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UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA
DEVELOPMENT HUMAN MOVEMENT SUPPORT USING
ANDROID TECHNOLOGY
This report is submitted in accordance with the requirement of the Universiti
Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) for the Bachelor Degree of Electronic
Engineering Technology (Industrial Electronic) with Honours.
by
NOR ASHIKIN BT MHD GHAZALI
B071310339
910820025944
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY
2016
BORANG PENGESAHAN STATUS LAPORAN PROJEK SARJANA MUDA
UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA
BORANG PENGESAHAN STATUS LAPORAN PROJEK SARJANA MUDA
TAJUK: Development Human Movement Support Using Android Technology
SESI PENGAJIAN: 2016/2017
Saya NOR ASHIKIN BT MHD GHAZALI
mengaku membenarkan Laporan PSM ini disimpan di Perpustakaan Universiti
Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) dengan syarat-syarat kegunaan seperti berikut:
1. Laporan PSM adalah hak milik Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka dan penulis.
2. Perpustakaan Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka dibenarkan membuat salinan untuk tujuan pengajian sahaja dengan izin penulis.
3. Perpustakaan dibenarkan membuat salinan laporan PSM ini sebagai bahan
pertukaran antara institusi pengajian tinggi.
4. **Sila tandakan ( )
SULIT
TERHAD
TIDAK TERHAD
(Mengandungi maklumat yang berdarjah keselamatan
atau kepentingan Malaysia sebagaimana yang termaktub
dalam AKTA RAHSIA RASMI 1972)
(Mengandungi maklumat TERHAD yang telah ditentukan
oleh organisasi/badan di mana penyelidikan dijalankan)
Disahkan oleh:
** Jika Laporan PSM ini SULIT atau TERHAD, sila lampirkan surat daripada pihak berkuasa/organisasi
berkenaan dengan menyatakan sekali sebab dan tempoh laporan PSM ini perlu dikelaskan sebagai SULIT
atau TERHAD.
Alamat Tetap:
Kampung Masjid Tiak
09200, Kupang
Kedah Darul Aman
Tarikh: 20 December 2016
Cop Rasmi:
Tarikh: _______________________
DECLARATION
I hereby, declared this report entitled “Development Human Movement Support
Using Android Technology” is the result of my own research except as cited in
references.
Signature : ______________________________
Author’s Name : NOR ASHIKIN BT MHD GHAZALI
Date : 20 DECEMBER 2016
APPROVAL
This report is submitted to the Faculty of Engineering Technology of UTeM as a partial
fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Bachelor of Electronic Enginee r ing
Technology (Industrial Electronics) with Honours. The member of the supervisory
committee is as follow :
………………………………
(Project Supervisor)
i
ABSTRAK
Setiap manusia mempunyai had dan keupayaan mereka sendiri terutamanya yang
mempunyai kekurangan diri atau dalam perkataan lain kurang upaya. Ini akan
mengehadkan kemampuan mereka bila bekerja yang boleh menyebabkan masalah jika
mereka menghadapi halangan yang melebihi had mereka. Tujuan projek ini adalah
untuk memudahkan kerja manusia atau melebihi keupayaan manusia terutama sekali
dalam memuatkan atau mengangkat dengan menggunakan Teknologi Android.
Dengan menggunakan Arduino sebagai mikro pengawal, ia akan bertindak sebagai
satu medium antara peranti dan pengguna di mana penggunaan Bluetooth modul
sebagai pemancar dan penerima. Micro pengawal akan menghantar signal untuk
mengaktifkan pergerakan motor mengikut arahan diberi oleh pengguna. Ciri projek ini
ialah ia boleh memuatkan beban sehingga 55 kg dan boleh dikawal sehingga 10 meter.
ii
ABSTRACT
Every human have their own limits and capability especially those that have a natural
limit or in other word disable. This would limit their ability when working which can
lead to trouble if they were to encounter obstacle that are beyond their limit. The
purpose of this project is to ease the human work or exceed beyond the human
capability especially in loading or lifting by using Android Technology. With the use
of Arduino as the microcontroller, it will act as a medium between the device and the
user where the use of Bluetooth module as the transmitter and the receiver. The
microcontroller will transmit command to activated the movement of the motor
depending in how the user desired. The feature of this project is that it up to 55kg max
and can be remote at a range of 10 meter.
iii
DEDICATION
Alhamdulillah, praise to the Almighty ALLAH S.W.T.
This thesis is dedicated to
My beloved family,
My Friends,
and my lecturer
Thanks for their encouragement and support
iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Bismillahirrahmaanirrahim,
In the name of Allah S.W.T, the most compassionate and the most merciful.
