122.In his seminal work An Inquiry into the Wealth of Nations, Adam Smith recognized the

value of business processes and division of labor while studying factories manufacturing

what objects?

Pins

The Pin Factory is now memorialized in the background of the face of the British 20 pound

note.

(Acknowledgement)

123.One of the most iconic billboards of all time came about through Araldite's 1980s

London ad-campaign that saw a tagline "It also sticks handles to teapots" placed under

what object?

Car! (more specifically a yellow Ford Cortina)

(Acknowledgement)

124.In a slogan that became popular in Costa Rica, it is claimed that which advertising

character prefers that country's coffee implying his preference over Colombian coffee?

Juan Valdez

He is a fictional character who has appeared in advertisements for the National Federation

of Coffee Growers of Colombia since 1958, representing a Colombian coffee farmer. The

slogan was the subject of a lawsuit in 2006.

(Acknowledgement)

125.The name of American businessman and ex-CEO of Union Carbide Warren Anderson

who died in Sep, 2014 is associated with the industrial disaster of which city?

Bhopal

Thousands of people died and thousands more were injured when gas leaked from an

industrial plant. Anderson was charged but never faced a court.

(Acknowledgement)

126.In his book Spring Forward: The Annual Madness of Daylight Saving Time, author

Michael Downing writes about how the American retail industry lobbied to move the

daylight savings switch from late October to early November.

He highlights the role of merchants selling what items as those who lobbied the most with

a clear vested interest regarding a particular day?

Candy (Halloween)

Apparently, candy retailers wanted this so badly that in 1986 they lobbied to extend DST

into the beginning of November by putting candy pumpkins on the seat of every senator,

according to a press release from the Department of Transportation. The candy industry

disputed this account. It is to enable an extra hour of daylight for children to collect even

more candy while trick-or-treating, thus forcing people to purchase more sweets to meet

demand. 

(Acknowledgement)

127.What publication started in 1900 by two tire manufacturers evolved into its current-

day version after its originators realized the popularity of a section not related to

tires/autos and whose integrity is preserved to this day by anonymous

inspectors/reviewers?

Michelin Guide (to restaurants)

The term normally refers to the Michelin Red Guide, the oldest and best-known European

hotel and restaurant reference guide, which awards Michelin stars for excellence to a

select few establishments. 

(Acknowledgement)

128.Who is the Italian statistician who published a 1912 paper on the income distribution

of a nation's citizens and who has now given his name to a measurement of inequality?

(Corrado) Gini

A high Gini coefficient indicates high inequality. The countries in Africa had the highest

pre-tax Gini coefficients in 2008–2009, with South Africa the world's highest, variously

estimated to be between 0.63 to 0.7.

(Acknowledgement)

129.In his 1999 book The Lexus and the Olive Tree, in what came to be known as the

Golden Arches theory, Thomas L. Friedman wrote that no two nations with a McDonald's

franchise had ever gone to war.

He upgraded this theory in The World is Flat taking the name of what technology company

to further underscore the link between strong economic ties and peace?

Dell

The so-called "Dell Theory of Conflict Prevention" says that people or nations don't just

want to have a better standard of living as symbolized by McDonald's franchise in their

downtown, but want to have the lump of the labor sector that is created by globalization. 

(Acknowledgement)

130.The fountain ink pen introduced by Parker in 1941 that achieved legendary status has

what number in its name?

51

Development of the Parker "51" was completed in 1939, the 51st anniversary of the Parker

Pen Company, thus its name. In a poll by the Illinois Institute of Technology, it was voted

the fourth best industrial design of the twentieth century. 

(Acknowledgement)

131.Accepting what pesky appendage to the name of a certain collaboration did a British

minister say in 1967 that it stood for "Excellence, England, Europe and Entente Cordiale"?

The 'e' of Concorde

However, the "E stands for England" theory further ruffled some feathers, because �Scotland soon pointed out that Concorde's nose cone was made in Scotland. Benn replied,

"It was also for Ecosse (French for "Scotland)." "Concorde" is the French spelling, but U.K. �Prime Minister Harold Macmillan got in an argument with Charles de Gaulle and officially

had the "e" yanked to spite him.�(Acknowledgement)

132.The firm Sterling Cooper featured in the hit TV series Mad Men is located in what part

of New York?

