unit5

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Ⅰ. Objectives

Ⅱ. Suggested Teaching Plan

Ⅲ. Background Information

Ⅳ. Class Presentation

Preview

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Preview

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Very often old stories teach us various lessons when we read them. This unit contains some stories that have something to do with fortune. In the Listening and Speaking section, you will pick up the language for making requests and learn how to do it. In the Reading and Writing Section, Text A tells us how a father helps his sons to make their fortune after his death; Text B tells about the bad end of a greedy person; Text C is a little story about the wisdom of Nasrudin, who always helps the poor out of their miseries.

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Ⅰ. Objectives

After studying this unit, the students are expected to be able to

1. master the basic language and skills necessary to make requests;

2. understand the main ideas of Texts A, B and C, and master the useful

sentence structures, words and expressions found in the relevant

exercises of the first two texts;

3. grasp five basic English sentence patterns;

4. know how to write a greeting card in English;

5. understand the signal words used to express causes and results(3).

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Ⅱ. Suggested Teaching Plan

Suggested Time and Teaching Plan for Unit 5

C.

2 periods Preview The teacher explains the Preview to make sure that the students have some idea of what the present unit is all about. After that, the teacher activates the Listening and Speaking exercises as follows:

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Time Plan Contents

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1) The Language for Making Requests

As a lead in activity, ask one student if he or she has a particular request to make at this moment;

A.

B. Before listening, make sure that students understand that one request can be made in different forms of language;

Listen to Exercise 1(1-3 times) and fill in the blanks with the missing words;

C.

D. Ask students one by one to repeat the requests and reply to them using the correct responses listed in Exercise 2.

Listening and

Speaking

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Listen to the dialogue twice and fill in the blanks with the missing words;

B.

D. Look for the language used to make requests and study it for a better understanding;

2) Making Requests

C.

Ask five indirect questions about the 1st dialogue to solicit both direct questions from the class and their corresponding answers, according to the dialogue;

A. Go through the new words in the 1st dialogue in Exercise 3;

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Role play the dialogue; E.

F. Either do the same with the 2nd dialogue or be flexible with it;

G.

Ask students to write a dialogue with a partner using the structures given in Exercise 4, with one beginning with Part A and the other playing the role of Part B. After that encourage them, using the language they picked up in Exercise 1, to practice the dialogue in class by stating a problem and making a request.

Time Plan Contents

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3) Listening Practice

Before ending the class, the teacher tells the students how to do Exercises 5-10 as their assignment. The teacher also tells the students that they should be prepared to answer the questions in Exercise 9 and give an oral presentation when they next come to class.

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3 periods Review of the listening and speaking skills the students have learned.

The teacher begins the assignment mainly to review the functional and notional language the students acquired in the previous unit. The teacher asks some students to answer the questions in Exercise 9 of the Listening and Speaking section and invites those who didn’t practice the dialogue during the previous periods to do role plays in class. Then, the teacher turns to the Reading and Writing section. (These activities should be completed within 20 minutes.)

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After a brief explanation of the instructions, the teacher

1) StarterText A & text-related exercises

A. organizes group discussion among the students about “What is wealth?” and

“What would a dying man leave to his children?”(10 minutes)

B. asks each group to report their answers to the two questions. (15 minutes)

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A. lets the students answer the text related questions, helps them identify the main idea of each paragraph and analyzes some difficult sentences and language points while discussing the whole text with the students. (one and a half periods)

B. guides the students through the exercises, focusing on certain items or leaving some exercises as the students homework, according to the students’ different levels of English. (one period)

Time Plan Contents

2) Text A

The teacher

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1 period Grammar Review

Practical Writing

1) Grammar Review

The teacher explains the five basic English Sentence Patterns and asks the students to do the grammar exercises in class.

2) Practical Writing

The teacher tells as well as shows the students how to write a greeting card in English by doing Exercise 11 of Practical Writing, and then requires the students to complete the form in Exercise 12 with his/her help.

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Text B, Text C & text-related exercises

1) Text B

While discussing the text with the students, the teacher calls on the students to identify the signal words in the text and to do Exercise 13. The other exercises can be done either in or after class.

2 period

2) Text C

This text should either be read by the students themselves as their homework or done as fast-reading in class, depending on the time left.

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Basic Reading Skills

3) Basic Reading Skills

The teacher tells the students how to identify signal words used to express causes and results in an English article, and asks them to do Exercise 17 in Basic Reading Skills.

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Ⅲ. Background Information

The Treasure in the Orchard

Fable

Aesop

Phoenix

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This story is taken from Aesop’s Fables: The Hare and the Tortoise and Other Stories.

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Fable

A fable is a short story or folk tale with a moral at the end. It often, but not necessarily, makes metaphorical use of an animal as its central character. In some cases usage of the term has been extended to include stories with mythical or legendary elements. An author of fables is a fabulist. The word fabulous strictly means pertaining to fables, although in recent decades its metaphorical meanings have been taken literally.

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Aesop

Aesop (from the Greek Aisopos), famous for his Fables, is supposed to have lived from about 620 to 560 B.C. Aesop’s fables are still taught as moral lessons and used as subjects for various entertainments, especially children’s plays and cartoons. Other fables by Aesop include: “The Lion and the Mouse”, “The Ant and the Grasshopper”, “The Fox and the Goat”, “The Fox and the Crane (or Crow) ”, “The Fox and the Grapes”, “The Dog and the Bone”, “The Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing”, “The Boy who Cried Wolf”, “The Hen (or Goose) that Laid the Golden Eggs”, “The Town Mouse and the Country Mouse”, “The North Wind and the Sun”, “The Ass in the Lion’s Skin”, “The Lion and the Mouse”, and “The Old Man and Death”. BACKBACK

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Phoenix

The phoenix is a legendary Arabian bird said to periodically burn itself to death and emerge from the ashes as a new phoenix; according to most versions only one phoenix lived at a time and it renewed itself every 500 years.

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Ⅳ. Class Presentation

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Listening & Speaking

Reading & Writing

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The Language for Making Requests

Making Requests

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Listening Practice

Listening & Speaking

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You are going to listen to an instructor talking about making requests. Listen carefully and fill in the blanks with the missing words.

1.

turn down the TV

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The Language for Making Requests

Instructor: In our daily life, we need to make requests( 要求 ). In other words, we need to ask somebody to ___________ . We can make polite, hesitant( 犹豫的 ), formal( 正式的 ), and direct requests. How to make a request depends on whom _____________. You can use the following correct language in different situations:

1. Could you ______________ a little, please? (polite)

2. Would you _____________, please? (polite)

3. Do you think you could _____________? (polite)

do something

you are talking

clean the room

turn on the light

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2. Now you can make requests using the structures you have just picked up in Exercise 1. Practice with a partner and use the appropriate responses given below.

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4. Would you mind ________________________? (polite)

5. I wonder if you could possibly ____________________.(hesitant)

6. Can you ____________? (direct)

7. Will you _______________________? (direct)

8. Do me a favor and _______________, will you? (direct)

giving me his E-mail address

shut off ( 关掉 ) the radio

take it away

throw these old things away

open the window

1. OK.2. Sure. No problem. 3. Yes, of course. 4. I’d be glad to.5. All right. 6. Never mind.

1. I’m sorry. But…2. Oh, but…3. Well, but…

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Making Requests3.

1) Before you listen to the first conversation, read the following words which may be new to you.

do ［用于加强语气］确实 dorm 宿舍

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Listen to the conversation twice and fill in the blanks with the missing words.

Li Ming: Excuse me.

Wang Ying: Yes?

Li Ming: I was wondering __________ lend me your dictionary—

I’m _________________.

Wang Ying: I’m sorry. I’m using it _________. Maybe later.

Li Ming: Oh, that’s OK. Thanks anyway.

Wang Ying: ____________ you could get one at the bookstore?

Li Ming: Oh, I do have one. But I _______ in the dorm.

Wang Ying: I see.

doing my homework

right now

Do you think

left it

if you could

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Now listen to the conversation again and answer the following questions.

1. Where could Wang Ying and Li Ming be ?They could be in the library or in the classroom.

2. What did Li Ming ask Wang Ying to do? He asked her if she could lend him her dictionary.

3. What did Wang Ying do with the request? She turned it down.

4. What did Wang Ying ask Li Ming to do? She asked him to get a copy at the bookstore.

5. Did Li Ming do it at Wang Ying’s request? Why or why not? No. Because he did have a dictionary, but left it in the dorm.

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2) Before you listen to the second conversation, read the following words which may be new to you.

stereo 立体声 apartment 公寓

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Listen to the conversation twice and fill in the blanks with the missing words.

Tom Chang: (Li Ming opens the door.) Hi. I’m your new neighbor, Tom Chang. _____________.Li Ming: Oh, hi. I’m Li Ming. __________________? Tom Chang: Yes. Last week. Li Ming: ___________________?Tom Chang: Not right now. But thanks anyway. Li Ming: Uh, any problems? Tom Chang: Well, _________________________________? The walls are really thin, so the sound goes through to my apartment. _____________________.Li Ming: Oh, I’m sorry. I didn’t know that. _______________. Tom Chang: I appreciate that.Li Ming: Sure.

I live next doorSo, you just moved in

Do you need anything

would you mind turning your stereo down

It’s so loud I can’t stand itI’ll do it right now

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Now listen to the conversation again and answer the following questions.

1. Where is Tom Chang living now?He’s living next door to Li Ming.

2. What is Li Ming doing now? He’s playing loud music.

3. Why is Tom Chang having a word with Li Ming? Because the noise is so loud he can’t stand it.

4. What is Li Ming going to do right now? He’s going to turn his stereo down.

5. Do you think Tom made a polite request? And why? Yes, because he used the polite language.

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Write a dialogue with your partner like the ones in Exercise 3. Begin with Part A and let your partner play the role of Part B. After that, practice the dialogue in class, stating a problem and making a request using the language you learned in Exercise 1.

4.

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Listening Practice

Listen to people speaking and decide what they are talking about.

