ultra-wideband as a multi-purpose robust and reliable
TRANSCRIPT
Ultra-Wideband as a Multi-Purpose Robust and Reliable Wireless Technology for Testing, Spacecraft and Launcher Communications
Final presentation
Lukas Szemla 10th December, 2014
Honeywell.com
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UWB demonstrator
• Goal: – Assessment of IR-UWB suitability for space applications and
development of reliable and deterministic network demonstrator
• Project phases: – 1) Use case identification and requirements capture – 2) Analyzes of technology candidates (PHY and protocol stack) – 3) Simulations – 4) Demonstrator development – 5) Measurement and testing
Honeywell.com
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Use cases considered
• AIT sensor network – Thermal testing – Vibration testing
• Onboard sensor network
– Housekeeping subsystem – Navigation subsystem
• Command and Control
– Highly reliable with high throughput
• Inter-stage wireless link for launchers – Challenge of stages connectivity without LOS
Honeywell.com
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IR-UWB technology overview
• Alternative PHY of IEEE 802.15.4 – Low power, low rate wireless PAN (LR-WPAN) – Covering PHY and MAC layer
• Advantages – Low power, low energy emission (-41dB/MHz) – High data rate (up to 27 Mbps) – 6.8Mbps – Lower vulnerability to interference (other systems or jamming)
PHY
MAC IEEE 802.15.4
APP
Other higher layers
Other standard or specification
Honeywell.com
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0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70-0.2
-0.15
-0.1
-0.05
0
0.05
0.1
0.15BPM modulation
t [samples]
r(t)
0 01 11 00 1
• Pulse based modulation
IR-UWB Key aspects
UWB Symbol – 2 information bits
• Frequency spectrum
World-wide available frequency bands
Honeywell.com
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Comparison of wireless candidates I
Wi-Fi ZigBee Bluetooth IR-UWB WiMedia Frequency band (GHz)
2.4, 5
2.4 2.4 subGHz, 3-10 3.1-10.6
Channel Bandwidth (MHz)
20, 22, 40 5 1 499.2, 1081, 1331
528
Range (m) 100-200 10-100 10-100 10-100 4-10
Data rate (Mbps)
2, 11, 54, 600
Up to 0.25 Up to 24 Up to 27.24 Up to 1024
Modulation DSSS, OFDM, MIMO
O-QPSK, BPSK
pi/4-DQPSK PBM-BPSK MB-OFDM
Power emission
< 20dBm < -3dBm < 20dBm < -41 dBm/MHz
< -41 dBm/MHz
Honeywell.com
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Comparison of wireless candidates II
-10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 4010
-6
10-5
10-4
10-3
10-2
10-1
100 BER comparison IR-UWB and narrowband systems
Es/N0 [dB]
BER
[-]
802.11aIR-UWB802.11b 11 MbpsBluetooth
Honeywell.com
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Reliability and determinism
• … satisfied by appropriate protocol stack – Standard vs. proprietary solution
• Standardized candidates (from industry automation)
– ISA100.11a – WirelessHART – In progress
• IEEE802.15.4e + TiSCH • AVSI standardization activity for aerospace
PHY
MAC
IR-UWB
APP
Other higher layers Other standard or
specification
Honeywell.com
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ISA100.11a
• Scalable and flexible network • Determinism using TDMA • Reliability given by centralized management and redundancy • Industrial proven solution • In-house implementation – OneWireless – wireless system for
automation and control
Honeywell.com
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Demonstrator Design Concept
• Adaptation of ISA100.11a compliant network with IR-UWB PHY layer
Honeywell.com
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Demonstrator SW design
Middle level
Low (HW) level
Application WDM • gateway • system manager • monitoring
Monitor and control User Interface
Debug Interface
Wireless device
Application client interface
IR-UWB radio
ISA100.11a Stack adaptation
Applications for use cases
UWB wireless network Management and monitoring
Application and user control
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Summary of ISA100.11a modifications
• New PHY definition (ISA100.11a considers currently only 2.4GHz) – Channel management – Power setting – Integrated MAC functionalities
• Without frequency hopping • Without encryption on
– Data link layer – Transport layer
• Timeslot duration shortened
Honeywell.com
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Demonstrator HW Design
250
160
Main board with OMAP138L IR-UWB radio
board
Chip antenna
Planar antenna
Decawave RF chip - Max data rate 6.81Mbps - 4 channels up to 6.5GHz - additional non-standard features (preamble length, payload size) - no HW encryption
Honeywell.com
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Tests and measurements
Node Unit level
Node
Link level
Node
System management
System level
Application (use case) level
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Hi-Fi Testing – Venus Express Mock-up
Intra cavity
Inter cavities
In-Out communication
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Satellite Mock-up Measurement I
• Intra-cavity
98.600%
98.800%
99.000%
99.200%
99.400%
99.600%
99.800%
100.000%
Location 1 Location 2 Location 3
Pack
et S
ucce
ss R
atio
Intra-cavity links
850_1024
6M8_128
Low Thr
High Thr
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Satellite Mock-up Measurement II
• Inter-cavity
99.100%
99.200%
99.300%
99.400%
99.500%
99.600%
99.700%
99.800%
99.900%
100.000%
1 2 3 4 5
Pack
et S
ucce
ss R
atio
Cavity number
Inter-cavity links
850_1024_6dB 6M8_128_13dBLow Thr High Thr
6
5
3
4
1
2
Honeywell.com
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Satellite Mock-up Measurement III
• Inside-outside
0.000%10.000%20.000%30.000%40.000%50.000%60.000%70.000%80.000%90.000%
100.000%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Pack
et S
ucce
ss R
atio
Position of receiver
In-Out communication
850_256 850_1024 6M8_256 6M8_128Thr A Thr B Thr C Thr D
Honeywell.com
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Satellite mock-up measurement IV
• Onboard sensor network use case (PER = <0 - 1.55E-4>)
Honeywell.com
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Measurement - summary
• Measurement campaign showed feasibility of IR-UWB for all use cases from the connectivity perspective – Best inter-cavity PER achieved 9.75E-6 – Open space environment is different due to reflections
• Open or closed doors have little impact (AIT) • TX power can be reduced to -54.5 dBm/MHz (77.27 dBµV/m) • Lower throughput offers higher robustness and reliability • Maximal distance: 9.5 m from satellite • Narrow band interference has little impact • Chip antenna offers good performance
Honeywell.com
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UWB demonstrator summary
• IR-UWB is robust against narrow band interference and multipath environment and offers higher performance than narrow band systems – Measurement on satellite mock-up proved usability in relevant
obstructive environment • ISA100.11a is extendable with new PHY • ISA100.11a offers reliable protocol stack for deterministic
communication in complex network systems – High scalability and modularity vs. complexity and efficiency
• ISA100.11a specifies strictly user applications (interoperability) – Inflexible application layer
⇒ IR-UWB offers promising solution for space wireless communication
⇒ Higher layers of protocol stack can be designed for higher efficiency
Honeywell.com
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Future Work
• Coexistence EMC tests • HW design
– Space-graded components (RF chip!!) – Reduce form factor – Power supply (battery, harvesting, power subsystem)
• SW design – Link management for UWB PHY – Protocol stack optimization – adjustment for space use
case • Integration to satellite platform/test system