Madison Avenue

According to "The Emergence of Advertising in America" by the year 1861 there were

twenty advertising agencies in New York City, and in 1911, the New York City Association

of Advertising Agencies was founded. In recent decades, many agencies have left Madison

Avenue, with some moving further downtown and others moving west.

(Acknowledgement)

133.The three stripes in the logo of what sportswear manufacturer represent mountains,

as a metaphor for challenges?

Adidas

The 3 striped Adidas logo was created by Adi Dassler, founder of Adidas. 

(Acknowledgement)

134.From 1983-93, what was 'positively' the defacto national car of Malaysia?

Proton

The name is a Malay acronym for Perusahaan Otomobil Nasional Sendirian Berhad

(National Automobile Company Private Limited).

(Acknowledgement)

135.What famous 3-word ad line of an apparel company was coined by Dan Wieden who

got it from the final words of executed murderer Gary Gilmore?

"Just Do It" (Nike)

Dan Wieden co-founded the ad agency Wieden+Kennedy with David Kennedy.

(Acknowledgement)

136.US Secretary of Defense Charles Wilson is known for saying that what's good for which

company is also good for his country?

General Motors

During a hearings, when asked if he could make a decision as Secretary of Defense that

would be adverse to the interests of General Motors (as he served with the company

previously), Wilson answered affirmatively. 

(Acknowledgement)

137.The Glock gun is a noted export of what country?

Austria

138.In the world of business, what is the significance of this ordered list?

Canada, Saudi Arabia, Mexico, Venezuela, Kuwait, Colombia, ...

Largest suppliers of oil to the United States

(Acknowledgement)

139.An unidentified Satoshi Nakamoto is credited with what concept that has taken the

financial world by storm?

Bitcoin

Users send payments by broadcasting digitally signed messages that transfer ownership of

bitcoins, the unit of currency.

(Acknowledgement)

140.Unimate which worked in a General Motors assembly line in 1961 has what distinction

in the world of business?

First industrial robot

The machine undertook the job of transporting die castings from an assembly line and

welding these parts on auto bodies. It also appeared on The Tonight Show hosted by

Johnny Carson on which it knocked a golf ball into a cup, poured a beer, waved the

orchestra conductor's baton and grasped an accordion and waved it around.

(Acknowledgement)

141.Structures called yakhchals in Persia may be called the ancient versions of what

modern contraption?

Refrigerator

Above ground, the structure had a domed shape, but had a subterranean storage space; it

was often used to store ice, but sometimes was used to store food as well. By 400 BCE,

Persian engineers had mastered the technique of storing ice in the middle of summer in

the desert. 

(Acknowledgement)

142.During a 20-year period in the second half of the 20th century, what giant of the

hospitality industry featured the Great Sign on road sides?

Holiday Inn

The signs were extremely large and eye-catching, but were expensive to construct and

operate.

143.When engineer Percy Spencer discovered that his chocolate bar became a mess when

near a magnetron, it lead to the invention of what modern convenience?

Microwave

His employer was Raytheon that transformed the invention into a model called Radarange.

(Acknowledgement)

144.Every year television production houses in the Middle East create 30-episode

miniseries targeting prime-time viewership keeping what in mind?

Ramadan

The festival season is also a keenly anticipated, prime-time TV season. 

(Acknowledgement)

145.The 2012 BBC list of world's largest employers (which includes public, private, and

government entities) is topped by what?

United States Department of Defense

With 3.2 million people. Followed by People's Liberation Army of China (2.3 million) and

Walmart (2.1 million).

(Acknowledgement)

146.The automobile SEAT 600 made from 1957 to 1973 is associated with the economic

boom of what country?

Spain

It helped to start the economic boom, the Spanish Miracle (1959-1973), that came at the

end of the slow recovery from the Spanish Civil War. The vehicle has become an icon of

the period. 

(Acknowledgement)

147.The idea for what company originated when Reed Hastings paid $40 in fine for

returningApollo 13 well past its due date?

Netflix

148.What fairy-tale phrase was coined in 1964 when London politicians blamed secretive

Swiss bankers for increased speculation against the pound?

Gnomes of Zürich

149.What municipality in Switzerland, also the highest city in Europe, is the annual host of

the World Economic Forum (WEF) meet?