1. M : Look at the view!W: Beautiful ! There’s nothing like Shanghai at night.

5.

A) A park.

B) A view( 景色 ).

D) A window.

C) A country.

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2. W: So, what was the best thing about your trip?M : Oh, that’s difficult to say.

A) A word.

B) A problem.

C) A trip.

D) Difficulties.

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3. W: And what’s the weather like in Beijing?M: Well, it’s cold in the winter, and hot in the summer.

A) Weather.

B) Snow.

C) Vacation.

D) Hometown.

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4. W: Hey! Are these pictures of you when you were a child?M : Yeah. That’s me.

A) Children.

B) Education .

C) School.

D) Pictures.

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5.M : The neighborhood sure has changed!W: What was this place like before?

A) Noise.

C) Neighborhood( 居住区 ).

B) Neighbors.

D) Campus( 校园 ).

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1. Excuse me, but could I ask you a question?

A) Take it easy.

B) Turn it down.

C) Oh, which one?

D) Sure. What is it?

script

Listen to five questions and choose the appropriate answers.6.

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Would that be all right?

C) That’s right.

A) Oh great.

B) Of course.

D) What’s that?

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3.Is this seat taken?

C) No, help yourself.

B) Yes, it does.

D) Sorry, I didn’t know.

A) I’d love to.

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4. Are you sure you’ll be okay?

A) Yeah, I’m sure.

B) Oh, that’s OK.

C) Maybe, I’ll.

D) Sure do.

script

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5. How is everything?

B) That’s what I want to say.

C) I agree with you.

D) That’s for sure.

A) Everything seems to be going fine.

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1. M : O.K. Janet, can you take care of things here? I should only be gone a few minutes.W: Sure, no problem. I’ll see you later. Q : What’s the relationship between the two speakers?

A) A customer and a waitress.

B) A boss and a secretary( 秘书 ).

C) A librarian and a student.

D) A teacher and a student.

script

Listen to five short dialogues and choose the appropriate answers. 7.

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2. M : Hi. Can I help you?W: Yes, please. Could I have something for a cough? I think I’m getting a cold.Q : What does the woman need?

A) Milk.

B) Sugar.

C) Medicine.

D) Humor.

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3. M : Excuse me. Could you tell me where the post office is?W: Right behind you. See that sign?Q : Where is the post office?

script

A) Next to the sign.

B) Behind the sign.

C) Behind the man.

D) In front of the man.

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4. W: Michael, pick up your things. They’re all over the floor.M : In a minute, Mom. I’m on the phone.Q : What’s Michael doing now?

script

A) He’s asking somebody to do something.

B) He’s talking with his mother.

C) He’s picking up his things.

D) He’s talking on the phone.

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5. W: Tom! It’s too loud. I can’t study.M : Sorry about that. I’ll turn it down.Q : What’s the woman’s problem?

script

A) Sleep.

B) Study.

C) Noise.

D) Heat( 热 ).

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In almost all cultures around the world throughout history, gold has been valued and sought as a precious( 珍贵的 ) metal( 金属 ) and a commodity( 商品 ). _________ a symbol( 象征 ) of power, wealth( 财富 ) and success. One of the most exciting events in Californian( 美国加州的 ) history occurred on January 24, 1848. John Sutter had a huge land grant( 授予物 ) at the junction( 汇合处 ) of the American and Sacramento Rivers. He hired James Marshall to build a sawmill( 锯木厂 )________ the Indians called Coloma. On that cold January morning, Marshall ______________ shining up from the millrace( 推动水车的水流 ). He picked up ____________. Were these small nuggets( 小块 ) really gold? He tested one by smashing it . It flattened( 变平 ) but

It has been

at a placefound something

several pieces

Listen to the following short talk and fill in the blanks with the missing words. The talk is given twice.

8.

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didn’t break. The woman who cooked for the construction( 建造 ) people ____________ in a pot( 罐 ) of lye( 碱液 ). It was gold! With this chance discovery of a few, small gold nuggets on the American River, _________ _______ in California. Sutter had hoped to keep the news of ____________ quiet while completing his construction. But there was no controlling gold fever( 发烧 )! People flocked( 拥向 ) to California’s gold. ______ the California Gold Rush.

(184 words)

tested another everythingchanged this discovery

This is

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Listen to the talk again and then answer the following questions orally.

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1. What is gold?

It’s a precious metal and a commodity.

2. What happened in California in 1848?

James Marshall found something shining up from the millrace.

9.

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3. How did Marshall know what he had found was gold?

He tested one by smashing it between two rocks. It flattened and didn’t break.

4. What did Sutter hope to do when Marshall had found gold?

He hoped to keep the news of this discovery quiet while completing his construction.

5. What happened after the chance discovery of gold?

People flocked to California’s gold.

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How to make a polite request?

Move around the classroom, making three requests of each person. Try to use a variety of expressions. Then discuss a free talk on the topic given below.

10.

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Reading & Writing

Text A

Text B

Text C

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The Golden Carambola Tree

A Dinner of Smells

Text A Exercises

Text B Exercises

Comprehension of the Text C


Grammar Review

Practical Writing

Sentence Pattern

Greeting Cards

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Starter

What is wealth and what kind of wealth do dying people hope to leave their children? With your classmates, discuss the best replies to these two statements.

Text A

Wealth is:

1.

2.

3.

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Text A

Dying people hope to leave their children:

1.

2.

3.

Now read the following passage and find out what treasure the gardener left in the orchard for his children.

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Text A

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The Treasure in the Orchard Author Unknown

1 An old gardener who was dying sent for his two sons to come to his bedside, as he wished to speak to them. When they came in answer to his request, the old man, raising himself on his pillows, pointed through the window towards his orchard. 2 “You see that orchard?” said he. 3 “Yes, Father, we see the orchard.” 4 “For years it has given the best of fruit — golden oranges, red apples, and cherries bigger and brighter than rubies!” 5 “To be sure, Father. It has always been a good orchard!”

N

N

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treasure //: n. (stone of) gold, silver, jewels, etc. 金银财宝；财富

e.g.

hidden treasure 秘藏的财宝

buried treasure 埋藏的财宝 look for treasure 寻找宝藏

dig up treasure 挖掘宝藏

Title of Text A

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Questions About This Paragraph

1) How did the gardener feel about his orchard?

He was very proud of his orchard.

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Chinese Version

果园里的财宝佚名一个老园丁快死了，叫人把两个儿子叫到床边来，因为他想要对他们说话。两个儿子应他的要求来了，老人坐直身子靠在枕头上，指向窗外的果园。 “ 你们看到果园了吗？”他说。 “ 是的，父亲，我们看到果园了。” “ 多年来，它一直生产最好的水果——金黄的橘子、红艳艳的苹果和比红宝石还要大还要晶莹鲜亮的樱桃！” “ 的确是这样，父亲。它一直是个好果园！”

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Notes on the Text

When they came in answer to his request, the old man, raising himself on his pillows, pointed through the window towards his orchard.

两个儿子应他的要求来了，老人坐直身子靠在枕头上，指向窗外的果园。

动词 raise 的现在分词 raising 修饰句中谓语动词 pointed ，表示伴随该动作发生的状态。

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Notes on the Text

For years it has given the best of fruit — golden oranges, red apples, and cherries bigger and brighter than rubies!

多年来，它一直出产最好的水果——黄澄澄的橘子，红艳艳的苹果，还有比红宝石还要大还要晶莹鲜亮的樱桃！

状语 for years 前置，起强调作用。破折号后面的部分是 fruit 的同位语。

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Language Points Language Points

send for: send sb. to fetch 派人去请，派人去叫，派人去拿

e.g.

The child is running a high fever. We must send for a doctor at once.

孩子在发高烧。我们必须马上去请医生来。

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… as he wished to speak to them.

as 引导原因状语从句时，从句放在主句前后皆可。

e.g.

As it was getting late, I decided to stop at a hotel.

因为天色渐晚，我决定停下来住旅馆。

You can go first as you’re the oldest.

您先请，因为您年纪最大。

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in answer to: as an answer to 作为对∙∙∙的回答（或响应 )

e.g.

I’m writing in answer to your letter of October 6th.

我现在写信答复您 10 月 6 日的来信。

She nodded in answer to his question.

对他提出的问题，她点头作答。

The doctor came at once in answer to my phone call.

医生一接到我的电话立刻就来了。

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request //: n. an act of asking for sth. , esp. politely 要求 ; 请求

e.g.

a special request 特殊要求

a polite request 礼貌的请求

a written request 书面请求

I’ve put in / made a request for a room with a view of the sea.

我已经提出请求，要一个临海的房间。

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… raising himself on his pillows…:

…… 坐直身子靠在枕头上……

现在分词短语修饰句中谓语动词 pointed ，表示伴随该动作发生的状态。

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golden //: a. like gold in color or value 金的，金制的；金色的；

像黄金一样贵重的

e.g.

golden hair 金发 a golden opportunity 良机

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to be sure: having no doubt; of course; one must admit that

毫无疑问 ; 当然；必须承认

e.g.

To be sure this job will require a lot of hard work.

做这项工作肯定要非常努力。

To be sure it’s a long walk to the shops, but you’re young and strong.

去那些商店是要走很远的路，可你年富力强。

This is not his best book, to be sure, but it is still worth reading.

这确实不是他最好的书，但仍值得一读。

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orchard //: n. piece of land in which fruit trees are grown

果园

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gardener //: n. person who works in a garden, either for pay or as a

hobby 园丁；园艺家

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pillow //: n. 枕头

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cherry //: n. 樱桃；樱桃树

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ruby //: n. 红宝石

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Text A

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6 The old gardener nodded his head, time and time again. He looked at his hands — they were worn from the spade that he had used all his life. Then he looked at the hands of his sons and saw that their nails were polished and their fingers as white as those of any fine lady’s. 7 “You have never done a day’s work in your lives, you two!” said he. “I doubt if you ever will! But I have hidden a treasure in my orchard for you to find. You will never possess it unless you dig it up. It lies midway between two of the trees, not too near, yet not too far from the trunks. It is yours for the trouble of digging — that is all!”