Firstly, thanks to Allah S.W.T because giving me a good health and huge
courage and strength to do this final year project.
Secondly, I wish to express sincere appreciation to Universiti Teknikal
Malaysia Melaka (UTeM) for giving me a chance to further my study on Bachelor’s
Degree in Electronic Engineering Technology (Electronic Industry) in Faculty of
Engineering Technology (FTK).
I would like to express my heartily and sincerity thankfulness to my project
supervisor, Mr Hasrul’ Nisham Bin Rosly for the guidance, advices, encouragement
and attention given throughout the development of my final year project.
My gratitude goes to my beloved family that always gives courage and
supports me to achieve the goal of my project. Thank for their moral support and great
care that they had given to me. My profound thanks go to all classmates, especially to
my friends for spending their time in helping and giving support whenever I need it in
my project.
v
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
Declaration
Approval
Abstrak
Abstract
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Table of contents
List of tables
List of figures
List of abbreviations, symbols and nomenclature
List of appendices
i
ii
iii
iv
v
viii
ix
xi
xii
CHAPTER
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Overview
1.2 Project Background
1.3 Objectives
1.4 Problem Statement
1.5 Project Scope
1.6 Project Outline
1
1
1
2
2
3
4
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Software Part
2.2.1 Android
2.2.2 MIT Inventor Application
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5
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6
vi
2.2.3 Arduino Software IDE
2.2.4 Proteus
2.3 Hardware Part
2.3.1 Bluetooth
2.3.1.1 Bluetooth Architecture
2.3.1.2 Power classes of Bluetooth
2.3.1.3 Bluetooth Modules
2.3.2 Arduino
2.3.3 Sensor
2.3.3.1 Ultrasonic HC-SR04
2.3.4 Electric Motor
2.4 Comparison between Bluetooth and Wi-Fi
2.5 Related Project
2.5.1 Bluetooth Based Robotic Car
2.5.2 Solar-Powered Android-Based speed control of Dc
2.5.3 Smart control Wheelchair Controller Design
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3. METHODOLOGY
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Flow of Project Methodology
3.2.1 Research of proposed concept
3.2.2 Background study of Project
3.2.3 Research hardware and software
3.2.4 Design programming
3.3 Project planning
3.4 The main hardware selection
3.4.1 Electric Dc Motor
3.4.2 Motor Gear box
3.4.3 Relay module
3.5 Software Implementation
3.5.1 Remote control HMS
3.5.2 Compiling Program to Arduino
3.6 Circuit Testing
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27
29
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35
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3.7 Mechanical Implementation
4. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
4.1 The movement of motor
4.2 Software development
4.2.1 Interface between Bluetooth HC-05 and Arduino
4.2.2 Interface between Bluetooth HC-05 and MIT
4.3 Testing connection between Bluetooth module
4.4 Analysis of relationship between Weight and Time
4.5 Analysis of relationship between Weight and Current
4.6 Discussion
5. CONLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Recommendation
5.3 Project Potential
REFERENCES
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viii
LIST OF TABLE
TABLE TITLE PAGE
2.1 Layers in a Bluetooth 10
2.2 Power Classes of Bluetooth 11
2.3 Technical specs of Arduino Uno Board 14
2.4 Specification of HC-SR04 16
2.5 Comparison Between DC motor 17
2.6 Comparison between Bluetooth and Wi-Fi 18
3.1 Gant Chart for PSM1 25
3.2 Gant Chart for PSM2 26
3.3 The main hardware selection 27
3.4 Connection of pin of relay 30
3.5 Procedure for compiling and upload the program 33
3.6 Connection between relay and Arduino 38
4.1 Truth table for the motor movement 40
4.2 Procedure for connecting Bluetooth with MIT 42
4.3 Range of Bluetooth 44
4.4 Relationship between time and weight 45
4.5 Relationship between time and speed 46
4.6 Relationship between time and current 47
ix
LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE TITLE PAGE
2.1 Icon android 6
2.2 MIT App Inventor Icon 6
2.3 Arduino software IDE 7
2.4 Proteus software 8
2.5 Layers in a Bluetooth 9
2.6 HC-05 Bluetooth module 12
2.7 Arduino Uno board 13
2.8 Ultrasonic sensor 16
2.9 DC Brushless motor 18
3.1 Flow Chart 22
3.2 Block diagram of concept Project 23
3.3 Electric Dc motor 29
3.4 Motor Gear box 29
3.5 Relay module 30
3.6 Coding of remote control HMS 31
3.7 Screenshot Remote control HMS 32
3.8 MIT Inventor App testing 35
3.9 Motor testing 36
3.10 Ultrasonic testing 36
3.11 Range sensitivity of Ultrasonic through serial 37
x
3.12 Before wiring 38
3.13 After wiring and arrange 39
3.14 Prototype of Human movemet support 39
4.1 Connection between Arduino and Bluetooth 41
4.2 Relationship between weight and time 45
4.3 Relationship between weight and speed 46
4.4 Relationship between weight and current 48
xi
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS, SYMBOLS AND
NOMENCLATURE
HMS - Human Movement Support
MAC - Media Access Control
HCI - Host Controller Interface
EDR - Enhanced Data Rate
USB - Universal Serial Bus
AC - Alternating Current
DC - Direct Current
GND - Ground
RX - Receiver
TX - Transmitter
SPI - Serial Peripheral Interface
EDR - Enhanced Data Rate
IC - Integrated Circuit