Davos

The meeting brings together some 2,500 top business leaders, international political

leaders, selected intellectuals and journalists to discuss the most pressing issues facing

the world, including health and the environment.

(Acknowledgement)

150.In the year 1636 during the Dutch Golden Age, what unlikely item became the fourth

leading export after gin, herring and cheese causing a journalist to write a

book Extraordinary Popular Delusions and the Madness of Crowds?

Tulip bulb

Tulip mania or tulipomania was a period in the Dutch Golden Age during which contract

prices for bulbs of the recently introduced tulip reached extraordinarily high levels and

then suddenly collapsed.

(Acknowledgement)

151.When 'National No-Bra Day' was observed in the United States in 2011, which

company tweeted that it was in denial?

Victoria's Secret

152.Uniting anti-globalization protesters worldwide in 2000, what Bolivian city was rocked

by riots in response to the privatization of the city's municipal water supply?

Cochabamba

153.The name of what entertainment business has its origin in that Texas, in its roller-

coaster history, was governed by half a dozen entities?

Six Flags

The company was founded in Texas and took its name from its first property, Six Flags

Over Texas. The story goes that the builder originally intended to name the park 'Texas

under Six Flags', until his wife objected stating that "Texas isn't under anything." Six Flags

Entertainment Corp. is the world's largest amusement park corporation based on quantity

of properties, and the fifth most popular in terms of attendance. The six entities are Spain,

France, Mexico, the Republic of Texas, the United States of America, and the Confederate

States of America.

(Acknowledgement)

154.The ruins of a large complex of shops near the Colosseum that have been called the

world's oldest shopping mall is named for what Roman emperor?

Trajan

Trajan's Market was probably built in 100-110 AD by Apollodorus of Damascus. The

arcades in Trajan's Market are now believed by many to be administrative offices for

Emperor Trajan. The shops and apartments were built in a multi-level structure, and it is

still possible to visit several of the levels.

(Acknowledgement)

155.Upset by FAA regulations, in 1993 William Walts and George Richardson started an

airline for passengers who could do what?

Smoke

Smokers Express was a Florida-based company that would have provided smoking flights

to destinations within the United States. The company never received enough funding to

begin operations.

(Acknowledgement)

156.What is the key feature of Amazon's technology service called 'Amazon Mechanical

Turk' that takes its name from a chess playing automation of the 18th century?

Real people do the work

'The Turk' was a chess-playing automaton of the 18th century, which was made by

Wolfgang von Kempelen. It toured Europe, beating the likes of Napoleon Bonaparte and

Benjamin Franklin. It was later revealed that this 'machine' was not an automaton at all,

but was in fact a chess master hidden in a special compartment controlling its operations.

Likewise, the Mechanical Turk web service allows humans to help the machines of today

perform tasks for which they are not suited.

(Acknowledgement)

157.What giant corporation headquartered in Vevey, Switzerland was listed as the world's

most profitable in 2011 by Fortune?

Nestlé

With brands like Nespresso, Nescafé, KitKat, Smarties, Nesquik, Stouffer's, Vittel, and

Maggi, it is the largest food company in the world measured by revenues.

158.Name the icon from the clues.

1. It's nickname comes from a slang term used to describe a reliable servant.

2. Designed by Childe Harold Wills, Joseph A. Galamb and Eugene Farkas.

3. Available in black only from 1914; till then grey was for town ones and red for touring

ones.

Ford Model T

The Model T was called the 'Tin Lizzie' because of the dependability of the vehicle.

159.In June 2012, Coca-Cola announced plans to commence operations in Burma/Myanmar

after a gap of 60 years leaving what two countries as the only places where it does not do

business?

Cuba and North Korea

(Acknowledgement)

160.In economics, the Hoover index is equal to the portion of the total community income

that would have to be redistributed for there to be perfect equality. It is also called as what

after a popular character of folklore?

Robin Hood index

It is conceptually one of the simplest inequality index used in econometrics. A better

known inequality measure is the Gini coefficient.

(Acknowledgement)

161.When this pastime was designed in 2009, its designers felt that the attackers needed

an enemy and decided upon one based on the swine flu epidemic that was in the news.

What pastime?

