Unit 5Unit 5 International International

Business StylesBusiness Styles

Teaching ObjectiveTeaching Objective

This unit aims to help students toThis unit aims to help students to learn business terms and expressions learn business terms and expressions

concerning international business concerning international business culture;culture;

be more familiar with different business be more familiar with different business culture around the world;culture around the world;

be more sensitive toward business be more sensitive toward business culture.culture.

Time required:Time required: 6 hours 6 hours

LanguageLanguage Focus Focus

The imperativeThe imperative Adjectives of nationalityAdjectives of nationality

Key VocabularyKey Vocabulary The characteristics of management often vary The characteristics of management often vary

according to according to national culture(national culture( 国家文化国家文化 )) which can which can determine(determine(决定决定 )) how managers are trained, how how managers are trained, how they lead people and how they they lead people and how they approach(approach(处理处理 ))their their jobs.jobs.

The amount of responsibility of any individual in a The amount of responsibility of any individual in a company depends on the position that he or she company depends on the position that he or she occupies(occupies(占有占有 ,, 处于处于 )) in its in its hierarchy(hierarchy(阶层阶层 )).. Managers, for example, are responsible for leading Managers, for example, are responsible for leading the people directly under them, who are called the people directly under them, who are called subordinates(subordinates(下属下属 )).. To do this successfully, they To do this successfully, they must use their must use their authority(authority(权威权威 ,, 权力权力 )),, which is the which is the right to take decisions and give orders. Managers right to take decisions and give orders. Managers often often delegate(delegate(委派委派 ,, 授权授权 )) authority. This means authority. This means that employees at lower levels in the company that employees at lower levels in the company hierarchy can use their hierarchy can use their initiative(initiative(自主权自主权 )),, that is that is make decisions without asking their manager.make decisions without asking their manager.

Lead-inLead-in 1 1DiscussionDiscussion: What are your impressions : What are your impressions

on people from the following on people from the following countries?countries?

• GermanyGermany• PolandPoland• SwedenSweden• The United KingdomThe United Kingdom• The United StatesThe United States

Read the portraits of managers and Read the portraits of managers and decide which country each one decide which country each one corresponds to.corresponds to.

Words & Expressions in Lead-Words & Expressions in Lead-inin 1 1

1.1. professional and technical skills professional and technical skills 专业知识与技术专业知识与技术2.2. sense of authority sense of authority 权威感权威感3.3. delegate authority delegate authority 授权，下放权力授权，下放权力4.4. social qualities social qualities 社会素质社会素质5.5. appreciate low-level decision-making appreciate low-level decision-making 看重（公司）低层看重（公司）低层

次决策次决策6.6. admire admire 尊重，敬仰尊重，敬仰7.7. Working life –Working life – 职业生涯职业生涯8.8. to measure individual performance to measure individual performance 评估个人绩效评估个人绩效9.9. to reward initiative to reward initiative 奖励自主创新奖励自主创新10.10. accept innovation and change accept innovation and change 接受创新与改革接受创新与改革11.11. state-owned enterprise state-owned enterprise 国有企业国有企业12.12. competitive self-starters competitive self-starters 有竞争力的自主创业者有竞争力的自主创业者13.13. technical degree technical degree 技术级别技术级别14.14. business qualifications business qualifications 商务资质商务资质

Keys in Lead-inKeys in Lead-in

1.1.GermanyGermany

2.2.UKUK

3.3.Sweden Sweden

4.4.USUS

5.5.Poland Poland

Reading: Learning to Cope with Reading: Learning to Cope with Corporate Culture ClashesCorporate Culture Clashes

Vocabulary:Vocabulary: minefieldminefield -- n. sth that is full of hidden dangers -- n. sth that is full of hidden dangers 布雷区，布雷区，

充满隐伏危险的事物充满隐伏危险的事物 end upend up -- to finish (in a particular place or way) -- to finish (in a particular place or way)

* He ends up (as) head of the department * He ends up (as) head of the department 他最后做了部门领他最后做了部门领导导

* We may end up in China * We may end up in China 我们可能在中国结束旅行我们可能在中国结束旅行 warywary – adj. careful, looking out for dangers – adj. careful, looking out for dangers 机警的，警惕机警的，警惕

的的 * * He is a ~ politician who never says too muchHe is a ~ politician who never says too much * a ~ wild animal* a ~ wild animal

pitfallpitfall – n. unexpected danger or difficulty, a likely – n. unexpected danger or difficulty, a likely problemproblem ； ； mistakes that may easily be made mistakes that may easily be made 未料到的危未料到的危险或困难，可能存在的问题险或困难，可能存在的问题 ; ; 易犯的错误。易犯的错误。

* * There are many ~s in English spelling for foreign students.There are many ~s in English spelling for foreign students.

