tu thanh tinh gioi - ht ho tong

8/3/2019 Tu Thanh Tinh Gioi - HT Ho Tong

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THERAVDA - PHT-GIO NGUYN-THYT THANH TNH GII

(CATUPRISUDDHISLA)

VANSARAKKHITA BHIKKHUT-KHU H-TNGPL. 2510 - TL. 1966

TI BN PL. 2537 - TL. 1993---o0o---Ngun

http://thuvienhoasen.orgChuyn sang ebook 26-8-2009

Ngi thc hin : Nam Thin [email protected] Audio Ti Website http://www.phatphaponline.org

Mc Lc

Phn 01BIT BIT GII THOT THU THC GII (Ptimokkhasamvara sila).LC CN THU THC GII (Indriyasamvarasla).CHNH MNG THANH TNH GII (jvaprisuddhi sla).

Phn 02TH VT DNG GII

PHI BIT VT DNG TH NO L TRONG SCH TH NO L KHNGTRONG SCHQUN TNG V TH VT DNG GII (Paccaya sannissita sla).CCH THC QUN TNGPHP QUN TNG (Paccayavekkhana)

LM CHO GII TRONG SCHMI BN C PHPCHN C TNHPHC BU CA S TR GII

Phn 03NHNG IU CM RI RCGII V CCH CHO V THGII V CCH THC SM HI
http://phatphaponline.org/kinh/Audio/Thuyet%20Phap/Gioi%20Luat/http://phatphaponline.org/kinh/Audio/Thuyet%20Phap/Gioi%20Luat/


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Phn 04GII V PHP U (DHUTANGAKATH)U C 13 PHPGII V CCH TH TR U (Dhutangasamdna vidhndikath)

I- CCH TH TR TRONG U THNG MC Y CA-SA NG GM

NH PHM T(Pamasuklikanga)II- CCH TH TR TRONG U CH MC TAM Y (Tecvarikanga)III- CCH TH TR U THNG I KHUT THC (Pindaptiknga)IV- CCH TH TR TRONG U THNG I KHT THC THEO MI NH (Sapadnacrikanga)V- CCH TH TR TRONG U THNG NGI N TRONG MTCH (Eksanikanga)VI- CCH TH TR TRONG U THNG N TRONG MTBT (Pattapindiknga)VII- CCH TH TR TRONG U NGNATRITTABHOJANA (Khaluppacchbhattikanga)

VIII- CCH TH TR TRONG U THNG NNG NG TRONGRNG (Arannikanga)IX- CCH TH TR TRONG U THNG NNG NG GN CICY (Rukkhamlikanga)X- CCH TH TR TRONG U THNG NG TRONG KHONGTRNG (Abbhokasikanga).XI- CCH TH TR TRONG U THNG NG NI MA (Sosnikanga)XII- CCH TH TR TRONG U THNG TRONG CH TNG CHO U TIN KHNG DI I (Yathsanthatikanga)XIII- CCH TH TR TRONG U NGN OAI NGHI NM ( Nesajjikanga)GII V S ON XT CHUNG TRONG 13 U (Sansavinicchayakath)GII V PHN PHT U (Byssavinicchayakath)

Phn 05PHM PARIVRA (Trch lc trong tng Lut)GII V KATHINA (Kathina Kath)5 QU BO (nisansa)CCH THC TH KATHINA (Kathinatthna vidhnakath).GII V TH THC TH KATHINA KHNG C KTQU (Anatthatakathinakath)GII V CCH THC TH KATHINA C KT QUC (Atthatakathinakath)GII V NGUYN NHN KATHINA X (Ubbhatakathinakath).B BUC (Palibodha)HNH TRNH KATHINA X (Ubbhra hay Uddhra)PAKINNAKAKATHGII V CCH THC CC TH Y CA-SAPHP DNG Y KATHINA N TNG (SANGHA)

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LUT XUT GIA (T Thanh Tnh Gii)

T THANH TNH GII (Catuprisuddhisila) l:

1) Bit bit gii thot thu thc gii (Ptimokkhasamvarasila).2) Lc cn thu thc gii (indriyasamvarasila).3) Chnh mng thu thc gii (jvaprisuddhisila4) Qun tng th vt dng gii (paccayasannisstasila).

-ooOoo-

Phn 01

BIT BIT GII THOT THU THC GII (Ptimokkhasamvara sila).

Trong 4 gii trong sch, xin gii v: "Bit bit gii thot thu thc gii" l s thuthc theo iu hc trong gii bn trc.

Gii m c Th Tn t thuyt rng: "T-khu trong gio php ny, thuthc theo gii bn, u c acra v gocra, l ngi th tr nhng iuhc, hay c lng lo s ti li, du l nh nhen cht t. Nh th gi l: "Bit bitgii thot thu thc gii".

Ting Ptimokkha (Tu m l Ba-la--mc-xoa) ngha l "Php m ngi th tr ng n ri, n hng lm cho ngi c thot khi s thng kh,

nht l khi kh trong bn ng d (cm th, atula, ng qu, a ngc)".

Tt c iu hc m c Th Tn ch nh, hip li gi l Ptimokkha y, cth lm cho ngi th tr theo c nhiu iu li ch cao thng, nh cgii.

Cu ni "thu thc" theo Ptimokkha y, l ni c thu thc iu hc m cTh Tn truyn rn li.

Gii v ting cra v gocr: Phm cch ngi mong c iu hu ch, phi

c gng hnh theo, gi l cra, tri li gi l ancra.

cra v Ancra

Trc ht, xin gii v ting ancra, v hai php y c s tng phn cngnhau: Ancra v ng d, cra v ng lnh.


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Ting ancra l ni v s hnh c, do nghip thn, nghip khu, hoc lun cnghip thn v khu, tc l ni v s ph gii.

Cn s nui mng khng chn chnh, l ni v T-khu nui mng nh:

1) Gi lm cch t chnh.2) Gi lm cch vui v.3) Ni m.4) Gi b da hm.5) c ni y em cho ni kia, c ni kia em cho ni y.6) Cho tre.7) Cho l cy.8) Cho bng hoa.9) Cho tri cy.10) Cho cy xa rng.11) Cho nc ra mt.12) Cho vt tm.13) Cho vt thoa di.14) Cho t (ca Tng).15) Tn knh k th.16) Tht t, di nhiu.17) Gi gim con cho ngi18) Lm tay sai cho ngi.19) Lm thy thuc cho ngi.20) Lm k em tin cho ngi.21) Chu cho ngi sai khin.22) em cm cho ngi ri i kht thc sau m n.23) Cho i, cho li24) Xem thin vn a l.25) Xem ngy thng, sao hn cho ngi.26) Xem ti tng v xem thai n b ( trai hay gi).

Nu T-khu c lng ham mun mong c li nui mng theo 26 iu tmng trn y, chng c gi l T-khu (tr ra khng c lng ham mun th

khng k).Ancra chia ra c 2 nghip:

- Kyika: hnh t do nghip thn.- Vcsika: hnh t do nghip khu.


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Gii: T-khu khi vo gia Gio hi khng lng cung knh, ng, ngi, ng,chm, ln lc v cao h hn mnh; ng hoc ngi trc v cao h, ng hocngi cao hn v cao h, ni ma tay trc mt v cao h; v cao h i chn mmnh mang giy hoc v cao h thp m mnh cao; ng hoc ngi khngngay thng; khng cho php v thp h ngi; ci trong nh khi m khngcho v cao h hay; i tm khng nhng cho v cao h; lc tm v khi tm xongln, i vo xm hoc ra xm cng nh th.

Hoc i n nh no, vo bung ca ngi khp ca; c ph n ngi u lii vo ni y; v u k trai hoc gi, cc s hnh ng nh th gi l ancra;hnh t do nghip thn.

C v T-khu khi vo gia Gio hi ni nhng li v l, khng bch trc viv cao h m thuyt php, hi hoc ging gii bn (Ptimokkha) ng ni, matay; nu i vo xm thy ph n, tr, hoc gi, ku ni: c ny, c cho khng?c cm khng? c bnh khng? c g ... ta n, ung? ... c chi dng? cc cny! c chi dng cho ta? v.v...

Nhng li ni y l ancra, hnh t do nghip khu.

Cn v cra tc l thu thc theo gii lut tri hn vi ancra nh gii trn,v cng chia ra c 2 nghip: nghip thn v nghip khu, ging nhau.

Ngi hc Pht nn ly lm ni xu hng.

Tm li, ting cra ni v phm cch v T-khu c lng tn knh vnghim tr gii lut, c s h thn v gm gh nhng iu ti li, n mc theoiu "ng hc php" sekhiyavatta, i ti, thi lui, xem trc nhm sau, ngi,ng phi php, ng cho ngi knh trng, mt ng xung, oai nghi chnchnh, lc cn thanh tnh, c s tit , c tr nh, c s bit mnhsatisampajanna, t ham mun, c lng, khng hay tr trn cng k th,hoc thin v theo ng phi, bit n n tr tho, tn knh ngi ng tnknh ...

Nhng s hnh ng y gi l cra, hnh ng lut do nghip thn v nghip

khu.

Gocra v Agocra.

Cnh vt (sc, thinh, hng, v, xc, php) m lc cn thng xu hng theogi l Gocra.


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Gii: lc dc nu ni cho tt l th c c d v lnh. D l t cch lm cho phtsanh ti, nht l phm gii. Lnh l t cch lm cho pht sanh phc, nht lgn gi gii lut cho trong sch

Gii v ting agocra, c Pht c s thuyt rng "T-khu thng hay thn

cn ph n, bn nam, bn n, T-khu ni, hng ru hoc lu luyn theo vuacha, quan li, ngi cao sang, ph h, k d, ngi khng tn ngng tam

bo, hng khinh r Pht php, hay gy g cng tn v tng chng. Xu hngtheo nhng iu y gi l agocra, tri li l gocra".

Gocra chia ra c 3 iu:

1. Upanissayagocra: Ni nng nh c th lm cho c hnh pht sanh, nhthn cn cng bc thin tr thc.

2. rakkhagocra: Ci c th gn gi lc cn thanh tnh, nh tr nh.

3. Upanipandhagocra: phng php trau di c th buc cht ci tm, nhphp t nin x.

Gii: nhng bc thin tr thc c 10 li ni trong sch [*] hoc cao minh,hng t ngi nng theo Pht php, cho c nghe chn l cha tngnghe, nghe c ri cng thm ngng m, lm cho ngi ht s hoi nghi,

pht sanh chnh kin.

[*] 10 li ni trong sch (katthvatthu) l:

1. Appicchakth: li ni lm cho pht sanh s tit dc.2. Santutthikath : li ni lm cho pht sanh s bit (tri tc).3. Pavivekakath: li ni lm cho pht sanh s yn lng4. Asamsaggakath : li ni khng lm cho pht sanh s quyn luyn5. Viriyrambhakath: li ni lm cho pht sanh s tinh tn6. Slakath : li ni lm cho pht sanh s trong sch7. Samdhikath: li ni lm cho pht sanh s thin nh8. Pannkath: li ni lm cho pht sanh s tr tu

9. Vimuttikath: li ni lm cho pht sanh s gii thot10. Vimuttinandassanakath: li ni lm cho pht sanh tr tu thy r s giithot.

Nhng bc c cc php: tn, gii, vn, th, tu, m ngi no nng theori hng c hng iu hnh phc, nh th gi l Upanissayagocra.


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Gii v ting rakkhagocra c Pht c t thuyt rng: T-khu khi i voxm hoc i ngoi l, mt thng ng xung, xa li 1 si, i ng cn thn,nghim trang khng xem xe c, nga, voi, ... nht l khng n k b hnh(trai, gi) khng ng pha trn, nhn pha di ... nh th gi l rakkhagocra.

Cn v Upanipandhagocra, c Th Tn ch ngay v php t nim x (thn,th, tm, php) dy ngi tu Pht phi dng php y phi buc cht ci tmnh sau ny:

Yathdhambhe nibandheyya vaccham damannaro idha bandheyyevam sakkamcittam satiyrammane dalham.

Ngha l: trong v tr ny, nhng ngi khi tp luyn b con, cn phi buccht n ng yn ni cy tr, v nh hnh gi, khi tu tm cng phi dng phpt nim x buc cht ci tm, mi c th gn gi tm c yn tnh, gi

l Upanipandhagocra.

c Nh Lai k cra v Gocra vo trong gii bn v l: Gii ca T-khuc trong sch l nh c hnh thm cra v gocra. Nhn , c Pht mi php cra chung vi gii bn.

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GII V TING "LO S NH NHEN CHT T"

Trong iu ng hc php sekkhiyavatta v khandhakavatta v.v... iu hc nothuc v v m phm th cng b ti cho nn gi l ti nh nhen cht t.

i vi bc tr tu, du l ti nh nhen cht t, cc ngi cng chng dm ddui phm n. S lo s ca cc ngi lm cho cc ngi thy nhng ti y ln

bng ni Tu-di, cao n 84.000 do tun. Bng khng, vi ti nh hn ht, nhti c khu, cc ngi cng rt lo s, xem nh i ti "Bt cng tr". Chng phicng ch th thi, cho n nhng nghip nh nhen m c Pht ni "Khng

phi l ti, khng phi l s d dui", cc ngi cng chng phm. Phm cchca bc tr tu lo s ti li nh nhen cht t l nh th y.

Th tr mt vic no l ph thuc ca nhng iu hc "9 iu ca c Pht ch nh" [*] v gn gi hnh theo cho u , nh th gi l u theo tt ciu hc.

[*] 9 iu ch nh l:


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1. mlapnntti: iu ch u tin trong iu hc.2. anupannatti: iu ch ni tip trong iu hc c cm nhiu ln .3. anuppannpannati: iu ch nga s xy n (ni v 8 trng php caT-khu ni).4. sabbatthapannatti: iu ch i vi tt c T-khu trong x.5. padesapannatti: iu ch i vi tt c T-khu trong x trung n .6. sdhranappannatti: iu ch chung cho T-khu v T-khu ni.7. asdhranappannatti: iu ch ring cho T-khu v T-khu ni.8. ekatopannatti: iu ch ch i vi T-khu hoc T-khu ni.9. ubhatopannatti: iu ch i vi c 2 bn.

KT LUN TRONG BIT BIT GII THOT THU THC GII

Tht vy, "Bit bit gii thot thu thc gii" m c trong sch l nh c ctin . iu hc m c Pht ch nh y, vc qua khi tu lc ca ch thinh

vn, nn chnh mnh c Pht mi c th ch nh c. Nhn , cc T-khuphi th tr iu hc, chng nn tic s sng m phm gii, phi hnh theo bik sau y.

Ptimokkham visodhento appevajvitam jahepannattam lokanthena na bhindeslasam varam.