CH

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Questions About These Paragraphs

2) What were the differences between the father’s and the sons’ hands?

The father’s hands were worn but the sons were white and fine.

3) How often did the sons do work before the gardener died?

They had never done a day’s work.

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Chinese Version

老园丁一次又一次地点头。他看看自己的双手——用了一辈子的铲子把他的手都磨出了老茧。然后又看看儿子们的手，只见他们的指甲都修得光光的，他们的手指像闲雅女士的手指一样白皙。 “ 你们一生从没有干过一天活，你们俩！”他说。“我怀疑你们以后会不会干活！但我已经在果园里藏了一笔金银财宝让你们去找。除非你们把它挖出来，否则你们永远也不会拥有它。它就放在两棵树的中间，距离树干既不太近，也不太远。只要花力气去挖它就是你们的——就这些！”

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nod //: v. move (one’s head) up and down as a greeting or to show

agreement, etc. 点 ( 头 )( 表示同意 ,打招呼等 )

e.g.

She could not speak but just nodded her head.

她说不出话，只是点了点头。

She nodded (her head) without saying anything.

她点了点头，什么话也没说。

They nodded at us, so we nodded back.

他们朝我们点点头，我们也点头示意。

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time and time again: many times; repeatedly 多次；一再，反复地

e.g.

I’ve told you time and time again — make sure you look before you

cross the road.

我已经再三告诉过你们 , 过马路前一定要先向左右看一看。

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spade //: n. tool for digging with a wooden handle and a broad metal blade 锹，铲

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all one’s life: for the whole of one’s life 一辈子，毕生

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nail //: n. 指甲；钉子

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polish //: vt. cause the surface of (sth.) to be smooth and shiny by

rubbing 擦光；擦亮

e.g.

polish my shoes 擦我的鞋

polish the furniture 打磨家具 polished wood 抛光的木料

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… as white as those of any fine lady’s.

…… 像闲雅女士的手指一样白皙。

在 as… as 结构中，第一个 as 是副词，而第二个 as 可以是连词或介词。

e.g.

He tries as hard as I do to save money.

他像我一样拼命省钱。

petals as pale as pearls

淡雅如珍珠的花瓣

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you two: “you” 后面可跟一个复数名词或数字。

e.g.

It’s time you kids got some sleep.

孩子们，该睡会儿觉了。

Are you two ready ？你们俩准备好了吗？

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hide //: (hid / /, hidden //) vt. put or keep out of sight

把∙∙∙藏起来，隐藏

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possess /z/: vt. have (sth.) as one’s belonging; own 占有，拥有

e.g.

She gave everything she possessed to the poor.

她把她拥有的一切都给了穷人。

He possesses several Picassos.

他拥有好几幅毕加索的画。

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dig //: (dug //) vt. (use a tool such as a spade to) turn over (land)

in (a place) 掘，挖

dig up: remove (sth.) from the ground by digging 掘起 ; 挖掘出

e.g.

The police have been digging up his back garden.

警察把他家的后花园挖了个底朝天。

They’ve dug up a hidden treasure.

他们挖出了秘藏的财宝。

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midway //: ad. in the middle; halfway 当中；中间；半途

e.g.

The city is midway between Beijing and Shijiazhuang.

这座城市位于北京和石家庄之间。

He became ill midway through the holiday.

假期过半时他病了。

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trunk //: n. main stem of a tree, from which the branches grow 树干

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8 Then he sent them away, and soon afterwards he died. So the orchard became the property of his sons, and without any delay, they set to work to dig for the treasure that had been promised them.

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Chinese Version

然后他就打发他们走了，之后不久他就死了。于是，果园就成了他两个儿子的财产。他们毫不迟延，立即开始工作，挖找已经答应给他们的财宝。

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Notes on the Text

… without any delay, they set to work to dig for the treasure that had been promised them. …… 他们毫不迟延，立即开始工作，挖掘、寻找已经答应给他们的财宝。 set to work(开始工作 ) 中的 work 是名词，不是动词； set to 后不可以直接跟动词，只可以跟动名词。 promise 后应跟双宾语，即 promise sb. sth. 。在 that 引导的这句定语从句里， sb. 是 them, sth.则是定语从句的先行词 treasure 。

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send away: cause (sb.) to leave 使离去，把∙∙∙打发走

e.g.

I sent away a stranger who knocked at my door.

我打发走一个敲门的陌生人。

Send him away!

让他走开！

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afterwards //: ad. at a later time 以后 , 过后，后来

e.g.

We went for a walk, and afterward(s) we ate lunch.

我们去散了散步，然后吃午饭。

She felt fine before dinner but was ill afterwards.

吃饭前她感觉挺好，但后来就病了。

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property //: n. thing or things that sb. owns 财产，资产 ; 所有物

e.g.

a lost property office 失物招领所

a man of property 有产者

That book is my property. 那本书是我的。

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delay //: n. 延迟；拖延；耽搁

e.g.

unnecessary delay

不必要的延误

We are very sorry for the delay in replying to your letter.

没能及时回信，我们深表歉意。

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without any delay: at once, immediately 立刻 , 即刻

e.g.

Please send him the letter without any delay.

请不要拖延，马上把信寄给他。

They arrived to repair the machine without any delay.

他们即刻赶来修理机器。

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Language Points

set to work: begin working hard 大干起来 , 开始努力工作注意： set to work 中的 work 是名词，不是动词。 set to work 后可以接动词不定式，但 set to 后面不可以接动词不定式，只可以接动名词。

set to: begin doing sth. in an eager or a determined way 开始起劲地做某事

e.g.

They set to work as soon as they arrived.

他们一到就大干起来。

We must set to work on that job as soon as possible.

我们必须尽快开始做那份工作。

He set to work to clean the room. /He set to cleaning the room.

他开始打扫房间。

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… the treasure that had been promised them… promise 后往往跟双宾语，即 promise sb. sth. 。在 that 引导的这句定语从句里， sb. 是 them, sth.则是定语从句的先行词 treasure 。

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9 Well, they dug and dug, day after day, week after week, going down the long alleys of fruit trees, never too near yet never too far from the trunks. They dug up all the weeds and picked out all the stones, not because they liked weeding and cleaning, but because it was all part of the hunt for the buried treasure. Winter passed and spring came, and never were there such blossoms as those which hung the orange and apple and cherry trees with curtains of petals pale as pearls and soft as silk. Then summer threw sunshine over the orchard, and sometimes the clouds bathed it in cool, delicious rain. At last the time of the fruit harvest came. But the two brothers had not yet found the treasure that was hidden among the roots of the trees.

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Notes on the Text

They dug up all the weeds and picked out all the stones, not because they liked weeding and cleaning, but because it was all part of the hunt for the buried treasure.

他们锄去所有的杂草，拣出所有的石块；不是因为他们喜欢除草和清理石块，而是因为这是寻找埋藏的财宝必须做的事情。

这句中的 it 指代weeding and cleaning 这件事。

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Notes on the Text

Winter passed and spring came, and never were there such blossoms as those which hung the orange and apple and cherry trees with curtains of petals pale as pearls and soft as silk.

冬去春来，橘子树上、苹果树上和樱桃树上开出了花，花瓣淡雅如珍珠，柔软如丝绸，像窗帘般挂在树上，那花朵从来没有这样盛开过。

否定词 never提前，起强调作用，句子中的主谓结构 there were 要倒装。

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Questions About This Paragraph

4) Why did the sons dig so hard?

Because they wanted to find the hidden treasure.

5) What treasure did they find after a year’s hard digging?

They found nothing.

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Chinese Version

他们挖呀，挖呀，一天又一天地挖，一周又一周地挖。沿着果树间长长的小径向前挖，距离树干既不太近也不太远。他们掘起所有的野草，拣出所有的石块；不是因为他们喜欢除草和清理石块，而是因为这是寻找埋藏的财宝必须做的事情。冬去春来，橘子树上、苹果树上和樱桃树上开出了花，花瓣淡雅如珍珠，柔软如丝绸，像窗帘一般挂在树上，那花从来没有这样盛开过。随后夏天把阳光洒满果园，有时阴云又使果园沐浴在清凉可口的雨水中。终于，水果收获的季节到了，但两兄弟还没有找到藏在树根之间的财宝。

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day after day: continuously; for many days 日复一日，一天又一天

similar expressions:

week after week, month after month, year after year

e.g.

The same problem seemed to come up day after day.

似乎每天都发生同样的问题。

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alley //: n. path bordered by trees in a garden （花园中两边有树的）小径

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pick out: remove by picking 拣出

e.g.

pick out the bad potatoes from the basket

把烂土豆从篮子里拣出来

pick out the mistakes in the paragraph

挑出这段中的错误

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weed //: n. wild plant that is not wanted in a garden, field, etc. 野草，杂草注意：接下来一句中的 weeding 一词是动词 weed (除草 ) 的动名词形式。

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hunt //: 1. v. follow after, catch and sometimes kill (wild animals); search carefully (for); try to find 追猎，猎取；打猎；寻找；搜寻 2. n. a search, esp. one that is long and difficult 打猎搜索 ; 追寻

e.g.

begin a hunt for the missing child

开始搜寻失踪的孩子

the hunt for the lost property

搜寻丢失的财物

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bury //: vt. put (a dead person) in a grave; hide (sth.) in the earth 埋葬；掩埋；埋藏

e.g.

The boys buried the dead bird in the backyard.

男孩子们把死鸟埋在后院。

She buried the secret deep inside herself.

她把秘密深埋在心里。

The waste is buried deep underground.

废物埋在地下深处。

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never were there…: 英语中有否定意义的词 , 如 never, seldom, little, not until等放在句首时，句子的主谓结构要倒装。

e.g.

Never did he speak about his own achievements. 他从不讲自己的成绩。

Seldom has a speaker been so well received. 从没有哪位演说者如此受欢迎。

Little did I think that we were talking for the last time.