Angry Birds

162.What 1970s Ford model attracted controversy concerning the safety of its gas tanks

and was spoofed in the film Top Secret in which gently tapping the rear bumper of the car

causes it to explode?

Pinto

Controversy followed the Pinto after 1977 allegations that the Pinto's structural design

allowed the fuel tank to be punctured in a rear-end collision, resulting in deadly fires from

spilled fuel. According to a 1977 Mother Jones article, Ford allegedly was aware of the

design flaw, refused to pay for a redesign, and decided it would be cheaper to pay off

possible lawsuits for resulting deaths. 

(Acknowledgement)

163.What generic name for any project for radical innovation was first used at Lockheed

Martin and can be traced to the comic strip Li'l Abner in which it is the job that no one

wants?

Skunkworks project

A skunkworks project often operates with a high degree of autonomy and unhampered by

bureaucracy, tasked with working on advanced or secret projects. The distinctive name

originated during WWII when the P-80 Shooting Star was designed by Lockheed's

Advanced Development Projects Division in Burbank, California. 

(Acknowledgement)

164.The logo of what company has recently been named after the NBA legend Larry Bird?

The answer is less than 140 characters!

Twitter

165.What company that was the fourth most valuable brand in the world after Disney,

Coca-Cola and Microsoft as recently as fifteen years ago filed for bankruptcy in January

2012 having failed to adapt to the digital age?

Kodak

During most of the 20th century Kodak held a dominant position in photographic film, and

in 1976 had a 90% market share of photographic film sales in the United States. Beginning

in the late 1990s, Kodak struggled financially as a result of the decline in sales of

photographic film, and 2007 was the most recent year in which the company made a

profit.

(Acknowledgement)

166.On a hunting trip in the Alps in 1941, George de Mestral was intrigued by burdock

burrs (seeds) that kept sticking to his clothes and his dog's fur. After subsequent

observations and trials, what did he invent?

Velcro

It is a portmanteau of the two French words velours ('velvet'), and crochet ('hook').

167.Because Ivory soap is one of its oldest and most famous products, the factory of which

company located in St. Bernard, Ohio is called 'Ivorydale'?

Proctor and Gamble (P&G)

168.Created by a Canadian Nobel laureate, a Vickrey auction is one where bidders submit

secret written bids and in which the highest bidder wins, but the price paid is that of what?

Second-highest bid

It gives bidders an incentive to bid their true value but they are not particularly common in

practice. One market in which they have been used is stamp collecting. eBay's system of

proxy bidding is similar, but not identical, to a Vickrey auction. A slight generalized variant

of a Vickrey auction, named generalized second-price auction, which is different from the

VCG mechanism, is known to be used in Google's and Yahoo!'s online advertisement

programmes.

(Acknowledgement)

169.The executive Malcolm T. Stamper is best known for leading 50,000 people in a huge

plant at Everett, Washington in the 1960s for the construction of what engineering marvel?

Boeing 747

This was a monumental engineering and management challenge, and included

construction of the world's biggest factory, a plant which is the size of 40 football fields.

(Acknowledgement)

170.What 'enchanting' term informally describes the five leading UK-headquartered law

firms?

Magic Circle

The main competitors of the Magic Circle are often referred to as the 'Silver Circle.'

171."We are one!" said the nations, and hand met hand, in a thrill electric from land to

land.

These words are from a 1872 poem called The Victory that was a tribute to which

American pioneer who died that year?

Samuel Morse (1791-1872)

If you said Graham Bell, it is a good guess but his patent wasn't filed until 1876. Bell died

in 1922.

172.What popular brand of antiseptic connected with personal hygiene is named after the

British surgeon who pioneered the idea of sterile surgery?

Listerine (from Joseph Lister)

Listerine is one of the most popular mouthwashes sold in the United States.

173.The name of what popular sneaker brand introduced by U.S. Rubber in 1916 is a play

on a synonym for children and the Latin root for foot?

Keds (kids + ped)

174.If Manhattan is the financial hub of New York, the area of Pudong is the similar

equivalent for which city?

Shanghai

(Acknowledgement)

175.In 2009, Warner Bros. created a website called red2blu.com for customers interested

in what type of swap?

