understanding financial information
DESCRIPTION
A quick description on how to read and understand financial statements.TRANSCRIPT
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Understanding Financial Information
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Need not be Scared
• We all should have a foundation in understanding finances
• Allows you to be proactive rather than reactive
• Relevant for almost everyone:
– Business Owners
– Project Managers
– Professionals (Attorneys, Accountants, Consultants, etc.)
– Running a Political Campaign
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Understanding Financial Information
• Terminology
• Filling up your toolbox
• Planning Tools
• Reporting Tools
• Analyzing Tools
• Implementation Tools
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Terminology
• Balance Sheet
• Income Statement
• Cash Flow
• Liquidity
• Margin
• ROI (Return on Investment)
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Balance SheetSection-1: Assets
What do you possess of value (cash, receivables, fixed assets, etc.)
Section-2: Liabilities
What do you owe (payables, loans, etc.)
Section-3: Equity
Owner’s activities
Historic performance
Assets = Liabilities + Equity
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Balance Sheetas of Dec. 31, 2009
ASSETSCurrent Assets
Operating Cash 14,900 14,900
Other Current AssetsAccounts Receivable 94,000
94,000 Fixed Assets
Furniture & Fixtures 5,000
Computer Equipment & Software 10,000 Accumulated Depreciation (2,333)
12,667
TOTAL ASSETS 126,567
LIABILITIESCurrent Liabilities
Accounts Payable 25,851 25,851
Long-Term LiabilitiesNotes Payable 75,000
75,000 TOTAL LIABILITIES 100,851
EQUITYCapital Investments 10,000 Retained Earnings 7,716 Current Net Income 8,000
25,716
TOTAL LIABILITIES & EQUITY 126,567
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Income StatementSection-1: Revenues
Tracking monies flowing in
Section-2: Expenses
Tracking monies flowing out
Section-3: Net Income
Revenues less Expenses
Positive is GOOD
Negative is not so good
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Income Statementas of Dec.31, 2009
INCOMESales 750,000 Interest Income 3,248
TOTAL INCOME 753,248
EXPENSESSalaries & Wages 380,000 Payroll Taxes + Fringe 56,000 Outside Professional Fees 48,000 Rent 80,000 Supplies 12,000 Postage & Delivery 5,000 Printing 20,000 Marketing & Advertising 81,000 Meals & Entertainment 12,000 Insurance 15,000 Licenses and Fees 3,000 Interest Expense 7,000
TOTAL EXPENSES 719,000
NET INCOME 34,248
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Cash FlowSection-1: Inflows
Understanding expected cash coming in
Section-2: Outflows
Understanding expected cash going out
Section-3: Net Cash
Inflows less Outflows
Positive is GOOD
Negative is not so good
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Last Week Current Week Out 1 Week Out 2 Weeks Out 3 Weeks
Beginning Cash Balance: $ 25,390.90 $ 30,035.49 $ 32,085.19 $ 34,585.19 $ 42,185.19
Inflows
Deposits >>>>>>>>>>>>> $ 15,772.95 $ 6,854.82 $ 20,000.00 $ 15,000.00 $ 15,000.00
XFR's In >>>>>>>>>>>>> - $ - - - $ -
Totals $ 15,772.95 $ 6,854.82 $ 20,000.00 $ 15,000.00 $ 15,000.00
Outflows
Payroll >>>>>>>>>>>>> $ 7,419.08 $ 2,349.12 $ 7,500.00 $ 2,400.00 $ 7,500.00
Payables >>>>>>>>>>>>> $ 3,709.28 $ 2,456.00 $ 10,000.00 $ 5,000.00 $ 10,000.00
Adjustment >>>>>>>>>>>>> $ - $ - $ -
Totals $ 11,128.36 $ 4,805.12 $ 17,500.00 $ 7,400.00 $ 17,500.00
Ending Cash Balance: $ 30,035.49 $ 32,085.19 $ 34,585.19 $ 42,185.19 $ 39,685.19
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Liquidity
• How much cash do you have?
• What can be converted to cash quickly?
• How many days of cash on hand do you have (if no revenues are coming in, how long can you operate for)?
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Margin
• Measuring Profitability.
• If you have a billing rate of $200 per hour, you are not keeping $200 per hour in your pocket.
• If you are selling a product for $50, you have inventory costs, shipping costs, etc.
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ROI
• Return on Investment
• Always know what every dollar spent is worth to your bottom line
• Be able to answer questions such as:– What did spending $10k in advertising do to my
revenues?– What did adding a sales person do to my revenues?– What was the bottom line effect on spending $50k on
automation?– How did spending $25k in PR increase my visibility?
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Running a Successful Business
• Retail, Law Firms, Consulting, Political Campaigns – They are all businesses
• 4 Simple Steps:– PLAN– REPORT– ANALYZE– IMPLEMENT
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Planning
• Before a single dollar is spent on an idea, develop a business plan and strategic plan. Focus your thoughts and validate your vision.
• Planning includes budgeting and cash forecasting.
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Reporting
• Produce financial statements on business activities– Balance Sheet– Income Statement– Statement of Cash Flows
• Produce relevant reports on your business:– Page views and sales conversion rates for internet
businesses– Velocity reports for inventory based businesses– Billable hour details for professional services
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Analyzing
• What are your reports telling you?
• What are your margins?
• Assess ROI for monies spent.
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Implementing
• What needs to change based on your analysis?
• Always be proactive, but react to what your reports are telling you.
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Understanding Financial Information
Q&A