PCB - Printed Circuit Board
IDE - Integrated Development Environment
xii
LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDIX
TITLE PAGE
A Arduino source code 55
B MIT Inventor source code 63
C Arduino datasheet 66
D Ultrasonic sensor datasheet 68
E Relay module datasheet 70
1
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Overview
This chapter will provide brief explanation about the project which will cover
the background, problem statement, objective and scope of the project. This
explanation will describe the idea and concept of the project and how it is applied in
the real world situation.
1.2 Background
The purpose of this project is lift objects that are beyond the limitation of the
persons capability. This can be example such as outdoor product, home application
product and many more where some of them are very heavy and require the use of
heavy duty vehicle and can lead to a burden in terms of time and money. Other than
that is the burden that a disable person has to go through when they are doing any item
lifting. Without the usual help of third person, the disable person would helpless and
could not lift the item that they need to carry. Because of these problem, we have
develop a project which would help to reduce the burden of these problem where it is
call Human Movement Support (HMS).
Human Movement Support (HMS) is a device that can carry item remotely
using mobile control which is either through smartphone or tablet or etc. The usage of
this project will enable the person to transfer a heavy item with ease which lighten the
burden of a heavy-duty lifting or disable person where this project will become much
more helpful for them. This project will be primary focus on the use of Android
operating system, which will be connected through the Arduino via Bluetooth module
as medium signal.
2
Once this project is connected with the android application, it will control the
device DC motor where the bluetooth module will act as a receiver and transmitter to
the device and connect the module in the Arduino kit. The Arduino kit is the main
body of the device which will response to the command of the user then react according
to the command by moving the DC motor that is attach with the Arduino and allow
the device to move arcordingly. The DC motor is located both left side and right side
of the body which will enable the project to move forward and backward using both
motor and left side and right side using only one of the motor. Also the project will
have an additional component which four sensor that will mount in different direction
to react when the project in counter obstacle when an object is nearby the project.
1.3 Problem Statement
1) Carry a huge and heavy item with bare hand
Depending on the type of field, the need of carrying huge and heavy item can
be a burden to the person carrying it where a large amount of energy is needed
to even lift the item and making the uncomfortable carry the item because of
the stablitiy need to carry the item. With the aid of this device, the person will
only lift the item to the device and then the device will carry the item using
their mobile devices which will ease the burden of carry the item.
2) Burden a disable person in carry and item
Most disable person are either on wheelchair or have aid to support themselves
for example in walking. Because of this, their need on carrying an object is
trouble some where they require a helping hand to carry an item . By having
this project, the disable person can independently carry the object using this
project and controlling the device using mobile devices.
3
1.4 Objective
The objectives of this project are :
1. To study and understand about the basic concept of android application
2. To simulate and develop Arduino application in order to control the
movement of DC motor.
3. To design and develop Human Support Movement in both hardware and
software
1.5 Scope
This project is design to help ease the burden of carrying a huge and heavy
object using the mobile devices to control the device. This project will be remotely
control using Android Technology where Bluetooth will be connected as medium
between the transmitter (mobile device) and the receiver (Bluetooth module). The
receiver is then connected to the main body of the project which is the Arduino where
it will control the DC motor of the project and allowing the project to move based on
command it receive from the user. In addition, the project will add a few feature which
is a sensor that allow the project to react when encounter object obstacle which enable
the project to protect itself from self damage or notify the user that it has difficult ies
when a object or obstacle is nearby. But based on the scope of the project, the project
itself is also limited within the following scope such as:
1. The range of the Bluetooth medium
2. The field situation to use the HSM
3. The type of magnetic motor to be use for the HSM
4. The design of the HSM
4
1.6 Thesis Outline
This implementation of Human Movement Support using Android Technology
is arranged into following chapter :
Chapter 1
This chapter will provide brief explanation about the project which will cover
the background, problem statement, objective and scope of the project. This
explanation will describe the idea and concept of the project and how it is
applied in the real world situation.
