolli,

Markingnut, Ber,

Cashew, Butea spp,

Karonda, Bael,

woodapple

Mango, custard apple,

cashew, Tamarind, Aonla

Deep and wider size pit,Drip

irrigation with suitable soil

and water conservation

measures.

KDiA1

KDiA2

153,152,137,13

6,91,88,94.

Shallow depth

(25 to 50 cms)

Sole crop;

sorghum,

Simaruba,

Glyricidia,

Fruit crops:

Custard apple,

Mango, Cashew, Gauva,

custardapple,Tamarind,Aonl

Deep and wider size pit,Drip

irrigation with suitable soil

Proposed Crop Plan for Mustariwadi Micro-watershed (4E6E2D1e, Area: 555.18 ha) Tq: Humnabad, Dist: Bidar

KDiA2

KDiB2

MDiB2

MDiB3

6,91,88,94.

156,157,158,15

9,160,170,138.7

5, 76, 82/1, 54.

122,123,129,

130,131,132,

134.

95,96,97,135.

(25 to 50 cms)

Gravelly clay

(Slope – 1-3%)

Moderately

eroded

sorghum,

castor,

Bajra, Navni,

Niger

Red gram +

Soybean

Red gram +

Green gram

Red gram +

Black gram

Red gram +

Phundi

Red gram +

Sisamum,

Red gram +

Fodder

sorghum

Red gram +

Ashwagandha

Glyricidia,

Subabul, Butea

spp. Neem,

Jatropa,

Sandalwood

Grasses:

Styloxanthes

hamata,

styloxanthes

scabra, Hybrid

Napier, Sesbania,

Khus grass

Custard apple,

Tamarind,Ber,

Cashew,Bael,

woodapple,karonda,

Aonla

Vegetables:

clusterbean, bhendi,

Phundi

Flowers:

Gaillardia, Spider

lilly

custardapple,Tamarind,Aonl

a, Lime,

pammelo,jamun,Ber apple

Veg: Onion, Tomato,

Brinjal, Chilli, Bhendi

Flowers-Gaillardia,

marigold, Chrysanthemum,

lilly

irrigation with suitable soil

and water conservation

measures

Cultivation on raised beds

with mulches and drip.

APiB2

MShB2

MSiB2

MSiC3

93,94,95,97,154

,155,158.112,11

3,114,115,116,1

18,124,125,126,

138,139.103/1,1

03/2,104,105,10

6,107, 108,111,

112.49,98,

102,106,

10,123,128,

146.

Depth 50-

75cms

Gravelly Clay

Slope 1-3%

Moderate

erosion

Sole crop;

Khariff

season:

Redgram,

soyabean,

Sugarcane,

Ground nut,

sunflower,

sorghum.

Red gram +

Soybean

Red gram +

Green gram

Red gram +

Black gram

Red gram +

Sesame

-do-

Fruit crops:

Mango, sapota,

Gauva, Lime Jamun,

Tamarind, Jackfruit,

Fig

Vegetable:

Clusterbean, bhendi,

Chilli, curryleaf,

Drumstick

Flower: Gaillardia,

Spider lilly,

Merigold

Fruits:

Mango, Gauva, lime, sweet

orange, Kinnow , Papaya, ,

Banana, coconut.

Vegetables:

Solanaceous, Cucurbits,

Crucifers, tuberous and leafy

vegetables, Drumstick and

curry leaf.

Flower: Gaillardia,

Tuberose, Marigold,

Chrysanthemum, Rose,

Jasmine,

Species: Zinger, turmeric

Drip irrigation with suitable

soil and water conservation

measures

Cultivation on raised beds

with mulches and drip.

Rabi season:

Sorghum,

Bengalgram,

Safflower,

sunflower,

wheat.

CGiA1

CGiB2

MTiB2

MWmA1

132,133,134.

112,127.

53,101,103/1.

53,99,100,101.

Deep clay soil

(Depth 75-

100cm)

Slope 0-1% &

>100cm

slightly –

moderate

erosion

Sole crop;

Khariff

season:

Redgram,

soyabean,

Sugarcane,

Ground nut,

sunflower,

sorghum.

Red gram +

Soybean

Red gram +

Green gram

Red gram +

Black gram

Red gram +

-

Fruit crops:

Mango, sapota,

Gauva, Lime Jamun,

Tamarind, Jackfruit,

Fig

Veg:Beans, Bhendi,

Drumstick,

Clusterbean,

Curryleaf, Coriander

etc.

Flower: Gaillardia,

lilly, Merigold

Fruits:

Banana, Papaya, Mango,

sapota, lime, sweetorange,

Kinnow, Gauva, Coconut,

Vegetables:

Solanaceous, Cucurbits,

Crucifers, tuberous and leafy

vegetables, Drumstick and

curry leaf.

Flower:

Gaillardia, Tuberose,

Marigold, Chrysanthemum,

Rose, Jasmine,

Species:

zinger, turmeric

Drip irrigation with suitable

soil and water conservation

measures

Cultivation on raised beds

with mulches and drip

irrigation system.

Red gram +

Sesam

Rabi season:

Sorghum,

Bengalgram,

Safflower,

sunflower,

wheat

RPiA1

RPiB2

RPiC2

RPmA1

72,

73,74,75,76,

77, 78, 82/1.

113,115,116,1

25,126,135,13

7,138,139,140,

145,146.

105,108,109,1

10,111,112,14

6.

83,84,85,86,87

,88,89,90,100,

171,172,173,1

74,176,177,17

8.

Deep clay soil

(Depth

>100cm)

Slope 0-1% &

slightly –

moderate

erosion

Sole crop;

Khariff season:

Redgram,

Soyabean,

Sugarcane, Ground

nut, sunflower,

Sorghum.

Red gram +

Soybean

Red gram + Green

gram

Red gram + Black

gram

Red gram + Sesame

Rabi season:

Sorghum,

-

Fruit crops:

Sapota, Gauva,

Lime Jamun,

Tamarind,

Jackfruit.

Veg: Beans,

Bhendi, Drumstick,

Clusterbean,

Curryleaf,

Coriander etc.

Flower: Gaillardia,

lilly, Merigold

Fruits:

Banana, Papaya, Sapota,

lime, Sweet orange,

Kinnow, Gauva, Coconut,

Vegetables:

Solanaceous, Cucurbits,

Crucifers, tuberous and

leafy vegetables,

Drumstick and curry leaf.

Flower:

Gaillardia, Tuberose,

Marigold, Chrysanthemum,

Rose, Jasmine,

Species:

zinger, turmeric

Drip irrigation with

suitable soil and water

conservation measures

Cultivation on raised beds

with mulches and drip

irrigation system.

Bengalgram,

Safflower,

sunflower, wheat

Note: Bold no indicates areas covers only < 30% in mapping units