Ngha l: ngi c c tin, khi th tr gii bn, nn liu thc, chng nnphm gii ca c Pht ch nh.

Gii rng: Chim t hoch liu cht rng gn gi trng ca n th no, thcram liu cht rng gi lng n th no, ngi b h c mt trai, rt tru mn,rng gn gi a con th no, k no h 1 mt rng gn gi mt lnh kia thno, th ngi rng th tr gii ca mnh nh th y, hy ly n lm ni chthit, lm cho gii c trong sch hon ton cng nh my iu k trn y.

-ooOoo-

LC CN THU THC GII (Indriyasamvarasla).

c Th Tn t thuyt rng "T-khu th tr gii bn ri, nu mt thysc, tai nghe ting, mi hi mi, li nm v, thn tip xc, tm bit cc phpm chng cm xc, tinh tn gn gi lc cn, khng cho c php (tham, sn, si) nn c, nh th gi l Lc cn thu thc gii".

GII V TING "CM XC"


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Chng cm xc l chng v s tip xc m cm ng, phn bit rng y l phn, y l nam gii, y p, y khng p, y ngon, y khng ngon, v.v...ch phi trong phm vi y nghe m thi.

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GII V TING "TINH TN GN GI LC CN"

Phi tinh tn cn thn, chng ch khng cho lc trn thm nhp lc cn, ngnnga khng cho cnh nghch lm cho pht sanh s thng ght vo nhiu lontm linh. Nu c cnh nghch tip xc, phi dng tr nh cn ngn, ngha l,ng h hng cho tm duyn theo hon cnh. Phi tinh tn hnh theo phpcra v gocra cho u (nh gii trong : "Bit bit gii thot thu thcgii").

S tinh tn nh th ch ngn nga lc cn khng cho c php (tham, sn, si)vo lm hi thin php trong tm. Bi v c php vo c ri, th n lm tiuhoi cc iu lnh trong tm, v nh o tc vo nh vy.

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THU THC V KHNG THU THC

Trong Lc cn thu thc gii c nhng iu phn bit php thu thc vi phpkhng thu thc: khi nhng iu y cha pht sanh th khng th gi l thu thc

hoc khng thu thc c.

Th no gi l php thu thc (samvaradharma), th no gi l php khng thuthc (asamvaradharma)?

5 php phn bit thu thc l:

Slasamvara: Php thu thc, tc l gii.Satisamvara: Php thu thc, tc l tr nh.

Nnasamvara: Php thu thc, tc l tr tu

Khantisamvara: Php thu thc, tc l nhn nhc.Viriyasamvara: Php thu thc, tc l tinh tn.

5 php phn bit khng thu thc:

Dusslya: ph gii.Mutthasacca: hay qun.Annna: khng tr tu.


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Akkhanti: khng nhn nhc.Kosajja: li bing.

Gii: Khi 1 trong 6 trn tip xc vi 1 cn no m c 1 trong 5 php thu thcpht sanh th phi bit rng cn y T-khu thu thc trong sch ri. Tri li,

nu c 1 trong 5 php khng thu thc pht sanh, th nn bit rng cn y, T-khu khng thu thc. S thu thc v khng thu thc chng phi ch pht sanhtrong 1 cn thi u (chng n c th pht sanh trong tt c lc cn).

Mun bit nhng s thu thc v khng thu thc pht sanh, cn phi bit conng i tng bc ca tm.

y xin gii: con ng i ca tm trong nhn cn.

Khi sc trn tip xc mt th nhng hin tng bit ng tip xc pht sanh,

trc ht.

1- Bhavanga: tm thng tnh pht sanh 2 "st-na" (khana: thi gian rt ngnca tc lc tm), ngha l rung ng tm thng tnh 2 st-na ri dit.

2- Kiriymanodhtu: l ci tm tm kim sc trn lm cho s tm kim(vajjanakicca) sc trn y pht sanh 1 st-na ri dit.

3- Cakkhuvinnna: nhn thc, ngha l s bit sc trong nhn cn, lm cho sthy (dassanakicca) sc trn y pht sanh 1 st-na ri dit.

4- Vipkamanodhtu: Tm dung np sc trn lm cho s dung np y pht sanhln 1 st-na ri dit.

5- Vipkahetuka manovinnnadhtu: Tm xem xt chu o lm cho s xem xtchu o (santranakicca) y pht sanh 1 st-na ri dit

6- Kiriyhetuka manovinnnadhtu: Tm ghi chp sc trn lm cho s ghi chp(votthapanakicca) y pht sanh 1 st-na ri dit.

7- Javana: Tm tc lc [*] ty theo trng thi ca cnh gii, lm cho pht sanhphp thu thc hoc khng thu thc.

[*] Javana l ci sc mau chng ca tm bt ly v hng dng sc trn

Khi tm thng tnh (Bhavanga) mi pht sanh th cha c gi rng thu thchoc khng thu thc. Ch n khi st-na (javana) pht sanh mi c th nht


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nh c. Bi tt c cc php phn bin cho bit c thu thc cng khngthu thc u ch pht sanh trong st-na cui cng l (javana) thi.

Ch ni "Phi cn thn tr nh v rng gn gi 6 cn khng cho cc php ltham, sn nn c" l ch r rng: khi tham, sn khng nn c th gi

l thu thc. Nu chng n nn c th gi l khng thu thc.

Xin v d c thn th nh nh, 6 cn ca ca l ngoi nh, ng i ca tm vnh bung trong nh, tr nh nh ngi gi ca.

Tt c 5 php thu thc v nh ca ci, 1 trong 6 trn v nh k dt ng, thamv sn v nh k cp; c 5 php khng thu thc v nh bn ty tng ca kcp. Khi ngi gc ca tc l tr nh qun phn s mnh, th tt nhin k dtng, chnh l 1 trong 6 trn, s tha dp y dn k cp tt l tham v snvo nh. K cp y tc l tham, sn, t em theo bn ty tng, tc l 5 php

khng thu thc xng vo ph bung trong nh, tc l ng i ca tm cply ti sn, tc l thin php (Php thu thc).

V vy, cho nn cn phi tinh tn gi gn 6 cn cho cn thn, ch nn h hng cho gic quan phng tng nh mt hay xem sc, tai hay nghe ting vnvn... Nhng li gii gi l: "lc cn thu thc gii"

KT LUN "LC CN THU THC GII"

Nh c tr nh m T-khu gn gi 6 cn c thanh tnh, lm cho cc c php,

nht l tham, sn, khng th nn ci tm trong sch c.

C li khen rng "Thu thc lc cn gii m c kt qu m mn ri, c thbo tn gii bn c lu di, v nh cy la m ngi gn gi tt ti, l nhc hng ro kn o, v nh T-khu khng th b o tc ph quy, tc l cc

phin novo lm hi, hoc gi v nh 1 x kia c quan qun canh gi ccca thnh rt cn thn lm cho bn tc khng sao xm nhp c". Hip theoPht ngn rng:

Rupesu saddesu adhorasesu gandhesu, phassesu, ca rakkhatindriyam ete

hidvr pidahit susamvut na haranti gmamva parassa hrino.

Ngha l: Con ngi phi gn gi lc cn khng cho iu nguy him tai hi phtsanh, v sc, thinh, hng, v, xc, bi khi cc ca nht l nhn cn, m ngi ng kht khao ri, th chng b ci chi l hi c, v nh trong x mngi ng kn ca thnh chc chn, th o tc cng khng sao vo ph hidn chng c.


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Li na, nu T-khu no thu thc lc cn ri, v lng tham dc khng saoph hi tm ca v c, v nh git ma khng th xoi thng mi nh lp kht khao vy.

ng theo Pht ngn rng:

Yath agram succhannam vutthi na samativijjhati evam subhvitam cittamrago na samativijjhati.

Ngha l: Git ma khng th xoi thng mi nh m ngi lp kht khao thno m lng tham dc cng khng sao xm nhp vo tm ca ngi trau ding n c.

Nhng hnh gi no khi thy r cc c ca s thu thc v nhng ti ca skhng thu thc th chng nn di i, phi ht lng tinh tn gn gi lc cn theo

li ch gii sau ny:

Makkato v yvajivika arannamhi vane bhanto migoviya blo viya ca uttsitona chavelolalocanoadhe khipeyya cakkhni yugamattadasso

siyvanamakkatalolassa nacittassavasam vaje.

Ngha l: nhng ngi no mong c s li ch, th mt chng nn lol innh kh trn cy, nh th nht nht trong rng [*], nh tr con s hi v xa thnquyn. Theo gii lut th trong khi i ng phi ng xung, xem chung quanhmnh li 2 thc, chng n chu theo vng tm, xt ci ny, suy ci khc nh

kh trong rng vy.

[*] Th trong rng thng hay s ngi bt git hay l bt n. Nn khi i ikim n l ra ngoi rng, th mt do dc ng bn ny dm bn kia khng ngt

-ooOoo-

CHNH MNG THANH TNH GII (jvaprisuddhi sla).

Cch nui mng theo l chnh ca T-khu, khng phm 6 iu hc m c

Pht ch nh v nguyn nhn t mng, hoc chng phm nht l 5 c php,nh th gi l gii nui mng trong sch.

Gii v 6 iu hc: Su iu hc ny m c Pht ch nh l:


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1) T-khu ch v nguyn nhn nui sanh mng, c s ham mun xu xa, blng tham nn, ri khoe php ca bc cao nhn (php i nh hoc l phpthnh) m mnh cha c, phm ti Bt cng tr.

2) T-khu ch v nui sanh mng, lm mai dong, ni cho trai va lng gi, gi

p lng trai phm ti Tng tn.

3) T-khu khoe php ca bc cao nhn, ni khng ngay, ch ni m rng "Ccngi hy xem T-khu no trong tnh x ca cc ngi, chnh v T-khu y l

bc A la hn vy". Cch khoe mnh nh th, ch v s nui sanh mng, phm tiTrng ti.

4) T-khu v bnh ch v s nui sanh mng, xin vt cao lng dng, phmng i tr.

5) T-khu ni v bnh ch v s nui sanh mng, xin vt thc dng, phmng pht l.

6) T-khu v bnh xin vt thc dng phm Tc c.

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GII V 5 C PHP:

Nm c php l php hn, ti li m bc tu hnh phi xa lnh l:

- Kuhan- Lapan- Nemittikat- Nippesikat- Lbhenalabham nijjigimsanat

1) Trong c php th nht Kuhan gii rng: T-khu dc li mun c ngitn knh v khen tng, ni di khoe o c cao thng m mnh khng cv tm ni di nh my cch sau ny:

a. Paccayapatisevana: Phng php ni di v s th lnh vt dng.

Gii: c hng T-khu c th ch thnh n dng cng 4 vt dng, duy tmmong mi c my mn y, nhng gi b t chi, lm cho ngi tng mnhl k t tham, khng cnvt qu gi, ch dng vt thp hn thi (nh dng y dca ngi b). V l y nn th ch tht lng tn ngng mnh. Ln sau h em


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nhiu vt n dng cng mi chu th lnh v kim th cha mnh rng: Tachng phi tham dng cc mn y, nhng mun cho qu ngi vui lng c

phc, nn phi buc mnh th lnh. Chng phi ch gi di trong nhng niy, m cn lm ra dng cao thng na, cho ngi cng thm tn trng mnh.

Cc cch hnh ng nh th gi l di tr v s th lnh vt thc.

b. Smantajappana: T-khu dc li, mun c ngi khen ngi, gi tr bngcch ni m rng: Cc ngi nn xem T-khu no mc y nh vy, thy t vthy gio th ca v T-khu y nh vy, T-khu trong tnh x nh vyv.v... T-khu nh th l bc Sa-mn cao thng, bi ngi c o c thanhcao. Hoc ni nhiu cch khc na, hoc t khoe mnh cho ngi khc tntng. nh th gi l Smantajappana

c. Iriyapathasanisita: hoc s di gi xu xa bng cch oai nghi i ng.

Gii: C hng T-khu dc li bng cch hn, mun c danh li nn khoerng mnh c o c cao thng, thu thc oai nghi (i, ng, nm, ngi) theodng bc cao nhn, lm cho ngi lm tng rng mnh c y tr tu, hoc c i nh. Nh th gi l di tr bng cch gi b thu thc oai nghi.

2) Trong c php th nh (Lapan) gii rng: T-khu tham mun xu xa,mong c ti vt v danh ting, khi thy ngi n cha th nim n hi han.nu ngi ni n thnh ch tng th t mnh i thnh th cho, hoc t khoerng: ta c t vua, ch cc quan ln, nh u knh mn. Hoc ni li ny

ting n lm cho th ch phi dng cng vt dng cho mnh. Nh th gi lLapan.

3) Trong c php th ba (Nemittikat) gii rng: tham mun xu xa mong cvt dng v danh d, hnh ng ni cho ngi phi b th ti vt n mnh.

Nh T-khu thy, ngi c vt thc ngon, lm tung nh khng thy gi bhi thm bng th ny th kia, cho ngi bit rng mnh cn dng vt y, khinngi phi buc lng em dng cho mnh. Cc c ch nh th gi l"Nemittikat".

4) Trong c php th t (Nippesikat) gii rng: T-khu dc li cch hn,mong c ti vt v danh vng, quyn chi mng [*] th ch, dng li nyting kia, trch ngi khng bit iu, khng tn ngng Pht php; ni lnhoc ni xu ngi, hoc em n chuyn xu nh ny ni nh kia... nh thgi l "Nippesikat".


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[*] 10 cch chi mng : ngi l k cp, ngi l k d, ngi l k lmlc, ngi l b, ngi l th..

5) Trong c php th nm (Lbhenalbham nijigimsanat) gii rng: T-khudc li cch hn, mun c ti vt danh ting, ly vt c ni y em

cho ni kia, nh th gi l lbhenalbham ijigimsanat.

Nhng l gii trn y gi l s t mng do 5 c php.

---o0o---

GII V S BIT V CH

S bit v ch, l t cch hiu bit thp hn, khng c ch li chi. T cch cnhiu th thc khc nhau,nhng y ch lc thut 8 th thc:

- Bit sch gii v thn th hc (angam).- Bit sch gii v cc nguyn nhn khc (nimittam).- Bit sch gii v thin vn hc (upptam).- Bit sch gii v php on im mng (supinam - mng l nhng triuchng m ngi thng cm gic trong lc ng).- Bit sch gii v thn tng hc (lkkhanam).- Bit sch gii v y phc b chut cn [1] (musikacchinnam).- Bit sch gii v s cng dng la (aggihomam).- Bit phng php cng dng v [2] (dobbihonam).