HD DVD to Blu-ray

In February 2008, after a high stakes format war with Blu-ray, Toshiba abandoned the HD

DVD format.

176.What giant that operates as Asda in the United Kingdom, Seiyu in Japan and Best Price

in India is also the biggest private employer in the world?

Walmart

177.Since the 1960s, what advertising objects come in three models called GZ-19, GZ-

20 and GZ-22?

Goodyear blimps

The GZ stands for Goodyear-Zeppelin, stemming from the partnership Goodyear had with

the German company when both were building airships together. Goodyear began

producing airship envelopes in 1911 and introduced its own blimp, The Pilgrim, in 1925.

Goodyear confirmed in 2011 that they will reinstate their long lost partnership with

Zeppelin with new models. 

(Acknowledgement)

178.Founded in 1946 by Georges Doriot, the firm American Research and Development

Corporation (ARDC) is credited with pioneering what concept in the world of business?

Venture capital (VC)

ARDC is credited with the first major venture capital success story when its 1957

investment in Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) yielded great returns in 1966. For his

role in the founding of ARDC, Doriot is often referred to as the 'father of venture

capitalism.'

(Acknowledgement)

179.Fill in the missing words in these iconic advertising lines which were famous in the

1950s and 1960s.

I dreamed I went shopping in my ___ ___

I dreamed I was way out in my ___ ___

I dreamed I played Cleopatra in my ___ ___

I dreamed I had a swinging time in my ___ ___

Maidenform bra

The campaign ran for 20 years and made the product known round the world.

180.In economics, what type of commodity is a Giffen good which violates a cardinal law?

Something that people consume more of when its price increases, violating the

law of demand.

Giffen goods are named after Scottish economist Sir Robert Giffen, who was attributed as

the author of this idea by Alfred Marshall in his book Principles of Economics. The classic

example given by Marshall is of inferior quality staple foods, whose demand is driven by

poverty that makes their purchasers unable to afford superior foodstuffs. As the price of

the cheap staple rises, they can no longer afford to supplement their diet with better

foods, and must consume more of the staple food.

(Acknowledgement)

181.What type of 'helpful' businesses operate on the basis of the Rochdale Principles that

were formulated in 1844?

Co-operatives

The implications of the Rochdale Principles are a focus of study in co-operative economics.

(Acknowledgement)

182.What product that makes unpacking fun was invented by sealing two shower curtains

together by two engineers who intended it as wallpaper?

Bubble Wrap

When the product turned out to be unsuccessful as wallpaper, it was marketed as

greenhouse insulation. Although Bubble Wrap was branded by Sealed Air Corporation in

1960, it was not until a few years later that its use in protective packaging was discovered.

(Acknowledgement)

183.Which company added a soundless digital clock to its new model in 1980 to do

something about 'the clock' in its legendary selling line "At 60 miles an hour the loudest

noise in this new ___-___ comes from the electric clock"?

Rolls-Royce

David Ogilvy, regarded as the 'Father of Advertising' coined the line in 1958. The company

added a soundless digital clock to its Silver Spirit model in 1980.

184.The discovery of Metallica's song "I Disappear" on a file sharing network in 2000

started a chain of events that led to the demise of the original incarnation of what

company?

Napster

This was the discovery that helped bring the illegal sharing of mp3 files to the spotlight.

185.Arthur's Day refers to events first organised in 2009 to celebrate the 250th

anniversary of what brewing company, the name Arthur being the first name of the

founder?

Guinness

186.What product invented by Frederick Walton in 1864 became so widely used and

'stepped on' that the name became generic just 14 years after its invention?

Linoleum

Linoleum is considered the first product to become a generic term.

187.In 2010, which company reportedly bought the domain name of a farm bureau for

$8.5 million, clearly interested in the F and the B?

Facebook

It was from the American Farm Bureau Federation and the domain name was fb.com.

188.What are 'Gold Panda' in China, 'Maple Leaf' in Canada, 'Philharmoniker' in Austria,

'Tower of David' in Israel, 'George the Victorious' in Russia and 'Sovereign' in UK?

Gold bullion coins

A bullion coin is a coin struck from precious metal and kept as a store of value or an

investment, rather than used in day-to-day commerce. Bullion coins are usually available

in gold and silver, with the exception of the Krugerrand and the Swiss Vreneli which are

only available in gold. The American Eagle series is available in gold, silver and platinum,

and the Canadian Maple Leaf series is available in gold, silver, platinum and also

palladium.

