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Grad

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Core

Know

ledge

Lang

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Arts®

• Skil

ls St

rand

Unit 4Skills Workbook


Skills StrandGrade 3

Core Knowledge Language Arts®

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This Skills Workbook contains worksheets that accompany the lessons from the Teacher Guide for Unit 4. Each worksheet is identified by its lesson number and where it is intended to be used. For example, if there are two worksheets for Lesson 8, the first will be numbered 8.1 and the second 8.2. The Skills Workbook is a student component, which means each student should have a Skills Workbook.

Unit 4 1© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation

Name: X.X

Rome, Then and Now

1. HowdidRomestartout?

A. Romestartedoutasalargecity.

B. RomestartedoutasafewhousesonthebanksoftheTiberRiver.

C. RomestartedoutasafewhousesalongtheNileRiver.

D. Romestartedoutasasmallcountry.

Page _____

2. WhatistheshapeofItalyonamap?

A. Italy’sshapelookslikeasandal.

B. Italy’sshapelookslikeatennisshoe.

C. Italy’sshapelookslikeaboot.

D. Italy’sshapelookslikeaflipflop.

Page _____

3. WhatbodyofwatersurroundsItalyonthreesides?

A. TheAtlanticOceansurroundsItalyonthreesides.

B. TheTiberRiversurroundsItalyonthreesides.

C. TheBlackSeasurroundsItalyonthreesides.

D. TheMediterraneanSeasurroundsItalyonthreesides.

Page _____

1.1

2 Unit 4© 2013 Core Knowledge Foundation

4. HowlongagodidRomestartgrowing?

A. Romestartedgrowingabout500yearsafterthebirthofJesus.

B. Romestartedgrowingabout500yearsbeforethebirthofJesus.

C. Romestartedgrowingabout500yearsago.

D. Romestartedgrowingabout1,000yearsago.

Page _____

5. CircletheareasorcountriesthatancientRometookover.

France Spain

Germany China

Ireland Turkey

Egypt NorthernAfrica

SouthAmerica Greece

theBalkans MiddleEast

Page(s) _____


Name: 1.2

Dear Family Member,

Pleasehelpyourchildsucceedinspellingbytakingafewminuteseacheveningtoreviewthewordstogether.Helpfulactivitiesforyourchildtodoinclude:spellingthewordsorally,writingsentencesusingthewords,orsimplycopyingthewords.

Spelling Words

Thisweek,wewillbereviewingthespellingsofr-controlledvowels.Yourchildlearnedtoreadandspellwordswithr-controlledvowelsinfirstandsecondgrades,sothisshouldbeareview.OnFriday,yourchildwillbeassessedonthesewords.

StudentshavebeenassignedtwoChallengeWords,aboveandbeginning,tospellthisweek.RememberthatChallengeWordsdonotfollowspellingpatternsandneedtobememorized.

NewthisweekistheintroductionofaContentWord.TheContentWordforthisweekisMediterranean.Thiswordisdirectlyrelatedtothematerialthatwearereading.TheContentWordisanoptionalspellingwordforyourchild.Ifyourchildwouldliketotryspellingitbutgetsitwrong,itwillnotcountagainsthimorherontheassessment.Weencourageeveryonetostretchthemselvesabittotrytospellthisword.

Take-HomeWorksheet


Thespellingwords,includingtheChallengeWordsandtheContentWord,arelistedbelow:

1. tarnish

2. marbles

3. portion

4. motor

5. circulate

6. servant

7. turkey

8. doctor

9. worship

10. surgery

11. immortal

12. sword

13. messenger

14. barbecue

15. giraffe

16. slurp

17. sir

18. mirth

19. Challenge Word: above

20. Challenge Word: beginning

Content Word: Mediterranean

Student Reader

Thisweek,westartournewunitaboutancientRome.Inthisunit,yourchildwillreadStories of Ancient Rome,whichincludesinformationaboutthehistoryofRome,legends,Romangodsandgoddesses,myths,powerfulrulers,andwars,aswellastheriseofChristianity.Mrs.Teachwellisthenarratorwhowillbeguidingyourchildthroughtheinformation,someofwhichisfictionandsomenonfiction,asyourchildlearnsmanynewandexcitingfactsaboutaveryoldcivilization.Besuretoaskyourchildeacheveningaboutwhatheorsheislearning.

Thisweek,yourchildwillbereadingabouthowRomewasbuiltonthebanksoftheTiberRiver,thelegendofRomulusandRemus,andaboutRomangodsandgoddesses.

Studentswillbringhometextcopiesofthechaptersinthereaderthroughouttheunit.Encouragingstudentstoreadatextdirectlyrelatedtothisdomain-basedunitwillprovidecontentandvocabularyreinforcement.Pleaseremindyourchildthatthecopyoftheglossarytheybroughthometodaycanbeusedtofindthemeaningoftheboldedwords.


Name: 1.3Take-HomeWorksheet

Rome, Then and Now“ThisisRome,”saidMrs.Teachwell,pointingtoablackdotontheclassroom

map.“ButthisisRometoo,”sheadded,asshetracedacirclethatwassolargeit

seemedtotouchallfoursidesofthemap.Thestudentslookedconfused.“Howcanitbeboth?”CharlieChattershoutedout.“I’llexplain,”Mrs.Teachwellsaid,“butpleaseraiseyourhandifyouwouldlike

tospeak.”CharlieChatternodded.Itwasnotthefirsttimehehadheardthis.Infact,Mrs.

Teachwellhadaskedhimtoraisehishandmanytimes,butitwashardforCharlie.Hismouthseemedtobefasterthanhishand.

“RomestartedoutasalittletownalongtheTiberRiver,”Mrs.Teachwellexplained.

“LikeEgyptontheNile?”Charlieasked.“Yes,”saidMrs.Teachwell,“butlet’sseethathand!”Thestudentsgiggled.“AsCharliehasjustremindedus,”Mrs.Teachwellsaid,“manycivilizations

springupalongthebanksofariver.Romewasnoexception.Itspranguphere,onthebanksoftheTiberRiver,amongsevenhills.Atfirst,Romewasjustafewhousesonahill.Then,itgrewandgrewandgrew.Afterawhile,peoplestartedbuildinghousesonotherhillsnearby.Then,thelittletownsonthehillsgrewtogethertomakeabigcity.Infact,tothisday,Romeisknownasthe‘CityofSevenHills’.

“Then,theRomansfoughtwarswiththeirneighbors.TheRomanswonmostofthesewars.TheydefeatedtheEtruscans,wholivednorthofthem.TheyconqueredtheGreeks,whohadsettledtothesouth,aswell.Itwasn’tlongbeforetheycontrolledmostofthispieceoflandthatwecallItaly.”

Mrs.TeachwelltracedtheoutlineofItalywithherfinger.


“Checkitout!”CharlieChattershouted.“Italylookslikeaboot!”“Yes,”saidMrs.Teachwell.“Italydoeslooklikeaboot,but,please,Charlie,raise

yourhand!Thisisyourlastwarning.Now,doesanyoneknowwhatthisbodyofwaterthatthebootofItalysticksoutintoiscalled?”

RachelReadmuch,whoalwayshadhernoseinabook,raisedherhand.Mrs.Teachwellcalledonher.

“It’scalledtheMediterranean,”saidRachel.“That’sright!”saidMrs.Teachwell.“ThisistheMediterraneanSea.Rome

grewsomuchthat,atitspeak,theRomanscontrolledallthelandaroundtheMediterraneanSea.TheytookovermostofSpainandFrance.TheytookoverthisareathatwecalltheBalkans.TheytookoverGreeceandmuchofTurkey.TheytookovertheMiddleEast,Egypt,andthecoastofNorthAfrica.”

TimTimetable,wholovedtolearnaboutwhenthingshappened,putuphishand.

“Whenwasallthishappening?”“Romestartedgrowingabouttwothousandfivehundredyearsago,”Mrs.

Teachwellexplained.“ItstartedgrowingaboutfivehundredyearsbeforethebirthofJesus,intheyearswecallBCorBCE.ItwasstillgrowingwhenJesuswasborn.Infact,Jesuswasbornhere,inapartoftheMiddleEastthatwascontrolledbytheRomans.”

TimTimetablemadeanoteofthedate.Mrs.Teachwellwenton:“WewillbestudyingRomeforthreeweeksorso.Each

day,wewillhaveareportonatopicconnectedtoancientRome.I’llgivethefirstfewreports.Then,eachofyoucandosomeresearchandgivethenextfew.Howdoesthatsound?”

Thekidscheered.TheywereeagertolearnmoreaboutRome.RachelReadmuchalreadyknewquitealot.TimTimetablehadlotsofquestionsaboutwhathappenedwhen.AsforCharlieChatter,hewaslookingforwardtothedaywhenhewouldgettogivehisreport.Then,hewouldgettotalkwithouthavingtoraisehishandfirst!


Name: 2.1

The Legend of Romulus and Remus

1. WhowasthefatherofRomulusandRemus?

A. ThekingofLatiumwasthefatherofRomulusandRemus.

B. ThegodMarswasthefatherofRomulusandRemus.

C. RheaSilviawasthefatherofRomulusandRemus.

D. ThegodMercurywasthefatherofRomulusandRemus.

Page _____

2. Whosawthetwinsasathreatandtriedtohavethemdrowned?

A. ThegodMarssawthetwinsasathreat.

B. RheaSilviasawthetwinsasathreat.

C. ThekingofLatiumsawthetwinsasathreat.

D. Aservantsawthetwinsasathreat.

Page _____

3. Whofoundandcaredforthetwinsaftertheywashedupontheriverbank?

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

Page _____


4. WhydidRomulusandRemusstartfighting?

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

Page _____

5. Whathappenedafterthefight?

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

Page _____

6. WhatdidthegovernmentofRomemaketohonorRomulusandRemus?

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

Page _____


Name: 2.2

Past, Present, and Future Tenses

Draw a wiggly line under the verb in each sentence. Remember, future tense has the word will preceding the verb. Then, write the words present, past, or future on the line after the sentence to show the verb tense.

1. WelearnedaboutancientRomeearlierthisyear.________________

2. Thefrogwillturnintoahandsomeprinceattheendofthefable.________________

3. Ourclassstudiedspellingaftergrammar.________________

4. At6:00thiseveningwewilleatsupper.________________

5. Attheendofthisyearwewillbecomefourthgraders!________________

6. Iwishuponastar.________________

7. Lukeplayedvideogamesalldayyesterday.________________

8. MyfriendsandIridethebustoschool.________________

9. Grandpatoldmestoriesyesterdayofwhenhewasalittleboy.________________

10. ThomasEdisoninventedmanythingsinhislifetime.________________


Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb listed.

11. Bill_______________thebirdcage.(clean,pasttense)

12. MarkandRobin_______________checkersovertheweekend.(play,futuretense)

13. Mrs.Watkins________________oneachstudentthismorningtospellaword.(call,pasttense)

14. Thetalentedphotographers________________theanimalswithoutdisturbingthem.(film,pasttense)

15. Thatpencil_____________tome!(belong,presenttense)

Fill in the following chart:

Present tense Past tense Future tense

Sally plays. Sally played. Sally will play.

Theboysjumped.

Ihope.

Westudied.

Thekittenwillyawn.

Thefiredamages.

Thechildrengathered.

Motherwilluse.

Grandmavisits.


Name: 2.3Take-HomeWorksheet

The Legend of Romulus and RemusWelearnedlasttimethatRomestartedasasmalltownandgrewtobecome

abigcity.Then,itgrewsomemoreuntilitbecameagreatempire.That’swhathistorianstellus.

TheRomansthemselveshaveastoryabouthowtheircitygotstartedthattheyliketotell.TheysaythatRomewasfoundedbytwinswhohadbeensavedbyawolf.

ThetwinswerenamedRomulusandRemus.TheywerethechildrenofawomannamedRheaSilviaandthegodMars.Theirmotherlovedthem,butherbrother,thekingofLatium,didnot.Hesawtheboysasathreat.Hethoughttheymightgrowupandtakehiscrownfromhim.ThekingtoldoneofhisservantstofindthetwinsanddrownthemintheTiberRiver.

Theservantfoundthetwins,buthecouldnotbringhimselftodrownthem.Instead,heputtheboysinabasket.Then,hesetthebasketintheriver.Thebasketfloateddownstream.Itdriftedanddrifteduntil,atlast,itwasheduponthebanksoftheriver.

Ashe-wolffoundthetwins.Shesawthattheywerehungry.Shetookthemtohercave.Thereshegavethemthesamemilkshefedtoherwolfpups.

Later,thetwinswereadoptedbyashepherd.Theshepherdraisedthemwell.Theygrewuptobesmartandstrong.

Whentheywere18,RomulusandRemusdecidedtocreateacityoftheirown.TheywantedtobuildacityonthebanksoftheTiber,somewhereamongthesevenhills,notfarfromwheretheyhadwashedashoreasbabies.

Soon,however,thebrothersbegantofight.“Let’sbuildourcityhere!”saidRomulus,pointingtoahill.“No!”saidRemus.“Thishilloverhereisamuchbetterspot.”Soeachbrotherstartedbuildinghisowncityonadifferenthill.Eachknewthat

itwouldbeimportanttohaveastrongwalltoprotectthecityhewasbuilding.Afterafewdays,RemusdecidedtovisitRomulustoseehowhiscitywascomingalong.


Ittakesalongtimetobuildacity,soRemusdidnotexpectRomulus’scitytobefinished.Hedecided,however,totaunthisbrotherandmadefunofhisunfinishedwall.“Youcallthatawall?”hesaid.“Thatwallwouldnotkeepanyoneout!”Then,tomakehispoint,hesteppedoverthewall.

ThatmadeRomulusangry.HeandRemusstartedtofight.Nolongerrememberingthattheywerefightingoneanother,RomulusandRemusbattledwithalltheirmight.Suddenly,Remuscollapsed,felltotheground,anddied.WhenRomulussawwhathehaddone,hebegantocry.Hehadnotwishedtokillhisbrother.HedugagraveforRemus.

Romuluswentonbuildinghiscity.HenameditRomeafterhimself.Therest,astheysay,ishistory.Romegrewandgrew.Itbecameagreatcity,the

centerofamightyempire.ThegovernmentofRomemadecoins.Thecoinsshowedtwoyoungboys

reachinguptotouchashe-wolf.ThepeopleofRomehandedthesecoinsbackandforth.Theyusedthemtobuyfoodanddrinks.Theyusedthemtopaybillsandbuyclothing.Andallofthemknewwhothetwoboysonthecoinwere:theywereRomulusandRemus,thelegendaryfoundersofRome.


Name: 2.4


Draw a wiggly line under the verb in each sentence. Remember, future tense has the word will preceding the verb. Write the words present, past, or future on the line after the sentence to show the verb tense.

1. Iwishuponastar._____________________

2. Lukeplayedvideogamesalldayyesterday.__________________

3. MyfriendsandIridethebustoschool.____________________

4. Grandpawillcomethisafternoontotellusstories.____________________

5. Themotherdogcaredforherpups.__________________


1. Bobby________________thedishwasherwiththedirtydishes.(fill,pasttense)

2. Mrs.SandersandMrs.White___________________acrosstheoceanonaboatnextsummer.(travel,futuretense)

3. Thenewrefrigerator____________________thefoodmuchbetterthantheoldone.(cool,presenttense)

4. Mybrother____________________withmeallthetime.(joke,presenttense)

Take-HomeWorksheet


5. Theblueandwhiteblossoms____________________soon.(open,futuretense)


Present tense Past tense Future tenseShe walks. She walked. She will walk.

Thedogbarked.Thecatscratches.

Thebunnywillsniff.


Name: 3.1

The Roman Gods, Part I

1. MatchuptheGreekgodswiththeirRomancounterpartsbyputtingtheappropriateletterintheblank.

_____Jupiter A.Dionysus

_____Juno B.Poseidon

_____Neptune C.Eros

_____Venus D.Athena

_____Mercury E.Zeus

_____Mars F.Ares

_____Cupid G.Apollo

_____Bacchus H.Hera

_____Minerva I.Aphrodite

_____Apollo J.Hermes

Page _____


2. WhatweapondidZeususeagainstthosewhoangeredhim?

A. Zeususedaspearagainstthosewhoangeredhim.

B. Zeususedatornadoagainstthosewhoangeredhim.

C. Zeususedathunderboltagainstthosewhoangeredhim.

D. Zeususedarrowsagainstthosewhoangeredhim.

Page _____

3. Whowasthegodofwar?

A. Mercurywasthegodofwar.

B. Bacchuswasthegodofwar.

C. Neptunewasthegodofwar.

D. Marswasthegodofwar.

Page _____

4. Whowasthemessengerofthegods?

A. Dianawasthemessengerofthegods.

B. Mercurywasthemessengerofthegods.

C. Vulcanwasthemessengerofthegods.

D. Bacchuswasthemessengerofthegods.

Page _____


3.2

Word Shelf

–ermeansa person who

teacher

farmer

painter

hunter

Name:


Name: 3.3

–er: Suffix Meaning “a person who”

teacher—(noun) a person who shows someone how to do somethingfarmer—(noun) a person who grows crops and raises animalspainter—(noun) a person who covers something with colored, liquid substance to make a picture or decoratehunter—(noun) a person who chases and kills wild animals for food or sport

Write the correct word to complete each sentence.

hunter singer teacher farmer painter player

1. Thestar_________________onthesoccerteamwaschosentotakethepenaltykickinhopesofwinningthegameforhisteam.

2. Afterheavyrainforafewdays,the_________________checkedtoseehowmanyofhisfieldswereflooded.

3. Thebandhadtofindsomeonetoreplacethe_________________sincenoneoftheotherbandmembershadagoodvoice.

4. A_________________cametoschooltopaintthewallsinthecafeteriaaftertheyhadtoberepaired.


5. Mygrandmother’sneighborisa_________________whohuntsdeerandcertainbirds.

Writeyourownsentenceusingtheonewordleftinthebox.

6.


3.4

Word Shelf

–ormeansa person who

actor

inspector

governor

counselor

Name:


Name: 3.5

–or: Suffix Meaning “a person who”

actor—(noun) a person who behaves in a particular way or performs on stageinspector—(noun) a person who examines carefullygovernor—(noun) a person who officially controls and leadscounselor—(noun) a person who gives advice to people about their problems


governor actor visitor counselor inspector sailor

1. Mybrother’s_________________atschoolgaveapresentationabouthowtohandlebullies,whichhesharedwithusathome.

2. An_________________thatmymomreallylikeshasbeeninmoviesandtelevisionshows.

3. The_________________hastocomeseveraltimestoseehowconstructionofournewhouseiscomingalongtodetermineifeverythingisbeingdoneasitshouldbe.

4. The_________________iscomingtotourourschoolandgiveapresentationnextmonthabouthisplantoimproveeducationinthestate.


5. Oneoftheactivitiesmysistertriedatsummercampwaslearningtobea_________________onasmallboatatthelake.


6.

futureSorry, lose a turn

present Ride the waterfall!

present future

Tree falls! Lose a

turn

present present past

future

present pastTake a card from your opponent

pastSorry, lose a turn

START

FINISH!

present future pastTake

another turn

past

future

Give a card to your

opponent

future

past

past

present past futureTake

another turn

present

Match Me If You

Can!

Match Me If You

Can!

3.6


Name: 3.7

Steve and Dan escaped the fire

just in time.

The new mother will name her

baby Don.

The crew worked through

the night.

Fran imagines a wonderful fairy

tale setting.

The fire engine zoomed by my

house.

The chef will fry the potatoes and onion rings for

supper.

The young child matches

her shirt to her pants.

I will show you my new puppy!

Father will take us to the movies this afternoon.


Name: 3.7

continued

Carla and Kevin tell funny jokes.

All of the children will sip their lemonade

on the hot, summer day.

The graceful dancer will leap high in the air.

The plant grows right before our

eyes.

The police car dashed around the corner after

the speeder.

We will try to spell our new spelling words

on Friday.

The pirates captured the

treasure.

Mother drives to work slowly.

Father called home to say he would be late.


Name: X.X3.8

Blank Busters

tarnish marbles immortal barbecueportion motor messenger slurpcirculate servant giraffe mirthturkey doctor sir

worship surgery swordChallenge Word:above

Challenge Word:beginningContent Word:Mediterranean

Fill in the blanks in the sentences with one of the spelling words from the chart. If needed, add a suffix to the end of a word in order for the sentence to make sense: –s, – es, –ies, –ed, –ing.

1. Manypeopleeat__________________fortheirThanksgivingdinner.

2. RomangodswerenotlikehumanbeingsbecauseRomangodswere__________________andlivedforever.

3. Tomhasthreefracturesinhisrightlegandhis__________________saidhehastohaveatleastthree__________________.

4. Mercurywasthe__________________ofthegods.

5. Everyoneintheclasssawseveral__________________atthezoo.

6. Blood__________________throughoutthebodydeliveringoxygentoallbodyparts.


7. Joshstartedthenotetohisteacher,Mr.Davis,saying,“Dear________________,Doyouthinkwecanhavea________________nextweekwithlotsofgoodfoodforourendofyearparty?”