Chapter 2
Focuses on literature reviews of this project based on journals and other
references.The method concept, and theory of component of hardware that
used in this project is discussed in this chapter.
Chapter3:
Mainly focused on methodologies for the development of implementation of a
Human movement Support. Details on the progress of the project are explained
in this chapter .
Chapter4:
This chapter focus on the result and discussion that we obtain based on the
methodology that we used. All information must be explained in detail in this
chapter with the problem specification.The results were compared with the
outlined .
Chapter 5:
Concludes overall about the project. Obtacle faces and future recommenda tion
are also discussed in this chapter.
5
CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
This chapter will cover the background study about the project based on the
knowledge and information required to design and develop the project. To develop
this project, it is necessary to go through several research that is related to the idea of
this project. The research that will focus on every hardware and software that will be
used to develop this project. With the this, it will help in achieving the idea of the
project based on what component is suitable to used. The source of these research has
to be acceptable in the system format such as books, journals, articles and website that
are licensed.
2.2 Software part
2.2.1 Android
Nowadays, Android is a powerful Operating system (OS) supporting a
large number of applications in Smart phones. Aziz et al.( 2015) state that
Android technology is a solution that can provide a new approach to human
interaction with machine or tools. These applications make life more easily and
advanced for the users. Android is developed by the open handset Alliance led
by google. Android comes with an Android market which is an online software
store. It allows Android users to select and download applications developed
by thirt party developers and use them. Figure 2.1 below shows the icon of
android.
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Figure 2.1 : Icon android
2.2.2 MIT App Inventor
There are few software that can create an application for android
platform with diference type of code language such as Basic4Android and MIT
App Inventor. The Basic4Android software used Visual basic language while
the MIT used Block language. App Inventor is an incredible new system from
Google that allows Android applications to be designed and programmed with
a web page and Java interface. In this project, MIT App Inventor will be used
to make the interface between the device and the android phone. This software
has two section which is the Designer (Program the action of the application
perform) and the Block Editor (The Program is take place or in other word the
code program itself). The result of this is that it will display a simple graphica l
interface that can be easily read and understand when creating a basic, fully
functional app. Figure 2.2 below shows the MIT App inventor icon.
Figure 2.2 : MIT App Inventor Icon
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2.2.3 Arduino Software IDE
The Arduino Integrated Development Environment (IDE) as shown in
figure 2.3 is Java Program that is derives from the Wiring projects and the IDE
for the Processing programming language. Its contains a text editor for writing
code, a message area, a text console, a toolbar with buttons for common
functions and series of menus. It includes a code editor with features such as
syntax highlighting, brace matching and uploading programs to the board with
a single click. A program or code written for Arduino is called a “sketch”. (Dey
et al. 2015).
Figure 2.3 : Arduino software IDE
2.2.4 Proteus
Proteus as shown in figure 2.4 is a software design that allow the user
to design and analyze the stimulation of a circuit. This software ease the
progress of the circuit development because it can avoid any error that can
cause any component replacement compare with using hardware analysis. This
is because it will enable the user to analyze the circuit operation and
measurement along with the intention on designing the desire circuit before
moving on to constructing the hardware. With this, it will enable the user to
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not only precise the hardware circuit contruction, but also experiment with the
components that are available before choosing the suitable component for this
project.
Figure 2.4: Proteus software
2.3 Hardware part
2.3.1 Bluetooth
Bluetooth is a low cost, low power, short- range radio technologies
intended to replaced the cable connections between hand phones, PDA and
other portable devices .Khurana (2015) stated that the circuit will less complex
when the Bluetooth application eliminates usage of transmitter and receivers
antenna of hardaware. Bluetooth is a wireless communications protocol
running at 2.4 GHz, with client server architecture, suitable for forming
personal area networks. Bluetooth is an extremely integral feature designed for
low power devices. Bluetooth is the only appropriate communications protocol
that has no fear of getting the frequency interferences because it uses the MAC
adress (Media acess control adress) of the device. The usage of MAC adress
that allows the Bluetooth for the connectivity between two devices. (Dey et al.
2015)