(Acknowledgement)

189.As of January 2010, Amazon.com is America's largest online retailer. Which company

that deals with office supplies is the runner-up?

Staples Inc.

190.Which American tycoon and publisher of a magazine was known for his lavish life-style

that included a collection of special shape hot air balloons?

Malcolm Forbes

191.What is the name of the oil rig that sank and caused the largest offshore oil spill in US

history and gave BP a bad rep in 2010?

Deepwater Horizon

192.Which dot-com company that had its heyday in the 90s is credited with the

development of the Secure Sockets Layer Protocol for secure online communication as well

as with JavaScript?

Netscape

Netscape's web browser was once dominant in terms of usage share, but lost most of that

share to Internet Explorer during the first browser war. By the end of 2006, the usage

share of Netscape browsers had fallen, from over 90% in the mid 1990s, to less than 1%.

The name Netscape was a trademark of Cisco Systems, that was granted to the company.

(Acknowledgement)

193.Which company/product connected with transportation is associated with the

immensely successful 'Think Small' ad campaign?

Volkswagen

The 1960s ads by Doyle Dane Bernbach had the challenge of selling a compact, strange-

looking automobile to Americans obsessed with muscle cars, which reflected the country's

new superpower status. 

(Acknowledgement)

194.Named for a Greek muse and currently given by the Nielsen Company, what are the

awards given to reward creative excellence in advertising and design?

Clio Awards

They are awarded in a number of fields, including: TV, Print, Outdoor, Radio, Integrated

Campaign, Innovative Media, Design, Internet, Content & Contact, and Student work.

195.If you have to name one person associated with the Bangladeshi micro-financing

institution 'Grameen Bank', who would it be?

Nobel Peace Prize winner Muhammed Yunus

The word "Grameen" is derived from the word "gram" and means "rural" or "village" in

Bangla language. The system of this bank is based on the idea that the poor have skills

that are under-utilized.

196.Which 20th century industrialist known as the father of modern American shipbuilding

is also known for organizing a 'permanente' health care system for his workers and their

families?

Henry J. Kaiser (1882-1967)

Among the projects he constructed or helped construct: the Los Angeles Aqueduct; the

Oakland-San Francisco Bay Bridge; and the Hoover, Parker, Shasta and Grand Coulee

dams. The inexpensive, quick-to-produce "Liberty Ships" built at his shipyards helped win

World War II. But perhaps his greatest feat was providing his workers with health care

coverage. Kaiser saw his prepaid health coverage plan as a way to temper labor unrest

and leave the government out of the process, while bettering humanity.

(Acknowledgement)

197.The town of Bretton Woods in the US was the site of the UN Monetary and Financial

Conference in 1944 that led to the establishment of which two seminal world institutions in

the subsequent year?

World Bank and IMF

As a result of the conference, the Bretton Woods system of exchange rate management

was set up, which remained in place until the early 1970s.

198.Red Barn, now a historic site in the US, was the original manufacturing site of which

company?

Boeing

Built in 1909, it is the oldest airplane-manufacturing facility in the nation and is now part

of the Museum of Flight in Seattle.

199.The name of which company was initially proposed as 'Pequod' but the idea was

retracted when someone said "No one's going to drink a cup of Pee-quod!"?

Starbucks

The company is named in part after Starbuck, Captain Ahab's first mate in the novel Moby-

Dick, as well as a turn-of-the-century mining camp (Starbo or Storbo) on Mount

Rainier.Pequod is the main ship in the novel.

200.The 19th century American businessman Aaron Montgomery Ward is credited with the

invention of what type of business that would have made the postal service happy?

Mail order business

Although his idea was generally considered to border on lunacy and his first inventory was

destroyed by the Great Chicago Fire, Ward persevered. In August 1872, with two fellow

employees and a total capital of $1,600, he formed Montgomery Ward & Company. He

rented a small shipping room on North Clark Street and published the world's first general

merchandise mail-order catalog with 163 products listed. Ward's catalog soon was copied

by other enterprising merchants, most notably Richard Warren Sears, who mailed his first

general catalog in 1896.