[1] khoa ny thuc v B-la-mn gio[2] php cng dng (v mc canh) theo o B la mn

T-khu th dng nhng vt thc ca th ch c lng tn thnh dng cng cho,chng nn hc hi sch tng tm cch nui mng bng s bit khng huch nh gii trn.

T cch ca T-khu, nht l s xa lnh 5 c php v 8 iu bit khng hu ch tm th nui mng chn chnh, gi l hnh theo chnh mng vy.

---o0o---

KT LUN TRONG PHP CHNH MNG

T-khu chnh mng do s tinh tn, thu thc theo gii lut, ngha l nh c sc gng, th php chnh mng mi c trong sch.


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S tr gii ny ch nh c tinh tn chn chnh, hng xa lnh cc c php v sbit v ch nh gii trn, mi c th tm vt dng mt cch trong sch c.

Theo l y, T-khu mong c iu li ch, chng nn th lnh vt dng nhnhp hn, tri l o.

--- o0o ---

Phn 02

TH VT DNG GII

PHI BIT VT DNG TH NO L TRONG SCH TH NO LKHNG TRONG SCH

i vi cc hng T-khu khng tu hnh u , nhng vt dng ca thin tnthng lut php b th n ch tng hoc n 1, 2, 3 v T-khu, u gi l vttrong sch.

Tuy nhin vt dng c do s hnh khut, lm lt ca ngi th ch c tmtha thch trong php u dng cng, mi ng gi l vt dng trong sch.Hoc vt dng qu gi hay thp hn c trong mt thi k, T-khu khngdng vt qu, em dng cho v khc v vt hn li cho mnh, nh th ming gi l vt trong sch cao thng.

Vt dng khng trong sch l vt dng c do s t mng nh gii trong"Bit bit gii thot thu thc gii", trong ancra, trong 6 iu hc, trong 5 cphp v trong 8 iu bit v ch, hoc vt dng do s bm d, lm thy thucm c hay t mnh mua, i. Nhng vt y gi l vt khng trong sch.

C li khen rng: T-khu no, du c s tai hi n sanh mng mnh, cngchng thi chuyn trong s hnh theo chnh mng, th cht ch chng chudng vt thc khng trong sch, mi ng gi l bc chn chnh.

Nh i c X Li Pht, mt th n, ngi au bng gi, tn gi Mc kin

Lin hi rng: Thng khi s huynh mang bnh y, vy ch s huynh dngthuc chi chuyn tr? c X Li Pht p "Khi cn th, b bnh ny, tidng cm nu vi sa ti khng c ln nc th bnh ht".

Trong lc y c 1 v T-khu nghe c, bn bo ngi nu cm y nh li cX Li Pht ni khi ny. ng ta i kht thc ri em v dng cho c XLi Pht, nhng ngi chng chu dng, v cho rng cm ny pht sanh do lini ca mnh. Ngi bn thuyt rng:


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Vacvannatti vipphrUppannam madhupyasamSace Bhutto BhoveyyhamSjvo garahito mamaYadipi me antagunam

Nikkhamitv bah careNevabhindeyyamhvamCajamnopi jvitam

rdhemi sakam cittamVivajjemi anesanam

Nham buddhapatikkutthamKhmi ca annesanam

Ngha l: Nu ti dng cm sa pht sanh do li ni ca ti, th t bc tr tukhinh b c. Du rut phi li ra ngoi, ti cng cam chu cht, ch khngthi chuyn, lm h hi php chnh mng ca ti. Ti lm cho tm ti phitheo ti, ti phi xa lnh vt thc tm c do t mng v khng khi no dm

phm t mng m c Pht rn cm u.

C li k rng:.

Anesanya cittampi ajanetv vicakkhano jvam parisodheyyasaddhpabbajito yati.

Ngha l: Nhng hnh gi c tr tu, xut gia theo Pht php do lng tnh

ngng chn chnh, phi lm cho s nui mng c trong sch, khng nnchu theo vng tm, th lnh vt dng thuc v t mng.

---o0o---

QUN TNG V TH VT DNG GII (Paccaya sannissita sla).

Gii nng theo 4 vt dng l ni v t cch dng 4 mn y c trong sch,nh php qun tng.

Ting vt dng l ni v vt phi dng mi c th sng c. Vt dng y c 4loi l.

- Cvara: Vt mc, p, trm cho kn thn th.- Pindapta: Vt duy tr thn th.- Sensana: Ch ngi, ch nm cho thn th an ngh.- Gilnabhesajja: Thuc cha bnh h thn th.


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Tt c chng sanh trong th gian u phi dng 4 vt y du th no cng phinh 1 trong 4 mn y mi c th sng cn c, nn gi l vt dng.

---o0o---

CCH THC QUN TNG

V Dhtupaccavekkhana, phi qun tng chung vi thn th ca mnh chothy ch l nguyn cht "dhtu", dt b s c chp l "ta hay l ca ta".

V patiklapaccavekkhana, phi qun tng chung vi thn th ca mnh chothy l vt khng trong sch, ng nhm gm, dt b s phn bit sai lm,cho l p l sch. Nu trong pindaptapaccaya th k vo trong php thinnh aharapatikla manasikra.

V tamkhanikapaccavekkhana phi qun tng trong khi dng.

Cn v attapaccavekkhana th phi qun tng thm khi dng ri, ni ngyy nga, e qun khng c qun tng trong khi dng, hu ngn lp lngi dc khng cho tm khn kht trong vt dng, nht l ph hu tnh dc, snhn, si m v ng chp khng cho pht sanh v s th dng y.

Nu T-khu dng vt dng m khng qun tng, th s th dng n chem li nhng thng kh trong ng d, nh c Pht ngn rng:

Ayasva malam samutthyataddutthya, tamava khdati evamatidhonacrinam snikammni nayanti duggatim.

Ngha l: Vt d sanh t ni st (r st), ra t ni st, tr li n st th no, thcc iu to tc pht khi trong tm, hng dt dn ngi lm si, khng choqun tng vt dng ri dng, nn phi chu sa vo cnh kh, cng nh th y.

---o0o---GII V 4 PHN TH DNG

S dng vt dng chia ra c 4 phn:1) Theyyaparibhoga, dng nh k trm l: s dng ca T-khu ph gii2) Inaparibhoga, dng nh k mc n: l s dng ca T-khu c gii, nhngkhng c qun tng.3) Dyajjaparibhoga, dng nh ca di sn phi c: l s dng ca bc huhc (t Tu hn n A-na-hm).4) Smiparibhoga, dng nh ca ch: l s dng ca hng v hc (A-la-hn).


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1) Trong s dng th nht Theyyaparibhoga gii rng: T-khu ph gii, ri nmnh n ln th vt dng ca th ch chung vi tng gi l trm vt dng cath ch em dng, v th ch ch tm dng cng n T-khu c gii monghng c nhiu qu phc.

Chng phi h tm dng n T-khu ph gii u, T-khu ph gii c chemt ngi, th lnh v dng vt dng, cho nn gi l trm ca th ch. Chngnhng ch th thicng cn gi l cp ca cc T-khu c gii trong schna. V cc vt h dng cho s tn ngng y, c Th Tn ch cho php cc

bc T-khu, c gii c th hng, m T-khu ph gii li n mnh, chemt th ch, nhn lnh dng. Cho nn gi l cp ot vt dng ca T-khu c gii.

2) Trong Inaparibhoga gii rng: T-khu c gii trong sch, nhng dng vtm khng c qun tng trong 3 thi, theo 1 trong 4 php qun tng, nhth gi l dng vt nh k mc n. T-khu mc n ca th ch khng c thvy vng cho khi ch sanh t c, v nh ngi thiu n khng sao i nx no theo s thch c. Bi c y T-khu c gii trong sch nn quntng trong mi ln mc, trong mi ming cm, trong mi ch , mi khi ivo ng. Lc dng thuc, phi qun tng lun trong khi th lnh v trong khiung.

3) Trong Dyajjaparibhoga gii rng: Bc thnh nhn hu hc nh con ca cTh Tn c php th lnh di sn ca ngi. Bn mn vt dng m th chhng b th bng c tin, v nh di sn ca ngi li cho cc con. Bi c y,s dng 4 mn vt dng ca bc hu hc, c quyn gii c. S dng ca T-khu c gii v c qun tng gi l khng mc n (nanaparibhoga). Nhth cng c, v tri hn vi inaparibhoga hoc gi l dyajjaparibhoga cngc, v T-khu c gii v cng nh bc hu hc vy.

4) Trong Smiparibhoga gii rng: Cc bc v hc thot khi vng n l cas ham mun. Cc ngi c danh hiu l ch ca vt dng, v cc ngi dngvt ca ngi no, hng lm cho ngi y c mn nguyn.

Trong 4 phn th dng y c smiparibhoga l cao thng hn tt c,dyajjaparibhoga cao thng bc trung. Cn theyyaparibhoga v inaparibhogath khng gpi l cao thng c.

Nh th, paccayasannissitasla, cha h hoi v gii y trong sch do s quntng. Min l c qun tng ri, du ch qun tng 1 php trong vt dngno 1 ln, hoc 2 ln cng c gi l cha h hoi. Tr ra n mt tri mc


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ln m khng c qun tng ln no, mi gi l h hoi, v T-khu y phib trong vng inaparibhoga na. y l ni v 3 vt dng trn.

Cn v thuc men, phi qun tng trong khi th v khi dng mi nn, nukhng c qun tng trong khi th, ch phi qun tng trong khi dng cng

c. Nu khng c qun tng khi dng, du c qun tng trong khi thcng phm Tc c. Ptimokkha samvarasla cng h hoi na, nhng

paccayasannissitasla cha sao, ch khi gii hn ca attapaccavekkhana quari, mi h hoi v tamkhanikapaccavekkhana, trong gilnapaccava gn gic c Ptimokkha samvarasla v paccayasannissitasla, cnattapaccavekkhana khng cn qun tng cng c. C 2 gii cng khng hhoi, nu khng c qun tng tamkhanikapaccavekkhana, du c quntng attapaccavekkhana, th ch c c paccayasannissitasla, cnPtimokkha samvaraslaphi h hoi v T-khu y phm Tc c ri.

---o0o---

KT LUN TRONG TH VT DNG GII (Avasna kath paccayasannissita sla)

Tht vy, th vt dng gii ny, hnh gi c kt qu nh th lc ca tr tu,ngha l tr tu l php h tr cho c kt qu. Gii y ch c ngi tr tuthy r ti v phc trong cch th 4 vt dng, mi c th thnh tu c.

Bi c y, hnh gi nn dt s say m theo 4 vt dng v nn dng tr tu qun tng theo cch thc nh gii trc, ri mi nn dng.

C li khen rng: nu T-khu hnh theo cch thc nh th, T-khu y ucgi l ngi va theo li nguyn u tin [*] ca mnh ng theo k ngn nhvy.

Pindam vihram sayansanancaSutvna sanghtirajpavhanamSankhya seve varapannsvakoTasmhi pinde sayansane ca

pe ca-sanghtirajpavhane

Etesu dhammesu anpalittoBhikkhu yath pokkhare vrivinduKlena laddh parato anuggahKhajjesu bhojjesu ca syanesu caMattam sojanna satatam upatthitoVanassa lepanarhane yath


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Kantre puttamamsamva akkhassabbhanja nam yath.Evam hati hram ypanya amucchito.

Ngha l: Hng thinh vn, ngi c tr tu thanh cao, khi c nghe php mbc thin th ging gii ri, cn phiqun tng trc ri mi nn dng: vt

n, ch ngi, ch nm, thuc cha bnh, nc git, y 2 lp. Bi c y, khngnn say m trong vt thc, ch ngi, ch nm, thuc cha bnh, nc git, y2 lp y u, phi c t cch trn tru khng dnh mc, nh git ma rt trn lsen vy. T-khu l ngi c tr nh lun lun, cn phi tit trong vt ngt,vt mc v cc vt thc m mnh c theo thi, tip th ch cng nhd dt trong s r rm mt gh do s thoa thuc vy.

[*] li nguyn u tin l ni v li ca v kit ma dy bo 4 php nng saukhi va th xong c tc gii, m mnh th bng ting ma-bhante.

Ngi i ng xa, cc chng phi n tht con gn gi sinh mng trongkhong ng nguy him, ngi xa phu bt c d mi n du thoa c xe thno, th hnh gi buc lng th thc duy tr sanh mng ca mnh cng nhth y, chng nn v l g, m say m trong vt thc.

---o0o---

PHP QUN TNG (Paccayavekkhana)

Nhng ngi xut gia tu Pht phi bit php qun tng y hng ngy, phi

hc n cho thng thuc nm lng, c ting phn v ngha l.

Cc php qun tng y c 4 l:

- Y phc cho ngi xut gia dng nht l y ca-sa.- Vt thc cho ngi xut gia c php n t mt tri mc n ng bng,nht l cm v bnh.- Ch ng cho ngi xut gia an ngh.- Thuc cho ngi xut gia dng nga bnh.

Trong mi php y u c cch qun tng khc nhau l:

- Qun tng v nguyn cht y phc.- Qun tng v nguyn cht vt thc.- Qun tng v nguyn cht ch - Qun tng v nguyn cht thuc men.


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---o0o---

I- PHP QUN TNG V NGUYN CHT Y PHC(Dhtipaccavekkhana)

Php qun tng ny dy phi thm xt trong khi th lnh 4 mn vt dng ycho thy r nguyn cht ca n.

1) Khi th lnh y phc phi qun tng bng cc ny:

Yathpaccayampavattamnam dhtumattamevetam yadidam cvaramtadupabhujaloca puggalo dhtumattakonisattonijjvosunno.

Y phc ny hn tht l 1 nguyn cht, ch lm ra dng.

Du ta l ngi dng n chng hn, n cng l 1 nguyn cht thi chng phi lth, chng phi l ta, cng chng phi l vt chi chi c.

2) Khi th lnh mn n phi qun tng bng cc ny:

Yathpaccayampavattamnam dhtumattamevetam yadidam piindaptotadupabhujaloca puggalo dhtumattakonisattonijjvosunno.

Mn n ny hn tht l 1 nguyn cht, ch lm ra dng.


3) Khi th lnh ch phi qun tng bng cc ny:

Yathpaccayampavattamnam dhtumattamevetam yadidam sensanamtadupabhujaloca puggalo dhtumattakonisattonijjvosunno

Ch ny hn tht l 1 nguyn cht, ch lm ra dng.


4) Khi th lnh thuc men phi qun tng bng cc ny:

Yathpaccayampavattamnam dhtumattamevetam yadidam gilnappaccayabhesajja parikkhro tadupabhujaloca puggalo dhtumattakonisattonijjvosunno


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Thuc men cho ngi bnh dng y hn tht l 1 nguyn cht, ch lm ra dng.


