Humanism: intellectual movement that admired the Classical Age, considered human beings the centre of the universe and used reason to explain reality. It was developed during the Renaissance. Renaissance: it is a historical period between the 15th and 16th century, considered the bridge between the Middle Ages and Modern Age. It started in Italy as a cultural movement derived from the rediscovery of classical Greek and Roman cultures. It is in real connection with the humanism. It was also an artistic style.

Reformation: religious movement begun by Martin Luther in the 16th century as a result of corruption in the church. It led to the split of the Church into Protestantism and Catholicism. Counter-Reformation: internal reform of the Catholic Church to combat the rise of Protestantism and also to improve the catholic doctrine.

LUTHERANISM CALVINISMANGLICANISMLEADERSHIPMARTIN LUTHERJOHN CALVINE HENRY VIIISPREADGermany, Sweden, Finland, Norway, Baltic Countries.Switzerland, Low Countries, Scotland, FranceEnglandBASES DOCTRINESalvation is achieved through faithSalvation is achieved through predestination Salvation is achieved through faithORIGINLuther published his 95 thesis Wittenbergs Cathedral in 1517It was based on Lutheranism but with some differences Henrys VIII divorce of Catalina de Aragn. The Act of Supremacy was created (1534)

A catechism which contains all the fundamental bases of the catholic church was published in order to teach correctly to children. They created the inquisition: a religious tribunal created by the Pope to supress and pursue heresy.

Urban art Humanism thoughts > Anthropocentrism > Represented in art They looked for human ideal beauty, perfection and harmony. The renaissance men studied about nature and human anatomy. (A deep study of proportion) 7 heads/1 body. Secular art: Greek and Roman mythology themes, but religious too. Prestige to the artist. They had a great social recognition.

THE RENAISSANCE ART IS DIVIDED INTO TWO STYLES:CUATROCCENTO: XV centuryIt was developed in Florence, it was promoted by the Medicis. The most famous artists were: Brunelleschi (Architecture); Donatello and Ghiberti (Sculpture); Botticelli (Painting)QUINCUECCENTO: XVI centuryThe mature Renaissance. The technique of every artistic style was improved .The centre of its art was Rome and promoted by the Popes. Artists: Michelangelo (architecture, sculpture and painting);

Leonardo da Vinci (painting), Raphael Sanzio (painting)

They were inspired on Greek and Roman art.They used: Columns: doric, lonic and corinthian Half-point arch Huge DomesFloor plan: Greek Cross and Latin Cross or circularPediments They focused on proportion. The main architects were: Brunelleschi, Michelangelo, Bramante or Alberti.

DORIC IONIC CORINTHIAN

Sculptures depicted religious and mythological themes They were focused on the ideal human proportions and naked forms. It was characterised by the beauty and idealisation of the figures. The most common materials were: bronze and marble. They looked for the feeling in their expressions.The main sculptors were: Donatello, Michelangelo and Ghiberti.

The main techniques were fresco on walls, oil painting or tempera for painting on wood panels or canvas. Themes represented: mythological, religious, portraits. Scenes appear to have depth thanks to the use of perspective.Figures are natural, have more volume and are more realistic. The most important artists were: Botticelli, Rafael, Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci.

During the quincueccento another artistic school was developed, which focused on painting in Venice. Its main important artists were:TizianoTintorreto

Their paintings were very colourful, with the representation of natural atmospheres and sensuality in the naked humans.

JAN VAN EICK: THE ARNOLFINI MARRIAGE