Unit 2: MATTER (Food & Cooking) Unit 2 EQ: What is the nature of matter? Mon 11/09 TuesWedThursFri CW Anchor Assignment : The Boy Who Harnessed the Wind Final Due Date for Both AR Test Results & Tasks = FRIDAY Unpack U2Vocab ExpertVocab Presentations The Boy Who Harnessed Wind DUE HWScience Fair Project (Check in) Study Vocab My Kitchen Chaos What is it? What do chemists study? Giants of Science (Chemistry) Can you see yourself? Whats your decision? Why? Unpacking GPS Is it Matter? Put an X in front of each thing you think would be classified as matter. ____Rocks____Magnetic Force ____Salt____Baby Powder ____Mars____Dissolved Sugar ____Light_____Sound Waves ____Cells____ Love____ Smoke____ Gravity ____Milk____ Oxygen___Electricity____ Heat Explain your thinking. Describe the rule you used to decide whether something is or is not matter. Lesson EQ: How can the properties of matter be described? Vocabulary Dissolvability Boiling Point Combustibility Substance Density Melting Point Phase of Matter Corrosion Chemical property Mixture Flammability Oxidation Physical property Molecule(s) Reactivity Become an Expert Be an Active Listener TERM When, where, & under what conditions might I find this word? What makes this an important word for me to know? How does this word fit with other words and concepts I know? Dissolvability Boiling Point Combustibility Substance Density Melting Point Phase of Matter Corrosion Chemical property Mixture Flammability Oxidation Physical property Molecule(s) Reactivity Physical or Chemical? Assessment Prompt Unit 2 EQ: What is the nature of matter? Mon 11/16 TuesWedThursFri CWDensityDissolvabilityInvestigation: PEEPS Phase Changes HWScience Fair Project (Check in) Study Vocab Assessment Prompt Physical Property: DENSITY IQ: Will it sink or float? ITEMPREDICTIONOBSERVATION Orange Peeled Orange Apple Lemon Foam Cup Soda Diet Soda Raisins Cereal Marshmallow WARM UP: Physical or Chemical? Explain your thinking. Heating Marshmallows for Smores Salt Dissolves in Water Metal Roof Rusting Dissolving a Sugar Cube in Tea Boiling Water Milk Sours Mowing the Lawn Explanation Density = Mass/Volume Density of Water (H 2 0) = 1.0 g/mL Tools of Science Triple Beam Balance/Digital Scale = Mass Graduated Cylinder/ Water Displacement = Volume Practice Situations: Extension WARM UP - Physical Property: Dissolvability Iced Tea List the 3 primary ingredients for Sweet Tea. Identify the ingredients as either a solute or solvent. Try to find out their Chemical Formula (Write it!) Molecular Structure (Draw it!) Can you relate to this story? Tell me about something similar you have experienced. TEA SUGAR WATER Explanation: Modeling Modeling with Beans & Cracker Jacks 1.Pour 500 mL of the solvent (Cracker Jacks). 2.Pour in 50 mL of the solute (Beans). 3.Observe. 4.Stir for 2-3 seconds. 5.Observe. 6.Questions 1.Where does most of the solute settle? 2.Is this similar to your experiences making Kool-Aid orsweet tea? 3.What can you infer about how the solute interacts with the solvent? (OUTPUT) Iced Tea Cracker Jack/Bean Model New Mixture: ___________ Solute Looks Like Solvent Looks Like When mixed together, it Looks Like. Extended Thinking Unit 2 EQ: What is the nature of matter? Lesson EQ: How can the properties of matter be described? Mon 11/16 TuesWedThursFri CWRecipe for Physical Change Intro to Chemical Properties Chemical Change Caf EQ Test SCIENCE FAIR PRESENTATIONS HWStudy Vocab (study guide) Welcome Back! Physical Property: Phase WARM UP - Physical Property: Phases of Matter Modeling Actors : Atoms in 3 Water Molecules Questions: How many actors do we need? How should we stage the actors? What should we specifically make sure the actors do? What kind of props might we need? Act 1: Solid Act 2: Liquid Act 3: Gaseous Bonus Act: Plasma Language of the Phases Heat (thermal energy) Temperature C A B C D E solid liquid gas Water Phase Change Graph Mathematical Representation of the Phases Summarizing: Analyzing Data 1.What two variables are plotted on the graph? 2.Which variable is being manipulated by the experimenter? 3.What is happening to the temperature of the water during segment 3? 4.What does the temperature value for segment 2 and 4 represent? 5.What phase change is occurring during segment 2? 6. Draw the change in motion of these particles. 7. What phase change is occurring during segment 4? 8. Draw the change in motion of these particles. 9. In which segment do the water molecules have more thermal energy? Explain your thinking. WARM UP Chemical Properties: Flammability, Reactivity, Corrosion, etc. Warm Up: Card Sort Observations BEFORE ReactionObservations AFTER Reaction Chemical Equation Observations BEFORE ReactionObservations AFTER Reaction Chemical Equation (Input of Interactive Science NB) Warm Up: Card Sort Round 2 (Output of Interactive Science NB) EVIDENCE OF CHEMICAL CHANGE EXAMPLEVISUAL/DESCRIPTION PRECIPITATE FORMSSILVER NITRATE FROM VIRTUAL LAB RED SOLID SILVER FORMED IN THE LIQUID SOLUTION Warm Up: Answer Key Culminating Task: Should I eat the cookies? A mystery white substance spilled on our cookie dough. What is it?....How can the properties of matter help us identify it? Once we identify the substanceshould we eat the cookies? So..lets investigate some properties. PropertiesMystery 1Mystery 2Mystery 3Mystery 4Mystery 5Mystery 6 Easily Observed Physical Properties (Under a Hand Lens) Physical Property: Ph Level (Is it an acid or base?) What happens in Iodine? . in Water . in Vinegar The Options: Establish a Baseline PropertiesFlourSugarSaltBaking Powder Baking Soda Corn Starch Easily Observed Physical Properties (Under a Hand Lens) Physical Property: Ph Level (Is it an acid or base?) in Iodine in Water in Vinegar Your Final Decision: To Eator Not to Eat? Decision: ________________________ Evidence 1: ______________________ Reasoning 1: _____________________ Evidence 2: ______________________ Reasoning 2: _____________________ Evidence 3: ______________________ Reasoning 3: _____________________ A Review: Properties of Matter- Words to Know Anything that has mass and takes up space! Matter Mass A measure of how much matter is in an object. Weight A measure of the force of gravity on an object. Volume The amount of space that matter occupies. Density The measurement of how much mass of a substance is contained in a given volume. Mass/Volume I Density Phases of Matter There are different states of matter. No, not like Texas, Oklahoma, New Mexico. States of matter are also known as phases (a physical state of matter). Elements and compounds can move from one phase to another phase when special physical forces are present. Solid Liquid Gas Freezing point The temperature at which a liquid changes into a solid. Boiling point The boiling point of an element or compound means the temperature at which the liquid form of an element or compound is at equilibrium with the gaseous form. the boiling point of water is 100 degrees Celsius. Melting point The temperatures at which the solid form of the element or compound is at equilibrium with the liquid form. Basically the range at which the solid changes its state into a liquid. The melting point of water is 0 degrees Celsius Compound A substance made of two or more elements chemically combined in a set ratio. Water and salt are 2 examples of compounds. What are properties? Matter has observable and measurable qualities. We can use general properties to identify substances. Two basic types of properties of matter: Physical properties and Chemical properties: Physical Properties Physical properties are used to identify, describe and classify matter. Characteristic of a substance that can be observed (using your senses) without changing the substance into something else. HardnessTextureColor OdorTasteTemperature More EXAMPLES - Physical size, shape, freezing point, boiling point, melting point, magnetism, viscosity, density, luster and many more. Viscosity - The resistance of a liquid to flowing. Examples: Low viscosity-water, rubbing alcohol High viscosity-honey Chemical Properties Chemical properties are characteristics involved when a substance interacts with another substance to change its chemical make-up. FlammabilityRustingCreating gas bubbles Creating a new chemical product Reactivity with water pH Alike? Different? Draw a double bubble map in your notes to compare and contrast physical and chemical properties. Physical property is a property that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance. Physical Properties Examples: viscosity viscosity conductivity conductivity malleability malleability hardness hardness magnetism magnetism melting point melting point boiling point boiling point density density color color Examples of Physical Properties Viscosity of a substance is its resistance to flow. Examples: water = low viscosity Examples: water = low viscosity honey = high viscosity Conductivity is a materials ability to allow heat to flow. Examples: metal = high conductivity wood = poor conductivity Examples: metal = high conductivity wood = poor conductivity Examples of Physical Properties Malleability of a substance is its ability to be hammered into a thin sheet Melting and Boiling points are the temperatures at which a solid becomes a liquid and a liquid becomes a gas. Density of a substance is the ratio of its mass compared to its volume. Physical Properties to separate mixtures Two common separation methods: Filtration process that separates materials based on the size of their particles. Distillation process that separates the substances in a solution based on their boiling points. Physical Change A change in the appearance, without changing the composition of the material. Can be reversible, or irreversible Can be reversible, or irreversible Substance may seem different, but the way the atoms link up is the same. Substance may seem different, but the way the atoms link up is the same. It is a physical change if... It changes shape or size It changes shape or size Or the substance changes phase. Or the substance changes phase. It dissolves. It dissolves. Physical Change Physical changes occur when matter changes its property but not its chemical nature. Physical changes could include a change in: texture, shape, size, color, odor, volume, mass, weight, and density. Physical Change Remember! properties remain the same reversible can be used to separate mixtures Physical Change Chemical property is any ability to produce a change in the composition of matter. Chemical Properties flammability reactivity Materials ability to burn in the presence of oxygen. How readily a substance combines chemically with other substances. Examples of chemical properties... Chemical Changes Chemical changes occur when a substance reacts and forms one or more new substances. Formation of a precipitate. A change in color. Production of a gas. You know a chemical change has occurred when... Chemical Change Chemical changes are changes matter undergoes when it becomes new or different matter. To identify a chemical change look for signs such as color change, bubbling and fizzing, light production, smoke, and presence of heat. C. Chemical Change Remember! properties change irreversible Signs: color change, formation of a gas/solid, release of light/heat Chemical Change A chemical change occurs when fireworks are used. Fireworks are made of metals such as magnesium and copper. These change chemically as they light up the sky. physical What kind of change is it? chemical physical physical chemical physical