8. SomepeoplegotochurchonSundayforweekly__________________services.

9. Whenthelargesilvercandlestick__________________,mymotherhastopolishit.

10. Myyoungerbrotherplayswithhiscolorful__________________andplastic,toy__________________.

Write three sentences using spelling words of your choice that were not used in the first ten sentences. Make sure to use correct capitalization and punctuation. You can use the Challenge Words or the Content Word in your sentences.

1.

2.

3.


Name: X.X3.9

The Roman Gods, Part ILet’slearnaboutthegodsandgoddessesofRome.TheancientRomansdidnotbelieveinonegodwhoruledtheentireworld.They

believedinmanygods.Inmanyways,theRomangodsactedlikehumanbeings.Theyateanddrank.

Theyplayedtricksoneachother.Theyfellinloveandgotintofights.Buttherewasonemainwayinwhichthegodswerenotlikehumanbeings:thegodswereimmortal.Humanbeingsmightliveformanyyears.Somemightevenlivetobeonehundred.Eventually,though,theywoulddie.Thegods,ontheotherhand,livedforever.Theydidnot—andcouldnot—die.

TheRomans’ideasabouttheirgodsweresimilartotheancientGreeks.Infact,theyworshippedmanyofthesamegodsastheGreeks,buttheycalledthosegodsbydifferentnames.ThechartshowstheRomannamesforsomeGreekgodsyoumayalreadyknow.

Thetopgod,sometimescalledthefatheroftheimmortals,wasastrong,beardedfigure.TheGreekscalledhimZeus.TheRomanscalledhimJupiter.

Jupiterwasamightygod.Hecarriedathunderboltthathecouldthrowatanyonewhoangeredhim.IfJupiterthrewhisthunderboltatyou,thatwastheendofyou.

JupiterlivedonMount Olympus,withtheothergods.JunowasJupiter’swife.Shewasthegoddessofmarriageandtheprotectorof

wives.TheRomangodswereallrelated.Theywerelikeabigfamily.Jupiter’sbrother

Neptunewasthegodoftheseasandoceans.TherearemanystatuesofNeptune.Inmostofthem,heisholdingaspecial,

three-prongedspearcalledatrident.Neptune’stridenthadmagicalpowers.Thegodcoulduseittostirupstormsandwaves.Hecouldalsowaveitoverthestormyseasandmaketheroughseassmooth.

Take-HomeWorksheet


RomansailorsprayedtoNeptune.“GreatNeptune!”theyprayed.“Sendusgoodweatherandsmoothsailing!”

Marswasthegodofwar.Soldierswouldpraytohimbeforeabigbattle.TheRomansfoughtalotofwars,sotheyspentalotoftimeprayingtoMars.

MercurywasoneofJupiterandJuno’ssons.Hewasthemessengerofthegods.Hewasasfastasaflash.Inpaintings,heisoftenshownwithwingsonhishatandhisshoes,toshowhowfasthewas.

Venuswasthegoddessoflove.Shewasverybeautiful.IfVenuswantedsomeonetofallinlove,shecouldsendhersonCupidona

mission.Cupidwouldshootthepersonwithoneofhismagicarrows.Thepersonwouldthenfallinlovewiththefirstpersonheorshesaw.

Cupidisstillwithustoday.YouwillseelittleCupidsallovertheplaceonValentine’sDay,whenwecelebratelove.

Mercury,Venus,Mars,Jupiter,andNeptunearethenamesofplanetsinoursolarsystem.TheseplanetsarenamedaftertheRomangods.Forexample,theplanetMarsisnamedafterMars,theRomangodofwar.


Name: X.X4.1

The Roman Gods, Part II

1. Whowastheblacksmithofthegods?

A. Vulcanwastheblacksmithofthegods.

B. Marswastheblacksmithofthegods.

C. Apollowastheblacksmithofthegods.

D. Dianawastheblacksmithofthegods.

Page _____

2. CirclethesentencethatdoesNOTdescribeApollo.

A. Apollowasthegodofthesun.

B. Apollowasthegodofwar.

C. Apollowasthegodofmusic.

D. Apollowasthegodofpoetry.

Page _____

3. Minervawasthegoddessof_______andherspecialanimalwasthe_______.

A. marriage,peacock

B. wisdom,lion

C. thesun,eagle

D. wisdom,owl

Page _____


4. Whowasthegoddessofthemoonandthehunt?

A. Minervawasthegoddessofthemoonandthehunt.

B. Venuswasthegoddessofthemoonandthehunt.

C. Dianawasthegoddessofthemoonandthehunt.

D. Junowasthegoddessofthemoonandthehunt.

Page _____

5. Whowasthegodofgrapesandwine?

A. Bacchuswasthegodofgrapesandwine.

B. Vulcanwasthegodofgrapesandwine.

C. Apollowasthegodofgrapesandwine.

D. Mercurywasthegodofgrapesandwine.

Page _____


Name: X.X4.2

The Verb to be

Using the present tense forms of the verb to be, fill in the blanks in the following story. You may use the words more than once.

am

is

are

Oh, To Be a Prince Again!Onceuponatimeanugly,greencreaturenamedFredtheFrogsathopefulthat

hisprincesswouldcomealongandgivehimamagickiss,sohecouldonceagainbeahandsomeprince.Hesatalldaylookingupanddowntheroadawaitinghisprincess!“I_____________SOugly!”hemoaned.“Whywon’tmyprincesscometogivemeakiss?”FredtheFrowningFroglookedattheotherfrogsinthepondandsaid,pitifully,“Allofyou_____________hideous!”Hethenturnedhisbackontheotherfrogsandfretted.

FredtheFretting,FrowningFrogshoutedtothetrees,theflowers,andanythingelsethatwouldlisten,“Aprinceshouldnothavetowaitsolong!Youtreesandflowers_____________nothelpfulatall!Can’tyousendformyprincess?This_____________takingtoolong!”

Justthen,alongcameagrandcarriagecarryinghisprincess.FredtheFaithful,Forward-LookingFroghoppedtothemiddleoftheroadandstooduptallandimportant(andhopefullyregal)ashesaid,“OhmyPrincess,you_____________justintime!Theotherfrogsinthispond_____________drivingmecrazy!ComegivemeakisssoIcanchangebackintoyourhandsomeprince.”

PaulathePrettyPrincesskissedFredtheFestiveFrogandhemagicallytransformedintoPetertheProudPrince.Theylivedhappilyeverafter.

The End


Write a short story using your imagination and the forms of the verb to be (am, is, are). Add a title to your story.

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Name: X.X4.3

Word Clues for Suffixes –er and –or

Choose a word from the box to answer each question and write the word on the blank.

inspector hunter counselor governor player teacher

1. IamamemberofthebasketballteamandIparticipateingamesfortheteam,workingwithmyteammatestohelptheteamdoitsbest.WhoamI?_____________________________

2. Ichaseandkillwildanimalsforfoodandsportduringtheseasonwhenthisispermitted.WhoamI?_____________________________

3. Ilookatthingsverycloselytoexaminethem,makingsuretherearenoerrorsorproblems.WhoamI?_____________________________

4. Igiveadvicetopeopleabouttheirproblemstotryandhelpthemworkthingsout.WhoamI?_____________________________

5. Ishowstudentshowtodosomething,likeaddlargenumbers,readdifficultbooks,orconductscienceexperiments.WhoamI?_____________________________


6. Iofficiallycontrolandleadthestategovernmentandhelplawmakersandotherswhoworktomakethestaterunsmoothly.WhoamI?_____________________________

Create your own word clue for the words below.

1. Word:sailorClue:______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________WhoamI?

2. Word:farmerClue:______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________WhoamI?


Name: X.X

Word Sort

First, read each word in the line beside the number. Then, circle the letters that have the same sound as the header. Finally, write only the words that follow the r-controlled spelling pattern on the lines immediately below the header. You may not need to use every line.

1.dollar remarks beware pear apart teacher

‘ar’ > /ar/________________________________________________________________________________________

2.scorch board forget store borrowed correct

‘or’ > /or/________________________________________________________________________________________

3.worm gourd horror bore professor sorrow

‘or’ > /er/________________________________________________________________________________________

4.4


4.merit certify farmer sneer berry nervous

‘er’ > /er/________________________________________________________________________________________

5.purify turf concur eureka turnip Taurus

‘ur’ > /er/________________________________________________________________________________________

6.squirt inspire iron birch flair circus

‘ir’ > /er/________________________________________________________________________________________


Name: X.X4.5

The Roman Gods, Part IIGoodmorning,class!LasttimewelearnedaboutsomeoftheRomangodsand

goddesses.Today,I’dliketotellyouaboutafewmoregodsandgoddesses.Vulcanwastheblacksmithofthegods.Hemeltedironandothermetals.Then,

heshapedthemetaltomakeasword,ahelmet,orashield.Vulcanwasthegodoffireandvolcanoes.Apollowasthegodofthesun.Hewasalsothegodofmusicandpoetry.ApolloisanothergodwhowasworshippedbyboththeGreeksandtheRomans.

HehadafamousshrineatDelphi,inGreece.WhentheGreeksandRomanswantedadvice,theywouldsendmessengerstoDelphi.ThepriestessofApollowouldgivethemananswer.Itwasalmostneveraclearanswer,though.Often,itwasmorelikeariddlethattheyhadtofigureoutontheirown.

Minervawasthegoddessofwisdom.Shewasalsothegoddessofcraftsandweaving.

Accordingtolegend,Minervawasnotbornintheusualway.Oneday,Jupitercomplainedofaheadache.Then—presto!—Minervasprang,fullygrown,fromhishead.

Minerva’sspecialanimalwastheowl.Sometimesshewaspaintedwithanowlperchedonhershoulder.

Dianawasthegoddessofthemoon.Shewasalsothegoddessofthehunt.Instatues,sheisoftenshownasayounggirl,withabowandarrow.Sometimes,thesculptorwillalsoshowoneofherdogsoradeer.

BacchuswastheRomangodofgrapesandwine.Hewasfollowedbywomenandsatyrs,whowerehalfmanandhalfgoat.

AfamousstorytellshowpiratestriedtokidnapBacchus.Thatwasabigmistake.Thegodtransformedhimselfintoalion.Heturnedtheboatintoalushgarden.Asforthepirates,hechangedthemintodolphinsandsentthemsplashingawayintheocean.

Take-HomeWorksheet


Name: X.X4.6

Practice the Verb to be

Write the correct word on the blank in each sentence.

1. LillyandLaura(am, are, is)

bestfriends.

2. Mypetturtle(am, are, is)

namedTommytheTurtle.

3. MyfatherandI(am, are, is)

bothhappypeople.

4. I(am, are, is)

nineyearsold!

5.(Am, Are, Is)

youcominginthehouse?

Rewrite the five sentences above in the past tense.

1.

2.

Take-HomeWorksheet


3.

4.

5.


Name: X.X5.1

Spelling Assessment

As your teacher calls out the words, write them under the correct header.

‘or’ > /or/ ‘ir’ > /er/ ‘ar’ > /ar/

__________________ __________________ __________________

__________________ __________________ __________________

__________________ __________________ __________________

__________________ __________________ __________________

‘ur’ > /er/ ‘or’ > /er/ ‘er’ > /er/

__________________ __________________ __________________

__________________ __________________ __________________

__________________ __________________ __________________

__________________ __________________ __________________Challenge Word:______________________________

Challenge Word:_______________________________

Content Word:_________________________________


Dictated Sentences

1. __________________________________________________________________________________

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2. __________________________________________________________________________________

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Name: X.X5.2

Anticipation Guide: Cupid and Psyche, Parts I and II

Before reading the chapter, fill in the boxes in the ‘Before’ column of the guide with ‘yes’ or ‘no’. If you think the statement is true, write ‘yes’. If you think the statement is not true, write ‘no’. If you are having trouble deciding, write ‘don’t know’.

After reading, go back and fill in the boxes in the ‘After’ column. If the statement is true, write ‘yes’. If the statement is not true, write ‘no’ and then write what really happened.

Before Reading Questions After ReadingVenusandPsychewerefriendswhogotalongwell.

Cupidusedhisbowandarrowtoshootpeoplesotheywouldfallinlove.

PsychewenttotheTiberRivertomeetCupid.

CupidandPsychespenteverydaytogether.

CupidleftPsychebecauseshedidnottrusthim.

VenusaskedPsycheforhelp.

VenusaskedPsychetocompletetwodifferenttasks.

PsychelistenedtoProserpinaanddidnotlookinsidethebox.

CupidsavedPsychefromthespell.

PsycheandCupidneversaweachotheragain.


Name: X.X5.3

Cupid and Psyche, Part I

1. WhatdidVenustellCupidtodotoPsyche?

A. VenustoldCupidtomakePsychefallinlovewithhim.

B. VenustoldCupidtotrapPsycheinamountainpalace.

C. VenustoldCupidtomakePsychefallinlovewiththeugliestmanonEarth.

D. VenustoldCupidtomakePsychelookextremelyugly.Page _____

2. WhathappenedwhenCupidwentouttodohismother’sbidding?

A. CupidaccidentlyprickedhimselfwithhisarrowandfellinlovewithPsyche.

B. CupidmadePsychefallinlovewiththeugliestmanonEarth.

C. CupidaccidentallymadePsychefallinlovewithastatue.

D. Cupidfeltbadlyandwasnotabletocarryouthismother’swishes.Page _____

3. WhydidPsycheclimbupamountain?

A. PsycheclimbedupamountaintotrytofindCupid.

B. Psycheclimbedupamountainbecauseshewastoldthatshewastomeetherhusbandthere.

C. Psycheclimbedupamountainsoshecouldbecomeagoddess.

D. Psycheclimbedupamountainbecausesheranawayfromherfamily.Page _____


4. WhydidCupidonlyvisitPsycheatnight?

A. Cupidonlyvisitedatnightbecausehewasonlyabletoflyatnight.

B. CupidonlyvisitedatnightbecauseVenuswouldonlylethimseePsycheatnight.

C. CupidonlyvisitedatnightbecausenoonecouldknowthathewasvisitingPsyche.

D. CupidonlyvisitedatnightbecausehewasahideousmonsterandhedidnotwantPsychetoseehim.

Page _____

5. WhathappenedafterPsychediscoveredwhoherhusbandwasandhewokeup?

A. Psychegotscaredandranaway.

B. Cupidflewawayandthepalacevanishedintothinair.

C. VenusappearedandmadeCupiddisappear.

D. CupidandPsychewenttoJupitertogetmarried.

Page _____


Name: X.X5.4

Use Guide Words

Read the guide words in the box. Circle the words from the list below the box that would go on the same page as the guide words.

1. servant surgery

savor shortcut

silver slurp

tarnish sir

reserve swimmer

2. servant sword

sturdy scarf

sarcastic snarl

suffer stammer

squirm symbol

3. tarnish turkey

Thor tumbler

torch thorax

tailor twirl

temper typewriter


Name: X.X6.1

Cupid and Psyche, Part II

1. WhodidPsycheasktohelpherfindCupid?

A. PsycheaskedJupitertohelpherfindCupid.

B. PsycheaskedVenustohelpherfindCupid.

C. PsycheaskedherfathertohelpherfindCupid.

D. PsycheaskedProserpinatohelpherfindCupid.

Page _____

2. WhohelpedPsychesortthegrainintodifferentpiles?

A. VenushelpedPsychesortthegrainintodifferentpiles.

B. AmysteriousmanhelpedPsychesortthegrainintodifferentpiles.

C. NoonehelpedPsychesortthegrainintodifferentpiles

D. AnarmyofantshelpedPsychesortthegrainintodifferentpiles.

Page _____

3. WholiftedthesleepingspellfromPsyche?

A. CupidliftedthesleepingspellfromPsyche.

B. VenusliftedthesleepingspellfromPsyche.

C. ProserpinaliftedthesleepingspellfromPsyche.

D. Jupiterliftedthesleepingspellfrompsyche.

Page _____


4. WhathappenedtoPsycheaftershedrankambrosia?

A. Psychefellsenselesstotheground.

B. Psychelosthermemoryandforgotwhoshewas.

C. PsychebecameanimmortalandmarriedCupid.

D. PsychebecameanimmortalandmarriedJupiter.

Page _____


Name: X.X6.2

Dear Family Member,


Spelling Words

Thisweek,wewillbereviewingtwospellingsforthesoundof/ee/.Yourchildlearnedhowtoreadandspellwordswiththesepatternsinfirstandsecondgrades,sothisshouldbeareview.OnFriday,yourchildwillbeassessedonthesewords.

StudentshavebeenassignedtwoChallengeWords,exceptandfollow.ChallengeWordsarewordsusedveryoften.TheseChallengeWordsdonotfollowingspellingpatternsandneedtobememorized.Thesetwowordswillbeontheassessment.

TheContentWordforthisweekisPsyche.Thiswordisdirectlyrelatedtothematerialthatwearereadingandalsofollowsthevowelpatternsyourchildisreviewing.TheContentWordisanoptionalspellingwordforyourchild.Ifyourchildwouldliketotryitbutgetsitincorrect,itwillnotcountagainsthimorheronthetest.Weencourageeveryonetostretchthemselvesabitandtrytospellthisword.

Take-HomeWorksheet



1. Greeks

2. meter

3. Venus

4. asleep

5. secret

6. agreed

7. seed

8. succeeded

9. cedar

10. breed

11. create

12. jamboree

13. speech

14. degree

15. retail

16. screech

17. scenic

18. tedious

19. Challenge Word: except

20. Challenge Word: follow

Content Word: Psyche

Student Reader

ThechaptersyourchildwillreadincludethemythaboutCupidandPsycheandthelegendofDamocles.Then,theywilllearnabouttheearlyhistoryandgovernmentofRomeandthebattlesthatHannibalfoughtagainstRome.

Studentswillcontinuetotakehometextcopiesofthechaptersinthereader.Encouragingstudentstoreadatextdirectlyrelatedtothisdomain-basedunitwillprovidecontentandvocabularyreinforcement.Pleaseremindyourchildthatthecopyoftheglossarytheybroughthomelastweekcanbeusedtofindthemeaningoftheboldedwords.


Name: X.X6.3Take-HomeWorksheet

Cupid and Psyche, Part ITheRomans,liketheGreeks,hadmanymythstheylikedtotell.Someofthese

werestoriesaboutthegods.Somewerestoriesaboutheroes.Somewerelovestories.ThemythIamgoingtosharewithyouisalovestory.

Oncetherewasakingwhohadthreedaughters.Allthreewerelovely,buttheyoungest,whosenamewasPsyche[SIE-kee],wassobeautifulthatwordscouldnotdescribeher.ShewassobeautifulthatpeoplebegantosayshewasmorebeautifulthanthegoddessVenus.

VenusheardaboutPsyche.Shewasmadwithjealousy.Wasshe,agoddess,tobeforgottenonaccountofsomeyoung,prettygirl?Shesworethatwouldneverhappen!

Venuswenttoherson,Cupid.“Myson,”shesaid,“punishthatgirl!Shootherwithoneofyourarrows.Make

herfallinlovewiththeugliestmanonEarth.”Cupidsetofftodo his mother’s bidding.Hetookhisbowandarrowand

flewdowntoEarth.HetookaimatPsyche.Atthelastminute,though,hisfingerslipped.InsteadofshootingPsyche,heprickedhimself.SoCupidfellinlovewithPsyche.

CupidcameupwithaplanthatwouldlethimvisitPsycheinsecret.HesentamessagetoPsyche’sfamily.ItsaidthatthegodshadchosenahusbandforPsyche.Psychewasorderedtoclimbtothetopofamountain,whereshewouldmeetherhusband.Shewasalsotoldthatherhusbandwasnotaman,butaterriblemonster.

Psychewasbrave.Shebegantoclimbthemountain.Halfwayup,shefeltawarmwindsurroundher.Suddenly,shefoundherselfinamagnificentpalace,withfountainsandgardensallaround.

Atfirst,Psychewasalone.Whennightfell,shelaydownonabed.Duringthenight,Cupidvisitedher.Hetoldherhewasthehusbandthegodshadchosenforher.Cupidstayedallnight.HetreatedPsychetenderlybutheleftbeforethesunrose.

Nightafternight,CupidcametovisitPsyche.Hecameonlyatnightandhe


alwaysleftbeforethesunrose.Psycheknewhimonlyinthedarkness,butsheacceptedhimasherhusband.

Onenight,Psycheaskedherhusbandwhyhecameonlyatnight,whenshecouldnotseehim.

“Whydoyouwishtoseeme?”Cupidreplied.“WhatdoesitmatterwhatIlooklike?Iloveyou.Itreatyouwell.AllIaskisthatyouloveme.”

Psycheunderstoodherhusband’swords.Still,shewascurious.Whowasherhusband?Whatdidhelooklike?Whydidhehide?Washereallyaterriblemonster?Shefeltthatshehadtofindout.