我没想到我们的这次谈话竟成诀别。

Not until all the demands had been turned down did the workers decide to

go on strike. 直到所有的要求遭到拒绝之后，工人们才决定罢工。

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blossom //: n. flower, esp. of a fruit tree

(尤指果树的 )花； ( 一棵树上开出的 )全部花朵

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hang //: ( hung // ) v. 悬挂，吊

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curtain //: n. 帘；窗帘；门帘；（舞台上的）幕，帷幕；帘状物；幕状物

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petal //: n. 花瓣

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pale //: a. (of a person, his face, etc.) having little color; (of a color) not bright or vivid ( 指人、面色等 ) 苍白的，灰白的； ( 指颜色 ) 浅的，淡的

e.g.

look pale（脸色）看起来苍白

turn pale（脸色）变白

She went pale at the news.

听到这个消息，她一下变得面无人色。

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pearl //: n. 珍珠

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silk //: n. 丝；丝绸

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sunshine //: n. light and heat of the sun 日光，阳光

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bathe //: vt. 给∙∙∙洗澡；使沐浴

e.g.

bathe the baby in warm water

用热水给宝宝洗澡

The green fields were bathed in a bright sunlight.

绿色的田野沐浴在灿烂的阳光中。

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delicious //: a. having a very pleasant taste; very pleasant (when tasted, smelled, etc.) 美味的，可口的；芬芳的；怡人的 e.g.

look/smell/taste delicious

看起来诱人 / 闻起来香 / 尝起来可口

That dish was simply delicious.

那道菜真好吃。

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harvest //: n. cutting and gathering of grain and other food crops; (amount of the) crop obtained 收割；收获；收成 e.g.

a good/rich/large harvest 丰收

a bad/poor harvest 歉收

Thanksgiving is a holiday when people in the USA thank God for the

annual harvest.

感恩节是美国人感谢上帝每年赐予他们收获的节日。

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root //: n. part of a plant that is under the ground; the real cause, reason for sth. （植物的）根；根部；根源；根由，原因

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10 Then they sent for a merchant from the nearest town to buy the fruit. It hung in great bunches, golden oranges, red apples, and cherries bigger and brighter than rubies. The merchant looked at them in open admiration. 11 “This is the finest crop I have yet seen,” said he. “I will give you twenty bags of money for it!” 12 Twenty bags of money were more than the two brothers had ever owned in their life. They struck the bargain in great delight and took the money bags into the house, while the merchant made arrangements to carry away the fruit. 13 “I will come again next year,” said he. “I am always glad to buy crop like this. How you must have dug and weeded and worked to get it!” N

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Notes on the Text

How you must have dug and weeded and worked to get it!

你们肯定花了大力气挖地、除草、干活才种出这样的水果吧！

这是一句感叹句。句中的结构must have done 是情态动词的一种用法，表示逻辑上的必然性 , 即按照某些现象推断过去肯定发生过的某事。

e.g.

It’s already ten o’clock. They must have arrived there by now.

已经 10 点钟了，他们现在肯定已经到那里了。

I must have dropped my keys when I got out of the car.

我一定是下车时弄丢了钥匙。

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6) What did they get from one year’s hard work?

They got a good harvest.

7) How did they feel when the merchant gave them twenty bags of money?

They were very happy.

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Chinese Version

后来他们派人从最近的镇上叫来了一个商人来购买这些水果。金黄色的橘子，红艳艳的苹果和比红宝石还要大、还要晶莹鲜亮的樱桃一大串一大串地挂在果树上。那商人看着那些水果毫不掩饰地大加赞赏。 “ 这是我见过的最好的收成，”他说。“我愿意给你们 20袋钱买下它！” 20袋钱比两兄弟一辈子有过的钱还要多。他们非常高兴地达成协议成交，拿着钱袋进了屋，而那位商人则安排把水果运走。 “ 我明年还来，”他说。“我总是高兴买这样的水果的。你们肯定花了大力气刨地、除草、干活才种出这样的水果吧！”

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merchant //: n. trader 商人

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bunch //: n. number of things (usu. of the same kind) growing, fastened or grouped together 束；串；扎；捆

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open: a. without secrets, honest; frank 不加掩饰的，坦率的

e.g.

Their love affair is an open secret.

他们的恋爱是公开的秘密。

He was quite open with me.

他对我很坦率。

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admiration //: n. feeling of respect, warm approval or pleasure 钦佩；赞赏；羡慕

in admiration: 钦佩地；羡慕地

e.g.

We looked on in admiration as she showed us how to skate.

我们钦佩地看着她给我们演示如何滑冰。

介词 in 常常和表示感情的名词连用，表示“以…感情地”，如： in surprise 惊讶地，in disbelief 不相信地， in delight 开心地。

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This is the finest crop I have yet seen.

这是我见过的最好的收成。yet 用于形容词最高级后面，表示“到现在为止”。

e.g.

It’s my best effort yet.

这是我迄今付出的最大努力。

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more than: to a greater amount or degree than 比∙∙∙多（大 /高）

e.g.

The noise is more than I could bear.

吵闹声太大，我受不了。

$300 for that shirt that’s more than I thought!

那件衬衣要 300美元——比我想的贵多了。

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bargain //: n. agreement (to buy, sell, exchange, etc.), usu. made after some discussion; thing bought or sold cheaply （买卖等双方的）协议；交易；便宜货

e.g.

strike/make a bargain 成交

A bargain was struck between the two sides. 双方成交。

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delight //: n. great pleasure; joy 快乐；高兴

e.g.

We danced around with/in delight.

我们开心地跳舞。

To my great delight, they phoned and offered me the job.

令我极为高兴的是，他们打电话通知决定录用我。

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arrangement //: n.安排

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carry away: take away 拿走，搬走，运走

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14 He went away, and the brothers sat eyeing each other over the tops of the money bags. Their hands were rough and toil worn, just as the old gardener’s had been when he died. 15 “Golden oranges and red apples and cherries bigger and brighter than rubies,” said one of them, softly. “I believe that this is the treasure we have been digging for all year, the very treasure our father meant!”

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Notes on the Text

He went away, and the brothers sat eyeing each other over the tops of the money bags.

商人走了。两兄弟坐在那儿，目光越过钱袋顶看着对方。

eye 用作动词，表示“看、注视”。

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Notes on the Text

I believe that this is the treasure we have been digging for all year, the very treasure our father meant!

我想这就是我们整整一年来一直在挖掘、寻找的财宝，也正是我们父亲所指的财宝。

句中 very 是形容词，意思是“同一的、正是的”。又如 :

This is the very book I want! 这正是我想要的书。

You’re the very person we need for the job. 你正是我们这份工作所需要的人。

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8) Were they angry not to find any treasure in the orchard?

No, they were not.

9) What did they learn about the treasure in the end?

They learned that the real treasure was what they got from their own work.

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Chinese Version

商人走了。两兄弟坐在那儿，目光越过钱袋顶看着对方。他们的双手变得粗糙，磨出了老茧，正像老园丁临死时的手那样。 “ 金黄色的橘子，红艳艳的苹果和比红宝石还要大、还要晶莹鲜亮的樱桃，”一个兄弟轻声地说。“我想这就是我们整整一年来一直挖找的财宝，也就是我们父亲所指的财宝。”

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rough //: a. having an uneven surface; not smooth ( 表面 ) 不平滑的；粗糙的 , 不平的

e.g.

The skin on his hands was quite rough.

他手上的皮肤相当粗糙。

反义词： smooth 光滑的

e.g.

You can make this rough piece of wood smooth with a tool.

你能用工具把这块粗糙的木头磨光。

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toil-worn / /: a. worn or worn out by toil 劳累的；疲惫不堪的

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the very treasure: 这个短语是句中 the treasure 的同位语。 the very person or thing 意思是“正是提到的那个或那种（人或物）”。

e.g.

She seems to be the very person we need for the work.

她似乎正是我们需要来干这项工作的人。

“Is this the pen you wanted?” “It’s the very one; thanks.”

“这是你要的笔吗？”“正是这种笔，谢谢。”

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Text A Exercises

Reading Aloud

Understanding the Text

Reading Analysis

Vocabulary

Structure

Translation

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Read the following paragraphs until you have learned them by heart.

An old gardener who was dying sent for his two sons to come to his bedside, as he wished to speak to them. When they came in answer to his request, the old man, raising himself on his pillows, pointed through the window towards his orchard. “You see that orchard?” said he. “Yes, Father, we see the orchard.” “For years it has given the best of fruit — golden oranges, red apples, and cherries bigger and brighter than rubies!” “To be sure, Father. It has always been a good orchard!” The old gardener nodded his head, time and time again. He looked at his hands — they were worn from the spade that he had used all his life. Then he looked at the hands of his sons and saw that their nails were polished and their fingers as white as those of any fine lady’s.

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Answer the following questions.

1. How did the gardener feel about his orchard?

2. What were the differences between the father’s and the son’s hands?

3. How often did the sons work before the gardener died?

4. Why did the sons dig so hard?

5. What treasure did they find after a year’s hard digging?

6. What did they get from one year’s hard work?

7. How did they feel when the merchant gave them twenty bags of money?

8. Were they angry not to find any treasure in the orchard?

9. What did they learn about the treasure in the end?

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Topics for Discussion.

1. What do you think of the treasure the father left his sons? Is it more valuable than money?

2. What kind of treasure do you want your parents to leave you?

3

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___________ last words

1--7

Part Topic Paragraph(s) Main Idea

Ⅰ

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Read Text A again and complete the following table.

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The old man’s The dying old man told his sons to ______

_______ in the orchard in the hope that _______

____________________

__________________.

dig for

treasure

Ⅱ The sons’ search(搜寻 ) for treasure

8--9

The two brothers worked hard in the orchard in order to _____________.

find the treasure

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they

would live a happy life

through their own work

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10--13

Part Topic Paragraph(s) Main Idea

Ⅲ

Ⅳ The truth(真相）

about the treasure 14--15

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The finest crop Because of all the

________________, the two brothers made a lot of _______ from the finest crop that had yet resulted.

digging and weeding

The two brothers finally understood __________

____________________

before his death.

what their

father really meant

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money

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Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms where necessary.