CovertCovert -- adj. secret; hidden; not openly shown -- adj. secret; hidden; not openly shown 秘密的，秘密的，隐秘的隐秘的

* * ~ reasons~ reasons AspireAspire -- v. to ~ to/after sh. -- v. to ~ to/after sh. 渴望，热望，胸怀大志渴望，热望，胸怀大志 * * He ~d after knowledge / to the highest positions / to He ~d after knowledge / to the highest positions / to

become presidentbecome president

encounterencounter -- v. to meet or be faced by (sth bad); to -- v. to meet or be faced by (sth bad); to meet unexpectedly meet unexpectedly 突遇危险；邂逅，碰见 突遇危险；邂逅，碰见 * * He ~ed many He ~ed many difficulties. difficulties.

* He ~ed a friend on the road.* He ~ed a friend on the road. encounterencounter -- n. ( ~ with) a sudden meeting (usu. -- n. ( ~ with) a sudden meeting (usu.

Unexpected or dangerous)Unexpected or dangerous) 突遇（危险）；邂逅，碰见 突遇（危险）；邂逅，碰见

To date -- To date -- 直至目前为止，迄今直至目前为止，迄今 * * He left 3 weeks ago and we haven’t had one single He left 3 weeks ago and we haven’t had one single

letter from him to date.letter from him to date.

tracktrack – n. course of action – n. course of action 路线，途径路线，途径 **He is going the same ~ year after year.He is going the same ~ year after year. social etiquettesocial etiquette – – 社交礼仪社交礼仪 a scheduled appointment—a planned appointmenta scheduled appointment—a planned appointment hazardhazard – n. (~to) a danger – n. (~to) a danger * * a ~ to health / a health ~a ~ to health / a health ~ short firm handshakeshort firm handshake – – 短而有力短而有力 ((tight)tight) 的握手的握手 solesole – – 脚底，脚掌，鞋底脚底，脚掌，鞋底 // 单独单独 conventionconvention – n. generally accepted practice, esp. – n. generally accepted practice, esp.

regarding social behavior regarding social behavior 传统传统 // 惯例惯例 * It’s a matter of ~ that a man should open the * It’s a matter of ~ that a man should open the

door for the ladies.door for the ladies. sacksack – v. to take away the job of sb. ; to dismiss – v. to take away the job of sb. ; to dismiss

革职， 解雇革职， 解雇 * * to give sb. the sackto give sb. the sack

empowerempower – v. to give sb. more control – v. to give sb. more control personal spacepersonal space – – 私人空间私人空间 condensecondense – v. to put into a smaller or shorter form – v. to put into a smaller or shorter form 浓缩浓缩 packed trainpacked train – – 拥挤的车厢拥挤的车厢 complimentcompliment – an expression of praise, admiration or respect – an expression of praise, admiration or respect 恭恭

维，称赞维，称赞 assumeassume – v. – v. 假定假定

* * I ~ed that he was there.I ~ed that he was there. * I ~ him to be able to read* I ~ him to be able to read

to to bombbomb (US) – to go badly (US) – to go badly to go a bomb (GB) – to be successfulto go a bomb (GB) – to be successful exuberantexuberant – adj. happy, cheerful, full of energy – adj. happy, cheerful, full of energy （人）充满活力的（人）充满活力的 Notion –content Notion –content 内涵内涵 // 概念概念 personal space—personal space— 个人个人 // 私人空间私人空间 convention –convention – 传统传统 // 惯例惯例 terms of address (terms of address ( 说话的）措辞说话的）措辞 gesture ---gesture --- 手势 手势 Infer—draw a conclusion from Infer—draw a conclusion from 推断推断 Reserve—be conservative Reserve—be conservative 保守保守 equate –be equal equate –be equal

Key to vocabulary1 Key to vocabulary1 11 -- c-- c22 -- g-- g33 -- i -- i 44 -- a-- a55 -- h-- h66 -- j-- j77 -- e-- e88 -- f-- f99 -- d-- d1010 -- b-- b

2.2. Complete the passage using words from Complete the passage using words from Vocabulary 1 in the correct form.Vocabulary 1 in the correct form.