Onenight,Psychewaiteduntilherhusbandfellasleep.Thenshegotupandlitalamp.Shecarriedthelamptothebedandlifteditup.Whatshesawwasnomonster,butthelovelyfaceofCupidhimself.Herhandtrembledwithdelightandadropofhotoilfellfromthelamp.TheoillandedonCupid’sshoulderandawokehim.

CupidlookedupatPsychewithsadeyes.“Iaskedonlyforyourtrust,”hesaid,“butthisactofyoursshowsthatyoudonottrustme.Whentrustisgone,lovemustdepart.”

Then,Cupidflewaway.ThepalacevanishedintothinairandPsychewasleftalone.



Cupid and Psyche, Part IIWhenCupidleftPsyche,Psychewasverysad.ShetriedtofindCupid.She

wanderednightandday.Butshecouldnotfindherlostlove.Atlast,PsychewenttothetempleofVenus.Shebeggedthegoddesstohelpher

findCupid.Venuswasnoteagertohelp.ShewasstilljealousofPsycheandherbeauty.She

gavePsycheatask,confidentthegirlcouldnevercompleteit.SheledPsychetoahugepileofgrain.Inthepilewerewheat,millet,barley,andlentils,allmixedup.

“Sortthegrainsintostacksbymorning,”Venusordered.Then,withalaugh,shedisappeared.

Psychesawthatthereweremillionsofseeds.Sheknewtherewasnowayshecouldfinishthetask.Shesatdownandbegantocry.Then,somethingwonderfulhappened.Throughhertears,Psychenoticedaseedmoving,thenanother,andthenmanymore.Anarmyofantshadcometoaid her.Eachantwascarryingaseed.Together,theysortedseedsintoseparatepiles.

Inthemorning,Venuswassurprisedtofindtheworkdone.“Yournexttaskwillnotbesoeasy!”shesaid.“Takethisboxtotheunderworld

andaskthequeenofthatrealm,Proserpina[pro-SER-pee-nə],tosendmealittleofherbeauty.”

Psyche’sheartsank.Nohumanhadevervisitedtheunderworldandreturnedtotellthetale.Justthen,avoicespoketoher.

“Takeacoinfortheboatman,”thevoicesaid.“Ifyoupayhim,hewillcarryyouacrosstherivertotheunderworld.Takeacake,aswell.Ifyougivethecaketothethree-headeddogwhoguardstheunderworld,hewillletyoupass.Aboveall,onceProserpinahasplacedbeautyinthebox,donotopenit!”

Psycheobeyedthemysteriousvoice.ShetraveledsafelytotheunderworldandProserpinagavehertheboxofbeautyforVenus.

Psychecouldnothelpwonderingwhatwasinsidethebox.Sheliftedthelidandpeekedinside.Adeepsleepcameoverher.Shefellsenselesstotheground.


Luckily,Cupidwaswatching.AlthoughhewasdisappointedinPsyche,hewasstillverymuchinlovewithher.Whenhesawherlyingontheground,hetookpityonher.HeliftedthesleepingspellandPsycheawoke.

“Seewhatcuriositygetsyou?”Cupidsaid.HesmiledatPsyche.Psychesmiledback.

PsychedeliveredtheboxtoVenus.CupidwenttoJupiterandbeggedtomarryPsychewithJupiter’sblessing.

Jupiteragreed.HeallowedPsychetodrinkambrosia,thedrinkofthegods.Psychebecameimmortal.SoCupidandPsycheweremarriedandlivedhappilyeverafter.


Name: X.X7.1

The Sword of Damocles

1. WhatRomanwritermadethelegendoftheswordofDamoclesfamous?

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2. WhodoesDamoclesswitchplaceswith?

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Page _____


3. WhatdoesthekingwantDamoclestounderstandabouttheswordhangingoverhishead?

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Page _____

4. Whatdoyouthinkwouldbethehardestpartaboutbeingakingorqueen?

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Page _____


Name: X.X

Practicing the Verb to have


1. CarlandDan (have, has)

awoodworkingshoptogether.

2. Carl (have, has)

theabilitytobuildbeautifulfurniture.

3. Theirshop (have, has)

manyroomsandshowcasesofwoodentables,chairs,andshelves.

4. MyfamilyandI (have, has)

takenmanytripstoseetheirshop.

5. (Have, Has)

youeverseenCarlandDan’sshopbefore?

Rewrite the five sentences above in past tense.

1. _________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

2. _________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

3. _________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

7.2


4. __________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

5. __________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________


Name: X.X7.3

Write a Response to “Cupid and Psyche, Part I”

Reading Excerpt from “Cupid and Psyche, Part I”From page 54 of “Cupid and Psyche, Part I”

Venuswenttoherson,Cupid.“Myson,”shesaid,“punishthatgirl!Shootherwithoneofyourarrows.Make

herfallinlovewiththeugliestmanonEarth.”Cupidsetofftodohismother’sbidding.Hetookhisbowandarrowand

flewdowntoEarth.HetookaimatPsyche.Atthelastminute,though,hisfingerslipped.InsteadofshootingPsyche,heprickedhimself.SoCupidfellinlovewithPsyche.

CupidcameupwithaplanthatwouldlethimvisitPsycheinsecret.HesentamessagetoPsyche’sfamily.ItsaidthatthegodshadchosenahusbandforPsyche.Psychewasorderedtoclimbtothetopofthemountain,whereshewouldmeetherhusband.Shewasalsotoldthatherhusbandwasnotamanbutaterriblemonster.


Writing Prompt: ExplainwhyCupidhadtovisitPsycheinsecret.IncludeexactdetailstoshowwhyyouthinkhehadtovisitPsycheinsecretorwhyhedidn’tneedtovisitherinsecretbutdidsoanyway.

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Name: X.X7.4

The Sword of DamoclesHaveyoueverwishedyouwereaking?Doesthatseemlikethebestjobaperson

couldhave?Well,beforeyoudecideforsure,listentothislegendthatwasmadefamousbytheRomanwriterCicero[SIS-er-oe]morethantwothousandyearsago.

Damocles[DA-mə-kleez]wasafriendofDionysius[die-ə-NIS-ee-us],thekingofSyracuse,acityinsouthernItaly.Damoclesenviedhisfriend.Hebelievedthatthekinghadaverygoodlife.Hehadalltherichesandpowerhecouldwant.Whatcouldbebetter?

“YouthinkI’mlucky?”Dionysiussaidtohimoneday.“Ifyouthinkso,let’stradeplaces.Yousithere,onthethrone.Tryitforjustoneday.Then,tellmeifyoustillthinkI’mlucky.”

Damoclesacceptedhisfriend’sinvitation.Hewaseagertolivethelifeofaking.Whenthedaycame,Damoclesorderedservantstobringhimfinerobes.He

hadthemsetoutagreatbanquetoffood.Heorderedexpensivewineandfinemusic.Hesatback,surethathewasthehappiestmanintheworld.

Then,helookedup.Hecaughthisbreathinfear.Abovehisheadwasasword.Itwasdanglingfromtheceiling,heldbyasinglestrandofhorse’shair.Damoclescouldnotspeak.Hecouldnoteat.Hecouldnotenjoythemusic.Hecouldnotevenmove.

“Whatisthematter,myfriend?”askedDionysius.“HowcanIconductmylifewiththatswordhangingaboveme?”Damocles

asked.“Howindeed?”answeredDionysius.“Nowyouknowhowitfeelstobeking.

Thatswordhangsovermyheadeveryminuteofeveryday.Thereisalwaysthechancethethreadwillbreak.Anadvisormayturnonme.Anenemyspymayattackme.Imightmakeanunwisedecisionthatbringsmydownfall.Yousee,myfriend,withpowercomesdanger.”

Take-HomeWorksheet


Word Shelf

–ist meansa person who plays or makes

organist

novelist

cartoonist

violinist

8.1Name:


Name: X.X8.2

–ist: Suffix Meaning “a person who plays or makes”

organist—(noun) a person who plays a musical instrument similar to a piano but larger and with more keyboardsnovelist—(noun) a person who makes or writes fictional bookscartoonist—(noun) a person who makes drawings that are intended to be funnyviolinist—(noun) a person who plays a musical instrument with four strings that is held under the chin and played with a bow


violinist guitarist artist novelist organist cartoonist

1. The_________________whodrewSnoopyandCharlieBrownwasnamedCharlesSchulz.

2. Mycousin’sbandhasaleadsinger,adrummer,abassist,anda_________________.

3. Carla’sfavorite_________________isworkingonanewbookwithcharactersshehaswrittenaboutbefore.

4. Themusicdepartmentatthesmallcollegeinmytownoffersmusiclessonsgivenbya_________________wholikesteachingchildrenhowtousethebowtomakemusic.


5. The_________________atthetheaterplayedsongsusingbothkeyboardsbeforetheshowstarted.


6.


Word Shelf

–ianmeansa person who is skilled in

pediatrician

magician

comedian

politician

8.3Name:


Name: X.X8.4

–ian: Suffix Meaning “a person who is skilled in”

pediatrician—(noun) a person who is skilled in the branch of medicine dealing with babies and childrenmagician—(noun) a person who is skilled in doing impossible things by saying special words or performing special actionscomedian—(noun) a person who is skilled in doing things that make people laughpolitician—(noun) a person skilled in activity involved with government


magician musician pediatrician politician comedian mathematician

1. The_________________wonaprizeforhissolutiontothemathproblemthatothershadstruggledwithforalongtime.

2. Duringtheparty,a_________________didmagictricksinthebackyardtotheamazementofallthechildrenthere.

3. Onefamous_________________didafewshowsforpeoplewhohadlosttheirhomestofloodstogivethemsomethingfunnytothinkaboutforalittlewhile.

4. One_________________accusedanotheroflyingabouthisfundraisingrecordwhileheservedinoffice.


5. The_________________saidmybrotherhasstrepthroatandhehastostayhomefromschool.


6.


Name: X.X8.5

Blank Busters

Greeks asleep breed screechVenus agreed jamboree scenicsecret succeeded speech tediousseed cedar degree

meter create retailChallenge Word:exceptChallenge Word:followContent Word:Psyche

Fill in the blanks in the sentences below with one of the spelling words from the chart. If needed, add a suffix to the end of a word in order for the sentence to make sense: –s, –es, –ies, –ed, or –ing.

1. The___________________,liketheRomans,hadmanymythstheylikedtotell.

2. Venuswasjealousof___________________andherbeauty.

3. MichaelandJoe___________________alotofnoiselastnightduringtheyearly___________________.

4. Didyouheartheowl___________________lastnightinthe___________________trees?

5. Alongtimeago,manyRomans___________________thatarepublicwasthebestkindofgovernmenttheircountrycouldhave.

6. Manypoliticiansaregiving___________________fortheirfavoritecandidates.


7. Jennawasalmost___________________whenhersisterwhisperedinhereartotellhertwo___________________.Jennaasked,“Ican’ttellanyone?”

8. Myuncleoftentakesthe___________________routessohecanstoptoenjoythebreath-takingviews.

9. Writingourspellingwords50timeswouldbea___________________job.

10. Several___________________werescatteredbythewindyesterday.

Write three sentences using spelling words of your choice that were not used in the first ten sentences. Make sure to use correct capitalization and punctuation. You can use the Challenge Words or the Content Word in your sentences.

1.

2.

3.


Name: X.X9.1

The Roman Republic

If a statement describes the Roman Republic, write republic on the line. If a statement describes a government with a king, write monarchy on the line.

1. Onemanheldalmostallofthepower.__________________Page _____

2. Romancitizenswereabletoselectorelectmenformostpositionsinthegovernment.___________________

Page _____

3. Menwereelectedtoserveforalimitedperiodoftime.____________________

Page _____

4. Afterrulingforthirtyorfortyyears,arulerwasusuallyreplacedbyhisoldestson.____________________

Page _____

5. Powertomakedecisionswasdividedamongseveralmen.____________________

Page _____


Answer the following question on the blanks provided.

6. WhatwastheSenate’sjobintheRomanrepublic?

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

Page _____


Name: X.X9.2

Grammar Review

See the “What is it? What was it? Riddles” below. For the first riddle, change the present tense sentences to past tense. For the second riddle, change the past tense sentences to present tense.

Example:

What is it? Riddle (present tense) What was it? Riddle (past tense)

Itismadeofwood. Itwasmadeofwood.

Itislongandpointedatoneend. Itwaslongandpointedatoneend.

Ithascolorfulpaintonit. Ithadcolorfulpaintonit.Ierasemistakeswithit. Ierasedmistakeswithit.Itwritesgreatstories. Itwrotegreatstories.

What is it? and What was it? apencil


Isitontheseatandpushoff. ____________________________

ItflieshighupandbackandIholdontightly. ____________________________

Ienjoybeingonit. ____________________________

MyhairswishesbackandforthwhenIride. ____________________________

Itisontheplayground. ____________________________

What is it? and What was it? ____________________________



____________________________ Ithadlotsofpages.

____________________________ Theauthorwroteitwhenhewasyounger.

____________________________ Anillustratorpaintedthepicturesinit.

____________________________ Ithad45chapters!

____________________________ Ireaditmanytimes.


Complete each sentence with the correct present tense form of the verb in parentheses.

1. Thefish_________________inthelakeswimmingaround.(be)

2. Themorning_________________finallybegun.(have)

3. Thesun_________________upoverthetreetops.(be)

4. Canoesandrafts_________________onthewateralready.(be)

5. Thechildren_________________theirfriendswiththem.(have)

6. Today_________________agreatdayatSmithPond!(be)


Name: X.X9.2 continued

Circle the correct form of the verb for each sentence.

1. InScienceclass,we(discuss,discusses)animalsandtheirhabitats.

2. Students(talk,talks)excitedlyasanimals(am,is,are)afavoritetopic.

3. Julie(suggest,suggests)wegoonafieldtriptothezoo.

4. Mrs.Jones,ourteacher,(say,says)shewilllookintogettingabustotakeustothezoo.

5. Thewholeclass(thank,thanks)Julieforherwonderfulsuggestion.

Write sentences using the following verbs:

1. fixed

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

2. teaches

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________


Name: 9.3

Practice Using Suffixes –ist and –ian

Read each sentence. Decide which word from the box replaces the underlined meaning and write it on the line. Write the part of speech for the word as well.

mathematician magician violinists artist musician cartoonist

1. Mycousinisapersonwhomakesdrawingsthatareintendedtobefunnyforhiscollegenewspaperandhemakesreallyfunnyimages!

Word:___________________ PartofSpeech:_______________________

2. Therewasapersonwhoisskilledindoingimpossiblethingsbysayingspecialwordsorperformingspecialactionsattheneighborhoodcarnivalwhodidtrickswithcards,scarves,andevenabird.


3. Apersonwhoisskilledinthestudyofnumbers,amounts,shapes,andmeasurementsandtheirrelationtoeachotherfromthelocalcollegecametocamplastsummertoworkwithstudentsonhardproblems.


4. Duringtwoofthesongsattheorchestraconcert,thepeoplewhoplayamusicalinstrumentwithfourstringsthatisheldunderthechinandplayedwithabowsatstillanddidnotplaywhiletherestoftheorchestrakeptgoing.



5. Thepersonwhomakessomethingthatisskillfullycreatedforotherstoenjoyortoexpressideaswholivesnextdoorsometimesworksoutsideonherpatio,creatingpiecestodisplayingalleriesoratfestivals.


6. Aidenisaverytalentedpersonwhomakessoundsbyvoiceorinstrumentsandarrangestheminawaythatispleasingtohearwhocanplaymanydifferentinstruments.


Write your own sentence for each word provided using the definition. Underline the definition.

1. Word:comedian PartofSpeech:noun

2. Word:guitarist PartofSpeech:noun


Name: 9.4

Word Sort

Read the words in the box and circle the vowels that have the /ee/ sound. Write the words under each header that match the header’s spelling pattern.

‘e’ > /ee/ ‘ee’ > /ee/

______________________ ______________________

______________________ ______________________

______________________ ______________________

______________________ ______________________

______________________ ______________________

______________________ ______________________

decal meager

metal been

leotard weekend

steel egret

penalize meter

reeling meeting

scent knock

fringe below

scene


Name: X.X9.5

The Roman RepublicFormanyyears,Romewasgovernedbykings.Someofthesekings

weregoodmenwhoruledwell.SomewerebadmenwhotreatedtheRomanspoorly.

OneofthekingswassobadheconvincedtheRomansthattheyshouldgetridofkingsaltogether.HisnamewasTarquin.TheRomanscalledhimTarquintheProud.Tarquinwasatyrant.Hewasacruelrulerwhotreatedthepeoplebadly.Intheend,thepeoplegotsomadatTarquinthattheyjoinedtogetheranddrovehimout.

OnceKingTarquinhadbeendrivenout,theRomanssetupadifferentsortofgovernment.Theysetuparepublic—akindofgovernmentwithnokings.

OneofthemostimportantpartsoftheRomanrepublicwastheSenate.TheSenatewasagroupofoldermenwhomettomakedecisionsandpasslaws.Manyofthesenatorswerefromold,wealthyfamilies.AlmostallofthemhadfoughtinthearmyandearnedthetrustoftheirfellowRomans.

Eachyear,thepeoplewouldelecttwomentoserveasconsuls.Tobechosenasaconsulwasagreathonor.ItwasthemostpowerfulpositionintheRomanrepublic.

Romewasarepublic,butitwasnotademocracy.Somepeopleplayedaroleinthegovernment,butmanymoreplayednoroleatall.

IntheearlyyearsoftheRomanrepublic,onegroupheldmostofthe

Take-HomeWorksheet


power.Thesewerethepatricians.ThewordpatriciancomesfromtheLatinwordpater,orfather.Thepatriciansthoughtofthemselvesasthefathersofthepeople.Theyfeltthatitwastheirjobtotakecareofthepeopleinthesamewaythatparentstakecareoftheirchildren.Thepatricianswerefromwealthy,oldfamilies.AllofthemenintheSenatewerepatricians.Intheearlydaysoftherepublic,themenselectedtobeconsulswerealsopatricians.

Therestofthepeople—theoneswhowerenotpatricians—werecalledplebeians.Theplebeianswerethepoorerpeople.Intheearlyyearsoftherepublic,theyhadverylittlepower.

TheRomanrepubliclastedformorethanfivehundredyears.ManyRomanslovedtherepublic.Theythoughtitwasthebestkindofgovernmentacountrycouldhave.Theywere,however,nottheonlyoneswhothoughtso.

TheFounding Fathers of the United Statesalsobelievedarepublicwasthebestkindofgovernment.WhenthecoloniesdeclaredtheirindependencefromGreatBritainin1776,theybrokeawayfromaking(KingGeorgeIII)andsetuparepublic.TheycreatedaSenatethatwasmodeledontheRomanSenate.TheycreatedapresidentwhowasalotliketheRomanconsuls.TheyevenbuiltgovernmentbuildingsthatlookedlikeancientRomanbuildings.SoyoucanseethatRomanideasaboutgovernmenthavehadabiginfluenceallaroundtheworld.


Name: X.X10.1

Spelling Assessment


‘ee’ > /ee/ ‘e’ > /ee/

__________________ __________________

__________________ __________________

__________________ __________________

__________________ __________________

__________________ __________________

__________________ __________________

__________________ __________________

__________________ __________________

__________________ __________________

__________________ __________________

Challenge Word:__________________

Challenge Word:__________________

Content Word: __________________


Dictated Sentences

1. __________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

2. __________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________


Name: X.X10.2

Hannibal Crosses the Alps

Choose the best answer. Be sure to read carefully.

1. WhydidtheRomansseetheCarthaginiansasrivals?

A. Theytraveledonhorseback.

B. TheyusedtheirnavyandarmytotakeovermuchofNorthAfrica,Spain,andislandsoffthecoastofItaly.

C. Carthagehadmanymerchantsandtraders.

D. TheCarthaginianswerestrangers.

Page _____

2. WhydidHannibalfightintheSecondPunicWar?

A. Hewasabraveleader.

B. Hehadtensofthousandsoffootsoldiers.

C. HepromisedhisfatherhewouldcarryonthefightagainstRome.

D. Helovedachallenge.

Page _____


3. WhydidHannibalhavetocrosstheAlps?

A. AlloftheCarthaginianboatshadsunk.

B. ItwaswinterandthelargeroadacrosstheAlpswastheonlysafewaytogettoRome.

C. HewasleadinghisarmyfromSpain,sohehadtocrosstheAlpswithhissoldiersandelephants.

D. Helost50,000meninanearlierbattle.

Page _____

4. HowdidtheRomansbeattheCarthaginiansafterlosingsomanymeninthebattlesatTrebbia,Trasimene,andCannae?

A. ManyCarthaginiansjoinedtheRomanarmy.

B. TheRomanscrossedtheAlpsandtookoverallofNorthAfrica.

C. TheRomanshadasquadofelephants.

D. Theyraisedanotherarmyandfoughtalotoflittlebattles.

Page _____

5. WhydidHannibalreturntoCarthage?

A. Hisarmywasdefeated.

B. Allofhiselephantshadbeenkilled.

C. TheleadersofCarthageaskedhimtocomebacktoprotectCarthagefromtheRomans’counter-attack.

D. TheCarthaginianschoseHannibaltobeKingofAfrica.

Page _____


correctSorry, lose a turn

correct Ride the waterfall!

incorrect

correct incorrect

Tree falls! Lose a

turn

incorrect correct

correct

incorrect correctTake a card from your opponent

correctSorry, lose a turn

START

FINISH!

correct


Name: X.X10.3

Match Me If You

Can

Match Me If You

Can

incorrect correct incorrectTake

another turn

correct

incorrect

Give a card to your

opponent

correct

incorrect

correct

correct incorrect correctTake

another turn

incorrect


Name: X.X10.4

Correct or Incorrect?

