unit 1 american colonies
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Slideshow 4 Unit 1TRANSCRIPT
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American History Unit 1, Lecture 4
The American Colonies
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Jamestown
• 1st Permanent English Settlement (1607)
• Settled with Headright System – 50 acres for every paid passage
• Survive starving times with help of John Smith
• John Rolfe as first tobacco magnate
• Bacon’s Rebellion
• Indentured Servants eventually replaced with African Slaves
Graves at Jamestown
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New England Colonies
Plymouth Colony• Founded by group of
Puritans – People who wanted to “Purify” the Church of England
• 1620 – Pilgrims land at Plymouth
• Mayflower Compact – establishes democracy in colony
Massachusetts Bay Colony
• Founded by Puritans in 1630 (eventually absorbs Plymouth)
• William Bradford as leader
• “A City on a Hill”• No freedom of religion
or separation of church and state
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Other New England Colonies
Rhode Island
Established by Puritan dissenter, Roger Williams
Separation of Church and State, religious Freedom
Anne Hutchinson challenges Puritan authority – flees to Rhode Island
Connecticut
Established by Thomas Hooker
More Religious Freedom
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut – seen by many as first written constitution in American
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Native Resistance in New England
• Pequot War – 1637 – Connecticut conflict where most members of Pequot nation are wiped out
• King Philip’s War – 1675- Vicious war between Wampanoag Indians and Plymouth Colony – ended Indian resistance in New England
*Disputes over land mark the key conflict between Native Americans and Whites throughout American History!
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Middle Colonies Pennsylvania• Founded by William
Penn, a Quaker• Tolerant of all people• Good Indian Relations• Early opposition to
slavery
New York/New Jersey• Taken by English from
the Dutch• NY becomes thriving,
diverse port city
• Founded as a Catholic haven by George Calvert, Lord Baltimore
• Toleration Act assured religious freedom
Maryland
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Southern Colonies
Carolina • 1663 after Restoration of
Charles II• Charleston as key port city –
founded in 1680• North and South Carolina
split in 1712• Slaves as key source of labor• Rice production, tobacco,
indigo
Georgia• Buffer to Spanish Florida• James Oglethorpe – 1733• Originally founded as a
military colony with convicts
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Other Colonies
• New Hampshire, Delaware.
Map of 13 Colonies
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1. From http://www.ebay.com2. From http://www.mrnussbaum.com