---o0o---

II- PHP QUN TNG V VT NG GH GM(Patiklapaccavekkhna)

Php ny dy phi qun tng trong khi sp dng 4 vt dng y cho thy r lvt ng nhm gm.

1) Khi sp mc y phc, phi qun tng bng cch ny.

Sabbnipanimnicvarni ajigucchanyni imamptikyampatvativiyajiguechanynijyanti

Nhng y phc ny, vn chng phi l vt ng nhm gm. nhng n khi ngvo mnh hi thi ny gi no ri, th lin tr nn vt ng nhm gm lm.

2) Khi sp mc vt thc, phi qun tng bng cch ny.

Sabbopanyam pindapto ajigucchanyni imamptikyam

patvativiyajiguechanynijyantiNhng mn n ny, vn chng phi l vt ng nhm gm. Nhng n khing vo mnh hi thi ny gi no ri, th lin tr nn vt ng nhm gmlm.

3) Khi sp vo ch , phi qun tng bng cch ny.

Sabbnipanimnisenni ajigucchanyni imamptikyampatvativiyajiguechanynijyanti

Nhng ch ny, vn chng phi l vt ng nhm gm. nhng n khi ngvo mnh hi thi ny gi no ri, th lin tr nn vt ng nhm gm lm.

4) Khi spdng thuc men, phi qun tng bng cch ny.

Sabbopanyam gilnappacceyabhesajjaparikkhro ajigucchanyniimamptikyam patvativiyajiguechanynijyanti


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Nhng vt bo dng thn th tc l thuc men dnh ring cho ngi bnhdng, vn chng phi l vt ng nhm gm. Nhng n khi ng vo mnhhi thi ny gi no ri, th lin tr nn vt ng nhm gm lm.

---o0o---

III- PHP QUN TNG TRONG KHI DNG CC VTDNG (Tamkhanikapaccavekkhana)

Php ny dy phi qun tng trong khi dng 4 vt dng:

1) Khi th mc y phc phi qun tng bng cc ny:

Patisamkhyoniso cvarampatisevmiyva devastassapatightyaunhassapatightya damsamakasavtatapasirimsapa samphass

nampatightya yvadevahirikopinappaticchdanattham.

Ngi xut gia phi qun tng rng: Ta mc y phc y nga s lnh,nng, mui,mng, nng, gi, rn nh, rn ln v che thn th cho khi hthn (la th) vy thi.

2) Khi n phi qun tng bng cc ny:

Patisamkhyoniso pindptampatisevminevadavyana madyanamandanyanavibhsanya yvadeya imassa kyassathitiy

ypanyavihimsu paratiy brahmacariynuggahya itipurnancavedanampatihamkhmina vancavedanamnauppdessmi ytrcamebhavissatianavajjatcaphsuvi hrocti.

Ngi xut gia phi qun tng rng: Ta th thc y chng phi chi nhtr con th, cng chng phi dng sc cho mnh, say m nh k nh ln,chng phi trau di sc thn nh ph n, chng phi im trang nhan scnh k chi bi ng im.

Ta th thc ch cho thn tm c mnh khe, ng chnh s kh nhc, hu

tu hnh theo o cao thng, cho ta dit tr ci kh qua l s i kht vnga s n qu . Cch hnh ng trong 4 oai nghi s pht sanh n cho tanh s th thc ny.

3) Khi vo ch c ng, trong tht, nh, phi qun tng bng cc ny:


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Patisamkhyoniso senpanampati sevmiy vadevastassapatightyanuhassapatightyassnam patightya yvadevautuparissayavinodanam patisalnrmattham

Ngi xut gia phi qun tng rng: Ta dng ch y trnh s lnh,

nng, mui, mng, gi, nng, rn nh, rn ln, trnh s kh chu bi thi ticv c ni thanh vng tham thin nhp nh.

4) Khi dng thuc nga bnh, phi qun tng bng cc ny:

Patisamkhyoniso gilnappaccayabhesajjaparikkhrampatise vmi yvadevauppannnam veyybdhiknam vedannam patightyaabypajjhaparamatvti

Ngi xut gia phi qun tng rng: Ta dng thuc dng thn y l

thuc m ngi bnh dng nga nhng bnh hon pht khi ln ri, chong trnh khi kh no, nng n thng c.

---o0o---

IV- PHP QUN TNG CC VT DNG DNG RI(Attapaccavekkhana)

Php ny dy phi qun tng 4 vt dng khi dng ri trong ngy y, nghal vt dng dng qua 1 ngy, 1 m, phi hi tng trc khi mt tri mc.

Trong mi mn dng phi qun tng 1 hoc 2 ln, 3 ln cng c.

1) Khi qun tng y phc phi qun tng bng cch ny:

Ajjamay apaccavekkhitvyam cvaram paribhuttamtamyvadevastassapatightya unhassapatightya damsamakassavttapasirimsappasamphassnampatightya yvadevahirikopinappaticchdanattham

Y phc no m ta cha qun tng m mc trong ngy nay ri, y phc y ta

mc nga s lnh, s nng, mui, mng, nng, gi, rn nh, rn, ln, chong che thn th v trnh iu h thn (la th).

2) Khi qun tng vt thc phi qun tng bng cch ny:

Ajjamay apaccavekkhitvyo pindapto paribhuttosonevadavyanamadnanam danyanavibhsanya yvadeva


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imassakyassathittiy ypanyavihimsuparatiybrahma cariy nuggahayitiprnancavedanam patihamkhmi navancavadanamna upppdessmi

ytrcamebhavissatiana vajjatca phsuvihrocti.

Vt thc no ta cha qun tng m ta dng trong ngy nay ri, Ta th thc

y chng phi chi nh tr con th, cng chng phi dng sc chomnh, say m nh k nh ln, chng phi trau di sc thn nh ph n,chng phi im trang nhan sc nh k chi bi ng im.

Ta th thc ch cho thn tm c mnh khe, ng chnh s kh nhc, hutu hnh theo o cao thng, cho ta dit tr ci kh qua l s i kht vnga s n qu . Cch hnh ng trong 4 oai nghi, s v ti nht l thn tmkhng bing nhc v s an lc trong 4 oai nghi, ch pht sanh n ta l do nhs th thc ny.

3) Khi qun tng ch phi qun tng bng cch ny:

Ajjamay apaccavekkhitvyam sensanam paribhuttamtamyvedevastassapatiighhtya unhassapatightya damsamakasavtta

pasirimsapasamphasnam patightya yvadevautuparissayavino danampatisallnrmattham.

Ch no m ta cha qun tng m ta vo c ng trong ngy nay ri, l trnh s lnh, nng, mui, mng, gi, nng, rn nh, rn ln trnh s kh chu

b thi tic v c ni thanh vng tham thin nhp nh.

4) Khi qun tng thuc ung phi qun tng bng cch ny:

Ajjamay apaccavekkhitvyo gilnappaccayabhesajjaparikkhro paribhuttosoyvadevauppannnam veyybdhiknam vedannampatightyaabypajjhaparamatyti.

Thuc ung dng thn l thuc cho ngi bnh dng, ta dng chongy nay m ta cha c qun tng. Thuc y tadng nga nhng bnhhon pht khi ln ri, cho ng trnh khi kh no, nng ne thng c.

---o0o---

LM CHO GII TRONG SCH

TI BO TRONG S PH GII (Slavipatydnavakath)

Ni tm li, php lm cho gii c trong sch ch do 2 iu l:


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- Thy ti trong s ph gii.- Thy phc trong s tr gii.

y xin gii v s ph gii trc.

Trong phm Anguttaranikya pancakanipta. c Pht c ging 5 iu nhvy.

1. Ngi ph gii, ngi khng c gii hng b tiu hy ca ci mau l, v vnguyn nhn s d dui.

2. Danh xu ca ngi ph gii, ngi khng c gii hng b n xa n cchng.3. Ngi khng c gii, khi vo ch hi, khng c ti tnh, hng i ngih thn, gc my.

4. Ngi khng c gii, hng m lon tinh thn trong khi hp hi.5. Ngi khng c gii, khi ta r ng un hng th sanh trong cnh kh .

Li na, k ph gii khng c va lng ch thin v khng ng cho bcphm hnh dy bo, phi chu iu kh no v lo ngi, v b ngi i chtrch. K ph gii hng hi hn, v c nghe ngi i ngi khen bc c gii,thng c mu da xu xa dng nh vi lm bng v cy v phi chu s khlu di trong ng d.

Ngi khng c gii, nu th lnh vt dng, th lm cho k tn th t phc, lngi kh trau di cho mnh tr nn trong sch c, v nh hm phn chtcha lu nm, l ngi tiu hoi, xa la cc c tnh ca hng Sa-mn vti sn ca c s, v nh ng tro tn thiu t thi cn st li. Du c xng mnhl T-khu cng vn khng-phi l T-khu. V nh cc con la theo dnh by

b, hng ngy lm cho b git mnh lun. K y b cho l cu th vi tt cloi ngi, khng ng cho ngi khc chung ch, dng nh t thi, du cvn c [1] (suta) cng khng ng cho hng phm hnh dng cng, dngnh la trong rng m a khng ng cho bc B-la-mn chim bi, l ngiabhabba trong s gic ng cc c cao thng, dng nh ngi m khng th

xem thy sc, l ngi khng cn trng cy ni Pht php, dng nh tr conthp hn [2] khng cn mong mi th hng ngi vua, du tng rng: ta c svui cng chng khc chi c kh.

[1] Vn c l c tnh trong s c nghe c hc hi nhiu[2] c vua dng ph n hng dn d lm th phi, sanh c con trai, contrai y gi l trai thp hn khng sao ln ngi vua c.


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C k ngn rng:

Abhivdansdiyane kim nma sukham vipannaslassadalhavlarajjughamsanadukkha dhikadukkha bhgissa

Ngha l: Vui trong ng dc mang qu kh, bt rt nng ny nhiu hn iukh pht sanh do s m ng la. Khi ngi ph gii khng chu b tnh xuy ra, th s vui chnh thc khng sao pht sanh c.

Saddhnam anjalkammasdane kim sukham aslassasattippahradukkhdhimattadukkhassayam hetu.

Ngha l: T cch nhn lnh l bi ca ngi c c tin, l nguyn nhn chus kh rt ln hn s kh pht sinh do cch b st hi bng gm ao, s vuikhng th no c n cho k ph gii, v nguyn nhn chu s l bi ca nhng

ngi c c tin y c.

Cvaraparbhogasukham kim nma asanntassa yena ciram anubhvitabbniraye jalita ayopattasasamphass

Ngha l: Ngi khng thu thc phi chu kh lu ngy, v b la ca cc mingst chy ha ho trong a ngc thiu t. S vui trong cch th dng cc th yca-sa nh th khng sao c n ngi khng thu thc y c.

Madhuropi pindapto halhalavisupamo aslassa ditt glitabb ayoyul

yena ciramrattam.

Ngha l: Ht cm m ngi khng c gii dng, du l ngon ming n u,cng v nh cht thuc c mnh, v k dng cm y s b n nhng cc st mla a ngc t chy lu ngy.

Sukhasammatopidukkho aslino mancapthaparibhogo yam bdhissanti vciramjalita ayomancapthni dukkhni.

Ngha l: cch dng ging v chng ca ngi khng c gii, du l ni c

vui, cng phi chu kh, v ngi y s b ging v chng m la a ngc tchy , lm hi lu ngy, bi s dng ging v chng y.

Dusslassa vihre sadhadeyyamhi knivsarat jalitesu nivasitabbam yenaayokumbhmajjhesu.


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Ngha l: s vui thch do cch nng ng trong tnh tht ca ngi b th bngc tin, khng sao c n ngi ph gii c, v ngi y b vo trong giacho st m la a ngc t chy ho ho.

Sabbabhayehiamutto mutto sabbehi adhikamasukhehi supitahitasaggadro

apyamaggam samrulho.

Ngha l: k ph gii khng sao trnh khi s knh s u. S vui trong cc ci dt hn ri, ca vo ci tri cng ng cht ri, k y ch cn c i trncon ng cnh kh thi.

---o0o---

GII V PHNG PHP LM CHO GII TR NN TRONG SCH(Suddhi kath)

Ni cui cng y, xin gii v 4 Suddhi:

Bn thanh tnh gii nh gii, nu gi theo Suddhi l s phi lm cho tr nntrong sch, mi khi ph gii y, c 4 tn khc nhau nh:

1) Desan suddhi: Gii trong sch v phm cch "sm hi", l ni v "Bit bitgii thot thu thc gii" - Ptimokkha samvarasla.

2) Samvara suddhi: Gii trong sch v phm cch "thu thc", l ni v "Lc cn

thu thc gii" - Indriyasamvarasla.

3) Pariyetthi suddhi: Gii trong sch v phm cch "tm kim", l ni v "Nuimng thanh tnh gii" - jvarisuddhisla.

4) Paccavekkhana suddhi: Gii trong sch v phm cch "qun tng", l niv "Th vt dng gii" - Paccayasannissitasla.

"Bit bit gii thot thu thc gii" c trong sch do phm cch "sm hi", lkhi phm ri, cn phi sm hi gia Tng, hoc 1, 2, 3 v T-khu mi c th

tr nn trong sch c."Lc cn thu thc gii" c trong sch do phm cch "thu thc", l khi phmri, cn phi nguyn rng "Ta khng nn lm nh th na", ri d dt thu thcthm, mi c th tr nn trong sch c.


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"Nui mng thanh tnh gii" c trong sch do phm cch "tm kim", l khiphm ri phi dt b anesana, l nguyn nhn ph gii, ri tm vt dng phtsanh ng theo iu lut m dng, mi c th tr nn trong sch c.

"Th vt dng gii" c trong sch do phm cch "qun tng", l mun cho

gii y tr nn trong sch, th cn phi qun tng theo cch thc qun tngnh c gii.

Cho nn hnh gi c 1 trong 4 gii no khng c trong sch, nn trau ditheo cch gii trn, chng nn im nhin gi ly vt " nhim" y trongmnh.

Nhng iu gii trn y, ch l phng php sa mnh cho hnh gi phgii xu hng theo.

Hnh gi l ngi thnh tm thng gii, cn phi gn gi gii cho trong schlun lun, chng nn v l g m ph gii. Phi hnh cho ng theo k ngn, c ghi chp rng:

Dhanam caje angavarssa hetu angam acjejvitam rakkha mno angam dhanamjvitancpi sabbam caje naro dhamma manussaranto.

Ngha l: - Ch phi dt b ti sn v t chi thn thit l "Nu thng yu tchi, th phi b ca ci ra i, khi mun gn gi sanh mng th phi b t chi rai. Khi nh thy chnh php th phi b c t chi, ca ci v lun c sanh

mng em ra i".