You has four ripe bananas and two ripe

apples.


We is saving the seeds from our apples to

plant next year.


This watermelon has lots of black seeds.


Apples, oranges, and grapes am my favorite

fruits.


My grandma have lots of plants in her

garden.


Do you has a garden at your house?


We had lots of wind and rain that smashed

our plants.

Correct or Incorrect?The beautiful

sunshine are making this a lovely day!


The seeds in my banana was hard to

find.




Too much water is bad for plants.


Too little water are bad for plants and

will kill them.


I has vegetables growing in my garden

too.


We had a great harvest last year.


Growing gardens are a great way to learn

about nature.


Carrots and potatoes are root crops.


Melissa and I are master gardeners!


The tomatoes were ripe and ready to eat.

YUM!


This morning we had a gentle rain water

our plants.


Name: X.X11.1

Julius Caesar: Great Fighter, Great Writer

1. JuliusCaesarwasa___________________.

A. king

B. president

C. general

D. pirate

Page _____

2. WhydidJuliusCaesardemandthatalargerransombepaidforhisrelease?

A. Hewasarichman.

B. Thepirateswouldn’treleasehimunlesshecouldpaymorethan20talents.

C. Hewasaproudmanandfeltinsultedbyaransomofonly20talents.

D. Thepirateswantedtobuyhispoetry.

Page _____


3. WhydidCaesarreturntokillthepirates?

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

Page _____

4. WhydidCaesar’sreporttoRomeonlyconsistofthreewords?

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

Page _____

5. WhatlanguagedidCaesarwritein?

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

Page _____


Name: 11.2

Dear Family Member,


Spelling Words

Thisweek,wewillbereviewingfourspellingsforthesoundof/ee/.Yourchildlearnedhowtoreadandspellwordswiththesepatternsinsecondgrade,sothisshouldbeareview.OnFriday,yourchildwillbeassessedonthesewords.

StudentshavebeenassignedtwoChallengeWords,againandoften.ChallengeWordsarewordsusedveryoften.TheseChallengeWordsdonotfollowingspellingpatternsandneedtobememorized.

TheContentWordforthisweekisCaesar.Thiswordisdirectlyrelatedtothematerialthatwearereadingandisararespellingwhichyourchildisreviewing.TheContentWordisanoptionalspellingwordforyourchild.Ifyourchildwouldliketotryitbutgetsitincorrect,itwillnotcountagainsthimorheronthetest.Weencourageeveryonetostretchthemselvesabitandtrytospellthisword.

Take-HomeWorksheet



1. gladiator

2. grease

3. grief

4. Julius

5. chariot

6. barbarian

7. stadium

8. atrium

9. eager

10. teacher

11. shriek

12. zombie

13. leader

14. chief

15. each

16. increase

17. rookie

18. experience

19. Challenge Word: again

20. Challenge Word: often

Content Word: Psyche

Student Reader

Thisweek,studentswillbereadingaboutJuliusCaesar;hisabilitywiththepenandsword,hisrisetopower,andhisdeath.Next,theywillreadabouttheruler,Augustus,importantRomanbuildings,andthestoryofAndroclesandtheLion.

Studentswillcontinuetotakehometextcopiesofthechaptersinthereader.Encouragingstudentstoreadatextdirectlyrelatedtothisdomain-basedunitwillprovidecontentandvocabularyreinforcement.Studentswillalsohavetheirglossaryforuseinreadingthetextcopiestofamilymembers.Theboldedwordsonthetextcopiesarethewordsfoundintheglossary.


Name: X.X11.3

Hannibal Crosses the AlpsTheRomansfacedmanyenemies,butthestrongestandmostdetermined

enemytheyeverfacedwasanAfricangeneralnamedHannibal.

HannibalcamefromCarthage,acityonthecoastofAfrica.Carthagewashometomanymerchantsandtraders.Carthagealsohadanarmyandanavy.TheCarthaginianstookovermuchofNorthAfricaandSpain.TheyeventookoverislandsoffthecoastofItaly.

TheRomanssawCarthageasarival.TheyfoughtthreewarsagainstCarthage.ThesewarsareknownasthePunic Wars andarethoughttohavebeenfoughtduringtheyears264–146BC.

Hannibal’sfatherfoughtagainstRomeintheFirstPunic War,264–241BC.HemadehissonswearhewouldcarryonthefightagainstRome.Hannibalsworehewouldandkepthispromise.ItwasHannibalwholedthefightagainstRomeintheSecondPunic War,218–201BC.

HannibalgatheredanarmyinSpain.Hehadtensofthousandsoffootsoldiers.Hehadthousandsmorewhofoughtonhorseback.Bestofall,hehadhisspecialforces:asquadofelephants.Hannibalhadlearnedthatfewmenarebraveenoughtostandandfightwhentheyseeathunderingherdofelephantscomingtheirway.

HannibalwantedtoattackRome.However,toinvadeItaly,hewouldhavetomarchhisarmyoverarangeofmountainscalledtheAlps.TheAlpsweretall.Thepeakswerecoveredwithsnowandice.Therewerenobigroadsthatledacross.Therewereonlyafewslipperypaths.

Mostmenwouldnothavetriedtocrossthemountains,butHannibalwasnotlikemostmen.Hemarchedhisarmyoverthemountains.Hismensufferedterribly.Somediedfromrockslidesoravalanches.Othersfrozetodeath.Manyoftheelephantsdidnotmakeitacross.Intheend,though,HannibalgothisarmyacrossthemountainsandintoItaly.

InItaly,Hannibalwentontheattack.HebeattheRomansatTrebbia[TREB-bee-ə]in218BC.Then,hewipedoutanentireRomanarmyattheBattleof

Take-HomeWorksheet


Trasimene[TRAZ-i-meen]in217BC.TheRomanslost15,000men.TheBattleofCannae[CAN-ie]wasevenworse.TheRomanslostatleast50,000men,including80oftheir300senators.

PeoplethoughtthatmightbethebeginningoftheendforRome.TheydidnotseehowtheRomanscouldgoon.ButtheRomansdidgoon.TheyraisedanotherarmyandsentitouttostopHannibal.Thistime,theRomansavoidedbigbattles.Instead,theyfoughtalotoflittlebattles.TheyattackedHannibal’sarmyhereandthere.Theyblockedhistroopsandsloweddownhismarches.Theyalsolaunchedacounter-attack.ARomangeneralnamedScipio[SKIP-ee-oe]tookRomantroopstoAfrica.TheleadersofCarthagewrotetoHannibal.TheytoldhimtocomehomeandprotectCarthage.

Hannibaldidashewastold.HeleftItalyandreturnedtoCarthage.AttheBattleofZama,heconfrontedScipio.Thistime,theRomanswerevictorious.HannibalwonmostofthebattlesintheSecondPunic Warbuthelostthewar.

AftertheBattleofZamain202BC,Carthagewasneverquitethesame.TheyfoughtanotherwaragainstRome—theThirdPunic Warintheyears149-146BC—butitwasclearthatCarthagewassinkingandRomewasontherise.


Name: X.X11.4

Julius Caesar: Great Fighter, Great WriterAfterthePunicWars,generalsstartedtoplayabigpartinRomanhistory.

RomangeneralswentallaroundtheMediterranean,fightingbattlesandconqueringnewlands.Someofthesegeneralsbecameheroes.Someofthemgottobesofamousandsopopularthattheythreatenedtotakeovertherepublic.That’swhathappenedwithJulius Caesar.

Julius CaesarcamefromanoldRomanfamily.Hewasproudandambitious,withahighopinionofhimself.

Whenhewasayoungman,Caesarwascapturedbypirates.Thepiratestoldhimtheywouldkillhimunlesshecouldpayaransomoftwentytalents.Caesarlaughedatthem.Hetoldthemtheyclearlydidn’tknowwhatsortofmantheyhadcaptured.HewasJulius Caesar.Hewasnotamantoberansomedforjusttwentytalents!Caesartoldthepirateshewouldnotallowhimselftoberansomedforlessthanfiftytalents!

Caesartoldhisfriendstoraisethemoney.Hestayedwiththepirates,writingpoems.Hereadsomeofhispoemstothepirates.Theyshrugged.Theydidn’tcaremuchforpoetry.Theywerepirates,notpoets.Theyjustwantedtocollecttheransommoney.Caesargotangryatthepirates.Hescoldedthemfornotlikinghispoems.Hetoldthemtheyhadnotaste.Hetoldthemtheywerebarbarians.Hetoldthemsomedayhewouldcomebackandpunishthemfortheirbadtaste.ThepiratesthoughtCaesarwasjoking.Maybetheythoughthewascrazy.Atanyrate,assoonastheygottheransommoney,theyquicklyforgotabouthim.ButCaesardidnotforgetaboutthem.HewentbacktoRome,gotsomeships,andhiredsomegoodfighters.Then,hetrackeddownthepiratesandkilledthem.

Caesarquicklyestablishedhimselfasamanwhoknewwhattodowithhisswordandalsowithhispen.Once,hewassenttoAsia.Thepeopletherewereinrevolt.CaesarledaRomanarmythereandputdowntherevolt.Then,hegotouthispentowritehisreport.Thenormalthingwouldhavebeentowritealongreport,fillingseveralpages,butthatwasnotCaesar’sstyle.

ThisisthereportCaesarsentbacktoRome:Veni, vidi, vici.[wae-NEE,wee-DEE,wee-KEE]

Take-HomeWorksheet


That’sthewholereport.Thosethreewords—writteninLatin,thelanguageofancientRome—mean,“Icame,Isaw,Iconquered.”Whatelsewastheretosay?Missionaccomplished!

CaesarledanarmyintothelandtheRomanscalledGaul.Today,wecallitFrance.GaulwasnotpartoftheRomancivilizationwhenCaesarmarchedin,butitwaswhenhemarchedoutafewyearslater.Caesarconqueredit.Then,hewroteabookabouthowhedidit.Thefirstsentenceinhisbookisfamous.

ItiswritteninLatin.InEnglish,thewordsmean,“ThewholeofGaulisdividedintothreeparts.”

IfyoueverstudyLatin,youmayhaveachancetoreadCaesar’sbookontheGallicWars.It’ssoclearandsowell-writtenthatteachersallaroundtheworldstilluseittoteachLatintostudents.


Name: X.X12.1

Julius Caesar: Crossing the Rubicon

Take notes as you read the chapter.

1. WriteabouthowtheRomanSenatorsfeltaboutCaesarandwhy.

Howtheyfelt___________________________________________________________________

Whytheyfeltthisway__________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

2. WriteaboutwhattheRomansenatorstoldCaesartodo.

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

3. WriteaboutwhyCaesarignoredtheadviceofthesenators.

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________


4. WriteaboutwhyCaesarappointedhimselfadictatorandwhythatwasunusual.

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

5. WriteaboutwhytheRomansattackedandkilledCaesar.

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________


Name: X.X12.2

Irregular Verbs (say, make, go, take, and come)

Fill in the correct forms of the verbs in the blanks in the following story.

Haste Makes WasteItdoesapersongoodtolearnfrompastmistakes.Yesterday,asI

wasgettingreadyforschool,Mother________________(say)tome,“Remembertogetyourhomeworkfromthekitchentableandputitinyourbackpack.”Ialwaystryto________________(say),“Yes,Mother,”whenshespeakstomebutIforgot.So,afterI________________(make)mypeanutbutterandjellysandwichto________________(take)toschool,Igotreadyto________________(go)waitforthebus.Myfriend,Pat,________________(come)bytopickmeupsowecouldwalktogethertothebus.Inmyhaste,guesswhat?Iforgotto________________(take)myhomeworktoschool!

Todayisanewday!Myhomeworkis,onceagain,onthekitchentable.Mothercallsoutmynameand________________(say)tome,“Rememberthathomeworktoday!”Ianswerherandimmediately________________(take)myhomeworksheetandputitinmybackpack.Whileinthekitchen,I________________(make)mylunchsoIcan________________(take)ittoschool.IhearthedoorbellanditisPat.Asalways,she________________(come)topickmeupsowecanwalktothebusstoptogether.Offwe_______________(go)!It’sgoingtobeamuchbetterday!


Create sentences.

1. subject:Brianverb:make,presenttense

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

2. subject: Weverb: say,futuretense

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

3. subject:Theblackandwhiteskunkverb: come,pasttense

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________


Name: X.X12.3

Arguments for Debate

1. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________


Name: 13.1

Word Shelf

–y meansfull of

leaky

dirty

rusty

salty


Name: X.X

–y: Suffix Meaning “full of”

leaky—(noun) full of holes that let something in or allow something to escape

dirty—(noun) full of soil

rusty—(noun) full of a reddish brown substance that forms on certain metals when they are exposed to moisturesalty—(noun) full of a natural white substance used to flavor and preserve food


rusty lucky leaky salty dirty messy

1. Therewere_________________nailsstickingoutoftheboardsthatGrandpatookoutoftheoldbarnandhetoldusnottotouchthem.

2. Ourdogwasso_________________fromdiggingholesinthemuddyyardthatMomsaidwehadtogivehimabathoutside.

3. Somepeopleliketheirpopcorntohavea_________________tastewhileotherspreferamorebutterytaste.

4. The_________________faucetinthekitchendrippedallnightandneededtobefixedrightaway.

13.2


5. IfoundapennyonthegroundthatwasfacingheadsupsoIcalleditmy_________________pennyandcarrieditwithmeallweek.


6.


Name: 13.3

Word Shelf

–almeansrelated to

coastal

traditional

nutritional

magical


Name: X.X13.4

–al: Suffix Meaning “related to”

coastal—(adjective) related to the land near the sea or ocean

traditional—(adjective) related to a custom or belief handed down from one generation to the nextnutritional—(adjective) related to the process of eating the right kind of food so you can be healthy and grow properlymagical—(adjective) related to a power that allows people to do impossible things by saying special words or performing special actions


traditional musical cultural fictional coastal nutritional

1. Fruitandvegetablesare_________________snacksthatIeatafterschoolinsteadofcandyandchips.

2. Eventhoughthecharactersare_________________,theauthorsayssomeoftheexperiencestheyhaveinthebookarebasedonrealevents.

3. Sometimesmovingfromonecountrytoanothercancause_________________changes.


4. Ilikevisitingsmall,_________________townswheretheoceanplaysanimportantroleinpeople’severydaylives.

5. The_________________waymygrandmotherhostsThanksgivingdinnerincludesaverystrictorderinwhichthefamilydoesthingsthatday.


6.


Name: X.XGrammar Review: Mixed Practice

Insert the correct present tense form of each verb in the following groups of sentences.


1. dry Thechef____________________thedishes.RobertandPeter____________________theircleancarwithatowel.We____________________ourhairafterswimming.

2. catch Thepolice____________________therobberintheact.Mymother____________________ourrunawaypuppy.I____________________acoldeverytimeIgooutwithoutacoat.

3. fix Ourteacher____________________thecomputerwhenitbreaks.You____________________theverybestluncheveryday!Therepairman____________________ourbrokenfridge.


Present Tense Past Tense Future Tense

Fredhelps. Fredhelped Fredwillhelp.

Mysisterjumped.

Alicetries.

Thepainterwillcreate.

MybrotherandIate.

13.5


Themuseumwillopenontime.

Thebirdchirps.

Theradioplayed.

Thewindblows.

Thesunwillshine.

Complete each sentence with the correct form of the verb in parentheses. Then, write the word present, past, or future on the blank that follows the sentence.

1. LastSunday,mydad____________________thegrass.(mow)____________________

2. WhenIgrowup,I____________________afamoussculptor.(become)____________________

3. Thetelephone____________________everytimeItrytotakeanap.(ring)____________________

4. Theothergroup____________________everyanswertothegameweplayedyesterday.(know)____________________

5. Nextweek,I____________________toanewhouse.(move)____________________


Name: X.X13.6

Blank Busters

gladiator shriek experience teachergrief leader grease zombie

chariot each Julius chiefstadium increase barbarian

eager rookie atriumChallenge Word:againChallenge Word:oftenContent Word:Caesar

Fill in the blanks in the sentences below with one of the spelling words from the chart. If needed, add a suffix to the end of a word in order for the sentence to make sense: –s, –es, –ies, –ed, or –ing.

1. ____________________Caesarwasagreatfighterandwarrior.

2. Makesuretofillin____________________blankinordertogetcredit.

3. The____________________raceswereheldinaverylarge____________________.

4. Theexcitedchildrenwere____________________fortheir____________________tomakethemicecreamcones.

5. The____________________didnotlikeCaesar’spoems.

6. Eventhemen____________________whenthealligatorschasedus.


7. Theplantsandflowersinthe____________________arealldifferentcolors.

8. Doingallofyourwork____________________yourchanceofdoingwellonthetest.

9. Hayleydressedupasa____________________forHalloweenandscaredeveryone.

10. Sawyersaid,“Good____________________”whenItoldhimIcouldnotgotothechampionshipgamewithhim.

Write three sentences using spelling words of your choice that were not used above. Make sure to use correct capitalization and punctuation. You can use the Challenge Words or the Content Word in your sentences.

1.

2.

3.


Name: X.X

Julius Caesar: Crossing the RubiconAfterheconqueredGaul,CaesarstartedmarchingbacktoRome.Bythistime,

theRomansenatorswereverynervousaboutCaesar.TheythoughthemightmarchintoRomeandtakeover.ThesenatorssentCaesaramessage.Theytoldhimtostopandsendhissoldiershome.TheyorderedhimnottocrosstheRubiconRiver.Ifhedid,theysaidhewouldnotbetreatedasahero.Instead,hewouldbetreatedasatraitorandaninvader.

Intheyear49BC,CaesarcrossedtheRubicon.HeissaidtohaveremarkedinLatin,“Thedieiscast.”Thatwashiswayofsayingheknewhewastakingabigrisk.CrossingtheRubiconmeanttherewasnoturningback.

Caesar’sactionsledtoacivil war—awarinwhichRomansfoughtagainstRomans.Caesarwastheleaderononeside.Pompey[POM-pee],anotherfamousRomangeneral,wastheleaderontheotherside.CaesardefeatedPompeyandchasedhimtoEgypt,wherePompeywaskilled.

WhenCaesargottoEgypt,hefoundanothercountrytangledupinacivil war.TheprincessCleopatrawastryingtotakepowerfromherbrother.CaesarsidedwithCleopatra.HehelpedherbecomeQueenofEgypt.

Caesarhadbigplans.Hedidn’tthinkRomewasrunthewayitshouldbe.Hewantedtochangealotofthings.HehadtheSenatepassnewlaws.Hereplacedtheoldcalendarwiththeonewestillusetoday.(DidyouknowthatthemonthofJulyisnamedforJuliusCaesar?)

Caesarwantedtodomore,buthefeltheneededmorepower.Hegothimselfappointeddictator.Atfirst,hewasappointeddictatorforonlyoneyear.Thatwasnotsounusual.TheRomanshadchosendictatorsinthepast.Adictatorcouldbeputinpowerduringtimesoftrouble.Butthedictatorwasonlysupposedtoruleforalittlewhile,untilthetroublespassed.ThatwasnotwhatCaesarhadinmind.Hehadhimselfappointeddictatorfortenyears.Thatupsetalotofpeople.Howdoyouthinkthosepeoplefeltalittlelater,whenCaesarhadhimselfappointeddictatorforlife?Thatwasreallytoomuchforsomepeople.Forhundredsofyears,Romehadbeenarepublic.Now,Caesarwassettinghimselfupasadictator.

13.7Take-HomeWorksheet


Perhaps,heevenwantedtobeaking.Thatwasevenmoreupsetting.TheRomanshaddrivenoutthekingshundredsofyearsearlier.

AgroupofRomansagreedthatCaesarwasathreattotherepublic.TheystabbedhimtodeathintheSenate.

SomeofthemenwhostabbedJuliusCaesarweremenheconsideredfriends.Oneofthem,Brutus,wasamanCaesarhadtreatedalmostlikeason.HowcouldthesemenkillCaesar?BrutusexplainedthatitwasnotthathelovedCaesarless,butthathelovedRome—andtheRomanrepublic—more.BrutusandtheotherconspiratorskilledCaesartosaveRome.Atleast,thatwastheplan.