(Acknowledgement)

201.Which 400-year-old German dynasty from Essen is known for the industrial production

of steel and armaments and has been known as the 'Arsenal of the Reich'?

Krupp family

202.The 0 scale (or 0 gauge) is a scale commonly used for what type of hobby that is

associated with the company Lionel?

Toy trains (model railroading)

Lionel, LLC is a designer and importer of toy trains and model railroads, based in

Chesterfield Township, Michigan. Its roots lie in the 1969 purchase of the Lionel product

line by cereal conglomerate General Mills. According to its reorganization papers filed as

part of its bankruptcy plan on May 21, 2007, about 95 percent of the company's sales

come from O gauge trains. The plan estimated that about $70 million worth of O gauge

trains are sold each year, and that Lionel accounts for about 60% of that market, making it

the largest manufacturer of O gauge trains.

(Acknowledgement)

203.Which economic theory that was the dominant school of thought throughout the early

modern period holds that the prosperity of a nation is dependent upon its supply of capital

and that the global volume of international trade is unchangeable?

Mercantilism

Economic assets or capital, are represented by bullion (gold, silver, and trade value) held

by the state, which is best increased through a positive balance of trade with other nations

(exports minus imports) and assumes wealth and monetary assets are identical.

Mercantilism suggests that the ruling government should advance these goals by playing a

protectionist role in the economy; by encouraging exports and discouraging imports,

notably through the use of tariffs and subsidies.

(Acknowledgement)

204.Which influential author of Economics: An Introductory Analysis, the largest-selling

economics textbook of all time is also the first American to win the Nobel Prize for

Economics?

Paul Samuelson

Economic historian Randall E. Parker calls him the "Father of Modern Economics", and The

New York Times considered him to be the "foremost academic economist of the 20th

century."

(Acknowledgement)

205.In the world of business, what phrase describes the process of a product becoming

non-functional after a certain period or amount of use in a way that is designed by the

manufacturer?

Planned obsolescence

It has potential benefits for a producer because the product fails and the consumer is

under pressure to purchase again, whether from the same manufacturer (a replacement

part or a newer model), or from a competitor which might also rely on planned

obsolescence. Planned obsolescence was first developed in the 1920s and 1930s when

mass production had opened every minute aspect of the production process to exacting

analysis. 

(Acknowledgement)

206.From the Arabic for 'to make known', what is the correct term for a duty imposed on

foreign goods?

Tariff

207.In the US, Keogh Plans are full-fledged pension plans for small businesses and what

other type of people?

Self-employed

Named for U.S. Representative Eugene James Keogh of New York, they are sometimes

called HR10 plans. IRS Publication 560 refers to them as "Qualified Plans," although Keogh

Plan is understood by all. They are different from Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs). 

(Acknowledgement)

208.In 1984, while filming a commercial for which company did Michael Jackson suffer

second degree burns after pyrotechnics set his hair on fire?

Pepsi Cola

Happening in front of a full house of fans during a simulated concert, the incident was the

subject of heavy media scrutiny and elicited an outpouring of sympathy. PepsiCo settled a

lawsuit out of court, and Jackson gave his $1.5 million settlement to the Brotman Medical

Center in Culver City, California, where he had been treated, allowing the hospital to

acquire the best available technology for treating severe burns; Brotman subsequently

renamed its burn ward "Michael Jackson Burn Center" in his honor.

(Acknowledgement)

209.After a Korean Air Lines flight was shot down after straying into the USSR's prohibited

airspace in 1983, President Reagan issued a directive making what technology available

for civilian use?

GPS (Global Positioning System)

Developed by the United States Department of Defense, it uses a constellation of between

24 and 32 Medium Earth Orbit satellites that transmit precise microwave signals, which

enable GPS receivers to determine their current location, the time, and their velocity. Its

official name is NAVSTAR GPS.

210.George Bailey, the character portrayed by James Stewart in It's a Wonderful Life is

loosely based upon which banker who was the founder of Bank of America?

Amadeo Giannini (1870-1949)

Giannini is credited as the inventor of many modern banking practices. Most notably,

Giannini was one of the first bankers to offer banking services to middle-class Americans,

rather than simply the upper class.

211.The name of what popular ice cream was named from two made-up words that were

meant to look Scandinavian to American eyes?