---o0o---

GII V VT NHIM CA GII (Slassasankilesakath)

iu nhim ca gii l:

- Trng thi gii t.- Trng thi gii lng.

- Trng thi gii v. [*]- Trng thi gii r. [*]

[*] V c nhiu sc xen ln. R l c l nh nhiu ch


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C 4 trng thi y gi l nhim ca gii, nht l trng thi gii t, l ni vtrng thi lm cho t gii v 5 nguyn nhn v 7 iu methunasamyoga (hnhvi va vi s giao hp).

Trng thi lm cho t gii v 5 nguyn nhn y l: Trong 7 phn ti nu T-

khu t iu hc th nht hoc iu hc cui cng v theo li, tham danh gil "gii t" nh y ca-sa t ba. Nu t iu hc gia, gi l "gii lng",nh y ca-sa lng khong gia. Nu t 2 hoc 5 iu hc lin tip nhau, gi l"gii v", nh b en hoc vng, c mu sc khc nhau ni lng, ni bng.

Nu t iu hc t khong, gi l "gii r", nh b c nhiu m trng hng,en, nhiu ch. Trng thi gii t c 5 nguyn nhn v theo li, tham danhnh th .

Ph gii do 7 iu methunasamyoga l:

1) Thy B-la-mn t nguyn rng hnh o phm hnh ri li a thchtrong s vut ve, r rm vt dng ca ph n, ri a thch theo.

2) Khng lm n th, ch vui ci gin ht vi ph n, ri a thch theo.

3) Khng lm n th, ch lic mt trng my, vi ph n, ri a thch theo.

4) Khng lm n th, ch nghe ting ht ca ph n, ri rng lng tai nghe athch theo.

5) Khng lm n th, ch nh n cch ci, ting ni, hoc thi quen tipxc vi ph n t trc, ri a thch theo.

6) Khng lm n th, ch thy th ch, hoc con chu th ch ri say m theong trn v a thch gim, hoc mun cho c nh h.

7) Khng lm n th, ch mun cho c thnh hng ch thin, ri tu phmhnh, c rng "Ta s lm c v tri nh vy, do s tr gii ny, ri a thchlm theo".

C 7 iu y gi l methunasamyoga, xp x vi s hnh dm. Nu hng B-la-mn hnh theo th thc y, th gii hoc php phm hnh ca B-la-mn bgi l: t, lng, v, r nh gii.

---o0o---


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GII V IU TRONG SCH CA GII (Slassavo dnakath)

iu trong sch ca gii l:

- trng thi ca gii khng dt.

- trng thi ca gii khng lng.- trng thi ca gii khng v.- trng thi ca gii khng r.

Nhng hnh gi gi gii khng dt, lng, v, r c th cn phi d dt khngdm phm 1 iu hc no, hoc nu phm 1 gii no phi mau hi h tu bli cho trong sch v phi rng ngn nga khng cho 7 iu lmethunasamyoga v 14 c php lm hi n tm tnh.

Phi nn trau di 9 c tnh, mi c th lm cho gii trong sch c.

---o0o---

MI BN C PHP

l:

1) Kodho: Gin.2) Upanho: C gin.3) Makkho: Qun n ngi.

4) Palso: T cao em mnh so snh vi bc c ti c.5) Iss: Ganh g.6) Macchariyam: Bn rt, giu khng cho ai thy ca mnh.7) May: Giu li mnh.8) Stheyyam: Khoe ti c m mnh khng c.9) Thambho: Cng nghnh, cng u.10) Srambho: Tranh ua, dnh phn hn.11) Mno: T kiu.12) Atimno: Khinh ngi.13) Mado: Say m.

14) Pamdo: Cu th, d dui, bung lung theo ng trn (sc tt, ting hay, mithm, v ngon, ng chm ni m i.).

---o0o---


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CHN C TNH

1) Appicchat: Khng ham mun hoc ham mun t.2) Santutthit: Vui thch bnh ng i vi vt c, hoc vi vt dng camnh.

3) Sallekkhat: tu hnh cho gim ln phin no.4) Pavivekat: a thch ni thanh vng.5) Apacayat: Khng cho phin no ng c hoc pht sanh ln c.6) Viriyrambhat: Tin hnh khng cho c php pht sanh.7) Subharat: Lm ngi d dui.8) Appakiccat: Lm ngi t bn vic.9) Sallahukavuttit: Ngi nh nhng nh loi chim ch c cp cnh v ui

bay i n ni no cng c d dng.

---o0o---

PHC BU CA S TR GII

Nhng ngi vng gi cc iu hc trong sch c th hng 5 qu phc l.

1) Ngi c gii hng c nhiu ti sn v khng c s d dui li bing.2) Danh d ca ngi c gii hng bay khp hng.3) Ngi c gii hng i n ni no hi hng c ti tnh, khng h thngc my.4) Ngi c gii hng khng tn lon trong khi hp hi.

5) Ngi c gii sau khi mng chung hng c th sanh trong nhn cnh.

Chng phi c th thi, ngi c gii hng l ni yu mn sng bi va lngca bc phm hnh. Ch n khi chng qu Nit Bn th mi dit tn nhng lu

phin no, y theo k ngn sau ny:

1. Nagang yamun vpi sarabhv sarassati ninnag mah vpi mah nadsakkunanti visodhetum tam malam idha pninam visodhayati sattnam yamveslajalam malam

Nc ca cc sng ln ( n ) l sng Gang, Yamun, Sarabh, Sarassati,civarati, Mahi cng khng c th ra sch iu nh nhp ca tt c chngsanh trong th gian, ch c nc tc l gii ny mi mong ra sch iu nhnhp ca tt c chng sanh c.


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2. Na tam sajalad vt na cpi haricandanam nevahr na manayo nacandaki ranakkur samayantdha sattnam parilaham surakkhitam yam

sametdam ariyam slam accantastalam

Cc ngn gi c nc, hoc c mi th , hoc cc th ngc xch chu m no,

hay l nh sng mt trng cng khng sao dt tr s bc tc nng ny ca ttc chng sanh trong th gian ny c. Ch c gii thanh cao m ngi vnggi chn chnh ri l phc c rt mt m, mi c th dt tr c.

3. Sobhantevanna ryno muttmanvi bhsit yath sobhanti yatinoslabhsanabhsit

Cc bc vng trang im bng ngc xch chu, m no thng cho l ttp ri, nhng cng khng bng hnh gi trau di bng vt trang sc, tc ltr gii u.

4. Attnuvddibhayam viddhamsayati sabbaso janeti hsanca slamslavatemsad

Gii ca cc bc thin tr thc hng dit tr c nhng iu kinh s, nht ls bc bi, khng cn thng xt v thng lm cho danh d v iu a thchc pht sanh.

5. Appakpi katkar slavante mahapphlahontiti slav hotipjsakkrahjanam

L vt m th ch cng dng n ngi c gii, du l cht t cng cnhiu phc bo, v ngi c gii ng gi l ng l vt cng dng.

6. Slavantam nabdhenti sav ditthadhammik samparyikakkhnam mlamkhanati slav.

Cc php phin no c tnh cc git hi v buc tri ngi trong kip hin ti.Nhng khng sao lm hi nhng bc c gii hnh c. Chng phi ch c ththi, nhng ngi hng o bng gc r cc thng kh trong ngy v lai khng

cho pht sanh ln c.

7. Y manussesu sampatti y cadevesu sampad na s sampannaslassaicchato hoti dullabh.

Nhng ngi c gii hnh y , mun c ti sn trong ci ngi v tricng khng kh.


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8. Accantasant pana y ayam nibbnasampad sampannaslassa manotameva anudhvati nibbnasampatti.

c tnh tuyt vi khng xt xa v phin no, v ngi c gii y hng ltti, t ti sn Nit bn tc l ni tch tnh.

Nhng hnh gi khi nim tng qu bu s tr gii ri, c th gm gh xalnh s ph gii, lm cho gii c trong sch y , khng sai. C y, bcthin tr thc nn nim tng n ti trong s ph gii v phc trong s trgii nh c gii ri, nn tinh tn cho gii mnh c trong sch y .

--- o0o ---

Phn 03

NHNG IU CM RI RC

Nhng T-khu v bnh khng nn i xe, nu c bnh c php i xe b,nga xa phu du l nam hoc n cng c.

Khi v bnh khng nn mang dp vo xm.

Khng nn ngi, nm trn cc th da: kh (matadho), s t (kalasho)...(sarabho), b, nga, tru v cc th d, tr ra ca Gio hi th khng cm hocdng lm dp i cng c.

Khng nn mang dp ton mu , xanh, vng, vng lt (nh mu rm), en,en sm (nh lng rt), nh mu l cy chn, nh mu hoa sen. Nu cnhng vt nh th, nn lm cho ra khc mu cm, th dng c.

Li na, khng nn mang guc, cc th dp ging nh ca k th, dp bt mtc, bt lng chn, c giy but n mt c, gc c dn bng gn, dp thu, cdy buc treo tht kt, mi qut ln nh ui con b cp, nh ui con cng.

T-khu cao hn 5 h, ng lm criya i chn khng, v nh h mang dp,

phm Tc c.Khng nn th v n tht, c sng. Ngi xut gia c k th ch st sanh cmth dng cho, cng chng nn n.

Khng bit ri dng tht th m c Pht cm (akappiyamamsa) cng phm ti.Sau khi n, nu r l tht (akappiya) th phi sm hi. Nh th T-khu cn


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xem xt hi li cho r ri mi nn dng. V kh phn bit tht cm (tht guging tht heo, tht beo, cp ging tht th rng c 4 chn).

Nu c mt v trng lo, thin tn thnh v nh h thuyt php, tng kinh, nnch lnh ca v c hoc bch cho v c hay.

Nu v c nn thinh th thuyt php, tng kinh, khng li. Bng v c khng cho,khng nn ci. Nu ln php ta ri, v c mi n th khng ch lnh.

Khng c vi lt nc, chng nn i ng xa.

Nn cho thc phm anmattha pindapta n cha m, ngi h cha m, h tngv gii sp xut gia (trong khi ang nhum y, t bt). Vi gii t, du ngca mnh em cho, cng v ti. Vi cha m, thin tn th khng nn.

Nn cho anmattha pindapta n k cp v cc quan n cha (v e c s taihi n Pht gio v mnh). C ngi i l ng n nh cha nn tu tincho cm, cho, cho nc ung, ch ngh, song ng mong c s l vt trn). Vi k cp, du l ti sn thuc ca tng cng nn cho nga tai hi.

em tin cho cha, m ngi sp xut gia, khng phm ti. Hi thm tin, mnhni cng v ti. em tin cho k khc phm Tc c.

Cho bng n cha, m v thin tn cng Tam bo khng phm ti.

Trng cy dng bng tri, bng mt, hoc ti nc bng li kappiyavohrav ti.

Nhum y khng nn ngi qu 2 u gi xung t.

Khng dng tm xa rng c 5 ti:

- Mt s li ch cho mt.- Ming hi.- B thn kinh th cht b dng khng sch s.

- Mt v m hng bao trm thc phm.- Th thc khng bit ngon.

Ngi, trc khi tu c lm th co, ht tc, xin xut gia khng nn em daoco theo.


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Khng nn nh tc bc, song, nu c lng mc trn my, m mt, lm cho khchu, nh v ti.

Khng nn ht tc, nu c gh trn u, ht tc thoa thuc cng c. Khngnn chi tc, xc du, nh sp, vut tc, tr ra tc c bi vut cng c.

Khng b chng nn che d i vo xm. C bnh l; chng mt, nhc u, chomt hoc c bnh cn phi che d, th khng cm.

Nu c ma s c y, hoc s k d m che d, th khng ti, d bng l cyche ni no cng c, nu mun khi ti, ch c phep che d trong cha,trong t cha m thi.

Khng nn v, hoc bo k khc v hnh ngi v th chi. Nu v lm chosanh lng chn nn, th v ti (nh v cc tch c B tt).

Khng nn mng, treo bt. trong ni no c.

bt trn ch bn, cng (, st... ) cng phm ti.

Khng nn dnh n trong bt, ra tay trong bt dng bt ng d (l,v rc... ) em i . dng tay d cm bt khng nn, vt thc n vo ming rinh ra trong bt khng nn. chng nn n vt chi m khng c k dng.

Nhng vt dnh trong t thi cha r l da tht cn nguyn cha b th n, khngc php ly m dng, bt cn t khng nn em phi hoc ct.

Khng nn ngi v nm chung vi ph n, b np v ngi c c 2 b sanhthc kh.

Khng nn ngi v nm trn ch h tri lt m mnh cha xem xt trc (hocly tay r, lt qua li). Khi h tri mnh thy, hoc lt bng vi mng th khngcn phi xem xt. Chng nn ngi nm trn ch c ri bng, hoc vt thm.

Khng nn dng gi thu, gi di qu na thn mnh, gi may 2 mt bng vi sm, lt.

Nhng vt chi cho Gio hi dng trong 1 ni no, khng nn ly em dngring cho mnh.

Nu th ch thnh i th thc, h cha mi, khng nn ngi, phi ng xa niy ch h thnh s ngi.


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T-khu khng nui bnh cho nhau, du v c khng nui cng phm Tc c.Nu chia phin nui bnh th v ti.

c Pht cho php ngi nui bnh, nu ngi bnh cht c th lnh phn ybt, ngoi ra vt trong garubhanda th nhp vo ca Tng dng chung, khng

c php chia. Nhng vt tm thng th phi chia vi nhau, cho tt c ngixut gia c mt trong cha (T-khu, Sa-di).

Khng nn r ng hnh tng ph n v 7 th la, du trng ngoi rung cngvy. Nu khng c ng i th nguyn l "ng i" ri mi i, khng phm,nhng khng nn p nhm la. Nu th ch thnh n ti trn ng la, go, thkhng c php ngi, phi ni vi h tri trong ni khc. Nu khng c nino trng th v ti.

Khng nn r ng tri cy cha dng, tri cy rng trong rng. Nu tnh lm

v cho anupasampanna th c php. Khng nn ng nhm 10 th ngcthch v vng bc. Ngc Mutta nu cha gii, ng khng sao. Ngoi ra, u lvt anmsa cng chng nn th. Nu th l lm thuc cha bnh th v ti.

Cc th kh gii u l vt khng nn r, ng nhm. Kh gii b ni chintrng, b cn ra, ly li v lm vt dng khng ti.

Nu c bi bay vo bt cm nn bo anupasampanna (Sa-di hoc c s) dngli, hoc ra cho sch mi nn dng.