Name: X.X14.1

After Caesar: Augustus and the Roman Empire

Remember to use complete sentences when answering any questions.

1. WhathappenedafterCaesarwaskilled?

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

Page _____

2. WhowasAugustus?

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

Page _____

3. WhatgreatthingsdidAugustusdo?

A. HebroughtpeacetoRome.

B. Hebuiltaqueducts.

C. Hebuiltmagnificentnewbuildings,includingtemples,theaters,andbathhouses.

D. Alloftheabove.

Page _____


4. WhateventsdidtheRomansgotowatchintheColosseum?

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

Page _____

5. NametwomoreexamplesofRomanarchitectureandwhytheywereimportant.

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

Page _____


Name: X.X14.2

Irregular Verbs (see, bring, mean, speak, and draw)

Write the correct form of the verb in the blank. Then, rewrite the sentence using a different verb tense of the same verb. You will need to change other words in the sentence. Finally, circle whether each sentence is present tense, past tense, or future tense.

Example: Last Friday, we saw (see) the clowns perform at the circus.

past present future

Tomorrow, we will see the clowns perform at the circus. past present future

1. Oneweekfromtoday,I________________(bring)mycattoschool.

past present future

_____________________________________________________________

____________________________________ past present future

2. Lastweek,I_______________(speak)toaclassofsecondgraders.

past present future

_____________________________________________________________


3. Today,IlookatmymathworksheetandI________________(see)itiseasy.

past present future

_____________________________________________________________



4. Maryalways________________(mean)whatshesays.

past present future

_____________________________________________________________


5. You________________(draw)greatpicturesyesterdaytoillustrateyourstory.

past present future

_____________________________________________________________



Name: X.X

Practice Using Suffixes –y and –al

Choose the best word to complete the sentence. Write it on the line.

1. Mynewlibrarybookisastoryabouta (nutritional, magical)

place

whereanimalsactlikehumans.

2. DadhelpedGrandpareplacethe (salty, rusty)

gatetothe

backyardsowecouldeasilyopenandcloseit.

3. Mysocceruniformis (dirty, leaky)

butImighthavetowearit

likethatifthereisnotimetowashitbeforethegame.

4. Herdeskisso (curly, messy)

shecan’tfindwhatshewasworking

onthismorning.

5. Wewenttoseethenewexhibiton (lucky, cultural)

celebrationsat

thehistorymuseum.

6. Thesalsaatthepicnicwastoo (salty, lucky)

formesoIatesome

otherdipswithmychipsinstead.

14.3


Write a sentence using each word given.

1. fictional

2. leaky


Name: X.X14.4

Word Sort

Identify the headers. Read the words in the box and circle the vowels that have the /ee/ sound. Write the words under each header that matches the header’s spelling pattern.

‘i’ > /ee/ ‘ea’ > /ee/ ‘ie’ > /ee/

_______________________ _______________________ _______________________

_______________________ _______________________ _______________________

_______________________ _______________________ _______________________

_______________________ _______________________ _______________________

_______________________ _______________________ _______________________

_______________________ _______________________ _______________________

goalie repeat

appeal prairie

medium helium

breath mischiefrevealed beliefplebeians niece

giant breathehistorian gymnasiumachieve reason


Name: X.X

After Caesar: Augustus and the Roman EmpireThemenwhokilledJuliusCaesarweretryingtosavetherepublic.Theydid

notsucceed.AfterCaesarwaskilled,anothercivilwarbrokeout.ThemanwhocameoutontopattheendofthewarwasamanknownasAugustusCaesar,orjustAugustus.

AugustuswasanadoptedsonofCaesarandheagreedwithCaesarthatRomeneededtochange.Buthewassmart.HeknewthattheRomanscaredabouttheirhistory.Theywouldnotbehappyifhecametopowerandchangedeverythingallatonce.Whathedidinsteadwasveryclever.Hemadehimselfemperorandhemadeitclearthatheintendedtoserveuntilhedied.ThatmeantRomewasnolongerarepublic.ButAugustusdidnotsweepawayalloftheoldtraditions.HelettheRomanskeeptheSenateandconsuls.Still,everybodyknewthatitwasAugustuswhowasreallyincharge.

Augustusbroughtpeacetoacountrythathadbeenfightingcivilwarsformanyyears.Hereformedthegovernmentandconquerednewlands.Hesetupmonuments.Hebuiltmagnificentnewbuildings,includingtemples,theaters,andbathhouses.Healsorepairedoldbuildingsanddecoratedthemwithfancystone,likemarble.Heonceboastedthathe“foundRomebrickandleftitmarble.”

OneofthemostfamousbuildingsbuiltduringthereignofAugustusisthePantheon.ThePantheonwasbuiltasatempletoalltheRomangods.(Pan– meansallandtheo– meansgods.)ThePantheonisabeautifulbuildingwithadomeroof.Whiletheoriginalbuildingwasdestroyedinafire,thePantheonstillstandingtodaywasbuilttoreplaceit.Thousandsoftouristsvisititeveryday.

ThePantheonisonlyoneofmanyexamplesofgreatRomanarchitecture.AnotheroneistheColosseum.TheColosseum,builtnotlongafterthereignofAugustus,isahuge,ovalstadium.TheRomanswenttotheColosseumtoseepeopleandanimalsfight.TheColosseumwouldholdfiftythousandpeople.TodaytheColosseumisinruins,butsomeofitislefttogiveusagoodideaofwhatitwouldhavelookedlike.

Take-HomeWorksheet

14.5


TheRomansalsoenjoyedwatchingchariotraces.Thesewereheldinanevenlargerstadium,calledtheCircus Maximus.FortheRomans,achariotraceorafightwasgoodentertainment,thewayafootballgameoramovieisforustoday.

TheRomansalsobuiltroadsandaqueducts.TheroadsbroughtpeoplefromallaroundtheEmpire.Theaqueductswereusedtobringwaterfromthecountryintothecity.Someoftheaqueductsarealsoverybeautiful.


Name: X.X

Spelling Assessment


‘ea’ > /ee/ ‘ie’ > /ee/ ‘i’ > /ee/

__________________ __________________ __________________

__________________ __________________ __________________

__________________ __________________ __________________

__________________ __________________ __________________

__________________ __________________ __________________

__________________ __________________ __________________

__________________ __________________ __________________

Challenge Word: __________________

Challenge Word: __________________

Content Word:__________________

15.1


Dictated Sentences

1. __________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

2. __________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________


Name: X.X

Androcles and the Lion

Part I: Take notes as you read, using the questions to guide you.

1. WhatisthenameofthehugestadiumthattheRomansbuiltforgladiatorfights?

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

Page _____

2. Howmanypeoplecouldthehugestadiumhold?

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

Page _____

Part II: If a statement is true, write “true” on the line. If a statement is false, write “false” on the line.

3. Androcleshidinacavebecausehewasarunawayslave.

__________________________

Page _____

15.2


4. Androcleswasawakenedinthemiddleofthenightbyalionreturningtothecave.

__________________________

Page _____

5. Thelionwasinpainbecauseithadbeenshotinthefootwithanarrow.

__________________________

Page _____

6. WhenAndrocleswascapturedhehadtositinjailfortenweeks.

__________________________

Page _____

7. ThelionthatAndroclesmetintheColosseumwasthesamelionhehadbefriendedinthecave.

__________________________

Page _____

8. TheEmperorgaveasignthatmeantthatAndroclesandthelionmustfighteachother.

__________________________

Page _____


Name: X.X

Practice Irregular Verbs

Create sentences.

1. subject:thefamousartistverb:draw,pasttense

2. subject:freshlypickedtomatoes,peppers,andcornverb:make,futuretense

3. subject: myscienceteacherverb: speak,presenttense

15.3


4. subject: anewfriendverb: come,pasttense

5. subject: weverb: see,presenttense

6. subject:thepostalcarrierverb: bring, pasttense


Name: X.X

Practice Dictionary Skills


box office breed

box office 1.nounAplacewhereonecanbuyticketsforanevent,likeaconcertorathleticevent.2.nounAwaytodescribeifaneventdidordidnotdowell:Thatplaydidwellattheboxoffice.

break1.verbTocausesomethingtosnaporcomeapart.2.verb Tocausesomethingtostopworkingbydamagingit.3.nounAtimetorestfromwhatyouaredoing.

1. Whatarethetwoguidewordsonthepage?

2. Whatarethetwoentrywordsonthepage?

3. Howmanydefinitionsaretherefor box office?

4. Howmanydefinitionsarethereforbreakwhenitisusedasaverb?

15.4


5. Whatarethetwopartsofspeechusedinthedefinitionsforbreak?

6. Wouldthewordbrickbeonthispage?

Circle the words that would be on this page.

boomerang bolt breakfast brain brine


Name: X.X16.1

Dear Family Member,


Spelling Words

Thisweek,wewillbereviewingthelastthreespellingsforthesoundof/ee/.Yourchildlearnedhowtoreadandspellwordswiththesepatternsinsecondgrade,sothisshouldbeareview.OnFriday,yourchildwillbeassessedonthesewords.

StudentshavebeenassignedthreeChallengeWords,been/binand together.ChallengeWordsarewordsusedveryoften.TheseChallengeWordsdonotfollowingspellingpatternsandneedtobememorized.

TheContentWordforthisweekisPompey.Thiswordisdirectlyrelatedtothematerialthatwearereadingandalsofollowsthevowelpatternsyourchildisreviewing.TheContentWordisanoptionalspellingwordforyourchild.Ifyourchildwouldliketotryitbutgetsitincorrect,itwillnotcountagainsthimorherontheassessment.Weencourageeveryonetostretchthemselvesabitandtrytospellthisword.

Take-HomeWorksheet



1. chimney

2. Chinese

3. gently

4. crazy

5. money

6. extreme

7. busy

8. Pete

9. keyboard

10. alley

11. anytime

12. everybody

13. city

14. centipede

15. athlete

16. barley

17. enemy

18. Challenge Word: been

19. Challenge Word: bin

20. Challenge Word: together

Content Word: Pompey

Student Reader

Thisweek,studentswillreadareader’stheaterselectionaboutAndroclesandthelionandaselectionaboutChristianityandhowitbeganandgrew.AdditionalchaptersyourchildmayreadincludeinformationabouttheEmperorConstantine,theJustinianera,themarkettownofPompeiiandtheeruptionofMountVesuvius,andHoratiusandhowheledtheRomanstovictoryovertheEtruscans.

Studentswillcontinuetotakehometextcopiesofthechaptersinthereader.Encouragingstudentstoreadatextdirectlyrelatedtothisdomain-basedunitwillprovidecontentandvocabularyreinforcement.Studentswillalsohavetheirglossaryforuseinreadingthetextcopiestofamilymembers.Theboldedwordsonthetextcopiesarethewordsfoundintheglossary



Androcles and the LionTheancientRomanslikedtowatchgladiatorfights.Theylikedtowatcha

gladiatorfightagainstothergladiatorsoragainstwildanimals.Asmentionedinthepreviouschapter,theRomansevenbuilttheColosseumforthesefights.TheColosseumwassobigitcouldholdfiftythousandpeople!

ThisisagladiatorstoryanditendsintheColosseum.Youmaybesurprisedbytheending!

OncetherewasaRomanslavenamedAndrocles[AN-droe-cleez].Androclesescapedfromhismasterandranaway.Onenighthehidinacave.Hecreptintothecooldarkness,laydown,andfellasleep.

Inthemiddleofthenight,Androcleswasawakenedbyaloudroaringnoise.Hegotupandsquintedinthedarkness.Whathesawscaredhimhalftodeath.Itwasalionreturningtohisden!

Androclesshrankback,fearfulforhislife.Then,hesawthatthelionwassuffering.Itwasroaringinpain.Thegreatbeast

limpedintothecaveandfloppeddown.Itlifteditsrightfrontpawandlickedit.Androclestookasteptowardthelion.Thebigcatspottedhim,buthedidnot

seemangry.Instead,hegaveAndroclesasadlook,asifaskingforhelp.Androclescrouchednexttothelion.Helookedandsawathornstuckinthelion’spaw.Heputouthishand.Theliondidnottrytobitehim.Hetouchedtheliononthepaw.Thelionsatstill.Then,verygently,Androclestookholdofthethornandpulleditout.

ThelionlookedAndroclesintheeyeandpurred.ThatwasthebeginningofawarmfriendshipbetweenAndroclesandthelion.Theylivedtogetherinthecave.Theysleptsidebyside,keepingeachotherwarm.

Then,onedayRomansoldiersdiscoveredAndrocles.ThelawofRomesaidthatrunawayslavesmustbepunished.So,AndrocleswascapturedandtakentothecityofRome.


Fortendays,Androclessataloneinajailcell.Thejailorsfedhimnothingbutwaterandcrustsofstalebread.Then,oneofthemtoldhimhewastomeethisdeathintheColosseum.

Androclesknewwhatthatmeant.RunawayslaveswereoftenforcedtofightintheColosseum.Androclesknewhewouldbeforcedtofightagainstgladiators,orperhapsagainstvicious,hungrywildanimals.

Androcleswasledoutofhiscell.AshewalkedintotheColosseum,heknewthathewouldsoondie.Androcleswasbrave.Hesteppedintothearenaandpreparedhimselfforthefight,andfordeath.

ThecrowdcheeredasAndroclessteppedintothearena.Theycheeredevenmoreloudlywhenalionappearedontheothersideofthearena.

Then,somethingstrangetookplace.Thiswasnotjustanylion.ItwasthelionAndrocleshadbefriended.Thelionrecognizedhisfriend.Insteadofattacking,thebeastranuptoAndroclesandbeganlickinghisface.Androclesstrokedthelionandrubbedhisbelly.

Thecrowdwasamazed.Theyhadneverseenanythinglikethis.Theycheeredloudly.

“Freetheslave!”oneofthemeninthecrowdshouted.“Freethelion!”anothershouted.Soon,thewholecrowdwasyellingandshouting.Theemperorwastheonewhomadethedecision.Heheldouthishand,with

histhumbtotheside.Then,hetilteditsothathisthumbpointedup.Thumbsup!Thatwasthesign!ItmeantthatAndroclesandthelionhadpleasedtheemperor.Theywouldbesaved!

SoAndroclesandthelionweresetfree.Theylivedalonglifeandtheirfriendshipneverfaltered.



Androcles and the Lion: Reader’s TheaterScene 1—In a cave in the forestNarrator 1

Thousandsofyearsago,therewasaslavenamedAndrocleswholivedinancientRome.Everyday,Androcleswassentbyhismasterouttothefieldswiththeotherslaves.Theretheyspenttheentiredayintheblisteringhotsun,tendingthemaster’scrops.Onlywhenduskfellattheveryendofthedaydidtheyreturntotheslavequarterswheretheylived.Eachnight,afteramealofstalebreadandwater,theyfellexhaustedonthehardfloorandwenttosleep.

Narrator 2Onedaywhenitwastimetoreturnfromthefields,Androclesdidnotfollowtheotherslaves.Astheotherswentbacktotheirquarters,Androcleshidattheedgeofthefield.Whenitwasdark,heranasfastashecould,farintotheforest.Whenhecouldrunnomore,hehappeneduponasmallcave.Hecreptinsideintothecooldarknessandfellasleep.

Lion (roaring several times, but then whimpering in pain)Rrrrrrroarrrr……Rrrrrrroarrrr…..Rrrrrrroarrrr…owowowowow….

Androcles (voice shaking)Who’sthere?Whereareyou?

Lion (roars two more times in pain)Helpme!Helpme—here!


Androcles (voice still shaking)Whoa!HowcanIhelpyou?

Lion (limps towards Androcles and lifts his front paw)Justhelpme.Mypaw,mypaw—pleasehelpme.

Androcles (crouches carefully next to the lion, lifting its paw)Well,letmetakealook.Aha!Iseewhattheproblemis.Thereisaverylargethornstuckinyourpaw.HoldverystillandIwillpullitout.

(Androcles gently pulls the thorn out of the lion’s paw.)

LionOoooowww…ahhhhhhh—that’smuchbetter.Thankyou.

(Lion rubs up against Androcles and purrs.)

Narrator 1ThatwasthebeginningofawarmfriendshipbetweenAndroclesandthelion.Theylivedtogetherinthecave.Theysleptsidebyside,keepingeachotherwarm.

Narrator 2Thenoneday,agroupofRomansoldiersonpatrolstumbleduponthecavewheretheydiscoveredAndrocles.Romanlawsaidthatrunawayslavesmustbepunished.SothesoldiersdraggedAndroclesoutofthecaveandbacktothecityofRome.

Narrator 1Androcleswastakentojail.Hewasleftaloneinacellfortendayswithlittletoeatordrink.Onthetenthday,thejailercametotellhimthathe


Name:

wouldbetakentotheColosseumthatafternoon.Androclesknewthatcouldmeanonlyonething.Hewouldbeforcedtofighttodeathagainstgladiatorsorvicious,wildanimals.

Scene 2—The Colosseum(The emperor and crowd stand in a circle as if seated at the Colosseum. Androcles enters the center of the circle from one side.)

Crowd (chanting Androcles’ name as he enters the circle)Androcles!Androcles!Androcles!

Lion (shakes mane and roars loudly as he enters the circle from the other side)Rrrrrrroarrrr……Rrrrrrroarrrr…..Rrrrrrroarrrr

Crowd (turns and looks at the lion and cheers loudly)

EmperorLetthegamesbegin!

(Androcles and the lion approach each other with heads down, ready to fight. Then, both look up and stare into each other’s eyes.)

Lion (purrs loudly and rubs up against Androcles’ leg)Purrrrr…rrrrrr….rrrrr

Androcles (bends forward to hug the lion)Myfriend,myfriend—it’syou!

Crowd (cheers loudly)

Man in the crowdFreeAndrocles!FreeAndrocles!

16.3 continued


Woman in the crowdFreethelion!Freethelion!

Crowd (all chanting)FreeAndrocles!Freethelion!FreeAndrocles!Freethelion!

Emperor (waves both arms to quiet the crowd; holds out his right hand with his thumb to the side and then tilts his thumb up)

Crowd (all chanting)They’resaved!They’rebothsaved!Hooray!

Narrator 1SoAndroclesandthelionwerebothsetfree.Theylivedalonglifeandtheirfriendshipneverfaltered.


Name: X.X17.1

The Rise of Christianity

After each statement, write true or false and the page number where the answer can be found.

1. PontiusPilatewastheRomanpresidentwhodidnotlikeJesus._______________

Page_____

2. Jesuswasputontrialandsentencedtodeath.________________Page_____

3. EveryonewhoheardthestoryofJesusbecameaChristian.________________

Page_____

4. PeterwastheRomancitizenwhotraveledallaroundspreadingthereligionofJesus.________________

Page_____

5. ChristiansworshippedthegodsJupiter,Juno,andMars._______________

Page_____

6. TheRomanemperorswantedtogetridoftheChristians.________________

Page_____


7. TheChristiansgaveupandstoppedpreachingaftersomehadbeenthrowninjail._________________

Page_____

8. Constantine’sfatherbecameaChristianandhelpedleadConstantinetothereligion.________________

Page_____

9. Whatisthemainideaofthechapter?


Name: X.X12.2Name: 17.2

Quotation Marks

Write exactly what each person said in a complete sentence on the blank beside each picture. Remember to use the correct punctuation and capitalization.

“Mysisterisagoodsport.”

Fredsaid,“Mysisterisagoodsport.”

“It’sarainydaytoday.” Cindyremarked______________________

___________________________________

___________________________________

___________________________________

“Doyoulikecupcakes?” ___________________________________

___________________________________

___________________________________

____________________Mrs.Smithasked.

“Iamsoangry!” ___________________________________

___________________________________

___________________________________

_______________________Bettyshouted.


Rewrite the following sentences, adding the correct punctuation and capitalization.

1. tommyyelledi’msohappythatitissaturday!

2. thechildchasedherpuppyaroundthecornerandsaidpleasecomehere.

3. doyoulikepaintingordrawingbetterourartteacherasked.

4. youaremyverybestfriendremarkedsam.



Circle the letter of the sentence that has the correct punctuation and capitalization.