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bury delay delicious delight harvest hide hunt merchant nod possess property

request 1. Though he _________ several big farms in the south of the country, he

left nothing to his children.

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possessed

property

delicious

2. The family were very sad because they lost all their _______ in the fire.

3. Can I have another piece of the cake? It’s simply ________.

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request

4. He got a great deal of _______ from his children

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delight

harvest

merchant

5. The farmers are expecting a good ________ this year.

6. She was born in 1432, the daughter of a wealthy London _________, whose business was selling shoes.

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request 7． They ______ their gold in the garden where they hoped nobody would be

able to find it.

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buried

requests

hunt

8． They have turned down our repeated ________ for a crosswalk ( 人行横道 ) near the school.

9． After a long__________, they finally found a house they liked.

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request 10. When the son asked his dying mother if she wanted some water to drink,

she _______ her head by way of( 作为 ) saying “Yes.”

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nodded

delay

hide

11. Because of some problems with the engine, there will be a _______ of ten minutes before the plane takes off.

12. Lily used to _______ her diary under her pillow.

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Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms where necessary.

all one’s life carry away day after day dig up

in answer to pick out send away send for

set to to be sure time and time again 1. Suddenly a fight started and the restaurant owner had to ________ the police.

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send for

to be sure

time and time again

2. Tom is clever, _________, but not very hard-working.

3. I’ve told you _______________ not to play with fire, but you never listen to me.

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set to to be sure time and time again 4. As soon as David arrived in Beijing he fell in love with the city and decided that he would live there _________ .

all his life

sent away

dig up

5. He was trying to explain but she became impatient(不耐烦 ) and ____him ______.

6. We must _______ those weeds by the roots.

6

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set to to be sure time and time again 7. He was the fastest worker and ________ work right away, not stopping until he was tired out.

set to

day after day

pick… out

8. The same problem seemed to come up __________ but neither the father nor the son knew what to do.

9. How could he _____ the best tomatoes _____ for himself and leave the rest to his parents?

6

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set to to be sure time and time again 10. _________ the students request, the teacher has begun to give them more chances to speak in class.

In answer to

were carried away

11. Several houses _____________ when the river suddenly changed its course during a flood(洪水 ) last summer.

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Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in brackets into English.

7

Model:They dug up all the weeds and picked out all the stones, not because they liked weeding and cleaning, but because it was all part of the hunt for the buried treasure.

1. We’re not going on holiday this year, not because we don’t have

money, ___________________________. (而是因为我们没有时间 ) but because we don’t have time

2. He lent you his car yesterday, not because he wanted to,

___________________________________ .( 而是因为他妈妈要他这样做 )

but because his mother asked him to (do it)

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4. She’s in a bad mood __________________________________ ， but

because her father won’t let her go to the party tonight.( 不是因为她有门

考试没过 )

not because she failed in an examination

5. We come here today _______________________________________

________________________.(不是因为我们喜欢这个聚会，而是因为我

们想对他说声谢谢 )

not because we like the party, but because we

want to say thank you to him

3. We didn’t consider him for the job, ____________________________,

but because he didn’t do well in the test.(不是因为他没有经验 )

not because he had no experience

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8 Study the following example and then translate each of the sentences into English using the “This is + the superlative + sb. has yet done” structure with the adjective provided.

Model:This is the finest crop I have yet seen.

1. 这是我吃过的最好吃的中餐。 (delicious)

This is the most delicious Chinese food I have yet had.

2. 这是他做过的最难的练习。 (difficult)

This is the most difficult exercise he has yet done.

3. 这是我们听到过的最动听的音乐。 (beautiful)

This is the most beautiful piece of music we have yet heard.

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4. 这是她玩过的最有趣的游戏。 (interesting)

This is the most interesting game she has yet played.

5. 这是他们试过的最好的方法。 (good)

This is the best way they have yet tried.

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9 Translate the following sentences into English.

看到老人奄奄一息，邻居们一刻也没有耽误，马上请来医生。Seeing that the old man was dying, the neighbors sent for a doctor without

any delay.一个漂亮的果园要人付出辛勤劳动，要日复一日地浇水、除草、清除石块。不过丰收的时刻总是让人愉快的。A beautiful orchard requires hard work like watering, digging up the weeds,

picking out the stones day after day, but the time for harvest always makes

one happy.他一辈子都富有，但他从没为他所拥有的财产开心过。He had been rich all his life, but he never took much delight in the property

he possessed.

1

.

2

.

3

.

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在搜寻的过程中，他们不断以为自己找到了埋在地里的财宝，结果一无所获。During the hunt, time and time again they thought they had found the treasu

re buried underground, but in the end, they actually found nothing.应商人的要求，那家餐馆打发走了其他客人，着手为他一人准备美味的食物。In answer to the merchant s request, the restaurant sent away the other gu

ests and set to prepare delicious food just for him.

“ 我可以把这些旧报纸搬走吗？”工人问。“当然可以 ,” 他点点头。“May I carry away these old newspapers?” the worker asked. “To be sure,”

he nodded his head.

4

.

5

.

6

.

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Grammar Review

基本句型（ Sentence Pattern）英语句子有长有短，有简有繁，似乎千变万化，难以捉摸，但其实只有五种基本句型。所有英语句子都可以看成是这五种基本句型的扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这些句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。这五种句型列表如下：

用法句型特点例句

SV( 主—动 ) 由主语 + 不及物的谓语动词构成，常用来表示主语的动作

The moon rose.月亮升起了。What he said does not matter.他所讲的不重要。Great minds think alike. 英雄所见略同。

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SVC( 主—动—表 )

由主语 +系动词 + 表语组成，主要用以说明主语的特征、属性、状态、身份

Everything looks different.一切看来都不同了。The flowers smell sweet.花散发着香味。The trouble is that they are short of money.麻烦的是他们缺钱。

SVO( 主—动—宾 )

由主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语组成，谓语动词是主语产生的动作，宾语为动作的承受者

He enjoys reading.他喜欢看书。Who knows the answer?谁知道答案？All of us believe that you are an honest man.我们大家都相信你是个诚实的人。

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SVoO( 主—动—间宾—直宾 )

由主语 +及物动词 + 双宾语组成，这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者（多指物），即直接宾语；另一个是间接承受者（多指人），即间接宾语

I showed him my pictures.我给他看我的照片。She cooked her husband a delicious meal.她给丈夫做了一顿美餐。I told him that the bus was late.我告诉他汽车晚点了。

SVOC( 主—动—宾—宾补 )

由主语 +及物动词 +宾语+宾语补语组成，宾语补语用来补充说明宾语的特征、属性、状态

We found the hall full.我们发现礼堂坐满了。Make my house your home. 别客气 / 请随意。（主语省略）He makes his parents happy.他使他的父母很快乐。

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10. Translate the following sentences into Chinese and point out the pattern of each sentence.

A. 1. We elected John captain of our football team. 我们选约翰做我们足球队的队长。（ SVOC）2. Things of that sort are happening all over the world every day. 全世界各地每天都在发生这种事情。（ SV）3. They have carried out the plan successfully. 他们成功地完成了计划。（ SVO）4. She ordered herself a new dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳。（ SVoO）5. The most important thing is knowing what to do next. 最重要的是要知道下一步该做什么。 (SVC)

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B.1. Teach fish to swim. 教鱼游泳 /班门弄斧。（ SVOC ）（主语省略 )2. Seeing is believing. 眼见为实 / 百闻不如一见。（ SVC）3. Keep your sword bright. 有备无患。（ SVOC) （主语省略 )4. Money can’t buy time. 寸金难买寸光阴。（ SVO）5. Friends must part. 聚散离合总有时 / 天下无不散的宴席。（ SV）

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Practical Writing

People send cards to their friends, colleagues, family, etc. to celebrate personal occasions like birthdays and anniversaries, religious holidays like Christmas and Easter as well as other special holidays like Valentine’s Day, Mother’s Day, and Father’s Day. Greeting cards are a flourishing business since Americans spend over seven billion dollars a year to send cards. The top five card sending holidays are Christmas, Valentine’s Day, Easter, Mother’s Day and Father’s Day. The top five non holiday reasons people send cards are birthday, friendship, anniversary, get well and sympathy.

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Greeting cards are popular because they are colorful, well designed, and can communicate exactly what we want to say. They can be sent through the mail or delivered in person. They can be funny or serious depending on our mood. We have such a variety of choices when we go to a card shop. Every type of card is available to suit our specific needs: cards to comfort families, cards to apologize for rude behavior, cards to celebrate new babies, new jobs, new homes, exciting vacations, 50th birthdays. Cards convey every kind of emotional response to every kind of situation.

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These days of electronic media make it easier to choose and send cards. We can send electronic cards by e-mail, or we can use our computer to choose designs and messages from traditional cards and have them sent by a company for us. Electronic cards come with flashing lights, musical messages, and a great choice of designs ranging from animated graphics to traditional pictures.

But no matter how we send our cards, we often count on them to express our deepest feelings. In some situations sometimes it’s difficult by ourselves to come up with just the right words to say what we want to say. But we can often find a striking card with an appropriate message to do the job for us. This is why people can spend a lot of time browsing in a card store just looking at dozens of cards and reading the messages inside. Somewhere in the store there will be just the right card to make us chuckle or move us enough to pay big bucks to send this message to our friends or loved ones.

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Wishes

People extend their sincere wishes for another person’s success or happiness or pleasure on a particular occasion, for example, Valentine’s Day, or Christmas Eve, etc. The following are some popular Christmas wishes used in greeting cards:

If wishes came in rainbow colors I’d send you the brightest one to say… Hope you have a day that’s as wonderful as you are. Only a special wish will do… for an angel like you! Here’s wishing for a whole lot of happiness and sweet surprise to come your way! May the love and joy of the season fill your heart and home.