Khng nn c ht ma, bo k khc ht ma, hoc nghe n kn trong cha.Trong nh n, c bn ht ma, n kn n cng khng ti. Nu c dm,xem, nghe th phm.

Khng nn nm chung trn ging, chiu tri lt, m mng. Nu nmchung trn tri lt, ly vt chi (y, gy... ) ngn nga gia khng phm.

Khng nn n chung ng, ung chung mc nc. Nu kh trong 1da, t, v ly ra n, v khc dng vt cn li trong da, t y cng khi phmti.

Xin thc phm v y bng ming khng nn. Xin ch bng cch ni rng"Trong lc ny, ct tnh tht c chng?" Hoc hi c s rng: ng u?p: - Ti trong dinh. Hoc hi T-khu c th trong dinh c chng? Xinnh th v ti.

c Pht gii rng:


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"Ny cc T-khu! C ng i khng c lng thc, t nc, t thc phm,nu khng tr n th kh i c. Nh Lai cho php kim, tr lng thci ng, c php xin go, ng, mui, kh. Cn dng vt chi, xin vt y.

Ny cc T-khu! C ngi tn ngng b th ni vi k h tng rng: "Nu

i c dng vt chi, ngi nn dng vt y, Nh Lai cho php vt do vng bcm pht sanh, cc ngi nn a thch vt y".

Nh Lai khng ni rng: "Nn a thch vng bc trong ni no c". Chng nntm vng bc u. Cn xin lng thc cho va i ng. n ni ri, nucn d, phi em cho k khc."

Tri cy c ngi trng gi, h ha s dng cng mi nn th. Ha dng tricy sm 4 vt dng, nu T-khu n ln, phi x theo gi tri cy: nhm cni km em ra i mua thc phm cng c. Gp ma khng sao kim thc

phm c, nu c th, nn bn i ch c, h, ca Gio hi, nui sanhmng, song phi nn tu b my ch cn chc.

Nu c k n trm, cp vt chi ca cha, T-khu phi cho quan hay tmvt y li. Nu quan to hi ai trm cp? Du T-khu bit cng chng nnni tn k c y. Cn ni nh vy: ng nn bit ly, ti ch xin tm cc vt yli thi. Nu tha kin, quan x pht n 0$60, T-khu phm ti Bt cng tr.Bng chng tha kin, khng ch tn k d, du quan to c x pht cng vti.

Nu chn khng ra hoc ra m cn t, hoc mang dp p ln ch ngi,nm (ging, chng, hoc ch c sn pht), phm Tc c. Khng nn da voch c sn pht, (vch ct, cnh ca) nu ging, chng trn ch y phi ly lt, k chn ging, chng. Nu v c khng k chn ging, mnh vycng v ti.

Khng nn ling hoc bo k khc ling d (phn, nc tiu, n d, rc)ngoi vch tng, ngoi hng ro. Du ling b vt y, v cy tm (xa rng)trn rung ry ca ngi cng phm ti. Ling trong rung ry, cha gieo trngchi ht th khng sao.

Chng nn ng ngy khng ng ca. Nu khng ng ca m tin rng cngi vo sau h ng hoc c v khc coi chng dm th ng khng phm.

Ng n mt tri mc thc dy ca khng ng khng phm. Nhng thcdy m khng ng ca m ng li na th phm ti.


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Khng nn mn ai lm cng vic hoc xin ti chnh mn ngi lm cngvic cho mnh, c php xin h lm th cng. Nu h khng rnh v ni: Ngikim ngi lm ri ti tr tin th v ti.

Mun cn dng vt chi chng nn xin ngay bng li ni. V d nh t bt m

khng c thoa bt, khi i kht thc th ch em cm dng, ly tay y btli, h hi ti sao? Nn p: t bt ri khng c du thoa. H xin bt emthoa ri vt thc trong bt, mang n dng cng c.

Nu i ng hoc i bt mt, h tri chiu hoc em gh cho ngi, khi i phicho ch hay. Bng khng mt phi thng.

Khng nn dng gi di na thn mnh, gi may 2 mt trn 2 u ging,(pha u v pha chn) v gi thu, tr ra gi va k u th khng cm.

T-khu cao hoc thp hn 2 h ch c php ngi chung trn ging hocchng va ngi c 3 ngi.

c php ngi trn gh ca c s c dng bng gn m khng nn nm, nunm khng dnh vi gh th khng nn.

Chng nn ngi, nm trn ch cao qu hn 8 ngn tay ca c Pht, trn chcao qu (gh c chm tr) v c chm tr hnh th d.

Khng nn nm trn ch c sn hnh th d, trn tri bng lng di hn 4

ngn tay, tri bng t, thu hnh th d, tritrng lm bng lng th, tri lm bng lng c chm, tri c dn gn, tri c v hnh th d, tri c lm lng dng ln 2 bn, tri c lm lng dng ln 1 bn, tri cchy kim tuyn, bng t, hoc ng bng qu, tri bng lng th vacho 16 ngi khiu v nhy ma, tri trn lng voi, nga xe, bng da cp, ng c trn ln trn lng, gi c 2 mc pht v lt, sch s catng. Nu cha lt nga c ca mnh hoc tri ri m ng qun, tricung vo, thn th ng nhm ni y phm ti. Lng chm nhm ni no,

phm ti, m theo s lng. Bn tay v ng nhm v ti.

-ooOoo-

GII V CCH CHO V TH

V s th bng cch thn thit theo 5 chi:


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- Ca bn thng thy nhau.- Ca bn thng hay n chung cng nhau.- Ca bn ni trc rng: ngi mun vt no ca ti hy ly vy y i.- Ca ngi bn cn sng.- Ca bn bit rng mnh ly ri v a thch.

T-khu gi y trong tay v khc, nhn rng: ngi a gim y ny n gim ytn . Ngi nhn lnh, i n na ng, ly y bng cch thn thit vi T-khu gi, gi l ly bng cch chn chnh. Nu ly bng cch thn thit viT-khu chng chu gi cho gi l khng chn chnh.

Ngi i n na ng, nghe tin ch gi y cht, nu nguyn l di sn ca vcht y, gi l nguyn ly khng chn chnh. Nu ly bng cch thn thit vingi gi gi l ly bng cch chn chnh.

Nghe tin rng gi y n v no, m v y cht ri, nguyn l di sn ca v ycht, gi l nguyn ly khng chn chnh. Nu ly bng cch thn thit vingi gi gi l ly bng cch chn chnh.

Nghe tin c 2 u cht ht ri nu nguyn l di sn ca T-khu gi y gil nguyn ly bng cch chn chnh.

Nguyn ly ca T-khu m ch chu gi cho gi l nguyn ly khng chnchnh.

Lina, T-khu gi y trong tay ca v khc rng: Ti cho y ny n T-khutn ny, T-khu nhn lnh, i n na ng, ly bng cch thn thit vi T-khu, m ch gi cho, gi l ly khng chn chnh. Ly bng cch thn thitvi T-khu gi, gi l ly bng cch chn chnh.

Nghe tin rng T-khu gi, hoc T-khu phi c u cht c, nu ly bngcch thn thit vi v phi c nh th l ly bng cch chn chnh.

Nu ly bng cch thn thit vi v gi, hoc ly m nguyn l di sn ca vgi, nh th gi l ly khng chn chnh.

---o0o---

V CCH TH THEO "5 CHI MI NN" L

- Vt va cho ngi c sc lc bc trung d ln ni.- xa trong 1 hc, 1 gang r rt.


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- nh dng cho r rt.- Ch thin hoc ngi hay th, dng bng thn hay bngvt dnh vi thn,hoc thy cho.- T-khu th lnh vt y bng thn, hoc bng vt dnh vi thn.

Nu th ch ly ng thc phm i chng ln u, n ng gn T-khu,xin T-khu th lnh, khng c nh dng trc, th khng nn th. Nu hc knh dng, T-khu a tay ly ng pha di, th ng pha trncng gi l th ri, hoc gi mun vt no th vt y cng c.

V ng, nu th ch gnh dng gnh trong hatthapsa, T-khu thcng c. Du l tre di 30 hatthapsa, 1 u buc nc ma, 1 u sa, nu th n gnh cng gi l th c 2 mn thuc y. trong hatthapsari dngvt dnh theo mnh m th gi l th chn chnh, tr ra dng vt pht sanh ratrong ni y, nh dng l sen b, th th khng nn, v vt y khng phi lvt dnh theo mnh. Nu th ch ng xa hatthapsa ri dng, th nn bo h lign. Nu h khng nghe, phi th mi li (th ri a cho anupasampannadng li na).

i khut thc c bi bay v trong bt, phi nh ngi dng bt li ri mi nnth n, nu khng c ai dng m dng bt y i th na, phm Tc c. Nuni m h khng nghe, hoc khng , th khng phm. Nhng khi xong,

phi nh k khc dng bt li, ri mi nn i kht thc na.

C gi thi bay vo bt khng th th thc c, nhng nn ch rng th

em v cho anupasampanna, th v ti.

V n ch ng, cho dt n y n anupasampanna, ri anupasampannadng li, hoc mnh ly bng cch thn thit ri n cng c. Nu mnh cho

bt v cm dnh bi y n T-khu trong bn, nn ni vi T-khu y cnphi th mi li dng i. Nu bi rt trn mt n th nn ra, hoc ly b ra,n vt cn d y cng c. Nu bi dnh pha di, phi th mi li. Nukhng c anupasampanna, khng nn ri bt khi tay, phi i tmanupasampanna th li. Bi vo cm v bnh th ly bi ra ri n cng c.

Nu bi nh lm bay vo cm pha trn, nn ly cm pha trn ra, hoc th liri s n cng c.

Th ch em cho hoc canh trc mt mnh, vng bt rt trong bt, nn thbt li. Nu h bt, bt trong cm rt vo bt trc, gi l rt vo chnchnh, v h c nh dng cng ri. Nu h dng c cm v c rn c tro,than bay rt vo khng ti, v h knh dng n ri. Nu h dng theo th tT-khu ngi lin tip nhau, cm rt vo bt T-khu khc, gi l rt vo chn


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chnh. Nu ct, cht, x (vt n) dng n 1 v T-khu m lm vng vo bt 1v khc nn th bt li. H ct x x vt n trn bt v no, vng vo bt v yv ti, v h ch tm dng cng ri. H dng m mnh khng hay bit vkhng c th, khng gi l th. n nng hoc mnh nm chung trong 1ch c cuc bt, nu h dng thc phm, m mnh ly tay, hoc chn vnchn bt th cng c. Vt chi h dng m ri rt c php c dng.

Nu vt ri vng gn T-khu khc, v ny lm dng cng c, hoc mnhni cho T-khu y dng cng v ti. Nu T-khu ch vt khng ni li chi,th T-khu kia khng nn lm. Nhng nu c lm gim th khng phm.

Nu dao c st, rc dnh ma, hoc ly chy m thuc, thy thuc dnh st, nnth li mi dng c. Bi st dnh khng r rt, dng khng phm. i bt cma trn mnh hoc trn y rt vo bt nn th bt li, du ngi n di bngcy c ma rt vo bt cng vy. Nu tri ma 7 ngy, nc ma trong mnhhoc ma rt t trn thinh khng, dng khi phm.

Khi cho cm n Sa-di, khng nn r ngvt trong bt ca Sa-di hoc phi thbt ca Sa-di , v ng nhm vt trong bt ca Sa-di, ri tr li ly cm camnh, cm dnh theo y thuc v uggahita. Nu mun cho, nn bo Sa-di:

Ngi ly bt ht cm i. Sa-di bch: Ti c dng ri. Du T-khu c nina rng: Vt y ta b th cho ngi ri, m Sa-di bch li rng: Ti khngcn dng. Nh th du c ni n 100 ln th ca y vn cn li ca mnh (caT-khu). Cm ca T-khu cho n Sa-di ri, nu cm y ri vo bt camnh th T-khu nn th bt li.

Th ch nu cho ri h i, c Sa-di cn nh khng sao nhc ni cho xungc, T-khu nn nghin bt vo, Sa-di nn nghin ni cho ra ngay ming

bt . Cho rt vo bt gi l vt dng chn chnh, vi thng bnh, thng cmhoc b ma cng vy, nh b ma nng va cho sc ngi bc trung d lndng m c 2, 3 Sa-di gip nhau d ln dng, du 2, 3 v T-khu tip nhau th cng c.

V ng du hoc ng treo mng di chn ging, T-khu ngi trnging th cng c, v khng phi l vt uggahita. Hai ci ni chng nhau,th ni trn, khng th ni di, cm ly ni pha trn cng c. Ni phadi th ri, ni trn cha th, khi d ni trn ln, cm ly ni di, ni trn luggahita.

Ni du cha dng di ging, khi qut dn ng nhm khng gi luggahita.


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Tnh ly vt th m ly ln vt cha dng, bit ri em li ch c, khngphi l uggahita.. em vt ra, ngi th mi hay th khng nn pha ngoi,phi em ct li ch c. Lm vy khng ti, song chng nn ng nhm na.Nu vt m th ch khng y np ri ct, T-khu khng nn y np, phi nh thung cho h.

Ngi leo ln cy tht nt hoc cy da, ly dy buc quy thng xung riku bo th th khng nn th. Nu c ngi ng trn t h cm mi dy

buc quy tht nt hoc da h dng, th th c. Nn bo lm kappiya nhnhcy ln c tri ri s th, th cc tri cy trn nhnh u l vt th ri c.

T-khu cm nhnh c tri lmd che i, ri mun n tri cy y, phi ngidng mi nn dng.

Sa-di mun nu cm song d ni khng ni, T-khu nn th go v ri go

v bt ni ln c rn, nhng ng ni la, khi d np xem chng. Nu thycha chn p np li cho chn th khng nn, bng y khng cho bi tro rtvo th c. n khi chn, nhc ni xung n cng c.

Sa-di c th nu c nhng khng rnh, T-khu nn ni: Ngi phi dnggo ni v nc l, ri bt ni ln c rn nhm la cho chy ri i i. Nh thtip theo T-khu lm cc cng vic nh trn cng c. T-khu mun dngcho, ni sch trn c rn nu nc cho si cng c, khi nc si, Sa-di go vo ni, t T-khu khng c chm la thm na. Lc cho chnth lnh ri n cng c. Sa-di ang nu cho, T-khu li r ni ng nhm

d np ng th khng c php n cho.

T-khu i kht thc v, bt trn chn bt vt y, khng cn phi dng na.Nu T-khu r rm bt, np bt m chi, cm c trong bt, khng nnn T-khu y. Nu T-khu d bt ln ri bt xung, cm y khng nnn tt c T-khu.

T-khu nu nc si ung cng c, song nu c tro bi bay rt vo, nn thmi li. T-khu ang dng ma, Sa-di xin n, T-khu dy cho Sa-di baonhiu, Sa-di ly theo li cho, vt cn d li khng cn phi dng, du vi

ng cng vy.

