types of nutrition and human digestion
TRANSCRIPT
TYPES OF
NUTRITION
AND
THE HUMAN
DIGESTIVE
SYSTEM
The intake of nutrients and utilizing it.
Types of nutrition are:-1.Autotrophic nutrition2.Hetrotrophic nutrition
How does this
plant takes its
food???????
Do you know how
plants get their
food???
You don’t know such a
simple thing?
Plants get their food by
the process of
photosynthesis .
Then what is
photosynthesi
s?
The process by which
plants take in substances
from outside and convert
them into stored form of
energy is known as
photosynthesis.
For photosynthesis
plants need :-
1. Carbon dioxide
2. water
3. & sunlight
1.
2.
Sun rays
3.
Plants contain
chloroplast which makes
plant’s colour green and
helps in photosynthesis.
But what does
chloroplast
contain that helps
in photosynthesis?
Plant cells contain some
green dots which are called
chloroplast which contains
granum & granum contains
chlorophyll.
Plants take up water from the soil by the roots.
Then how does
plants get carbon
dioxide?????????
Plants take
carbon
dioxide
from air.
Plants exchange gases
through stomatal
pores present on the
leaves .The exchange
of gas also occurs
across the surface of
stem , roots & leaves.
Hii friends!! Now let’s learn something about
HETEROTROPHIC NUTRITION.
The type of nutrition which includes the breaking down of complex substances into simpler ones,
before they are utilized by the body is called heterotrophic nutrition.
Solid food is converted into soluble compounds so that it is digested well.
It is a type of nutrition obtained by digesting organic compounds.
PARASITIC NUTRITION???
Parasitic Nutrition is a mode of heterotrophic nutrition where an organism (known as a parasite),
obtain food from other living organisms (known as a host).The parasite either lives on the body surface or inside the body of the
host.
CESTODES LEECH
MITESHELMINTHES
Saprotrophic nutrition is the type of nutrition in which the organisms known
as saprophytes feed on dead or decaying organic matter.
They break--Proteins to amino acids.
-Lipids to fatty acids.-Starch to amylases.
SAPROTROPHIC NUTRITION???
FUNGUS MUCOR
RHISOPUSAGARICUS(MUSHROOM)
Holozoic nutrition is a type of heterotrophic
nutrition which includes taking in the complex substances known as food, and converting
them into simpler forms. The food is taken in, digested, absorbed,
assimilated and then it is ejected.
DOG
FROGHORSE
LIZARD
Do you
know where
does the
digestion
starts?
Its
simple!!digesti
on starts in the
mouth, also
known as the
Buccal Cavity.
Food enters the mouth and it is
crushed with the teeth, which is
known as chewing.
Food gets mixed with the saliva and it is
converted into a
simpler form.
The food gets passed through the oesophagus
by the process of peristalsis.
Hey!! Wait a
minute .
What is
PERISTALSI
S?
Its simple!!
Peristalsis
is huh..eh..
eh.. Let him
explain.
Peristalsis is the
process of
contraction and
relaxation of
muscles of the
oesophagus, which
pushes the food to
the stomach.
Abra kadabra!!
Show me the
second part of
the journey of
food.
Right away sir!! As
you know the food
has now reached
the stomach from
the mouth.
The food reaches the stomach,
where the gastric glands release hydrochloric
acid, mucus and pepsin
Now the food is passed to the
small intestine.
Bile juice from the liver gets
mixed with the food.
Pancreas releases
pancreatic juice.
The inner lining of the small intestine
has numerous finger like
projections called villi.
Villi increases
the surface area
for absorption.
Will anyone
tell me the
functions of
Hydrochlori
c acid,
Mucus and
Pepsin.
Hydrochloric
acid creates
an acidic
medium in
which the
enzyme
known as
pepsin acts
on the food.
And the mucus
protects the
lining of
stomach from
the action of
the
hydrochloric
acid.
But what
about the
functions of
the bile
juice?
Bile juice converts the
acidic food coming
from the stomach to
alkaline, for the
pancreatic juices to
act. Bile salts break
the large fat globules
to smaller globules.
The Gall
Bladder stores
Bile Juice.
The Liver releases Bile
juice.
Then what
are the
pancreatic
juices for?
Pancreatic juices
contain Lipase
for breaking
down emulsified
fats and Trypsin
for digesting
proteins.
The Pancreas secretes Pancreatic Juice
Will you tell me what happens
next?
Its simple!! The food now
enters the Large
Intestine.
DESCENDI
NG COLON
LEFT
SPLENIC
FLEXURE
TRANSVERSE
COLONRIGHT
HEPATIC
FLEXURE
ASCENDIN
G COLON
CECUM
APPENDI
X
SIGMOID
COLON
RECTUM
The food enters the
Large Intestine,
where more villi absorbs
water.
The food is ready for
elimination and it reaches a short tube
called rectum.
The food is eliminated through the
Anus.
DIGESTION FACTS
We eat about 500 kilograms of food per year.
About a quart of saliva is produced each day.
The oesophagus is approximately 8 inches long.
Muscles contract in waves to move the food down the
oesophagus. This means that food would get to a
person's stomach, even if they were standing on their
head.
Adults stomach can hold approximately 1 quart of
material.
Every day 9 quarts of digested food, liquids and digestive
juices
flow through the digestive system, but only two pints are
lost as feaces.
In the mouth, food is either cooled or warmed to a more