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Merry Kiss’mas! Wishing the wonders of this season light up your life with joy. Thinking of you at Christmas and wishing that we could celebrate this special time together. Christmas is about cookies, candies and cakes…But the best thing about Christmas is having a friend like you. It’s the season to love, the season to share, the season to reach out, to say that you care. Wishing you the many joys of this wonderful season!

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11. This Sunday will be your friend’s birthday. Write a greeting card to express your sincere wishes to him/her.

Dear Mary:

Hope your special day is the beginning

Of a brand new year

That’s full of fun and good cheer.

Here’s wishing you a delightful birthday!

Love,

Sunny

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12. Christmas Day is approaching. Write a greeting card to your teacher to express your gratitude to him/her.

Dear Teacher:

Christmas is the time to say things often left unsaid, such as how much

your living and gentle ways mean to me, and how often you have been my

strength, my guide. So I have wrapped this Christmas wish with all my love

just to say you’re very special to me!

Wishing you a season filled with joy!

Yours, Sunny

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Text B

?

The Golden Carambola TreeMrs. Nguyen

1 Long, long ago there lived a rich family of four people: a father, a mother and two sons. When the parents died they left their fortune of gold, houses and land to their sons but the older boy cheated his brother and took almost everything for himself. The only thing he left the younger brother was a carambola tree. 2 The younger brother, who was gentle and calm, was not upset by his older brother’s greedy, dishonest behaviour. He found himself a job and spent his spare time caring for the carambola tree. Whenever he looked at it, it reminded him of his father and mother. He hoped it would bear a rich crop of fruit for him to sell at the market and so earn some extra money.

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1) Did the younger brother feel angry when the older brother cheated him? Why or why not?

No. Because he was gentle and calm.

2) Why did the younger brother take good care of the carambola tree?

Because it reminded him of his parents and also because he wanted to earn some money from the fruit.

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Chinese Version

金色阳桃树阮夫人

很久、很久以前，有一个富有的四口之家，他们是父亲、母亲和两个儿子。父母去世时，把他们的金子、房子和地等财产都留给了两个儿子。但大儿子欺骗了弟弟，几乎把所有的东西都自己拿走了。他留给弟弟的唯一一样东西是一棵阳桃树。弟弟是个温和平静的人，对哥哥那种贪婪的欺骗行为并没有感到不高兴。他找到一份工作，业余时间则照料那棵阳桃树。每当看到那棵树时，他都会想到自己的父母。他希望它会结出丰硕的果实让他在市场上出售，从而额外挣些钱。

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Notes on the Text

The only thing he left the younger brother was a carambola tree.

他留给弟弟的唯一一样东西是一棵阳桃树。

句子的主语是 the only thing, 谓语是 was 。中间的 he left the younger brother 是定语从句，修饰、限定 thing 。

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Notes on the Text

He found himself a job and spent his spare time caring for the carambola tree.

他找到一份工作，业余时间则照料那棵阳桃树。

find 跟双宾语时，表示给某人 ( 自己 )找到什么。

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carambola //: n. 五敛子，阳桃

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Long, long ago there lived… 很久很久以前，有一个…… 这一表达常用于童话故事中。

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fortune //: n. a great amount of money, possessions; chance; luck; fate ( 大量 ) 财产 , 大笔的钱 ;运气 ;命运

e.g.

great/large fortune 大笔财富 family fortune 家族财富

personal fortune 个人财富

She made a fortune by selling a special kind of water.

她靠卖一种特殊的水发了财。

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land //: n. ground, esp. when used for farming; solid part of the earth’s surface 地；土地；陆地

e.g.

building land 建筑用地 rich land 富饶的土地

farm land 农田

They’ve bought some land to keep sheep on.

他们买了一些地用来放羊。

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cheat //: vt. act in a dishonest way (towards) (sb.) 欺骗（某人 )

e.g.

He’s been caught cheating at cards.

他打牌作弊，被逮个正着。

She believes she was cheated out of her fortune.

她相信她被骗去了财产。

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calm //: a. not excited; quiet; untroubled 不激动的；平静的；镇静的，镇定的近义词： cool

e.g.

I may have appeared calm, but I certainly did not feel it!

我可能看上去很镇定，但我心里才不是呢！ Sit down and keep/stay calm!

坐下，保持安静！ She seemed quite calm about it.

看起来她对这件事相当冷静。

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upset //: v. cause (sb.) to be unhappy or distressed 使 (某人 )不高兴 , 使 (某人 )心烦意乱 ; 使 (某人 )苦恼

e.g.

Don’t get so upset about it!

不要为这事那么烦恼！

He was upset by the death of his dog.

他的狗死了，他很难过。

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greedy //: a. showing or filled with too great a desire for food, money, power, etc. 贪食的，贪嘴的；贪婪的

e.g.

Don’t be so greedy — you’ve already eaten enough for two people.

不要那么贪吃——你已经吃了两个人吃的东西了。

He is greedy for power and will not let anyone stop him.

他贪图权力，不会让任何人阻止他。

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dishonest //: a. not honest; intended to deceive or cheat

不老实的，不诚实的；骗人的；欺骗性的

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behaviour //: n. way of acting or doing things 行为；举止

e.g.

good/bad/strange behaviour

好的 / 坏的 / 奇怪的举止

His behaviour towards his parents is bad.

对待父母他举止恶劣。

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found himself a job: 为他自己找到一份工作

find跟双宾语 find sb. sth. 时，表示给某人找到什么。

e.g.

Nancy found us a small flat/found a small flat for us.

南希为我们找到一套小公寓。

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spare //: a. not needed immediately but ready to be used when needed; not being used for anything 备用的；多余的 ; 空闲的；

e.g.

a spare key 备用钥匙 spare time 空闲时间

Do you have a spare moment/minute? 你有空吗？

What do you do in your spare time? 你业余时间做什么？

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care for: look after; take care of; attend to 照料 ; 照顾

e.g.

care for the poor 照顾穷人 care for the elderly 照顾老人

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whenever //: conj. at any time; every time that 任何时候；每当

e.g.

We visit her whenever possible.

只要可能，我们就去看她。

I’ll be here whenever you need me.

你什么时候需要我，我都在这里。

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remind //: v. tell or cause (sb.) to remember (a fact, or to do sth.) 使想起 (某事或做某事 ); 提醒

e.g.

That woman reminds me of my aunt.

那个妇人让我想起了我的姨妈。 Mrs. Jones reminded her son that she wanted him to help her in

the garden.

琼斯太太提醒她儿子她需要他去花园帮忙。 Remind me to buy some food when we go to town.

提醒我进城时买点食物。

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bear //: (bore //, borne //) vt. produce (a crop or fruit); give birth to (a baby) 长 (庄稼 ); 结 ( 果实 ); 生 (孩子 )

e.g.

bear flower 开花

bear fruit 结果

Most animals bear their young in the spring.

大多数动物在春季产仔。

Her efforts finally bore fruit.

她的努力总算有了回报。

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earn //: vt. get (money, one’s living, etc.) by working; gain (sth.) as a reward for what one has done 赚（钱），挣（钱）；谋（生）；获得，博得

e.g.

How much do you earn, if you don’t mind my asking?

如果你不介意我问的话，你收入有多少？

earn a living 谋生

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extra //: a. beyond the usual amount, number, etc.; additional 额外的 ; 特别的 ; 外加的

e.g.

extra money/ time 额外的钱 /时间

The price includes breakfast and dinner; lunch is extra.

早餐和晚餐包括在价格之内，中餐不算。

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Text B

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3 One morning, just as the fruit was ripening, a phoenix flew down and began to eat the best carambolas. “Please don’t eat them,” said the young man. “I must sell them at the market. I really need the money. Perhaps I can offer you something else to eat.” The phoenix replied, “I will pay you in pure gold for what I eat. Get a bag ready and when I have finished eating you can have a fortune in gold pieces to replace your carambolas.” 4 The young man fetched a bag and, when the phoenix had eaten its fill, it carried him on its back far over the sea to an island where gold coins lay thickly on the ground. The young man took a gold coin for every piece of fruit the phoenix had eaten and then the great bird carried him and his bag full of gold back to his home.

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3) Did the younger brother want the phoenix to eat the carambolas at the beginning? Why or why not?

No, he didn’t. Because he needed the carambolas for sale.

4) What did the phoenix offer to do for the younger brother?

It offered to pay him in gold.

5) Was the younger brother greedy to take gold coins? Why or why not?

No, he was not. Because he took just one coin for the one piece of fruit the phoenix had eaten.

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Chinese Version

一天早晨，正当阳桃成熟时，一只凤凰飞下来，开始吃那些最好的阳桃了。“请不要吃它们，”年轻人说。“我要在市场上卖钱的。我真的很需要这钱。也许我可以拿些别的东西给你吃。”凤凰回答说，“我吃的阳桃我会用纯金来偿付你的。准备好一只袋子，等我吃完，你就可以有一大笔金币补偿你的阳桃了。” 年轻人拿来一只口袋，凤凰吃饱后，便把他驮在背上，飞过大海来到远处一个地上铺着厚厚一层金币的岛上。年轻人为凤凰吃的每一只阳桃拿了一枚金币，然后那只大鸟又驮着他和那只装满金币的口袋回到他的家。

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Notes on the Text

I will pay you in pure gold for what I eat. Get a bag ready and when I have finished eating you can have a fortune in gold pieces to replace your carambolas.

我吃的阳桃我会用纯金来偿付你的。准备好一只袋子，等我吃完，你就可以有一大笔金币补偿你的阳桃了。

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Notes on the Text

The young man took a gold coin for every piece of fruit the phoenix had eaten and then the great bird carried him and his bag full of gold back to his home.

年轻人为凤凰吃的每一只阳桃拿了一枚金币，然后那只大鸟又驮着他和那只装满金币的口袋回到他的家。

full of gold 是后置形容词短语，修饰名词 bag 。

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ripe //: a. (of fruit, grain, etc.) ready to be gathered and used, esp. for eating （指水果、谷物等）成熟的

ripen //: v. (cause to) become ripe （使）成熟

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phoenix //: n. 凤凰；长生鸟

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in gold: 用金子

介词 in 可以表示用某种材料或某种方式做某事。

e.g.