Thc phm ra khi ming nut vo khi c, ngoi bui n, phm ti, du vtn dnh k rng cng vy. Gn ng ng dng cm trong ni khng c nc,nn khc nh 2, 3 cc ri i n ni c nc s sc ming cng c.


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Nu khng mui, ly nc bin dng cng c, nc mn th ri dnhtr thnh mui, hoc mui tan ra nc, hoc nc ma tr thnh ng hay lng tan ra nc, nn th li.

Nc mc trong sng, ging, du c cng khng cn phi dng. V nc c

ni ng rung, nu nc bng, bu, c bng, l cy rng vo, lm cho ncc mi v, th nn th ri s ung, nu khng c mi v r rt, khng cn phidng. Nc trong ao sen c nhy sen trn mt nc, nhn ng xung trongnc mc cng c.

T-khu bo ngi lm tm xa rng, nn cho h dng. Tm khng th dnh, du khng bit v nut vo c cng phm ti, v iu hc y v acittaka.

Vt thc c mi kh n, c php vo cht ru cho bn mi, song khngnn nhiu, c hi ru. Thuc c mi v ru, khng php ung, nhng thoa

xc c.

Khi dng bijagma (tri cy cn gieo trng c) nn bo anupasamoannarng: Ngi nn lm cho ra vt nn dng (kappiyam karohi), ri mi nn n, l

phi lm theo 5 iu:

- Dng la t.- Dng dao xt, gt, x.- Dng ngn tay bm, gch.- Tri khng bija.

- Tri c bija m ly ht ra c.

t cn ti sng, nn lm kappiya ly ht ra hoc lm cho chn, hoc bm htcho nt u . Nu lm sai 1 iu no trn y gi l phm Tc c.

I- T-khu trm vt ng gi l vatthu prjika gi l ekabhanda; cp nhiuvatthu song mi vt cha n gi, phm Bt cng tr, gi l nnbhanda.

II- S cm ly vissasa phi c 3 chi:

- L ngi tng quen thy, gp nhau hoc c ni trc vi nhau.- Bit rng cm ly ri, ti ch va lng.- Ngi ch cn sng, mi gi l cm ly chn chnh.

III- Nu saddhimvihrika hoc antvsika chung vi upajjhya, criya ri, 2v ny phi:


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- Chia lbhaphala, dy php c tm met.- C gii tinh nghim.- C s tn trng: tam bo, upajjhya, craya hoc tn trng mahtthera khc,l bc cao h a hn mnh.- Khng nn lm cho tr bun lng, cn cho t b d v lnh, khin cho trc tin ho v cng c a thch thy.

IV- T-khu cha 5 h, thng hoc khng thng lut php, gi lnavabhikkhu, cn phi, cn phi c nissaya lun khi. T 5 h tr ln n 10 hv thng hiu lut php l angaguna ang n nissaya muttaka [*] c gi lmajjhimabhikkhu. c trn 10 h v thng thuc lut php c angagunagil Thera.

[*] nissaya muttaka: l T-khu du tu lu n 100 h m khng thng hiugii lut, cng khng c php xa ng thy. Nu xa thy th phm ti mingy.

V- T-khu nhp h u t ri, qua h sau nhp khng c, ch khi hu s,nhp h trc khng kp, mi c php nhp h sau.

VI- Lm Uposatha cn c 4 anga:

1) Nhm ngy 14, 15 hoc l ngysmagg.2) T-khu t 4 v tr ln v nu l pakatttabhikku khng phm prjika, hoc

b Tng pht ukkhepanyakamma (song 2 hng , c trong v th th t mi l

khng c). Cc ngi ng trong hatthapasa, nh th mi lm Uposatha c.3) Cc ngi khng phmsabhgpatti.4) Trnh hng ngi khng c php ngi trong hatthapasa, nh th mi lmUposatha c.

VII- Trong 1 cha c 5 T-khu nhp h trc, qua k sau c 5 v khc nnhp h, ti k Pavran, c 10 v phi hi nhau trong chnh in lm

pubbakicca, ri 5 v trc nn natti ri lm Pavran, 5 v sau phi t parisudhi.n k Pavran sau, 5 v sau cn natti, pavrana, 5 v trc t parisuddhi.

VIII- Vo n cetiyathna khng nn mang giy, trm y, t d dui ni khc,ni li ting, ngi khoanh tay, nh khc, ngi ngay trc gn kim thn.

VIII.b-T-khu nghi hoc nh khng chc khng nn sm hi.

IX- V sikkhpada th 8 ca kosiyavatta ni rng: "a thch vng bc mngi ct gi cho mnh, gi l nissaggya pcittiya. Ngha l khi th ch yu


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cu rng: vng bc m h ct gi cho mnh l ca mnh. Ri T-khukhng ngn bng thn, hoc bng khu, c tm a thch, th phm nissaggya

pcittiya. Nu h khng t cho bit, du c a thch cng khng phm.

X- T-khu m th ch khng thnh, i chung theo vi T-khu c thnh, th

ch cng dng cng n v na, T-khu y phm v jvavipatti, cn chohon tc.

XI- Phi tng Bhikkhu Ptimokkha cho n dt (thuc nm lng). Nu khngc antarya, 1, 2, v tng Ptimokkha khng c. Tng thuc lng phn na,tng xem trong Ptimokkha phn na khng nn.

XII- Sla c 2 th: pannatti v cra. Tt c sikkhpada c trong Ptimokkhau l pannatti. Cc hnh kim tt nn hnh, khng c trong Ptimokkha gi lcra.

XIII- c Pht thuyt 4 nissaya trong anussana (Pindapada cvarapasukla). Ng di bng cy, dng thuc ngm nc tiu .

Ngi l bc vng ra khi dng Sakya, c s sang c, l iu m mingi mong mi. Tuy nhin mun c vui cng lm khi lm quy, khin choquyn luyn cc cnh gii, lm lc say m trong ng dc, phi nng ny bn

bu, buc rng, thng thic, lc cc vt mn yu h hao, tiu hoi. Cho nnngi chnh nn, xut gia tm s vui yn lng, khng quyn luyn trong cc vt. Trong thi i tm o gii thot gp craya m phn ng sng bi rng l

ng thy nht. Ngi cng vo th gio, n khi hc thun thc, thy rngcha dt b nhng iu quyn luyn, xu xa (l cn ham m ng dc, cn mctrong php th gian). Ngi lin i trong ni khc. Du chnh mnh ngi chadt c iu nh nhp, tm cha yn lng, l cn say m a thch, ngi cngcha va lng. Ngi ch nht tm hnh theo chn l, cho n gic ng mi thi.

Th sanh, ngi hay ty tin ch bo, nht l php tri tc (sandosa), lnh xakhis ham mun xu xa m ngi tng gp ri, khng phi l trung o, gic ng. C , ngi mi ban hnh 4 nissaya cho bc xut gia dng, v hngngi lnh ng dc, tm xut gia lm bc thu thc thn, khu, cho chn

chnh, ch cn tu phm hnh php (brahmcariyadhamma) c gii l iu trngyu, l phi trong sch y trc ht, ri s tu nh, tu tu tip theo.

Nu bc xut gia hnh trn ngha v nh th mi khng c s kh trong chnhmng, nh bt c 2 tay. L , ngi dy bc xut gia cn phi tm thc phmm th ch tu sc cng dng. Bn nissaya l vt d tm kim hn ht. Ngicho php dng ngn nga ci tm khng cho lay chuyn, v l ngi nng


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ni k khc, h cho chi dng ny, mi gi l bc xut gia, c tm tri tc, athch vt dng tu c tu c, l ngi d nui tc nhin tr gii cng d, tu thin nh v tr tu ni tip l nc thang cao thng, c d dng.

XIV- T-khu cha c nissaya muttaka, khi vo xm cn bch cho upajjhya,

criya mi nn i.

XV- Trong 6 samutthana phm pati u alajjit, phm m khng bit thn, lti xu xa nng n hn ht, v khng bit h th iu no cng phm c c.

XVI- Khoe lokiyanaddh, calassaddh th phm pcittiya, khoelokuttarasaddh, acalasaddh th phm prjika.

XVII- ting "cvara" chng phi k chung tt c y t 4 + 8 ngn. Ch ni vsikkhpada 1, 5, 6 ca cvaragga, trong sikkhpada th 5, 6 ca pattavagga,

trong sikkhpada th 5 ca ovdavagga, trong sikkhpada th 10 casurpanavagga, trong sikkhpada th 11 ca sahadhammikavagga.

XVIII- Nu lm vinayakamma dng vt ngn cho ra vt n c theosikkhpada th 5 ca bhojanavagga, phi lm vinayakamma nh vy: ly

bhojana em c ni, i thnh v khc khng ngn bhojana n th thc, lmcho c php, ri cho v kia dng c.

XIX- T-khu tnh hon tc, mc th y k th, phm dukkata.

XX- T mt tri mc n ng bng gi l purebhattakala. T qu ng n gnsng gi l pacchbhattakla.

XXI- Phm bhedanaka pcittiya, phi ph b vt sanh patti trc, ri sm hisau (nh sikkhpada th t ca rjavagga) mi nn.

Phm chedanaka pcittiya cn ct bi vt sanh patti cho trng theo lut, rimi nn sm hi (nh sikkhpada th 6 ca rjavagga).

XXII- Vt che thn c 3: y, nh tm trong nc.

Spattikassa bhikkhave niryam vadmi tiracchnayonimv

Ny cc T-khu! Nh Lai nht nh ni: a ngc v cm th cho cc T-khu phm ti [*].


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[*] l phm ti nh m khng sm hi; phm Bt cng tr m khng hon tc;phm Tng tn m khng chu cm phng.

-ooOoo-

GII V CCH THC SM HI

Cc ti m T-khu c phm ri th lm cho h hoi ng tri o quv Nit Bn, v l phm iu rn ca c Pht.

Cho nn T-khu khi phm iu hc Bt cng tr phi xin x gii hon tc,phm Tng tn nn khai gii y cho tng x ti theo lut nh, phm cc tinh cm phi i vi Tng hoc 2, 3 hay 1 v T-khu m sm hi, mi tr nntrong sch c.

T-khu phm ti mc y cha 1 bn ri i tm v khc, ngi chm hm chptay c bi sm hi.

Nu phm mt ti c:

Aham vuso / bhante ekam thullaccayam / pcittiyam / dukkatam/ dubbhsitampattim pannotam patidesemi

Ngha l:

Bch ng / i c , ti phm Trng ti / Ti ng i tr / Ti Tc c / Ti ckhuNay ti xin sm hi ti li y.

Ngi chng nhn c:

Passatha bhante - (ngha: Bch i c thy ri chng?)Passsi vuso - (ng thy ri chng?).

Ngi sm hi c:

ma vuso / bhante passmi

Ngha l: Bch ng / i c, ti thy.

Ngi chng nhn c:

yatim bhante samvarareyytha


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Ngha l: Bch, t y i c nn thu thc ly.

yatim vuso samvareyysi

Ngha l: Bch t y ng nn thu thc ly.

Ngi sm hi c:

Sdhu sutthu vuso / bhante samvarissmi

Ngha l: Bch ng / i c, phi ri ti xin thu thc chn chnh

Nu phm 2 ti c:

Aham vuso / bhante dve thullaccayyo / cittiyyo / dukkatyo/ dubbhsityo

pattiyo pannot ptidesemi

Nu phm 3 ti c:

Aham vuso / bhante sambahul thullaccayyo / cittiyyo / dukkatyo/dubbhsityo

pattiyo pannot ptidesemi

Nu phm nhiu ti ng x i tr nn x b vt (y, bt) trc ri mi nn smhi ti ng x i tr sau. X y c:

Idamme vuso /bhante cvaram dashtikkantam nissaggiyam imhmyasmato nissajjmi

Ngha l:

Bch ng / i c, y ny ca ti qu 10 ngy, l vt phi x, ti xin x yy ca ti n ng / i c.

X nh th, ri sm hi ti ng i tr (pcittiya) nh gii trn.

Ngi chng nhn c cu ny tr y y li.

Iman cvaram yasmato dammi

Ngha l: Ti cho y ny n ngi.

Nu phi x y ca-sa th c:


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Ayamme vuso /bhante sanghti uttarsango antaravsako ekarattimVippavuttho annatrabhikkhusammatiy nissaggiy imham yasmatonissajjmi

Nu x bt gia qu 10 ngy, c:

Ayamme vuso /bhante patto dashtikkhanto nissaggiyo imham yasmatonissajjmi

Nu x nhiu c:

Imme vuso /bhante patt dashtikkhan nissaggiy imham yasmatonissajjmi

V Rpiya, vt mua, i bng rpiya, v bt nt b cha 5 ch, phm 3 iu

hc y, phi x vt gia Tng.

Nu c nghi phi t s nghi y trc ri sau mi nn x y d, nghi rng chaadhitthna trc 10 ngy nn ni: "Nu y ny thit cha adhitthna, khi xnh th s tr thnh vt cho ti dng c".

Ni nh th nn x y nh c gii trn. Khi ni cho bit nh vy ri lmvinayakamma, khng phm ti ni di.

Li na trong ngy Uposatha Pavran mnh nghi phm ti, nn t hay s nghi

y trc ri mi nn lm Uposatha Pavran v nghe gii bn (Ptimokkha).Chng nn lm hi n Uposatha v Pavrana v s nn thinh khng sm hi,tm v T-khu ri ngi chm hm chp tay.

Nu nghi 1 ti c:

Aham vuso / bhante ekiss thullaccayya / pacittiaya / dukkatya /dubbhsitya

pattiy vematiko yadnibbematiko bhavissmi tadtampattim patikarissmi

Ngha l: Bch ng / i c, ti nghi trong Trng ti / Ti ng i tr / TiTc c / Ti c khu,Khi ht nghi ti s sm hi ti y.

Nu nghi 2 ti, c:


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Aham vuso / bhante dvsu thullaccaysu / pacittiysupattisu vematiko yadnibbematiko bhavissmi tadtampattiyo patikarissmi

Nghi nhiu ti c:

Aham vuso / bhante sambahulsu thullaccaysu / pacittiysu

Nghi phm nhiu ti m iu hc khc nhau:

Aham vuso / bhante sambahulsunnvatthuksu thullaccaysu / pacittiysu /ukkatsu / dubbhsitsu

Khng nghi by, tn ti m sm hi cng nn, sm hi nh vy:

Nh mt tri b my che ng, nghi l bui sng hoc bui chiu, ri dng vt

yvaklika, ti nghi ri m dng vt yvaklika.