1. IlearnedtospeakEnglishbylisteningtomyparentssaidmary

A. “IlearnedtospeakEnglishbylisteningtomyparents.”saidMary.

B. “IlearnedtospeakEnglishbylisteningtomyparentssaidMary.”

C. “IlearnedtospeakEnglishbylisteningtomyparentssaid,”Mary.

D. “IlearnedtospeakEnglishbylisteningtomyparents,”saidMary.

2. Mr.Brownaskeddoanyofyouspeakanotherlanguage

A. “Mr.Brownasked,doanyofyouspeakanotherlanguage.”

B. Mr.Brownasked,“doanyofyouspeakanotherlanguage?”

C. Mr.Brownasked,“Doanyofyouspeakanotherlanguage?”

D. “Mr.Brownasked,Doanyofyouspeakanotherlanguage?”

3. Howdoesthatwhistlemakeallofthosedifferentsoundssheasked

A. “howdoesthatwhistlemakeallofthosedifferentsounds,”sheasked.

B. “Howdoesthatwhistlemakeallofthosedifferentsounds?sheasked?

C. “howdoesthatwhistlemakeallofthosedifferentsounds?”sheasked?

D. “Howdoesthatwhistlemakeallofthosedifferentsounds?”sheasked.


Name: 17.3

The Rise of ChristianityDuringthereignofEmperorAugustus,somethingimportanthappened—butat

thetime,almostnobodynoticed.Longago,amannamedJesusofNazarethwasborn.JesuswasaJewwholater

becameanimportantteacher.Hewalkedamongcrowdsofpeopleteachingaboutimportanttruths.Peoplesaidthatheworkedmiracles.Theysaidhechangedwaterintowineandwalkedonthewater.Theysaidhecuredthesick,andevenbroughtdeadpeoplebacktolife.

Jesusattractedfollowers.ButhealsoattractedtheattentionoftheRomangovernor,PontiusPilate[Pon-CHUSPIE-let].PilatehadheardthatJesuscalledhimself“thekingoftheJews.”Hedidnotlikethesoundofthat.TheJewsofPalestineweresubjectsoftheRomanEmperor.Therewasnoroomforany“kingoftheJews.”

PilatehadJesusarrested.HeputJesusontrialandsentencedhimtodeath.EventhoughJesusdied,agroupofhisfollowersbelievedJesuswasadivine

being—thesonofGod.TheybelievedhehadbeensenttoEarthbyGod.Theybelievedthatafterhisdeath,hewastakenuptoheavenbyGod.

ThefollowersofJesuswerecalledChristians.TheybelievedJesuswassentbyGodtosavepeople.TheybegansharingthestoryofJesuswithanyonewhowouldlisten.Lotsofpeoplethoughttheywerecrazy.Butsomepeoplelistened.TheChristian religionbegantogrow.

OnemandidmorethananyoneelsetospreadtheChristian religion.HisnamewasPaulandhewasaRomancitizen.Hetraveledallaround,spreadingthereligionofJesus.EventuallyPaulwasputtodeath,likeJesus,butnotbeforehehadsetupChristianchurchesallaroundtheRomanEmpire.

Atfirst,theRomanemperorspaidnoattentiontothisnewreligion.Later,theystartedtopayattention,butonlybecausetheydidnotapproveoftheChristians.

Remember:theRomansworshippedmanygods.EveryoneintheRomanEmpirewasexpectedtoworshipgodslikeJupiter,Juno,andMars.TheRomansbelievedthatthesegodsprotectedthestate.Theybelievedpeopleshouldhonor

Take-HomeWorksheet


them.ThatwasaproblemfortheChristians.Theybelievedthattherewasonlyone

God.TheybelieveditwaswrongtoworshiptheRomangods.So,formanyyears,theRomanemperorstreatedChristiansasenemiesof

Rome.TheydidwhattheycouldtogetridoftheChristians.Theythrewsomeoftheminjail.Theyhadothersputtodeath.ButtheChristiansdidnotgiveuptheirfaith.Theykeptonbelievingandtheykeptonpreaching.

ThemanwhoendedthelongwarbetweenRomeandChristianitywastheEmperorConstantine.HebecameEmperoraboutthreehundredyearsafterthebirthofJesusofNazareth.BythattimetherewerealotofChristians.Infact,Constantine’sownmotherbecameaChristian.ConstantinebecameaChristianaswell.

WhenConstantinebecameChristian,everythingchanged.Forhundredsofyears,theRomanemperorshadpunishedtheChristians.NowwithConstantine,ChristianitybecametheofficialreligionoftheRomanEmpire.


Name: 17.4

Quotation Marks

Rewrite the following sentences, adding the correct punctuation and capitalization.

1. billaskedwhyareyouwalkingsoslowly

2. youarethebestbaseballplayerI’veeverseenexclaimedricky

3. ourscienceteachersaidpleasetakeoutyourbooksandopentopage3

Take-HomeWorksheet


4. myfavoritedessertisstrawberryshortcakewithwhippedcreammysistersaid

5. connieaskedwhichoneofyouwantstogofirst

6. remembertothankthemuseumownerourteachersaid


Name: 18.1

Unit Assessment

Carthage Must Be Destroyed!AnobleoldRoman,eighty-fouryearsofage,hadjustfinishedastirringspeech

intheForum.Hisclosingwordswere,“Carthagemustbedestroyed!”Thosewordswererepeatedbyhishearers.Theywerecarriedintothestreet.

Theywerediscussedbyexcitedmenineverypartofthecity.“Whosaysthis?”askedonecitizen.“WhosaysthatCarthagemustbe

destroyed?”“Catothecensorsaysso,”wastheanswer.“HesaysthattwosuchcitiesasRome

andCarthagecannotlongexistunderthesamesun.Onemustsubmittotheother.IfRomedoesnotdestroyCarthage,thenCarthagewilldestroyRome.”

Catowasseriousaboutthematter.RomehadalreadyfoughttwolongwarsagainstCarthage.Asayoungman,Catohadfoughtinoneofthesewars.Inhisoldage,whenthetwocitieswereatpeace,hehadbeensentasanambassadortoCarthage.Hewasastonishedatwhathesawthere.HehadsupposedthatRomewastherichestandmostpowerfulcityintheworld.AfterseeingCarthage,hefearedthathewasmistaken.


HesawtheharborofCarthageswarmingwithshipsfromallpartsoftheworld.Thedockswerepiledwithgoodsfrommanycountries.Theshopswerefilledwithrichandraremerchandise.Themarketswerefullofbuyersandsellers.Thepublicbuildingswerebeautiful.ThecitywallsweretallerandstrongerthanthewallsofRome.

OnthevoyagebacktoRome,Catothoughtaboutthethingshehadseen.HefeltthatCarthagewasathreattoRome.HefeltthattherewasonlyonewaytosaveRome.Hemustmakehiscountrymenawareofthedanger.Carthagemustbedestroyed!

WhenhehadfinishedhisspeechintheForum,Catowrappedhistogaabouthimandwentoutintothestreet.Everyonewhosawhimknewbythebroad,colorfulborderonhiswhitetogathathewasoneofRome’sgreatmen.Theyknewthatthiswasamanwhohadheldsomeofthehighestofficesinthecity.

Inthestreet,Catometmanyofhisfriends,andnomatterwhathespokewiththemabout,hislastwordswhenpartingwere,“Carthagemustbedestroyed!”

CatohadbeenaRomancensor,andforatimehadbeenthemostpowerfulmaninRome.Hetriedhardtopreservethesimple,sturdyhabitsofhisforefathers.Therewasnothingthathehatedmorethanluxuryandself-indulgence.Whenhesawyoungmendressedinfashionableclothesidlinginthestreets,hisangerroseupwithinhim.“Carthagemustbedestroyed!”hecried,whilerebukingtheyoungmenfortheirfolly.Whenhesawofficersofthestatelivinginfinehousesandenjoyingtheirwealth,hesneeredatthemincontemptandcriedout,“Carthagemustbedestroyed!”

Afterhisspeech,Catodidnotstaylonginthecity.Hereturnedtohisfarm,wherehehadlivedallhislifeexceptwhenservingRome.Hisfirstgreetingtohisfamilywas,“Carthagemustbedestroyed!”

Cato’slifeonthefarmwassimple.Everythingwasjustasithadbeeninthedaysofhisfatherandgrandfather.Catoplowedhisfields.Hesowedhisgrain.Hehelpedthereapers.Hegatheredhishay.Hefedhisflocksandherds.“Todothesenecessarythings,”hesaid,“istobeaRomanoftheold-fashionedsort.”

Cato’swifeanddaughterswereRomansoftheold-fashionedsort,too.Theytookcareofthehome.Theygroundbarleyandbakedbread.Theygatheredmilkandpressedcheeses.Theycrushedgrapesandbottledwine.Theyspunandwove


Name:

clothingforthefamily.HadyouseenCatoonhisfarm,youwouldnothaveguessedthathewas

famous.Hedressedlikeasimplefarmer.Hewalkedouttoseehiscattleandcrops.Hegatheredgrapesinhisvineyard.Hepickedolivesfromhisolivetrees.Hemetwithhiscountryneighborsandtalkedaboutcropsandharvests.Buthealwaysclosedhisconversationsbycrying,“Carthagemustbedestroyed!”

Cato’slastdayswouldhavebeenpeacefulenough,ifithadnotbeenforthebitterhatredwhichheboretowardCarthage.WheneverhewenttoRome,itwastostiruphisfellowcitizens.Wheneverhemadeaspeech,whetheritwasaboutpoliticsorreligionorfarming,healwaysendedwitharingingcry,“Carthagemustbedestroyed!”Andwhen,atlength,wornoutbyoldage,helaydownforthelasttimeuponhishard,humblecot,hisfinalwordswere,“Carthagemustbedestroyed!”

18.1 continued


1. CatothecensorsaidwhataboutCarthageandRome?Why?

Whathesaid:___________________________________________________________________

2. Why?___________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

3. WhydidCatothinkhewaswrongthatRomewastherichestandmostpowerfulcityintheworld?

A. HesawthatCarthagehadbeendestroyedbywarandleftinruins.

B. HesawallthegreatthingshappeninginCarthagethatwerenothappeninginRome.

C. HesawthatalltheimportantmeninCarthageworetogaswithapurpleborder.

D. HesawthatCarthagewasfulloffarmersandhadnotdoneanygreatthings.

4. WhydidCatosayCarthagemustbedestroyed?

__________________________________________________________________________________


Name:

5. Whatdoesthewordidlingmeaninthefollowingsentencefromtheselection?

When he saw young men dressed in fashionable clothes idling in the streets, his anger rose up within him.

A. paradingaroundthecity

B. cleaningthestreetsinniceclothes

C. doingnothing

D. runningacrosstown

6. Whydidtheauthorwritethisselection?

A. toscarepeopleintothinkingthatRomewasanunsafeplace

B. toinformpeopleaboutwhatacensordidinRome

C. tolistwaysthatRomeandCarthagewerethesame

D. todescribehowonepersonviewedCarthageasathreattoRome

7. Putthefollowingeventsfromtheselectioninthecorrectorder,usingthenumbers1–5.

_____Cato’sfinalwordswere“Carthagemustbedestroyed!”

_____CatoreturnedtohisfarmafterservingRome.

_____CatowassentasanambassadortoCarthageanddiscoveredwhatthecitywasreallylike.

_____Catotoldeveryonehecameincontactwiththat“Carthagemustbedestroyed!”

_____CatogaveastirringspeechintheForum.

18.1 continued


8. WhywouldyounothaveguessedthatCatowasfamousifyousawhimonhisfarm?

A. Hedidallthethingsafarmerdid,whichmostfamousmendidnotdo.

B. Heheldsecretgovernmentmeetingsonhisfarm.

C. HeinvitedcitizensofRometohisfarm.

D. HeinvitedcitizensofCarthagetomeetwithcitizensofRome.4.

9. Fillinthefollowingchart:

Present Tense Past Tense Future Tense

Thekittenpurred.

Myauntsmiles.

Theboywillplay.

10. Whatword,withthesuffix–or,describessomeonewhoofficiallycontrolsandleads?

__________________________________________________________________________________

11. Whichsentenceusestheverbto be correctly?

A. Thethunderstormareruiningourpicnic.

B. Thefreshtomatoisyummyandjuicy.

C. MyfriendsandIwasinthethirdgrade.

D. UncleNedamaverytalentedsinger.


Name:

12. Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformoftheverbto have.

Myfather’scar redracingstripesdownthesides.IfI

wereacar,Iwould pinkracingstripes.Mysistersaysshe

would polkadotsinsteadofracingstripes.

13. IfCatoisapersonwhoisskilledinactivityinvolvinggovernment,whatishe?(Hint:thewordhasthesuffix–ian.)

______________________________________________________________

18.1 continued


The ParrotOncetherewasagrocerwhokeptapetparrot.Theparrotwasasmartbird.She

saweverythingthegrocerdidandunderstood.Onedaythegrocerwasfillingbagswithbrownsugar.Hetookoutabagofsand

andmixedsomesandinwiththesugar.Thisallowedhimtofilltwelvebagsinsteadoftheusualten.

Laterthatday,acustomercameintotheshop.Hetookabagofsugarandplaceditonthecounter.

Theparrotcalledout,“Sandinthesugar!Sandinthesugar!”“Shhh!”saidthegrocer.Buttheparrotcouldnotkeepquiet.Shecalledoutagain,“Sandinthesugar!

Sandinthesugar!”Thecustomerputthesugarbackandlefttheshopwithoutbuyinganything.“Youlousybird!”criedthegrocer.“I’llthankyoutokeepyourmouthshutin

thefuture!”Afewdayslater,thetrickygrocerwasfillingbagsofcocoapowder.Hemixedin

somebrickdust.Inthisway,hewasabletofilltwelvebagsinsteadoftheusualten.Aladycameintheshop.Shewasallsettobuyabagofcocoapowder.Then,the

parrotcalledout,“Brickdustinthecocoa!Brickdustinthecocoa!”Theladylookedatthegrocer.Shesawaguiltylookonhisface.Sheputthe

cocoapowderbackandlefttheshop.Thegrocerwasfurious.“Whatareyoudoing?Areyoutryingtoputmeoutof

business?Listenhere!Ifyouknowwhat’sgoodforyou,youwillkeepyourmouthshut!”

Afewdayslater,thegrocermadeabatchoffakebutter.Hegotabigjaroflard.Then,hemixedinsomeyellowspicetomakethelardlooklikebutter.

Acookcameintotheshopandgrabbedapoundofthefakebutter.“Lardinthebutter!”criedtheparrot.“Lardinthebutter!”Thecookputthebutterbackandlefttheshop.


Name:

Thatwastoomuchforthetrickygrocer.Hetooktheparrot’scageoutside.Then,hethrewopenthedoor.Whentheparrotflewout,thegrocerswattedherwithhisbroom.Thepoorparrotfelltothegroundandlaytherewithoutmoving.

Thegrocerthoughttheparrotwasdead.Hewentbackintohisshop.Afewminuteslatertheparrotwokeup.Shewasnotdeadafterall.Theparrotlookedaroundandsawadeadcatlyingnexttohim.“Perhapshe,too,waskilledfortellingthetruth,”saidtheparrot.“Clearlythisis

nocountryforanhonestparrot.Iwillleavethislandandseeksomecountrywheretruthishonored.”

Theparrotflappedherwingsandflewaway.Butwhethershefoundthelandshewasseeking,nobodycansay.Perhapssheisstillsearching,eventoday.

18.1 continued


14. Whatdideachbuyerdoeverytimetheparrotspoke?

_______________________________________________________________________________

15. Whichofthefollowingchoicesliststheitemsthatthegrocermadefake?

A. bricks,sand,lard

B. sugar,sand,cocoapowder

C. sugar,cocoapowder,butter

D. cocoapowder,lard,sand

16. Whydidtheparrotlieonthegroundwithoutmovingafterthegrocerswattedherwithhisbroom?

_________________________________________________________________

17. Whatdoesthewordswattedmeaninthefollowingsentencefromtheselection?

When the parrot flew out, the grocer swatted her with his broom.

A. grabbed

B. hit

C. pet

D. plucked


Name:

18. Wheredidtheparrotgoaftersheflewaway?

A. Nobodycansaybecausenobodyknows.

B. Shefoundanewshoptolivein.

C. Peoplehaveseenherflyingaround.

D. Shecamebacktothegrocer’sshop.

19. Whydidtheparrotwarnthecustomersabouttheitemstheywereabouttobuy?

_________________________________________________________________________________

20. Createasentenceusingthefollowingsubjectandformoftheverb:subject:Thegreenlizard

verb: take,pasttense

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

21. Whichofthefollowingwordswiththesuffix–aldescribesthegenreofthisselection?

A. fictional

B. coastal

C. nutritional

D. musical

18.1 continued


22. Usethepasttenseoftheverbbringinthefollowingsentence.Thepostalcarrier_______________ourmaillatebecauseitwassnowingsohard.

23. Whichofthefollowingwordsfromtheselectionwouldappearonapagewiththeguidewordslistedbelow?paper peach

A. pet

B. poor

C. perhaps

D. parrot

24. Whatistherootwordoftheword guitarist?

___________________________________________________________________________


Name: 18.1 continued

25. Whichofthefollowingwordsmeans“fullofholesthatletsomethinginorallowsomethingtoescape?”

A. lucky

B. salty

C. dirty

D. leaky

26. Writethesentenceintheboxusingcorrectcapitalizationandpunctuation.

my teacher asked will you read your story aloud to the class

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________


Name: 18.2

Fluency Assessment Cicero Goes to the Senate

Oneday,afatherandsonwerewalkingthroughaRomanmarketwhenanimportant-lookingmanhurriedby.

“Father,”saidtheboy,“Whoisthatman?”

“ThatisCicero,”saidthefather.“MarcusTulliusCicero.”

“Whoishe?”

“Heisasenatorandagreatorator.”

“IshegoingtotheSenate?”

“Indeedheis.”

“Why?”

“Tomakeaspeech,myboy.Youcanbesureitwillbefinespeech,forthereisnofineroratorinthecity!”

“Whatwillhesay?”

“IamtoldthatheintendstospeakagainsttheconsulMarkAntony.”

Theboylookedsurprised.

“IshenotafraidtospeakagainstAntony?IamsureIwouldbe!”

“Perhapsheshouldbeafraid.ButCiceroisnoteasilyfrightened.Irememberwhenhewasjustayounglawyer.HetookRosciusasaclient.Alloftheotherlawyershadrefusedtotakehimasaclient.TheyknewthatSullahatedhimandtheywereafraidofwhatSullamightdotothem.ButCicerowasnotafraid.Hetookthecase,broughtittotrial,andwon!”

1319

27

36

39

47

53

56

57

73

81

85

98

102

116128

142158173187


“Yes!Yes!”saidanoldmanstandingnexttothem.“Irememberitwell.DoyouremembertheyearwhenCicerowasconsul?”

“IndeedIdo,”saidthefather.“ThatwastheyearoftheCatilineconspiracy.Butmysonherewasnotbornatthetime.IfearhehasneverheardofCatiline.”

“Ihaveheardthename,”saidtheboy.“ButIdonotknowwhohewas.”

“Well,then,”saidtheman.“Ihadbettergiveyoualittlehistorylesson.AsIsaid,Cicerowasconsulthatyear.Heuncoveredaplottooverthrowtherepublic.Catilinewasthemastermindbehindit.CiceromadeaspeechintheSenate.Thosewhohearditsaiditwasoneofhisbest:veryelegant,butnonetoofriendly.Catilinewasthere,intheSenate,andCicerocalledhimatraitortohisface.Helaidoutthewholeplot.Catilinehadtoleavethecity.Afewweekslater,heandhismenweredefeated.”

Theboythoughtforamoment.“Youdon’tthinkthatCicerowillattackMarkAntonyintheSenateinthesamewayheattackedCatiline,doyou?”

“Hemay,”saidthefather.“Heisamanofgreatcourageandthesearewildtimes.Itisimpossibletotellwhatmayhappennext.”

201210223239242258272286298314327343355367381382

397

408


Name:

W.C.P.M. Calculation Worksheet

Student: Date:

Story: Cicero Goes to the Senate

Totalwords:408

Words Time

Words Read

Uncorrected Mistakes

Words Correct

Finish Time

Start Time

Elapsed Time

Minutes Seconds

× 60( ) + =

W.C.P.M.

÷ × 60=

Time in Seconds

Words Correct Time in Seconds W.C.P.M.

Compare the student’s W.C.P.M. score to national norms for Winter of Grade 3 (Hasbrouck and Tindal, 2006):

W.C.P.MNational Percentiles

for Winter, Grade 3146 90th 120 75th 92 50th 62 25th 36 10th

Comprehension Total / 5

Answers Correct Level5 Independent comprehension

level4 Instructional comprehension

level2-3 Frustration comprehension level0-1 Intensive remediation warranted

for this student

18.2 continued


Name: X.X19.1

Practice Quotation Marks

Use the following words in the chart to write sentences that show who is speaking and what is said. Be sure to use quotation marks, correct capitalization, and punctuation. For three of the sentences, start with the speaker and end with the spoken words. For the other three sentences, begin with the spoken words and end with the speaker.

Speaker What the Speaker SaidJack let’sgoupthehill

Jill that’sagreatidea

Jack whatshallwefetchwhilewearethere

Jill howaboutapailofwater

Jack it’sasteephill

Jill weshouldbecareful

1.

2.


3.

4.

5.

6.


