UNIT 2 PART 3The Birth of a New Nation

Warm-up – Translate this paragraph “Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments

long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shown, that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable, than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such government,…….”

Thomas Jefferson, The Declaration of Independence

The French and Indian War (1754-1763) England and France

go to war over colonial territories

The Navigation Acts – laws that gave England control of colonial trade

British Victory in French and Indian War Britain (England) wins but is heavily in debt. Expect the colonies to help pay cost

The Albany Plan of Union (1754) Plan proposed by

Ben Franklin for the colonies to unite for mutual defense

Rejected but shows that the colonies are considering unifying.

Proclamation of 1763 No settlements

beyond the Appalachian Mtns.

Prevents conflict w/ Native Americans but enrages farmers who wish to have more land.

Stamp Act (1765) British tax on newspapers

and legal documents First tax on colonies by

Parliament “No taxation without

representation” – becomes slogan of revolution

Boycott - Colonists refuse to buy British products

Stamp Act Congress (1765) Meeting of

representatives from each colony in New York to protest actions of King

Stamp Act is repealed because of boycotts

Declaratory Act (1767) Parliament ‘declares’

it has the right to make decisions for and tax the colonies “in all cases”

Townshend Acts (1766) Set of laws that further restricted

colonial rights Writs of Assistance general warrants

to search any property at any time,

The Boston Massacre (March 5, 1770) British soldiers shoot into angry crowd

and kill 5 colonists Became propaganda for those who

wanted revolution

The Tea Act (1773) Made British East India Tea exempt from

taxes and cheaper than colonial tea. Gives British a business advantage.

The Boston Tea Party (1773)

Colonists dump English tea into Boston Harbor to protest tea act.

The Coercive/Intolerable Acts(1774) Took away colonists

civil rights, including trial by jury

The First Continental Congress (1774) 12 Colonies send

delegates (representatives) to Philadelphia to address concerns.

Send request to king demanding rights be restored

The Battles of Lexington and Concord (April 1775) British soldiers and

colonists fight first battles of Revolution.

“The shot heard round the world” – influenced independence movements around the world

The 2nd Continental Congress(1775-1776) Delegates returned to Philadelphia to

determine next step Eventually decide to fight for

independence

The Declaration of Independence July 4, 1776 Document declaring

the colonies free from British control

Who wrote Common Sense and what was its purpose? Thomas Paine Purpose was to

encourage revolution

Who wrote the Declaration of Independence Thomas Jefferson

Two Purposes of Declaration

Declare independence

State the reasons why

John Locke’s Influence on Declaration of Independence All men equal All men entitled to

rights Government power

comes from the people

Right to abolish an oppressive government

John Locke’s Social Contract Government is

created to secure rights of people and when it fails to do this the people have the right to abolish it.