1. custom1. custom

2. abroad2. abroad

3. etiquette3. etiquette

4. offensive4. offensive

5. a sign of 5. a sign of

6. sensitive6. sensitive

7. minefield7. minefield

Key to vocabulary2Key to vocabulary2

Complete the sentences using the expressions in the box Complete the sentences using the expressions in the box in correct formin correct form

1.1. LeaveLeave2.2. Don’t judgeDon’t judge3.3. Invest/ Do investInvest/ Do invest4.4. Increase / Do increaseIncrease / Do increase5.5. Study /Do studyStudy /Do study6.6. Expect / Do expectExpect / Do expect7.7. Don’t expectDon’t expect8.8. Be flexible / Do be flexibleBe flexible / Do be flexible9.9. Don’t assumeDon’t assume10.10.Beware / Do bewareBeware / Do beware

Language Focus-- PracticeLanguage Focus-- Practice

Match the words to make sentences. Transform the names of the Match the words to make sentences. Transform the names of the countries into adjectivescountries into adjectives

1.1. Hola is a Spanish weekly magazineHola is a Spanish weekly magazine2.2. Ferrari is an Italian car manufacturer.Ferrari is an Italian car manufacturer.3.3. Evian is a French Mineral waterEvian is a French Mineral water4.4. Mateus Rose is a Portuguese wineMateus Rose is a Portuguese wine5.5. IBM is an American computer company.IBM is an American computer company.6.6. AGFA is a German photographic companyAGFA is a German photographic company7.7. Philips is a Dutch electronics companyPhilips is a Dutch electronics company8.8. Carlsberg is a Danish beerCarlsberg is a Danish beer9.9. IKEA is a Swedish furniture retailer\IKEA is a Swedish furniture retailer\10.10. BBC1 is a British television channel.BBC1 is a British television channel.11.11. Olympic is a Greek airline.Olympic is a Greek airline.12.12. Pravda is a Russian newspaperPravda is a Russian newspaper13.13. Aker AS is a Norwegian industrial companyAker AS is a Norwegian industrial company14.14. Istanbul is a Turkish seaportIstanbul is a Turkish seaport15.15. Nokia is a Finnish mobile phone companyNokia is a Finnish mobile phone company

Adjectives of nationality -- Adjectives of nationality -- practicepractice

WritingWriting

1.1. c When the memo is sentc When the memo is sent2.2. e Name of the person to whom the e Name of the person to whom the

memo is sentmemo is sent3.3. b A short heading which tells you what b A short heading which tells you what

the memo is aboutthe memo is about4.4. f A brief introduction to the memo f A brief introduction to the memo

giving the most important informationgiving the most important information5.5. a The body of the memoa The body of the memo6.6. d Conclusion, which often recommends d Conclusion, which often recommends

a course of actiona course of action

Role-playRole-play

Giving and asking for advice based on the Giving and asking for advice based on the themes studied throughout the unitthemes studied throughout the unit

Student AStudent A • A cross-cultural consultant hired by a foreign A cross-cultural consultant hired by a foreign

executive who is going to do business for the executive who is going to do business for the first time in your country or a country you know first time in your country or a country you know well. Prepare some advice to give your client well. Prepare some advice to give your client about business practices .about business practices .

Student BStudent B • A business person going to negotiate in a A business person going to negotiate in a

foreign country. As part of the preparation for foreign country. As part of the preparation for your trip, you have arranged to meet a your trip, you have arranged to meet a consultant (Student A) who is an expert on the consultant (Student A) who is an expert on the culture of the country. Make a list of questions culture of the country. Make a list of questions to ask him/her.to ask him/her.