Unit 2: The Islamic WorldUnit 2: The Islamic World

Chapter 3: The Rise Chapter 3: The Rise of Islamof Islam

Geography and Life in Geography and Life in ArabiaArabia

Origins of IslamOrigins of Islam Islamic Beliefs and Islamic Beliefs and

PracticesPractices

Chapter 4: The Chapter 4: The Spread of IslamSpread of Islam

Early ExpansionEarly Expansion Muslim EmpiresMuslim Empires Cultural AchievementsCultural Achievements

Chapter 3: The Rise of Chapter 3: The Rise of IslamIslam

Key WordsKey Words sand dunessand dunes oasisoasis sedentarysedentary caravancaravan souksouk

MuhammadMuhammad IslamIslam MuslimMuslim Qur’anQur’an shrineshrine pilgrimagepilgrimage mosquemosque

jihadjihad SunnahSunnah Five Pillars of IslamFive Pillars of Islam

Geography and Life in Geography and Life in ArabiaArabia Chapter 3 – Sect. 1

Origins of IslamOrigins of IslamChapter 3 – Sect. 2

Mosque in Medina

Ramadan - 2010

“Allah” in calligraphy

Muhammad, c. 570-632c. AD 570 – Birthc. AD 610 – Message from angelc. AD 613 – Begins to spread the wordc. AD 622 – Leaves Mecca for Medina

(known as the hegira)Start of the Islamic Calendar

c. AD 632 - Death

Islamic Beliefs and PracticesIslamic Beliefs and PracticesChapter 3 – Sect. 3

Chapter 4: The Spread Chapter 4: The Spread of Islamof Islam

Key WordsKey Words Abu BakrAbu Bakr caliphcaliph tolerancetolerance

JanissariesJanissaries Mehmed IIMehmed II sultansultan Suleyman ISuleyman I haremharem ShiaShia SunniSunni

Ibn BattutahIbn Battutah SufismSufism Omar KhayyamOmar Khayyam patronspatrons minaretminaret calligraphycalligraphy

Early ExpansionEarly ExpansionChapter 4 – Sect. 1

Umayyad Mosque - Damascus

Mosque in Malaysia

Indonesia

Abu Bakr stops Meccan Mob.jpg

caliph

The Berbers (Moors) - Spain

Trade Helps Spread Islam

Important Muslim CitiesImportant Muslim Cities

BaghdadBaghdad CórdobaCórdoba

Chapter 4 – Sect. 1 (cont.)

History and Geography: The History and Geography: The HajjHajjEvery year, as many as __________ Muslims make a Every year, as many as __________ Muslims make a religious journey, or ____________, to Mecca, Saudi religious journey, or ____________, to Mecca, Saudi Arabia. This journey, called ________, is one of the Arabia. This journey, called ________, is one of the ____________________________—all Muslims are ____________________________—all Muslims are expected to make the journey at least ______ in expected to make the journey at least ______ in their lifetime if they can. their lifetime if they can.         Mecca is the place where _______________ lived Mecca is the place where _______________ lived and taught more than 1,300 years ago. As a and taught more than 1,300 years ago. As a result, it is the holiest city in Islam. The pilgrims result, it is the holiest city in Islam. The pilgrims who travel to Mecca each year serve as who travel to Mecca each year serve as _______________________ of the connection between _______________________ of the connection between history and geography.history and geography.

What are some of the places from which Muslims begin their journey to Mecca? _____________________________________________________________________________________

Why is Mecca the holiest city in Islam? ________________________________________________

Muslim EmpiresMuslim EmpiresChapter 4 – Sect. 2Ottoman Empire

Muslim EmpiresMuslim EmpiresChapter 4 – Sect. 2 (cont.)

Safavid Empire

Muslim EmpiresMuslim EmpiresChapter 4 – Sect. 2 (cont.)Mughal Empire

Cultural AchievementsCultural AchievementsChapter 4 – Sect. 3

Astronomy Geography

Math Medicine

Muslim scientists used astrolabes like this one to figure out their location, direction, and even the time of day.

Ibn Battutah traveled to Africa, India, China, and Spain in the 1320s. To help travelers on their way, Muslim geographers made more accurate maps to help them on their way.

The Muslim mathematician al-Khwarizmi then used new ideas to write a math textbookfor algebra.

Al-Razi discovered how to diagnose and treat the deadly disease smallpox.

Cultural AchievementsCultural AchievementsChapter 4 – Sect. 3 (cont.)

Philosophy Literature

Architecture Art

Sufism teaches that people can find God’s love by having a personal relationship with God. People who practice Sufism are called Sufis.

Omar Khayyam was one of the most famous Sufi poets.

A minaret is a narrow tower from which Muslims are called to prayer.

Because Muslims believe that only Allah can create humans and animals, Muslim artists turned calligraphy, or decorative, writing into an art form.

History History Close-upClose-upThe Blue Mosque

The Blue Mosque in The Blue Mosque in __________ was built in the __________ was built in the early 1600s for an early 1600s for an ___________ sultan. It upset ___________ sultan. It upset many people at the time it many people at the time it was built because they was built because they thought its _______ minaretsthought its _______ minarets—instead of the —instead of the ______________—were an ______________—were an attempt to make it ________ attempt to make it ________ as the mosque in ______.as the mosque in ______.

Why do you think the decoration of the Blue Mosque is so elaborate? ________________________________________________________________________________