Nu bui sng th phm Tc c, c:

Aham vuso / bhante ytamin vatthusmimsambahul dukkatyo / pacittiyyo pattiyopannot patidesemi

Ngi chng nhn c nh gii trn:

Li na, T-khu sm hi hoc chng nhn ti phm ng nhau sabhgpatti,

phm ti Tc c, v c Pht c dy: Na bhikhave sabhg patti desetabb...patiggahetabb.

Ngha l: Ti ng nhau, T-khu khng nn sm hi, nu sm hi phm Tcc. Ti ng nhau, T-khu khng nn chng nhn, nu chng nhn phm Tcc.

Hai T-khu phm ti ng nhau (chung 1 iu hc) nh n si gi cng nhaukhng nn sm hi, khng nn chng nhn li sm hi vi nhau.

Nu 1 v phm ti n si gi, sm hi vi v phm ti n vt thc khng phica d, ca T-khu bnh, cng c.

Nhng ti no, c phm iu hc ging nhau m T-khu sm hi ri, cng gil sm hi chn chnh. Ngi sm hi phm thm Tc c khc (v sm hi),cn ngi chng nhn cng phm thm Tc c khc (v chng nhn), ti y gil ti c iu hc khc nhau. Cho nn ch sm hi cng nhau na cng c.


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Trong khi nghe tng gii bn hoc Pavran, nu nh ti c, nn cho T-khu ngi gn hay tn ti nh vy:

Nu nh n 1 ti c:

Aham vuso / bhante ekam thullaccayam / pacittiyam / dukkatam /dubbhsitam

pattim panno ito vutthahitv tam pattim patikarissmi

Ngha l: Bch ng / i c, ti phm 1 Trng ti / 1 Ti ng i tr / 1 Tic / 1 Ti c khu,Khi ng dy khi ni y ti s sm hi ti y.

Nu phm nhiu ti nn khai ting khc vo nh c gii trn.

Phi t vi T-khu sabhga, khng nn ni n T-khu visabhga v e c sci l. Nu khng c T-khu sabhga, th cn ghi nh trong tm rng: Khi rakhi ni, ta s sm hi. Ri lm Uposatha, Pavran c.

Nu tt c ch T-khu trong cha u phm iu hc ging nhau, nn cho 1 vn cha khc sm hi ri tr v cho T-khu trong cha sm hi li.

Nu khng c th c th v T-khu thng hiu nn c tuyn ngn giaTng rng:

Suntume bhante sangho ayam sabbo sangho sabhgam pattim panno yadannam bhikkhum suddham anpatti tam apattim patikarissati.

Ri lm Uposatha Pavran. Nu nghi, nn tng tuyn ngn gia Tng:

Suntume bhante sangho ayam sabbo sangho sabhg pattiy vematikoyadnibbe matiko bhavissati tadtam apattim patikarissati.

Ri lm Uposatha Pavran.

Nu c T-khu cho rng: nn sm hi sabhgpatti y, ri 2 v sm hi cngnhau. sm hi gi l sm hi chn chnh, c 2 T-khu y phm ti khciu hc nhau nh c gii trc. Cho nn phi sm hi cng nhau thm na.C 2 v y u trong sch. Ch T-khu khc nn sm hi vi 2 v y. T-khu

phm ti cha sm hi nghe gii bn hoc Pavran, th phm Tc c.


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- PHM BT CNG TR, TNG TN, KHNG NN SM HI- KHNG TI, KHNG NN SM HI- TI SM HI, KHNG NN SM HI NA- KHNG NN SM HI VI T-KHU KHNG NG NG NHAU- KHNG NN SM HI MT LT VI NHAU- KHNG NN SM HI TRONG TM- KHNG NN SM HI VI T-KHU M "TNG" PHT CMPHNG (KHNG CHO CHUNG), KHNG CHO LM "UPOSATHAPAVRAN" CHUNG

Li na, nhiu ti khc nhau, khng nn sm hi chung li 1 ti, phm 1 ti,sm hi nhiu ti gi l sm hi chn chnh.

Phm ti Bt cng tr ri hn tc theo php, gi l sm hi Bt cng tr.

--- o0o ---

Phn 04

GII V PHP U (DHUTANGAKATH)

Ting u - DHUTANGAKATHA ngha l: Chi [*] ca ngi dt phinno, hoc t cch c tr tun dt tr phin no, l iu kin v l s tu hnh ph hu nghch php. Ni tm tt l tc th tr chi y.

[*] Chi: l nguyn mt vt th chia r ra, Phn ng gi l Anga.

U C 13 PHP

1) Pamsukkanga: chi ca T-khu l ngi c phm cch, thng mc y ca-sac trng thi ng gm nh phn t.

2) Tecvariknga: chi ca T-khu l ngi ch thng mc tam y (y 2 lp, yvai tri v y ni).

3) Pindaptikanga: chi ca T-khu l ngi c phm cch, thng i khtthc.

4) Sapadnacrikanga: chi ca T-khu l ngi c phm cch i kht thctheo mi nh.


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5) Eksanikanga: chi ca T-khu l ngi c phm cch ch thng dng vtthc trong 1 ch ngi

6) Pattapindikanga: chi ca T-khu l ngi c phm cch ch thng dngvt thc trong 1 bt

7) Khalupacchbhattikanga: chi ca T-khu l ngi c phm cch khngdng vt thc m mnh ngn, sau ri mi c li

8) rannikanga: chi ca T-khu l ngi c phm cch thng tr ng trongrng.

9) Rukkhamlikanga: chi ca T-khu l ngi c phm cch tr ng gn cicy

10) Abbhoksikanga: chi ca T-khu l ngi c phm cch thng tr ngtrong ni khong trng.

11) Sosnikanga: chi ca T-khu l ngi c phm cch thng tr ng trongrng m a.

12) Yathsanthatikanga: chi ca T-khu l ngi c phm cch ch ng trongch m Tng cho u tin, khng di i.

13) Nesajjikanga: chi ca T-khu l ngi thng c phm cch ngn oai

nghi nm, ch ng v ngi.

---o0o---

GII V CCH TH TR U (Dhutangasamdnavidhndikath)

Khi c Th Tn cn ti th, phi i vi Ngi m th php u . Sau khiNgi nhp Nit bn ri phi th vi ch i Thinh vn. Sau khi khng cn chi Thinh vn, nn xin gi vi bc A la hn, A na hm, T hm, Tu

hn, vi bc thng hiu Tam tng hoc 2 tng, hoc 1 tng. Sau na nn xinvi bc hnh php u trc. Nu khng c, nn qut dn thp, cha chosch, ht lng thnh knh l bi cng dng nh th c Chnh Bin Tri cnti tin, ri ngi chm hm chp tay xin th, bng khng th th ni mnh cngc.

---o0o---


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I- CCH TH TR TRONG U THNG MC Y CA-SA NGGM NH PHM T(Pamasuklikanga)

C 2 cch th:

1) Ti xin ngn [*] y ca-sa m th ch dng cng (gahapati dnacvarampatikkhipmi).2) Ti xin th tr chi ca T-khu, l ngi c phm cch thng mc y ca-sang gm nh phn t (pamsuklikngam samdiymi).

[*] Ngn: ngha l khng dng n.

Trong 2 cch y mun th theo cch no tu .

Hnh gi khi th tr u ny ri, phi tm 1 trong 23 th vi, k di y,

kim th no cn chc, em v ct, may lm ca-sa, ri i b y m th ch dng cho mnh ang dng, mc y ng gm y.

23 th vi ng gm y l:

Vi b ni m m (sosnika).Vi b ni qun hng ch (panika).Vi d m k tn th mun b th em b gia ng i (rathiyacola).Vi d b ni ng rc (sankracola).Vi chi mnh d ri b (sotthiya).

Vi d m ngi bnh mc cho thy lm php tm ri b (nnacola).Vi b ti bn nc (titthacola).Vi d b t thi ri b (gatapaccgata).Vi b chy 1, 2 ch ri b (aggidaddha).Vi b d x ri b (gokhyita).Vi b mi n ri b (upacikkhyota).Vi b chut cn ri b (undrakhyita).Vi rch ba ri b (antacchinna).Vi rch bin ri b (dasacchinna).Vi lm c v phng ri b (dhajhata).

Vi rt gh ri b (thpacvara).Vi m Sa-mn b (samanacvara).Vi dng trong vic tn vng ri b (bhisokika).Vi ca T-khu Ehibhikkhu [1] cho (oddhimaya).Vi ri rt gia ng i (panthika) [2]Vi b gi thi bay, ch b (vthata).


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Vi ch thin em b th, b 1 ni no (devadattiya).Vi b sng bin ng tp vo b (smuddiya).

[1] Ehibhikkhu l T-khu khi Pht chng cho lm T-khu t nhin c y snmc (Thin lai T-khu).

[2] Vi nh th nn ch xem coi nu h thit b ri s lm.

Trong 23 th vi k trn, T-khu nguyn gi u ri, kim c vmay , th phi b y c (y mc lc cn cha hay l ca th ch dng cng).

Khng php dng y ca th ch dng n tay,nu T-khu vi nhau cho thmc c.

T-khu gi u ny c 3 bc:

- Bc thng: Ch mc tam y lm bng vi d lm ni m a.- Bc trung: Lm bng vi d ca ngi b.- Bc h: Mc tam y lm bng vi d ca th c lm phc, em gn b gn

bn chn

Ba bc T-khu ny nu th lnh y ni tay th ch dng cng, gi l ph phpu m mnh nguyn gi.

Cho nn chng phi ch c u ny u, u l 12 u s gii ra phasau, nu T-khu nguyn gi ri m ph h, nhng c hnh na, cn phi

th mi li.

u ny c 12 qu bu.

1. Nissaanurpapatipattisabbhvo: ngi c t cch hnh va theo phpnng [1] m v ho thng dy bo khi mi th c tc gii.2. Pathame ariyavamse patitthnam: t cch trong vng thnh th nht. [2]3. rakkhadukkhbhvo: khng c kh v s gn gi y.4. Aparvattavuttit: khng c s quyn luyn v k khc.5. Corabhayana abhayat: khng lo s v k cp.

6. Paribhogatanhya abhvo: khng ham mun trong s th dng.7. Samanasrupparikkhrat: ngi c vt ph tng va theo phn Sa-mn.8. Bhagavata samvannitapaccayat: ngi c vt dng m c Th Tn khenngi.9. Psdikat: ngi em c tin n k khc.10. Appicchat dnam phalanipphatti: t cch thnh tu cc th qu, nht lkhng tham hoc t tham.


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11. Sammpatipattiy anubrhanam: t cch lm cho chnh o c tngtrng.12. Pacchimya janatya ditthnuggati pdanam: t cch lm m phm cho khu lai.

[1] c gii ni "truyn c tc gii"[2] vng thnh c 4 tri tc trong casa, tri tc trong kht thc, tri tc trong ch, tri tc trong thuc men.

---o0o---

KT LUN TRONG U MC TAM Y NG GM

Mrasenam vightya pamsukladharo yatisannadhakavaco yudhekhattiyoviyasobhati pahya ksikdini varavatthni dhritam yam lokagarun ko tam

pamsukulam na dhraye tasm hiattano bhikkhu patinnam samanussaramyogcrnuklamhi pamsukule rato siuy

Ngha l: "Bc vng mang thit gip bn chc trong ni chin trng thno, hnh gi l ngi hnh u mc tam y ng gm, bn chc trong tcch st nhn hi qun ma cng nh th y".

c Th Tn l t s ca chng sanh trong tam gii m ngi cng b cc yng qu gi, nht l y x Ksi, tr li mc y phc qu gi, nht l c xKsi, tr li mc y ng nhm gm. Vy T-khu no dm khng mc y ca-sa

ng gm y c. Cho nn khi hnh gi khi nh n li nguyn ca mnhnn a thch trong y ca-sa ng gm, va theo s tinh tn.

---o0o---

II- CCH TH TR TRONG U CH MC TAM Y (Tecvarikanga)

Trong u ny cng c 2 cch th:

1) Ti xin ngn y th 4 (catutthaka cvarampatikkhipmi).

2) Ti xin th tr chi ca T-khu, ngi ch dng tam y (tecvarikangamsamdiymi).

Trong 2 cch y mun th theo cch no ty . T-khu hnh u ny, khi th tr nu c vi lm y (ngoi tam y c) m cha lm xong hoc cnthiu vi, thiu kim, ch, c php ct gi vi y khng c ti trong s a


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thch y th t, v nguyn nhn ct gi vi y. Nhng khi nhum ri, khngnn dnh. Nu cn tch tr, gi l k cp ln v phn u .

T-khu gia u ny c 3 bc.

- Bc thng: trong khi nhum y, nu nhum y ni trc th mc y vai tri, yni kh, ly mc vo ri nhum y khc. Mun nhum y ni v y vai tri mtlt cng c, nhng phi ngi gn ch phi y, nh c k ngoi i n, nnly mc vo, chng nn thn trn trung v mc y 2 lp.

- Bc trung: nu mun nhum y 1 lt, th c php mc y ni nhnhum.

- Bc h: trong khi nhum y, c php mc y ca v khc (trong bn) hocdng ngo y cng c.

Ba bc T-khu ny, nu dng n t y, gi l ph php u m mnh nguyn gi [*].

[*] c php dng y lt m hi b ngang 1 gang, b di 3 hc.

Php u ny c 11 qu bo:

1. Santuttho: c gi l ngi c tri tc trong s y va mc.2. Samdyevagamanam: t cch ch c tam y thi, dng nh loi chim [1]

(bay n ni no ch c cp cnh).3. Appasamrambhat: ngi t bn vic g lo khi hong phi hoc xp ct ccy d.4. Vatthasannidhiparivajjanam: t cch tu hnh, khng c s gom thu dnhy.5. Sallahuka vuttit: ngi hnh vi nh nhng mau mn.6. Atirekacvaralolupappahnam: t cch dt b s dt b xu sa thi ho trongy d.7. Kappiyemattakrit: trng thi c tip trong y va ( dng) [2].8. Sallekhavuttit: ngi tu hnh lm cho phin no tr nn nh nhng.

9. Appicchapdnam phalanipphatti: t cch thnh tu cc th qu, nht lkhng tham hoc t tham.10. Sammpatipattia anubrhanam: t cch lm cho chnh o c tngtrng.11. Pacchimia janatya ditthanugavapdanam: t cch lm m phm cho khu lai.


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[1] Loi chim bay n u, ch c cp cnh va h thn, khng cht chavt chi theo c.[2] Du c Chnh Bin tri cho php dng cc th y nh ta c, T-khu ycng ch vui thch trong tam y thi

y l 11 qu bo trong u ch mc

tu thanh tinh gioi - ht ho tong

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