UNDERWATER ROBOTICS Born in 1970

Father and Mother : University of Washington for the Application of Defense

Named as SPURV - Special Purpose Underwater Vehicle

This is the first idea of emerging system to be used in underwater for defense,oceanography and many more traditional applications

What is Underwater Robotics and why it is necessary for the development (As an Definition)

The Kind of Robotics involved in studying anything related to Seabed,Sub - Surface or Surface Characteristics of the Water

The requirement to build or develop these kind of robotics is to study the most complex nature of the water and how these complex affects the applications related to them

Classification Of Underwater Robotics

A. ROV - Remotely Operated VehicleB. Autonomous Underwater VehicleC. Unmanned Surface VehicleD. SeagliderE. Remotely Operated Underwater Trencher/Crawlers

Applications A. Oil and GasB. RenewablesC. EnvironmentalD. OceanographyE. DefenseF. Port SurveillanceG. Education and Research

Basic of ROV System

The above shows the whole setup of how ROV is to be installed on the Vessel/Ship and How it drops down on the side to perform the job requirement

What Makes an ROV to Work and Perform the functions Properly Safely at the end of the Day its all MONEY COUNTS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

Is ROV ONLY WORKING AS MODEL OR WHAT INTELLIGENCE IT Got or SENSORS TO Make it Work

Different Types of Underwater Robotics

Education and Research Type ROV

Control System : Open Source Control System Based On Arduino and Beaglebone Thrusters : Brushless DC Motors with Electronic Speed Control

Communication : Network RJ45

Applications : Education and Research

EYE BALL CLASS ROV

Control System : Node Based System (RS485 Half Duplex System)Thrusters : MCT - Magnetic Coupled Transistor Thruster with Inbuilt Intelligence

Communications : RS485 Half Duplex , Single Mode Fiber Optics

Applications : Depth Limited up to 1000M No Restrictions Most Commonly Used Commercial ROV

MEDIUM WORK CLASS ROV

Control System : Electro - Hydraulics System Thrusters : Hydraulic Thrusters

Communication : Fiber Optics - Single Mode

Applications : Depth Upto 2000m any Kind of ApplicationRestrictions : The System Setup Spread is big good deck space required

WORK CLASS ROV

Control System : Electro - Hydraulics SystemThruster : Hydraulic Thrusters

Communication : Single Mode - Fiber Optics

Application : 3000m Depth and Same Restrictions as Medium Work ClassAdvanced System Options Available such as Auto Position,Station Keeping

HEAVY DUTY ROV

Control System : Electro - Hydraulics SystemThruster : Hydraulic Thrusters

Communication: Single Mode FIber Optics

Application : 3000 to 5000m Depth Rated and All Advanced Options Available

ULTRA HEAVY DUTY ROV

Worlds Power ROV - As per 2015 and Used in Gulf of Mexico,USA and Offshore Brazil Rated for 6000m Deep and Sophisticated Control System

Dual Control System Patented System called Seanet USED

Applications : Deep Waters But Massive Spread

TRENCHER

Control System : Advanced System - Electro Mechanical and Hydraulic SystemNo thrusters only Crawlers Used

Communication : FIber Optics - Single Mode

Application : Burial Of Pipeline , Underwater Construction

AUV - Autonomous Underwater Vehicle

Control System : Autonomous Internally Fiber Optics Connected Electrically controlled Propellers

Application : Seabed Topography , Mapping, Surveillance,Debris and Wreckage

TYPES OF Control System

Electrical Control System

This is an Example of Subsea Control System Based on Electronics , No HYDRAULICS INVOLVED

Thrusters : Electrical Thruster

Communication : Single Mode - Fiber Optics

System Intelligent and Autonomous in Naturecan be easily upgraded to the next level

No Fine tuning required system will self heal

Electro - Hydraulics Control System

Thrusters : Hydraulic Thrusters

Control System : Intelligent Valve Pack

Communication With System Control System and Valve Pack is Single Mode

Got Good Capability to be in Station Keeping Mode under difficult circumstances

System Fine Tuning Required

INTELLIGENT VALVE PACK

3rd Party Valve Pack to Make the System Achieve its full capability and Perform all kind of challenges in the underwater

MANIPULATORS

7 FUNCTION MANIPULATOR

Electro Hydraulically Controlled Manipulator 7 Degrees of Freedom

Joystick Electrical Servo Control Pod to control the Manipulation

PID Control System

5 FUNCTION MANIPULATOR

Electrical Manipulator 24VDC Heavy Duty Brushless Motor Control

PID Control SystemControlled From PC

Manipulators can be either hydraulics or Electronics subjected to the interface with ROV

SENSORS - ROV

Imaging Sonar

Blue View Sonar Output Used for Vehicle Navigation and Obstacle AvoidanceCan also be used to bring an image of the structures for structure capabilities and studies

Communication : 2 Wire Half Duplex RS 485 or RJ45Output : Images

CAMERA

For Vision requirements will be connected to the Vehicle Depends on the application the resolution changes

Analogue Output or HD Output Zoom Options Available Through RS232/RS485

Thrusters

Electrical Thruster

Electronically Controlled 250/500 VDC ThrustersPWM Speed Control

Control System PID BasedMost popularly Used in Electrical ROV

Hydraulic Thruster

Hydraulically Controlled Thruster Independent of Control system

Used in Electro Hydraulic Systems

There are many more support sensors should be available to make them function Properlysuch as

A. Depth SensorB. AltimeterC. LightsD. Doppler Velocity Log - Calculate the speed of the vehicle for the Navigation

E. Underwater Acoustics

and many more sensors depends on applications between above are critical for less downtime

FUTURE AND DEVELOPMENTS

Many universities are in trials of developing Dual System (ROV AND AUV) which is productive of combining two systems to complete all kind of scope in single Deployment

ROV IN ROV - Two ROVS in Same System

Tidal Energy Based ROV System - Powering the System with help of Subsea Tidal Power and Powering up Subsea Control System (Horizon 2020)

Fault Tolerant Intelligent Singular System : System Analyse the environment and study users control and Create an decision making to keep the system in running mode even in any event of

failure the system still manage to run the scope successfully

UNDERWATER ACOUSTICS

Propogation of Sound in Water through the subsea wireless communication (Acoustics)

This is very helpful for the development of subsea robotics or underwater robotics

Underwater Acoustics not only determined the localization of an unknown systems in subsea but also solved the mystery of vehicles behaving erratically in subsea due to its oceanographic

elements such as Wind,Current,Tide

Underwater Acoustics works from 10Khz to 1 Mhz and there are losses happen when sound travel through medium of water such as refraction,cavitation,absorption and the received pulse

calculates the RANGE And Bearing

Typical Example of Underwater Acoustics

The Underwater acoustics and the complex algorithm made the vehicles to look intelligent and not limiting to make the marine vessels ,rigs to be in safer place even any unexpected weather

changes

Classification of Underwater Acoustics

USBL LBL

USBL Aided INSLBL Aided INS

Pictorial Representation

USBL

LBL - Long Base Line

Array of Transponders to find the Mean Position of the Transducer

Position Prediction Model Used in Autonomous and Marine Systems

Marine Vessel with full Option to Work on Subsea Project - Dynamic Positioning

Underwater Acoustics is an ever ending market with plenty of options and solving all the challenges across the wide area of industries

LAST BUT NOT LEAST

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