Name:

Spelling Assessment


‘e_e’ > /ee/ ‘y’ > /ee/ ‘ey’ > /ee/

__________________ __________________ __________________

__________________ __________________ __________________

__________________ __________________ __________________

__________________ __________________ __________________

__________________ __________________ __________________

__________________ __________________ __________________

__________________ __________________ __________________

__________________ __________________ __________________

__________________ __________________ __________________

Challenge Word:__________________

Challenge Word:__________________

Challenge Word:__________________

Content Word:__________________

20.1


Dictated Sentences

1.

2.

3.


Name: PP1

The Second Rome: From Constantine to Justinian

1. WhatdidConstantinedothatchangedhowChristiansweretreated?

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

Page _____

2. WhatwasConstantine’sfavoritecityandwhatwashisgoalforthiscity?

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

Page _____

3. WhatwasJustinian’sCodeandwhywasitimportant?

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________


Name:

The Second Rome: From Constantine to JustinianConstantinewasthefirstRomanEmperortosupportChristianity.Heissuedan

orderthatmadeitillegaltoputChristianstodeath,oreventhrowtheminjail.Constantinebuiltchurchesallovertheempire.HebuiltoneinBethlehem,

whereJesuswasborn.HebuiltanotherinJerusalem,whereJesusdied.HebuiltchurchesinRomeandintheancientcityofByzantium,inpresent-dayTurkey.ByzantiumwasConstantine’sfavoritecity.HeadopteditandrenameditConstantinople.Hisgoalwastoturnthecityintoa“newRome,”asortofRomeawayfromRome.

ConstantinedidnotwantConstantinopletoreplaceRome.HehopedthatConstantinoplewouldtakeitsplacebesideRomeandthatthetwocitieswouldsurvive,sidebyside,formanyyears.HewantedRomeandConstantinopletobeliketwomightypillarssupportingtheRomanEmpire.But,intheend,oneofthosepillarscollapsed.

OneoftheemperorswhocameafterConstantinedecidedhisjobwasjusttoobig.HefeltthattheRomanEmpirewastoolargetoberuledbyanyoneman.Sohesplittheempireintotwoparts.HedeclaredthatthewesternhalfoftheEmpirewouldberuledbyoneemperor,basedinRome;theeasternhalfwouldberuledbyasecondemperor,basedinConstantinople.

Notlongaftertheempirewasdivided,invadersfromtheNorthbeganattackingtheWestern Empire.Thingsgotworseandworse.TheinvadersevenattackedRomeitself.Finally,thewesternpartoftheRomanEmpirecollapsed.

TheEastern Empire,basedinConstantinople,hadbetterluck.Itlivedon,andforawhile,evengotstronger.

MosthistoriansagreethattheEastern EmpirewasatitsbestduringthereignofJustinian.JustiniancameintopowerintheyearAD527.Thatis,hebecameemperor527yearsafterthebirthofJesusandabouttwohundredyearsafterConstantinedecidedtosupportChristianity.

PP2Take-HomeWorksheet


LikeConstantinebeforehim,JustinianwasaChristian.Hespentlotsofmoneybuildingchurches.InConstantinople,hebuiltthechurchofHagia Sophia[ho-GEE-əSoe-FEE-yə],withitsmagnificent,soaringdome.

Justinianalsocompletedanimportantbookproject.HehadscholarsgatherupallofthelawsthathadbeenpassedintheRomanEmpireovertheyears.Whatthescholarsfoundwasabigmess.Thereweresomanylaws,nobodycouldpossiblykeeptrackofthemall.Therewereoldlawsthatnolongermadesense.Therewereevenlawsthatseemedtobetheoppositeofoneanother.Onelawmightsay“itisillegaltodoX.”Thenanotherlawmightsay“it’sperfectlyfinetodoX.”Justinianhadhisscholarsgatherupallthelaws,sortthemout,andorganizethem.Whentheyweredone,theypublishedthelaws.Thenew,organizedlawsfilledseveralbooks.TheneworganizedlawswereknownasJustinian’s Code.


Name: PP3

Pompeii

1. WhichofthefollowingdescribesPompeiiin79AD?

A. Itwasaquietfarmingcommunity.

B. ItwasanislandnearRome.

C. Itwasabusymarkettown.

D. Itwasafictionalcityfromabook.

Page______

2. WhenMountVesuviuserupted,whatwasfirsttofallfromtheskyontothepeopleofPompeii?

and Page_______

3. MountVesuviuseruptedfor__________________________.Page_______

4. Whydidn’tthepeopleofPompeiiescape?

A. Therewerenotboatsavailable.

B. Therocksandgascamedownonthecitytoofast.

C. Theythoughttheywouldbesafeiftheystayed.

D. Thevolcanoeruptedatnightwhenpeoplewereasleep.


5. WhathappenedtoPompeiiandthepeoplewholivedthere?

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

6. HowwasthelostcityofPompeiifinallydiscovered?

__________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

Page________


Name: PP4

PompeiiAugust24thintheyearAD79beganlikeanyotherday.ThepeopleofPompeii

[pom-PAE]wokeupandwenttowork.Pompeiiwasabusymarkettown.Themarketwassoonfilledwithpeoplebuyingandsellingthings.

Inthedistance,thepeopleofPompeiicouldseethetopofMount Vesuvius.Everyoneknewthemountain.ItlookeddownonPompeiieveryday.Themountainwaslikeanoldfriend.Butthisfriendhadaterriblesecret.

ThepeopleofPompeiididnotknowthatMount Vesuviuswasactuallyavolcano.Itwasfullofmeltedrockandhotgas.InsideMount Vesuvius,thepressurehadbeenbuildingupforhundredsandhundredsofyears.

Aroundmidday,thegroundbegantotrembleandshake.Then,therewasatremendouscrackingnoise.Boom!FlamesandsmokeburstfromthetopofMount Vesuvius.Thepeoplelookedupandsawagreatplumeofblacksmokerisingintothesky.Then,thingsbegantofallfromthesky.Flakesofashandbitsofrockcalledpumiceshowereddown.ThepeopleofPompeiiputpillowsovertheirheadstokeepthelittlerocksfromhurtingthem.Manytriedtorunaway.

Ashandpumicefellforawhile.Then,agreatcloudofhotrockmixedupwithhotgasspilledoutofthemountainandcamesizzlingdownthemountainside.Therocksandgasthatcamedownthemountainwereheatedto400degrees,travelingat60milesanhour.ThepeopleofPompeiicouldnotoutrunit.Itsweptoverthemandwipedoutthecity.

Thevolcanoeruptedfor19hours.ThecityofPompeiiwasburied.Thebuildingswerecoveredwithash.Insomeplaces,theashwasmorethan80inchesdeep!

ThecityofPompeiidisappearedandmostpeopleforgotthatithadeverexisted.Formorethan1,500years,itlaybeneaththeash.Then,somemensetouttodigawell.Astheydugdown,theyhitastonewall.TheyhaddiscoveredthelostcityofPompeii.

Take-HomeWorksheet


Today,muchofPompeiihasbeenexcavated,ordugup.YoucangotoPompeiiandseeaRomantownpreservedexactlyasitlookedthedayitwasdestroyedinAD79.

Youcanwalkdownanoldstonestreetandimaginewhatitlookedlike2,000yearsago.

Youcanpeekintohousesandcourtyards.YoucanevenseesomeofthepaintingsandmosaicsthepeopleofPompeiihad

ontheirwalls.TheeruptionofMount Vesuviuswasadisasterforthepeoplewholivedin

Pompeii.Butitwasamarvelousthingforhistorianswhostudythepast.ByvisitingPompeiiandstudyingthecity,historianshavelearnedagreatdealaboutlifeinancientRome.


Name: X.XPP5

How Horatius Held the Bridge

The events listed below of how Horatius held the bridge are in the wrong order. Use the numbers 1-7 to put them in the right order.

___ ThebridgeovertheTiberRiverfell.

___ SextushelpedanEtruscankingraiseahugearmyandleadittoRome.

___ HoratiusandtheothertwoRomansdefeatedtheTuscan’sbestwarriors.

___ ThepeopleofRomegaveHoratiusafarmandsetupastatueofhim.

___ HoratiusvolunteeredtostandagainsttheTuscans,sothattheotherRomanscouldteardownthebridge.

___ HoratiusswamacrosstheTiberRiverbacktoRome.

___ ThemenofRomemetanddecidedtoteardownthebridgeovertheTiberRiver.


WhydoyouthinkthepeopleofRomethoughtofHoratiusasahero?

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________


Name: X.XPP6Take-HomeWorksheet

How Horatius Held the BridgeIntheearlydaysoftheRomanRepublic,Romewasindanger.Thekingshad

beendrivenout,buttheywantedtoforcetheirwaybackin.KingTarquin’sson,Sextus,wentintoanareanorthofRome.HehelpedanEtruscankingraiseahugearmy.Then,thetwoofthemsetofftoattackRome.TheyledthearmyallthewaytotheTiberRiverrightoutsideofRome.

ThemenofRomehadameeting.Theydecidedtherewasonlyonewaytosavethecity:teardownthebridgeovertheTiberRiver.IftheEtruscanarmycrossedthebridge,Romewouldbelost.ButiftheRomanscouldtearthebridgedown,theEtruscanswouldnotbeabletocrosstheriverandenterthecity.

Theconsulspoketothepeople.“Whichofyou,”heasked,“willstandforthagainsttheEtruscanswhileweteardownthebridge?”

AmannamedHoratius[hə-RAE-shus]steppedforward.“Toeverymanuponthisearth,”Horatiussaid,

Death cometh soon or late.And how can man die betterThan facing fearful odds,For the ashes of his fathers,And the temples of his gods,And for the tender motherWho dandled him to rest,And for the wife who nursesHis baby at her breast.Hew down the bridge, Sir Consul,With all the speed ye may;I, with two more to help me,Will hold the foe in play.In yon strait path a thousandMay well be stopped by three.Now who will stand on either hand,And keep the bridge with me?


TwomoremencameforwardtojoinHoratius.WhiletheotherRomansbegantearingdownthebridge,thesethreemenwentforthtofacetheEtruscanarmy.

TheEtruscanslaughedwhentheysawthethreeRomansblockingtheway.Theythoughttheywoulddefeatthemeasily.Theysentthreeoftheirbestwarriorsintobattle.TheRomanstossedoneoftheEtruscansoffthebridgeandkilledtheothertwo.

TheEtruscanssentthreemoremenintobattle.Again,theRomansdefeatedthem.

Finally,theTuscanssenttheirbravestfighterintobattle.HisnamewasAstur.HeswunghisswordandwoundedHoratiusinthethigh.Horatiusfellbackononeknee,butonlyforamoment.Then,hechargedforward.HepouncedonAsturlikeawildcatanddrovehisswordrightthroughtheEtruscan’shelmet.Asturfelltothegroundwithacrash,likeatreestruckbyoneofJupiter’sthunderbolts!

Justthen,thebridgebegantototter.ThetwoRomanshelpingHoratiusranbackacrossit.Horatiustriedtocross,butthebridgefellbeforehecouldgetacross.HewasleftalonetofacetheentireEtruscanarmy!

Horatiusprayedtotherivergod,“Oh,Tiber!FatherTiber!ARoman’slifetakethouinchargethisday!”Then,hejumpedintotheriver.Hestruggledtostayafloatinhisarmor.Henearlydrowned.But,intheend,hemadeitacrosstheroaringriver,backtoRome,wherehewaswelcomedasahero.

ThepeopleofRomegaveHoratiusafarm.Theyalsosetupastatueofhim:. . . they made a molten image,And set it up on high,And there it stands unto this dayTo witness if I lie.It stands in the Comitium,Plain for all folk to see;Horatius in his harness,halting upon one knee:And underneath is written,In letters all of gold,How valiantly he kept the bridgeIn the brave days of old.


Name: X.XPP7Past, Present, and Future Tenses

Draw a wiggly line under the verb in each sentence. Remember, future tense has the word will preceding the verb. Then, write the word present, past, or future on the line after the sentence to show the verb tense.

1. Welearnedabouttheclassificationofanimalsearlierthisyear._____________

2. Theprincesswillmarrytheprinceattheendofthefable._____________

3. Westudiedreadingaftergrammar._____________

4. Aftersupper,wewilleatthechocolatecake._____________

5. Beforeweknowit,wewillwearshortsoutsideagain!_____________

6. Iwishforapetfish._____________

7. Markplayedhisguitaralldayyesterday._____________

8. MyfriendsandIlovehamburgers._____________

9. Grandpawrotepoemswhenhewasalittleboy._____________

10. AlexanderGrahamBellinventedmanythingsinhislifetime._____________



11. Dora_______________theshampoooutofherhair.(rinse,pasttense)

12. RobinandRosie_______________hopscotchovertheweekend.(play,futuretense)

13. Mrs.White_______________usastorythisafternoon.(read,futuretense)

14. Thetalentedartists_______________theanimalstolooklife-like.(draw,pasttense)

15. Thatpen_______________toSally!(belong,presenttense)

Present tense Past tense Future tense

Sam jumps. Sam jumped. Sam will jump.

Theboysgiggled.

Iwant.

Weworried.

Thekittenwillscratch.

Thefireburns.

Thechildrenlaughed.

Motherwillbake.

Grandmawrites.


Name: X.XPP8


Draw a wiggly line under the verbs in each sentence. Write the word present, past, or future over top of the verbs.

1. Sarahwenttotheparkyesterdayandwillgototowntomorrow.

2. Grandmawrotesongswhenshewasalittlegirlandstillwritesthemtoday.

3. Beforeweknowit,wewillskidownskislopesandwillmakesnowmen.

4. Afterlunch,wewilleatdessertandwillgotoamovie.

5. ThegirlslaughedandcriedastheylistenedtoMrs.Brownreadastorytothem.

6. ThatissucholdnewsthatIamtiredofit.

7. Theprincemarriedthebeautifulprincessandwillbecomekingofthelandnow.

8. Youmademeveryhappywhenyouwrotemethatnicenote.

9. Ellieridesherhorseeverydayandwillcontinueuntilshegrowsold.

10. Inschoolyesterday,wedrewpictures,wrotestories,andplayedbasketball.


Name: X.XPP9



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Name: X.X



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PP10


Name: X.XPP11

Practice the Verb to have


1. DaveandDon (have, has)

funplayingbasketballtogether.

2. Dave (have, has)

theabilitytoslamdunkthebasketball.

3. Watchingthemplay (have, has)

beenveryentertainingforme.

4. MysisterandI (have, has)

playedagainstthemandneverwon.

5. (Have, Has)

youeverseenDaveandDonplaybasketball?

Rewritethefivesentencesaboveinthepasttense.

1.

2.


3.

4.

5.

Review: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb.

1.be:

TodayI queenforaday.Mysister

alsoqueenforaday.Togetherwe twinqueens!

2.have:

Mygoldfish orangescales.IfIwereagoldfishIwould

pinkscales.Mybrothersayshewould greenscales.


Name: X.X

Practice the Verb to have

Write a short story using your imagination and the forms of the verb to have. Use each of the words have, has, and had 3 times in your story. Add a title.

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PP12


Name: X.X

Grammar Review

See the “What is it? What was it? Riddles” below. In each case, change the verb tense of each sentence of the riddle to be either present tense or past tense, depending on which is missing.

Example:

What is it? Riddle (present tense) What was it? Riddle (past tense)Itisinmybedroom. Itwasinmybedroom

Ithasblanketsandpillowsonit. Ithadblanketsandpillowsonit.

Isleeponit. Isleptonit.

Imakeitinthemorningbeforeschool. Imadeitinthemorningbeforeschool.

Itiscomfortable. Itwascomfortable.What is it? and What was it? abed


Ikickitwithmyfeet. ____________________________

Itfliesintothegoal. ____________________________

Itisblackandwhiteandround. ____________________________

Iamnotallowedtotouchitwithmyhands. ____________________________

IplaywithitonSaturdays. ____________________________


PP13



____________________________ Ithadfourtiresandasteeringwheel.

____________________________ Itwasredwithawhiteracingstripe.

____________________________ Myfamilyrodeiniteveryday.

____________________________ Ithadafrontseatandabackseat.

____________________________ Mymotherwasthedriver.


Complete each sentence with the correct present tense form of the verb in parentheses. Write completed sentences on the blank.

1. Theturtle__________________inthelakefloatingaround.(be)

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2. Theday__________________finallybegun.(have)

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Name: X.XPP13 continued


1. InMathclass,we(add,adds)three-digitnumbers.

2. Students(talk,talks)excitedlyasaddition(am,is,are)afavoritetopic.

3. John(want,wants)toaddfour-digitnumbers.

Write a sentence using the following verb:

1. mixed

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Name: X.XPP14


Create sentences.

1. subject:Kimverb: say,presenttense

2. subject:Theboysverb:make,futuretense

3. subject:Thescaly,graysnakeverb:take,pasttense


4. subject:Mark,Mary,andMillyverb:come,futuretense

5. subject:Youverb: go,pasttense


Name: X.XPP15


Create sentences.

1. subjects:MaryandMarkverb: say and make,presenttense

2. subjects:teachersandstudentsverb:make andtake,futuretense

3. subjects:thegreenfrogandtheprincessverb:come andgo,pasttense


4. subject:Romanconsulsandsenatorsverb:sayandcome,presenttense

5. subject:neighborsandfriendsverb: go andtake,futuretense


Name: X.XPP16

Irregular Verbs (see, bring, mean, speak, and draw)

Write the correct form of the verb in the blank. Then, rewrite the sentence using a different verb tense of the same verb. You will need to change other words in the sentence. Finally, circle whether each sentence is present tense, past tense, or future tense.

Example: Last Friday, we saw (see) the clowns perform at the circus.

past present future

Tomorrow, we will see the clowns perform at the circus. past present future

1. Oneweekfromtoday,I________________(speak)infrontoftheclass.

past present future

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2. Lastweek,I_______________(bring)cupcakestoschoolformybirthday.

past present future

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3. Today,IlookatmyspellingassessmentandI________________(mean)totryhard.

past present future

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4. Maryopenshereyesand________________(see)thesunshining.

past present future

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5. You________________(draw)picturestogowithyourstorytomorrow.

past present future

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Name: X.XPP17


Create sentences.

1. subjects:Martyandherkittenverb: see and bring,presenttense

2. subjects:adultsandstudentsverb:mean andspeak,futuretense

3. subjects:theyellowdogandtheprinceverb:draw andspeak,pasttense


4. subject:authorsandreadersverb:bringandsee,pasttense

5. subject:writersandreadersverb: speak andsee,futuretense


Name: X.X

Quotation Marks

Write the sentence using correct punctuation.

1. Ilikepeanutbutterandjellysandwichesthehungryboysaid

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2. Circletheletterofthesentencethathasthecorrectpunctuationandcapitalization.

A. Theteacher,“Exclaimedwhitelightismadeupofallthecolorsoftherainbow!”

B. Theteacherexclaimed,“whitelightismadeupofallthecolorsoftherainbow!”

C. Theteacherexclaimed,“Whitelightismadeupofallthecolorsoftherainbow!”

D. Theteacherexclaimedwhitelightismadeupofallthecolorsoftherainbow!”

3. Circletheletterofthesentencethathasthecorrectpunctuationandcapitalization.

A. “Haveyoueverseenarainbowinthesky?”askedGrandma?

B. “Haveyoueverseenarainbowinthesky?”askedGrandma.

C. “Haveyoueverseenarainbowinthesky,”askedGrandma.

D. “Haveyoueverseenarainbowinthesky,”askedGrandma?

PP18


Name: X.XPP19

Write a Conversation

Write a conversation between two friends planning to go to the movies together. Use correct capitalization and punctuation.

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Name: X.X

Word Clues for Suffixes –er and –or

Choose a word from the box to answer each question and write the word on the blank.

painter actor visitor singer sailor farmer

1. Igrowcropsforfood,likecornandwheat,andfarmtheland.WhoamI?_____________________________

2. IgotoacityIhaveneverbeentobeforeforacertainperiodoftimetoexplore,learn,andexperiencesomewheredifferentfromwhereIlive.WhoamI?_____________________________

3. Imakepicturesbyusingabrushtoputaliquid-likesubstanceonpaperorcanvastomakeapicturewithlotsofcolors.WhoamI?_____________________________

4. Imakemusicalsoundswithmyvoicetoentertainpeopleandmakemusicwithmyband.WhoamI?_____________________________

5. IpretendtobeacharacterandIgetinfrontofacameratoactlikethatcharactertomakemoviesandTVshows.WhoamI?_____________________________

PP20


6. ItravelonwaterbyboatandIliketowaitforwindydayssomyboatwillgofarther.WhoamI?_____________________________

Create your own word clue for the words below.

1. Word:player

Clue:___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________WhoamI?

2. Word:inspector

Clue:___________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________WhoamI?


