two main categories of drugs
DESCRIPTION
Two main Categories of Drugs. Stimulants Cocaine Crack cocaine Amphetamines (methamphetamine, ecstasy) Nicotine. Two main Categories of Drugs. Depressants Heroin Marijuana Barbiturates – Oxycodone, Morphine, Codeine, Valium GHB. Drug Abuse - Why do people start?. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Two main Categories of Drugs
Stimulants– Cocaine– Crack cocaine– Amphetamines (methamphetamine,
ecstasy)– Nicotine
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Two main Categories of Drugs
• Depressants– Heroin– Marijuana– Barbiturates – Oxycodone,
Morphine, Codeine, Valium– GHB
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Drug Abuse - Why do people start?
• Idea that it’s easy to quit.• “just want to try it”• Social crutch: feel confident in social situations, something to
handle or hold• Deal with problems: escape, pressure, depression, boredom
• Don’t know how to say no.
Feel older Feel cool Feel different Peer pressure Fit in FunMedia: advertising, TV, movies, music Friends / family Relieve stress / relax
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General Information• Alcohol may be the world’s oldest known
drug. • Also known as ethyl alcohol or ethanol• Big business in today’s society• Alcohol abuse has become a major
public health problem.
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Effects on the body• Alcohol is a central nervous system
depressant.• In low doses, alcohol can produce:– a relaxing effect – reduced tension– lower inhibitions – impaired concentration– slower reflexes– impaired reaction time – reduced coordination
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Effects on the body• In medium doses, alcohol can produce:– slurred speech –drowsiness– altered emotions
• In high doses, alcohol can produce:– vomiting –breathing difficulties–unconsciousness– coma–DEATH
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Effects On the Body• Central Nervous System–Accelerates the loss of brain cells,
contributing to cognitive deficits. Chronic use can lead to brain damage.
• Liver– Long-term excessive drinking can cause
hepatitis (inflammation and destruction of liver cells) and cirrhosis (scarring and shrinkage of the liver).
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Effects On the Body• Kidneys– Impairs their ability to regulate the
volume and composition of fluid and electrolytes in the body.
• Heart–Chronic, heavy alcohol use increases the
risk of heart disease. –Alcohol use can also worsen high blood
pressure and diabetes, two risk factors for heart disease.
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Effects on Liver
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Effects on Kidneys and Brain
Photo courtesy of Sterling Clarren, MD
No exposure to alcohol
Heavy prenatal exposure to alcohol
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Smoking
• Organs Affected by Smoking:
– Nose, throat, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. Also called the respiratory tract.
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Smoking
• Conditions:– Chronic bronchitis– Emphysema– Wide variety of cancers– Linked to heart disease– Linked to artery disease
• Deaths: 440,000 annual deaths in US each year are smoking-associated (CDC). Equivalent to 36,666 per month, 8,461 per week, 1,205 per day, 50 per hour, almost 1 per second.
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Why You Should Not Smoke
• Smoking gives you bad breath• Smoking makes your clothes and hair smell• Smoking turns your teeth and fingernails
yellow• Smoking makes your skin look grey and
unhealthy• Smoking can produce a hacking cough with lots
of phlegm. Really attractive!• Smoking zaps your energy for sports and other
activities.
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MARIJUANA• Short Term Effects:Increase in heart rate,
lead to anxiety and paranoia
Distorted concept of time and space
Decrease in concentration skills, short-term memory capacity
Feeling tired after the “high” wears off
Increase in appetite, weight gain
• Long Term Effects:• Breathing problems• Lung cancer• Damage cells and
tissues in the body that fight disease
• Lack of motivation• Difficulty processing
new information
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MARIJUANA
• Marijuana and cigarette smoke have some of the same cancer-causing substances.
• Benzopyrene (cancer-producing agent) higher in marijuana
• 400 chemicals in marijuana smoke affect lungs, throat and esophagus
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SUBSTANCE ABUSE
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Cost to Business & Industry
• 100 million annually• Alcohol= 500 million lost work days• 40% industrial fatalities• 47% workplace injuries• 50% of motor vehicle fatalities(2005)
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Effects on society• National health problem• More deaths,illness,accidents,disabilities than any
other health problem• 15 million dependent on alcohol• 500,000 between ages 9-12• 7 million persons between 12-20 binge drink(Narconon,2005)
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Effects on the family
• # of babies born with physiologic & emotional consequences of crack & alcohol ---Increasing at an alarming rate
• 43% of US families exposed to alcoholism• 50% persons who seek tx have at least one
parent w/ alcoholism hx.
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Alcohol and other drugs are associated with:
• Up to 50% spousal abuse• 50% traffic accidents• 49% murders• 68% manslaughter charges• 69% drownings• 38% child abuse• 52% rapes• 62% assaults• 20-35% suicides
(Johnson-1997)
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ieeYM8ydrRs VIDEO1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8mesfPehYGgVIDEO2