Let’s try to speak in English.

让我们试着讲英语吧。

He paints mostly in oils.

他通常画油画。

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pure //: a. not mixed with any other substance; without harmful substances; without any faults or immorality; complete 纯的；纯净的 ; 无暇的；完美的

e.g.

pure water 纯净水

The dress is made of pure cotton. 连衫裙是纯棉做的。

a pure heart 一颗纯洁的心

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replace //: vt. provide a substitute for; take the place of; put (sth.) back in its place 替换；代替；接替；把∙∙∙放回原处

e.g.

replaced my old car with a new one.

我用一辆新车换掉了旧的车。

Her father was ill so she replaced him as the chairman.

她父亲病了，由她代替他做了主席。

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fetch //: vt. go for and bring back ( 去 ) 拿来 ; 请来 ; 接来

e.g.

fetch a glass of water 去拿杯水

Go and fetch a doctor. 去找医生。

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eat one’s fill: eat as much as one can 吃个饱

e.g.

eat and drink one’s fill

吃饱喝足

After work, he drank his fill of beer and went home.

下班后，他灌了一通啤酒再回家。

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coin //: n. money made of metal 硬币

e.g.

He paid me in coin. 他付硬币给我。

gold coin 金币

silver coin 银币

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Text B

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6 The older brother was amazed to find his brother so wealthy. “How did you become rich so quickly?” he asked very anxiously. The young man told him the story of the phoenix and the tree, and straight away the older brother wanted to exchange the carambola tree for the gold, houses and land his parents had left. The younger brother, who felt he had already more than enough wealth to last him all of his life, agreed to the exchange.

5 The young man bought a new house and filled it with expensive furniture. Then he bought some businesses and settled down to enjoy the life of a rich man. Very soon he invited his brother to share a fine meal with him to celebrate his changed fortune.

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6) What kind of life did the younger brother live after he got rich?

He lived a comfortable and happy life.

7) How did the older brother feel when he found his brother had become so rich?

He was surprised and anxious to know how his brother had become so rich.

8) What did the older brother want to do after he heard the story?

He wanted to exchange the carambola tree for everything he had.

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Chinese Version

年轻人买了一幢新房子，在里面摆满了昂贵的家具。后来他又买下几家商店，便安顿下来享受起富人的生活。很快他便邀请哥哥来共享美餐，庆祝他时来运转。哥哥发现弟弟如此富有不禁大为惊讶。“你怎么这么快就变富了？”他急切地问道。年轻人对他讲了凤凰和阳桃树的故事，哥哥马上就要用父母留下的金子、房子和地来交换那棵阳桃树。弟弟觉得自己已经有了一辈子也用不完的财富，便同意进行交换。

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Notes on the Text

Very soon he invited his brother to share a fine meal with him to celebrate his changed fortune.

很快他便邀请哥哥来共享美餐，庆祝自己时来运转。

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Notes on the Text

The younger brother, who felt he had already more than enough wealth to last him all of his life, agreed to the exchange.

弟弟觉得自己已经有了一辈子也用不完的财富，便同意交换。

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furniture //: n. things needed in a house, office, room, etc. such as tables, chairs, beds and desks 家具

e.g.

modern furniture 新式家具

office furniture 办公家具

a piece of furniture 一件家具

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settle down: begin to live a regular life 安顿下来；过安定的生活

e.g.

The family settled down in the Midwest and began farming.

全家在中西部定居下来，开始耕作。

He has worked all over the world, and doesn’t seem ready to settle down.

他在世界各地工作过，好像还不打算定居下来。

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celebrate //: v. mark (a happy or important day, event, etc.) by doing sth. enjoyable 庆祝

e.g.

celebrate Christmas 庆祝圣诞节

We celebrated by going out for a drink.

我们出去喝酒庆祝。

She celebrated her birthday with a party at a hotel.

她在酒店里聚会庆祝她的生日。

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amaze //: vt. fill (sb.) with great surprise or wonder 使（某人）大为惊奇；使（某人）惊愕 e.g.

It amazes me that no one thought of the idea. 让我惊讶的是没人想到过这个主意。 Hong Kong is an amazing city with all those tall modern buildings. 香港有那么些高耸入云的现代建筑，真是让人惊叹。 I’m amazed that the bank keeps lending him money. 让我惊讶的是，银行不断地借钱给他。 I’m amazed to see how well small children swim now. 我惊奇地看到现在的小孩子游泳游得那么好。

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wealthy //: a. having wealth; rich 富的；有钱的

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anxious //: a. worried; uneasy; eager; wanting sth. very much 焦虑的；不安的；急切的；渴望的

e.g.

They are waiting anxiously for the results of the tests.

他们焦急地等待考试的结果。

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straight away: (also spelled straightaway) at once; without delay 立即 , 马上；毫不耽搁地

e.g.

You should go and see a doctor straight away.

你应该马上去看医生。

I wrote him a letter and posted it straightaway.

我一写好给他的信就马上寄了出去。

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exchange //: 1. vt. change (one thing for another); give (sth.) in order to get sth. else交换；调换 2. n.交换；调换

e.g.

exchange gifts 交换礼物

I don’t like the color. Is it possible to exchange it for a different one?

我不喜欢这个颜色，可以换一种颜色吗？

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wealth //: n. a large amount of money, property, etc.; riches 财产；财富

e.g.

national wealth

国家财富

They are a family of great wealth.

他们是富庶之家。

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last: v. remain in supply 维持

e.g.

I‘ve got enough milk to last us two days.

我有够我们喝两天的牛奶。

That supply of wood should last the winter.

那些木头可以维持整个冬天。

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Language Points

agree to: say “yes” to; consent to 同意；赞同 e.g. agree to the plan 同意那个计划 Do you agree to those conditions ？你同意那些条件吗？

注意： to agree with sb. about sth./that 表示在某件事上赞同某人的意见 , 想法等；to agree on something 表示对某件事取得一致意见。 e.g.

I agree with you that it is warm enough to swim today.

我也觉得今天相当暖和，可以游泳。 I agree with her about these new education plans.

关于这些新的教育计划，我和她意见一致。 The whole team should agree on a plan of action.

整个团队应该就行动计划达成一致。

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7 When the fruit of the carambola was ripening once more, the phoenix returned to eat it. The older brother demanded to be paid for his fruit and the phoenix agreed. “Get a bag to carry the gold and you shall be paid,” it said. 8 When the phoenix carried the older brother to the island, the greedy man was not content to replace each piece of fruit with a gold coin but seized handfuls of coins, and packed the bag full. On the way back from the island, the bag was so heavy that even the great phoenix could not bear the weight. It dropped both the man and the bag into the ocean. The older brother drowned and the gold was lost at the bottom of the sea.

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9) How greedy was the older brother when he took the coins?

He seized handfuls of coins and packed his bag full.

10) How did the older brother die and why?

He drowned because his bag was too heavy for the phoenix.

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Chinese Version

当阳桃树的果实再次成熟时，凤凰又飞回来吃了。哥哥要求吃阳桃要付钱，凤凰同意了。“拿一只口袋来装金子，你会得到报酬的，”凤凰说。当凤凰驮着哥哥来到岛上时，那个贪婪的人并不满足于一只阳桃换一枚金币，而是抓起一把一把的金币，把口袋装得满满的。从岛上往回飞的路上，因为口袋太沉，连大凤凰也承受不住它的重量了。它把人和口袋一起丢进了大海。哥哥淹死了，而那些金币也丢失在了海底。

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Notes on the Text

… seized handfuls of coins, and packed the bag full.

∙∙∙ ∙∙∙ 抓起一把一把的金币，把口袋装得满满的。

full 是动词 pack 的宾语补足语。

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one more time: 重新；再一次

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demand //: vt. ask for, claim, in a determined way; require; need 要求，请求；强要；需要

e.g.

“Where are the keys?” she demanded angrily.

“钥匙呢？”她生气地问。

He had demanded money from her.

他曾从她那儿要钱。

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content //: a. satisfied with what one has; not wanting more; happy 满足的 ; 满意的，乐意的

e.g.

I’m perfectly content just to lie in the sun.

只要在阳光下躺一躺，我就很满足了。

She seemed quite content with the idea.

她好像挺满意那个主意。

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seize //: vt. take hold of (sth.) suddenly and violently; grab 抓住，捉住；攫取

e.g.

She seized him by the arm. 她抓住他的胳膊。

He seized the book from her hand. 他把书从她手里夺过来。

He had failed to seize his chance. 他没有抓住机会。

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a handful // of: amount that can be held in one hand 一把…

e.g.

She bent and pulled up a handful of weeds. 她弯下腰，拔出一把杂草。

She grabbed handfuls of the white snow. 她抓起一把一把的白雪。

Similar expressions: mouthful 一口 (食物 , 饮料 ) 的 ; armful 一抱 (之量 ) 的

e.g.

carry an armful of flowers 捧了一捧鲜花

She drank a few mouthfuls of tea. 她喝了几大口茶。

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pack //: v. put (sth.) into a container; fill (a container) with sth.

把∙∙∙装箱；把∙∙∙打包；把东西装进（容器）

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ocean //: n. mass of salt water that covers most of the earth’s surface 洋；海洋；大海

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drown //: v. (cause to) die in water because not able to breathe （使）淹死

e.g.

Several hundred people drowned in the flood.

好几百人在洪水中淹死了。

The heavy rain has drowned the fields.

大雨淹没了田野。

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bottom //: n. lowest or deepest part (of sth.) 底部 , 下端

e.g.

the bottom of each page 每一页的下面

She was standing at the bottom of the stairs looking up.

她站在楼梯下往上望。

I wish you every possible happiness from the bottom of my heart.

我由衷地祝愿你万事如意。

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13. Answer the following questions.

TB-EX-main

14. Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms where necessary.

15. Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms where necessary.

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Text B Exercises

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Answer the following questions.

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1. Did the younger brother feel angry when the older brother cheated him?

Why or why not?

2. Why did the younger brother take good care of the carambola tree?

3. Did the younger brother want the phoenix to eat the carambolas at the

beginning? Why or why not?

4. What did the phoenix offer to do for the younger brother?

5. Was the younger brother greedy when he took the gold coins? Why or why

not?

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TB-EX-A2

6. What kind of life did the younger brother live after he got rich?

7. How did the older brother feel when he found his brother had become

so rich?

8. What did the older brother want to do after he heard the story?

9. How greedy was the older brother when he took the gold coins?

10. How did the older brother die and why?

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Her uncle made a great _______ in the oil business and left it all to her

instead of his own son.

We ____________ to see John looking so well so soon after he came back

from the hospital.

Tim was very angry, saying that he _______________ by his greedy uncle.

Mary bought a red T-shirt yesterday, but then she went back to the store

and wanted to __________ it for a white one.

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fortune

were amazed

had been cheated

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amaze behaviour cheat content demand earn exchange extra fortune replace seize spare

1.

2.

3.

4.

exchange


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TB-EX-B2

demanded

content

seized


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5.

6.

7.

8.

The poor workers __________ higher pay and better working conditions,

but the boss refused to listen.

If you are not ________ with the way the computer operates, bring it back

and we will look at it again.

The greedy boy ________ the bag of sweets in both hands and would not

let go(松手 ).

His _________ in school is beginning to improve; he used to be such a b

ad boy that nobody liked him.

behaviour


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TB-EX-B3

earned

extra

spare


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9.

10.

11.

12.

She ______ some money by playing the piano in a bar, but it’s far from

enough to support her family.

They did a lot of ______ work but refused to take any extra pay.

He likes to read English novels in his _____ time.

The old bridge is unsafe. They’re going to _______ it with a new one

made of stone

replace


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He wants me to give up my job when we’re married, but I could never

________ that.

No more cookies （饼干 ), thank you. ______________ and don’t have any

room for any more.

The hospital needs more nurses to _______ those people who were injured

in the serious accident （事故） .

_____________ , there lived a girl called Cinderella.

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agree to

I’ve eaten my fill

care for

Long, long ago

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agree to care for eat one’s fill long, long ago once more remind… of settle down straight away

1.

2.

3.

4.


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__________ he wrote to her asking her to marry him, but again she refused

him.

I’m tired of traveling; I’d like to ___________ — probably in a small town.

Looking down on the water, he ____ suddenly __________ his childhood

days playing in the river.

Time is running out. We’d better start work ____________.

TB-EX-C2

Once more

settle down

was reminded of

straight away

agree to care for eat one’s fill long, long ago once more remind… of settle down straight away

5.

6.

7.

8.

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Text CA Dinner of Smells

Author Unknown

1 One day a poor man came into a little town. He was very hungry. Every time he saw food, his mouth watered. But he had no money. 2 The poor man stopped outside a fine restaurant. The food at the restaurant smelled delicious. He sniffed （闻） and sniffed the wonderful smell. 3 The owner （老板） of the restaurant came into the street. 4 “Hey! You!” the owner called. “I saw what you did! You smelled my excellent food! You stole （偷） the smell of my food. Are you going to pay for it?” 5 The poor man replied, “I cannot pay. I have no money. I took nothing!”

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Text CChinese version

闻味之宴佚名

一天，一个穷人来到一座小镇上。他饿坏了，一看到吃的东西就流口水。可是他没有钱。穷人在一家豪华的饭店外面停了下来。饭店里的食物闻起来香极了。他抽着鼻子，不停地闻着香味。饭店老板来到街上。 “喂！你！”老板叫道。“我可看到了你干的好事！你竟敢闻我的美味佳肴！你偷了我的食物的香味。你准备付钱吗？” 穷人回答说：“我付不起。我没有钱。我什么也没拿呀！”

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Text C

6 The owner of the restaurant did not listen to him. “I’m taking you to the judge,” he said. And he took the poor man to court. 7 The judge listened to the story. “This is very unusual,” he said. “I want to think about it. Come back tomorrow.” 8 The poor man was very worried. He had no money. “What can I do?” he asked himself. He could not sleep at all. 9 The next morning the man got up and said his prayers （祈祷） . Then he went slowly back to the court. On the way he met the wise mullah (毛拉 ), Nasrudin. 10 “Nasrudin,” the poor man cried. “Please help me. People say that you are very clever. I am very unhappy and very worried.” He told Nasrudin his story.

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饭店老板根本不听他说的这些话。“我要带你去见法官，”他说。他把穷人带到了法庭上。法官听完陈述。“这案子倒很少见，”他说。“我要考虑考虑。明天再来吧。” 穷人很担心。他没有钱。“我该怎么办呢？”他问自己。他整晚都无法入睡。第二天早上他起床后做完了祷告，然后慢慢朝法庭走去。路上他碰到了博学的毛拉——纳什雷丁。 “纳什雷丁，”穷人哭着说道。“请帮帮我。人们都说你很聪明。我非常不幸，非常担心。”他把发生的事情告诉了纳什雷丁。

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Text C

11 “Well, well,” wise Nasrudin said. “Let's see what happens.” The two men went to court. 12 The judge was already there. He was with the owner of the restaurant. They looked very friendly with each other. When the poor man arrived, the judge began to speak. He said the poor man owed （欠） the restaurant owner a lot of money.

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13 Nasrudin stepped forward. “This man is my friend,” he said. “Can I pay for him?” He held out a bag of money. 14 The judge looked at the restaurant owner. “Can Nasrudin pay?” he asked. 15 “Yes,” the restaurant owner said. “Nasrudin has money. The poor man does not. Nasrudin can pay!”

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“嗯，嗯，”博学的纳什雷丁说。“我们先看看会发生什么事吧。”两个人去了法庭。法官已等在那儿。他和饭店老板在一起。他们看上去很有交情。穷人一到，法官就开口了。他说穷人欠了饭店老板很多钱。纳什雷丁走上前去。“这个人是我的朋友，”他说。“我能替他付钱吗？”他拿出了一袋钱。法官看着饭店老板。“纳什雷丁能付吗？”他问。 “ 可以，”饭店老板说。“纳什雷丁有钱。那个穷人没钱。纳什雷丁可以替他付！”

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Text C

16 Nasrudin smiled. He stood next to the restaurant owner. Nasrudin held the bag of money near the restaurant owner’s ear. He shook （摇） it so the coins made a noise. 17 “Can you hear the money?” he asked. 18 “Of course I can hear it,” the restaurant owner said. 19 “That is your payment,” the mullah said. “My friend smelled your food, and you heard his money.” 20 And that is the end of the story.

(405 words)

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纳什雷丁笑了。他站到饭店老板旁边。纳什雷丁拿起钱袋靠近饭店老板的耳朵。他摇了摇钱袋，钱币叮当作响。 “ 你能听到钱的声音吗？”他问。 “ 我当然能听到了，”饭店老板说。 “ 这就是付给你的钱，”毛拉说。“我的朋友闻了你的食物，你听了他的钱。” 故事就这么结束了。

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Comprehension of the Text

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The poor man stopped outside a fine restaurant because he __________.

A) wanted to eat without paying

B) was attracted by the smell

C) wanted to steal the smell

D) was reminded of home

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1.

Choose the best answer for each of the following multiple choice questions.

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The owner of the restaurant took the poor man to court in order to _______.

A) teach him a lesson

B) trouble the judge

C) get back the stolen smell

D) get some money from the poor man

2.

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In the sentence “This is very unusual,” the word “unusual” means _______.

A) strange

B) difficult

C) new

D) different

3.

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The poor man asked Nasrudin for help because he believed that Nasrudin _

___________.

A) was a powerful official

B) could find a way out

C) had money to pay for him

D) could fight against the judge

4.

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Nasrudin smiled when the restaurant owner allowed him to pay for the poor

man. The reason is that he _________.

A) wanted to be friendly

B) was not afraid of the judge

C) knew he could help the poor man

D) was proud he had money to pay

5.

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The restaurant owner was paid with __________.

A) a bag of real money

B) the sound of money

C) the smell of money

D) the smell of food

6.

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Understanding Signal Words (3)

有些 Signal Words 表示的是“因果”关系，表示原因的词语有： because, since, as, because of, thanks to 等，表示结果的词语有： so, consequently( 因此，所以 ), thus, therefore, as a result等。下面本单元是 A篇课文中的句子：They dug up all the weeds and picked out all the stones, not because they liked weeding and cleaning, but because it was all part of the hunt for the buried treasure. 他们为什么 dug up all the weeds and picked out all the stones呢？原因不是 they liked weeding and cleaning ，而是 it was all part of the hunt for the buried treasure 。作者用 because 表示了这种“因果”关系。

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再看下面一段： My mother is not the bargain shopper. She does not cut out coupons or compare products or prices; she is impatient — if she likes something, she buys it. My father, therefore, has always done our food shopping. He compares products and prices, looks for sales and bargains, and buys only what he needs. He has also always taken care of our household finances and is the bookkeeper and accountant of the family. My father says that my mother has champagne tastes with a beer pocketbook, and she says that he’s cheap, but there is a happy compromise — she spends and he saves. (Text C, Unit 3) 作者的母亲不是一位 bargain shopper ，她不剪优惠券（ coupons），也不比较商品价格，而父亲很会精打细算，所以 (therefore), 他 has always done our food shopping 。作者用 therefore 表示了这种因果关系。

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1. She enjoys people because, to her, they are the most interesting form of life. (Text C, Unit 3)2. Other beliefs are facts: things that are true because people have proven th

em in studies. (Text B, Unit 4)3. Since the automobile manufacturers wouldn’t build the engine, the brother

s talked to Charles Taylor. (Text C, Unit 2)

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Reread the following sentences from your textbook. Identify the signal words that are used to express a cause and effect relationship.

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because

because

Since

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