Name: X.X

Practice Using Suffixes –ist and –ian

Read each sentence. Decide which word from the box replaces the underlined words and write it on the line. Write the part of speech for the word as well.

organist politician pediatrician novelist mathematician guitarist

1. Thepersonwhoisskilledinthebranchofmedicinedealingwithbabiesandchildrenhadtoseeaverysickbabybeforehecameintotheroomtocheckonmyrash.Word:______________PartofSpeech:_______________________

2. Morethanonepersonwhoisskilledinthestudyofnumbers,amounts,shapes,andmeasurementsandtheirrelationtoeachotherhelpedwritethetextbookandactivitiesweuseinclass.Word:______________PartofSpeech:_______________________

3. OnSaturdaynightsatanoldtheaterdowntown,apersonwhoplaysamusicalinstrumentsimilartoapianobutlargerandwithmorekeyboardsplaysmusicontheinstrumentthatrisesupfrombelowthestagebeforetheshowbegins.Word:_____________PartofSpeech:_______________________

4. Apersonwhoisskilledinactivityinvolvedwithgovernmentwhohasbeeninstategovernmentforyearsannouncedthatheisretiringwhenhistermendsnextyear.Word:______________PartofSpeech:________________

PP21


5. Sometimes,apersonwhowritesormakesfictionalbookscreatesaseriesthatfollowscharactersandsometimesheorshejustwritesavarietyofstoriesaboutdifferentcharacters.Word:______________PartofSpeech:_______________________

6. Thepersonwhoplaysamusicalinstrumentthatusuallyhassixstringsandalongneckhadthreedifferentinstrumentsthathetookturnsplayingfordifferentsongsduringtheconcert.Word:______________PartofSpeech:_______________________

Write your own sentence for each word provided using the definition. Underline the definition.

1. Word:artist PartofSpeech:noun

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2. Word:musician PartofSpeech:noun

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Name: X.XPP22

Practice Using Suffixes –y and –al

Choose the best word to complete the sentence. Write it on the line.

1. The (musical, coastal)

townsinthisareaareknownforfishing,

especiallycrabs,whichareverypopularatrestaurantsthistimeofyear.

2. Whenitrains,mysister’shairisvery (curly, leaky)

3. Ifeel (dirty, lucky)

thatIdidnotgethurtverybadlywhenIfelloffmy

bikeatthepark.

4. DuringouttriptoNewMexico,wesawsome (traditional, coastal)

NativeAmericanceremoniesanddances.

5. Mybrotherhasmore (magical, musical)

talentthanIdobecausehecan

playthreeinstrumentsbutIcanonlyplayone.

6. The (leaky, dirty)

faucetonthesinkinourclassroomdrippedall

afternoonandwasverydistracting.


Write a sentence using each word given.

1. dirty

2. nutritional


Name: X.X

Word Sort

Identify the headers. Read the words in the box and circle the vowels that have the /ee/ sound. Write the words under each header that match the header’s spelling pattern.

‘e’ > /ee/ ‘ee’ > /ee/

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_____________________ _____________________

_____________________ _____________________

_____________________ _____________________

_____________________ _____________________

_____________________ _____________________

heel merit

heal keep

defend geometry

elevator sneer

recess read

speedbump reed

greedy reality

vegan

PP23


Name: X.XPP24

Word Sort

Identify the headers. Read the words in the box and circle the vowels that have the /ee/ sound. Write the words under each header that matches the header’s spelling pattern.

‘y’ > /ee/ ‘ey’ > /ee/ ‘e_e’ > /ee/

____________ ____________ ____________

____________ ____________ ____________

____________ ____________ ____________

____________ ____________ ____________

____________ ____________ ____________

____________ ____________ ____________

stampede crusty

myth supreme

monkey jockey

icy deny

reality royalty

kidney honey

Crete trapeze


Name: X.XPP25

Use Guide Words to Alphabetize

First, underline the guide words. Next, read the possible entry words. Then, circle the entry words that would go on the same page as the guide words. Finally, write the guide words and entry words in alphabetical order. If needed, a table for alphabetizing is provided for each item.

1.

GuideWordsretag roster Alphabetize

PossibleEntryWords: retire ____________________

riptide ____________________

retail ____________________

rotator ____________________

____________________

____________________


2.

GuideWords: seam sustain Alphabetize

PossibleEntryWords: serious ____________________

succeeded ____________________

screech ____________________

scene ____________________

____________________

____________________


Glossary for Stories of Ancient Rome

Aadvisor—apersonwhooffersadviceandhelp

aid—toofferhelp

ambrosia—thedrinkofthegods;Thosewhodrankitbecameimmortal.

aqueduct—astonestructurebuilttocarrywaterfromthecountryintothecity(aqueducts)

architecture—designorstyleofbuildings

arena—theareaofastadiumwheretheeventsactuallytakeplace

armor—aprotectivecovering,usuallymadeofmetal,wornbysoldiersinbattle

Augustus—JuliusCaesar’sadoptedsonwhochangedancientRomefromarepublictoanempirebybecomingtheemperor

avalanche—snow,ice,androcksthatsuddenlyfalldownthesideofamountain(avalanches)

BBC/BCE—BeforeChrist(Jesus);BeforetheChristianEraorBeforetheCommonEra

banquet—alargefeasttocelebratesomething

barbarian—apersonwhoiswild,sometimesviolent,anddoesnotbehavetherightway(barbarians)

PP26Take-HomeWorksheet


beautiful—verypretty,lovely

beauty—beingpretty

befriend—tobecomefriendswith(befriended)

blacksmith—apersonwhomoldshotironintometalobjects

Byzantium—ancientcityintheeasternpartoftheRomanEmpire,latercalledConstantinople

CCarthage—cityonthecoastofAfricathatRomanssawasarivalcity(Carthaginians,Carthaginian)

chariot—acartwithtwowheelsandnoseatsthatispulledbyhorses;Thedriverstandsupinthecarttoholdthehorses’reins.

Christianity—areligionbasedontheteachingsofJesus(Christian)

Circus Maximus—alargestadiumwherechariotraceswereheld

civil war—awarbetweengroupswithinthesamecountry

civilization—agroupofpeoplelivingtogether,oftenincities,withthesamelaws,leadersandformofgovernment,languageandwritingsystem(civilizations)

Cleopatra—theQueenofEgypt;ShebecamequeenwithhelpfromJuliusCaesar.

collapse—tosuddenlyfail(collapsed)

Colosseum—ahugearenainRomewherepeoplewouldgotowatchevents,mainlygladiatorfights,thatisoneofthemostrecognizablebuildingsfromtheRomanEmpire

conduct—tocarryout,suchasanactivity


confident—sure,certain

confront—tomeetface-to-face(confronted)

conquer—totakecontrolofsomethingbyforce(conquered)

conspirator—apersonwhohassecretlyplannedtodosomethingharmful(conspirators)

Constantine—theEmperorwhoendedthewarbetweentheRomansandChristianity;thefirstRomanEmperortoconverttoChristianity

Constantinople—newnameforthecityofByzantiumandConstantine’sfavoritecity,whichhewantedtoturnintoa“newRome”

consul—oneoftwotopofficialselectedtogoverntheRomanrepublic(consuls)

counter-attack—amilitaryresponsetoanattack

crouch—tostooporsquat(crouched)

cruel—mean,causingpainonpurpose

curious—wantingtoknowmore

DDamocles—afriendofDionysiuswhowantedtobekingandhaveDionysius’slife

dangle—tohangloosely(dangling)

defeat—towinavictoryover(defeated)

democracy—akindofgovernmentinwhichpeopleareelectedasrepresentativesfreelyandequallybyallpeopleofvotingage

depart—toleave


dictator—apersonwhorulesacountrywithtotalcontrol,ofteninacruelway;Adictatorisnotelected.(dictators)

Dionysius—thekingofSyracuse,apartoftheRomanEmpire,andfriendofDamocles

divine—relatingtoGod

do his mother’s bidding—followordersfromhismother

downfall—asuddenfallfrompower

Eeager—showinggreatinterestinsomething

Eastern Empire—theeasternhalfoftheRomanEmpire

elect—tochoosethroughvotes(elected)

emperor—themaleruler/headofanempire

empire—agroupofnationsorterritoriesruledbythesameleader,anemperororempress;likeakingdom

envy—towantwhatsomeoneelsehas(envied)

establish—togainrecognitionfordoingsomethingwell(established)

Etruscan—apersonwhowaspartofacivilizationtothenorthofRomewhotheRomansdefeated(Etruscans)


Ffaith—strongreligiousbeliefs

foe—anenemy

Founding Fathers of the United States—menwhoplayedimportantrolesincreatingtheDeclarationofIndependenceandtheConstitution,includingJohnAdams,BenjaminFranklin,AlexanderHamilton,JohnJay,ThomasJefferson,JamesMadison,andGeorgeWashington

Ggladiator—amantrainedtofightpeopleandanimalsforentertainment,oftenresultingindeath(gladiators)

govern—toruleorcontrol(governed,government)

HHagia Sophia—alargeChristianchurchwithamagnificentdomebuiltbyJustinianinConstantinople

Hannibal—generalfromCarthagewholedthefightagainstRomeduringtheSecondPunicWar;Hewonmanybattlesbutlostthewar.

hew—tocutsomethingwithasharptool

historian—apersonwhowritesabouthistory(historians)

honor—aprivilegeorspecialopportunitytodosomething

Horatius—aRomansoldierwhobecameaherobyfightingtheEtruscanarmywithtwoothermensothattheotherRomanscouldescape;HejumpedintheriverduringthefightanddrifteddownstreamtoRome.


Iillegal—againstthelaw

immortal—abletoliveforever

invade—toattackorenteraplaceinordertotakecontrolofit

Jjealousy—wantingwhatsomeoneelsehas,wantingcompleteattention(jealous)

Jesus—areligiousteacherborninthePalestineregionoftheRomanEmpire,alsocalledJesusChrist;Christianityisbasedonhisteachings.

Julius Caesar—aRomangeneralwhoconqueredmanylandsandexpandedtheRomanrepublic;Afterservingasaconsul,hedecidedhedidnotlikethewaytherepublicwasrun.Hebecameadictator,wasthenseenasathreat,andwaskilled.

Justinian—greatemperoroftheEasternEmpirewhobuilttheHagiaSophiaandorganizedlawsintoJustinian’sCode

Justinian’s Code—thelawsorganizedandpublishedbyJustinian

LLatin—thelanguageofancientRome

laugh—togiggleorchuckleatsomethingthatisfunny

legendary—well-knownorstemmingfromanoldstorypasseddownfromlongagothatisusuallynottrue


Mmagnificent—impressiveandbeautiful

marriage—thecommittedpartnershipbetweentwopeopletomakeahomeandraiseafamily

Mediterranean—theseaaroundwhichtheRomanscreatedtheirempire;animportantbodyofwaterfortrade,war,andtransportation

messenger—someonewhodeliversmessagesbackandforth

miracle—anamazingeventwithnoexplanation,believedtobeanactofGod(miracles)

mission—averyimportantjob

monarchy—akindofgovernmentinwhichakingorqueenrulesandselectswhowillruleafterhis/herdeath,usuallytheoldestson

mosaic—artmadebyputtingsmallpiecesofglassortiletogethertoformapicture(mosaics)

Mount Olympus—thehomeoftheRomangodsandgoddesses

Mount Vesuvius—avolcanothateruptedinAD79andwipedoutthecityofPompeii

Oofficial—apersonwhoholdsanofficeandhasauthority(officials)


PPantheon—atemplebuilttohonoralloftheRomangods

patrician—apersonfromanold,wealthy,powerfulfamilyintheRomanrepublicwhoheldgovernmentpositions(patricians)

pillar—acolumnthatsupportsabuildingorasupportingpartofsomething(pillars)

pity—tofeelsorryorunhappyforsomeone

plebeian—anordinarypersonwhowaspoorandhadlittleeducationorpowerintheRomanrepublic(plebeians)

plume—acloudofsmokethatrisesintotheairinatall,thinshape

Pompeii—acityintheRomanEmpirethatwaswipedoutwhenMountVesuviuserupted

preserve—tosaveinitsoriginalformsothatitremainsthesame(preserved)

prick—tomakeasmallholewithsomethingsharp(pricked)

priestess—awomanwhoperformsspecialdutiestohonorandcommunicatewiththegods

pumice—grayvolcanicrock

Punic War—oneofthethreewarsfoughtbetweentheRomansandtheCarthaginiansovercontroloftheMediterranean(Punic Wars)

Rransom—moneypaidtofreesomeonewhohasbeencapturedorkidnapped


reform—tochangethewaythingsaredonetomakethembetter(reformed)

reign—periodoftimeduringwhicharulerisincharge

religion—thebeliefinagodormanygods

Remus—oneofthebrotherswhostartedRomeaccordingtolegend;HewaskilledbyhisbrotherRomulusinafightoverwheretobuildthecity.

republic—akindofgovernmentinwhichpeopleareelectedasrepresentativestorule

revolt—riotorrevolutionagainstarulerorgovernment

rival—anenemy

Romulus—oneofthebrotherswhostartedRomeaccordingtolegend;HekilledhisbrotherRemusinafightoverwheretobuildthecityandthenbuiltRomeandnameditafterhimself.

rough—notcalm

Rubicon—theriverJuliusCaesarcrossedeventhoughtheRomansenatorswarnedhimnotto,leadingtoacivilwar

ruins—theremainsofsomethingthathasfallenorbeendestroyed

Ssatyr—acreaturewhowashalfman,halfgoatandwasoftenfoundwithBacchus(satyrs)

scholar—apersonwithalotofknowledgeaboutacertainsubject(scholars)


Senate—agroupofmen(senators)whowereelectedtorepresentthepeoplewhovotedforthemandmettomakedecisionsandpasslawsfortheRomanrepublic;AmericangovernmenttodayalsohasaSenate(andsenators).(senators)

she-wolf—afemalewolf

shrine—aplacewherepeoplepraytoorworshipgodsandgoddesses

subjects—peoplewhoareruledbyakingoremperor

Ttalent—aunitofmeasurementinancientRome,equaltoabout71pounds,usedtomeasuregoldandsilver(talents)

taunt—toteaseormakesomeoneupsetbymakingfunoforbeingmeantotheperson

thou—oldfashionedwayofsaying“you”

threat—someoneorsomethingthatisormaybedangerous

tradition—custom(traditions)

traitor—someonewhoisnotloyal

trial—ameetingincourttodetermineifsomeonehasbrokenthelaw

trident—Neptune’smagical,three-prongedspearthatwasshapedlikeafork

tyrant—arulerwhoismean,harsh,andactswithoutregardforlawsorrules

Uunderworld—undergroundplacewheredeadpeople’sspiritsgo

unusual—rare


Vvaliantly—inabraveandcourageousmanner

Veni, vidi, vici [wae-NEE,wee-DEE,wee-KEE]—Icame,Isaw,Iconquered,JuliusCaesar’sreportabouthiseffortsinAsia

vicious—dangerous,violent,mean

victorious—havingwonabattle,war,orcontest

volcano—amountainwithopeningsthroughwhichmeltedrock,ash,andhotgasesexplode

WWestern Empire—thewesternhalfoftheRomanEmpire

wisdom—knowledgeandgoodjudgmentgainedovertime

Yye—oldfashionedwayofsaying“you”

yon—distant


Writing Prompts

Unit 4:1. WriteaparagraphjudgingwhetherJuliusCaesarwasa

goodleaderornot.Usedetailstosupportyouranswer.

2. WriteapageofdialoguepersuadingreaderstodigupthelostcityofPompeii.

3. ExplainhowtheRomangovernmentservedasagoodmodelforourgovernment.

4. MakeachartshowingbackgroundfactsyouknewbeforereadingthisReaderandnewfactslearned.

5. Debate(inwrittenform)whetheritwasagoodideaforHannibaltocrossthemountainswithasquadofelephants.

6. WritingasHoratius,persuadeotherstojoinyouinholdingthebridge.

Either fiction or nonfiction:1. Summarizethestoryorchapteryoureadinthreetofive

sentences.

2. Afterreadingthisstoryorchapter,Iwonder...

3. Namethreethingsyoulikedaboutthestoryorchapter.

4. Makeatimelineofthreetofiveeventsinyourreadingtoday.

5. PretendyouareaTVreporterwhohastointerviewthemaincharacterorpersoninthestoryorchapteryouread,andwritedownfivequestionsyouwouldask.

6. Makeapredictionaboutwhatwillhappennextinthestoryorchapteryoujustread.Explainwhyyouthinkthiswillhappen.

7. Pretendyouarethemaincharacterorapersoninthestoryorchapteryoureadtodayandwriteadiaryentryforthatperson.

8. Tellaboutsomethinginthestoryorchapteryoureadtodaythatissimilartosomethingyouhavealreadyread.

9. DrawaVenndiagramtoshowwhatisalikeand/ordifferentbetweentwocharactersorpeopleinthestoryorchapteryouread.

10. Howdoesthetitlefitthestoryorchapter?Suggestanothertitle.

11. Writedownthreenewwordsyoulearnedwhilereadingandtellwhattheymean.Useeachwordinanewsentence.

12. Namethreequestionsyouwouldasktheauthorofthestoryorchapter.

Fiction:1. Tellaboutthesetting.

2. Tellabouttheplot.

3. Tellaboutyourfavoritecharacter.Writethreereasonswhyyouchosethatcharacter.

4. Whichcharacterisyourleastfavorite?Writethreereasonswhyyouchosethatcharacter.

5. Giveexamplesofpersonificationfromthestory.

6. Drawalinedownthecenterofyourpaper.Ononesidewritethetitleofyourfavoritestory.Ontheothersidewritethetitleofwhatyouarereadingtoday.Compareandcontrastthemaincharacter,thesetting,andtheplot.

7. Writeadifferentendingforthestory.

8. Ifyoucouldbeanycharacterinthestoryorchapteryoureadtoday,whowouldyoube?Givethreereasonswhy.

9. Inventaconversationordialoguebetweentwocharactersorpeopleinthestoryorchapterthatyouread.Writewhateachcharactersaysanddon’tforgettousequotationmarks.

10. Describeacharacter,setting,orplotthatsurprisedyou.Explainwhatitwasandwhyitsurprisedyou.

11. Tellaboutaproblemthatsomeoneinthestoryorchapterhadandwhatheorshedidaboutit.

Nonfiction:1. Describesomethingthatyoulearnedfromwhatyou

readtoday.

2. Writeatleastthreequestionsyouhaveafterreadingthechapteraboutthetopicinthechapter.

3. Inthreesentences,summarizewhatyoureadtoday.


Conference Record For Reader’s Journal

Date:______________

TitleofBookStudentisReading:___________________________

Isjournalcomplete?Yes___ No___

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Teachernotes:

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Teachernotes:

Name: ____________________________________________________


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Core Knowledge language arts

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E. D. Hirsch, Jr.

President

Linda Bevilacqua

editorial staffCarolyn Gosse, Senior Editor - PreschoolKhara Turnbull, Materials Development ManagerMichelle L. Warner, Senior Editor - Listening & Learning

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aCKnowledgMentsThese materials are the result of the work, advice, and encouragement of numerous individuals over many years. Some of those singled out here already know the depth of our gratitude; others may be surprised to find themselves thanked publicly for help they gave quietly and generously for the sake of the enterprise alone. To helpers named and unnamed we are deeply grateful.

Contributors to earlier versions of these MaterialsSusan B. Albaugh, Kazuko Ashizawa, Nancy Braier, Kathryn M. Cummings, Michelle De Groot, Diana Espinal, Mary E. Forbes, Michael L. Ford, Ted Hirsch, Danielle Knecht, James K. Lee, Diane Henry Leipzig, Martha G. Mack, Liana Mahoney, Isabel McLean, Steve Morrison, Juliane K. Munson, Elizabeth B. Rasmussen, Laura Tortorelli, Rachael L. Shaw, Sivan B. Sherman, Miriam E. Vidaver, Catherine S. Whittington, Jeannette A. Williams

We would like to extend special recognition to Program Directors Matthew Davis and Souzanne Wright who were instrumental to the early development of this program.

sChoolsWe are truly grateful to the teachers, students, and administrators of the following schools for their willingness to field test these materials and for their invaluable advice: Capitol View Elementary, Challenge Foundation Academy (IN), Community Academy Public Charter School, Lake Lure Classical Academy, Lepanto Elementary School, New Holland Core Knowledge Academy, Paramount School of Excellence, Pioneer Challenge Foundation Academy, New York City PS 26R (The Carteret School), PS 30X (Wilton School), PS 50X (Clara Barton School), PS 96Q, PS 102X (Joseph O. Loretan), PS 104Q (The Bays Water), PS 214K (Michael Friedsam), PS 223Q (Lyndon B. Johnson School), PS 308K (Clara Cardwell), PS 333Q (Goldie Maple Academy), Sequoyah Elementary School, South Shore Charter Public School, Spartanburg Charter School, Steed Elementary School, Thomas Jefferson Classical Academy, Three Oaks Elementary, West Manor Elementary.

And a special thanks to the CKLA Pilot Coordinators Anita Henderson, Yasmin Lugo-Hernandez, and Susan Smith, whose suggestions and day-to-day support to teachers using these materials in their classrooms was critical.


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