Häagen-Dazs

It was established by Reuben and Rose Mattus in The Bronx, New York in 1959. The letter

combinations 'äa' and 'zs' are impossible in all Scandinavian languages.

212.What is the name given to the fraudulent operation that involves paying abnormally

high returns to investors out of the money paid in by subsequent investors rather than

from revenues generated by any business?

Ponzi scheme

The system is doomed to collapse because there are little or no underlying earnings from

the money received by the promoter. The scheme is named after Charles Ponzi, who

became notorious for using the technique after emigrating from Italy to the United States

in 1903. Ponzi was not the first to invent such a scheme, but his operation took in so much

money that it was the first to become known throughout the United States. 

(Acknowledgement)

213.Appropriately, which company's NYSE symbol is 'BID'?

Sotheby's

Founded in 1744, it is the world's oldest international auction house in continuous

operation.

214.Which company whose name means 'light from the gods' is the world's largest

producer of guided missiles?

Raytheon

215.Which legal term describes a brand name that has become synonymous with a

particular class of products and whose examples include Scotch Tape, Frisbee, Xerox and

Band-Aid?

Generic trademark

The term is legally significant in that unless a company works sufficiently to prevent such

broad use of its trademark, its intellectual property rights in the trademark may be lost. A

trademark typically becomes "genericized" when the products or services with which it is

associated have acquired substantial market dominance or mind share.

(Acknowledgement)

216.In 1984, Gillette reportedly offered members of which rock band $1 million each in an

unsuccessful attempt to get them to shave their beards for a television commercial?

Billy Gibbons and Dusty Hill of ZZ Top

Gibbons and Hill are always pictured wearing sunglasses (a nod to their 1979 song "Cheap

Sunglasses"), similar if not matching clothing, and their trademark chest-length beards.

The other member, Frank Beard sports a mustache, but rarely a beard.

217.What is the largest single-site employer in the US with more than 66,000 employees, a

manifold increase from the 5,500 it employed when it opened in 1971?

Walt Disney World Resort

Today it employs more than 61,000, spending more than $1.1 billion on payroll and $478

million on benefits each year.

(Acknowledgement)

218.The children's literature section of the publisher Penguin Books works under what

name?

Puffin Books

Since the 1960s it has been the largest publisher of children's books in the UK and much of

the English-speaking world.

(Acknowledgement)

219.The American inventor Douglas Engelbart is best known for inventing which

ubiquitous 'clicking' device?

Computer mouse

In 1967, Engelbart applied for, and in 1970 he received a patent for the wooden shell with

two metal wheels, describing it in the patent application as an "X-Y position indicator for a

display system." Engelbart later revealed that it was nicknamed the "mouse" because the

tail came out the end. His group also called the on-screen cursor a "bug," but this term

was not widely adopted. He never received any royalties for his mouse invention, partly

because his patent expired in 1987, before the personal computer revolution made the

mouse an indispensable input device, and also because subsequent mice used different

mechanisms that did not infringe upon the original patent. During an interview, he says

"SRI patented the mouse, but they really had no idea of its value. Some years later I

learned that they had licensed it to Apple for something like $40,000." 

(Acknowledgement)

220.What is the title of the landmark television commercial that launched the Apple

Macintosh in the US in January 1984?

1984

The commercial aired on January 22, 1984 during a break in the third quarter of Super

Bowl XVIII. The ad showed an unnamed heroine (played by Anya Major) wearing red

shorts, red running shoes, and a white tank top with a Picasso-style picture of Apple's

Macintosh computer, running through an Orwellian world to throw a sledgehammer at a TV

image of Big Brother - an implied representation of IBM - played by David Graham. This

was followed by an on-screen message and accompanying voice over by actor Edward

Grover: "On January 24th, Apple Computer will introduce Macintosh. And you'll see why

1984 won't be like 1984." At the end, the Apple "rainbow bitten apple" logo is shown on a

black background. 

(Acknowledgement)

221.Which company was responsible for the Bhopal disaster in 1984 that is frequently

cited as the world's worst industrial disaster?

Union Carbide

On December 3, 1984, a Union Carbide subsidiary pesticide plant released 40 tonnes of

methyl isocyanate (MIC) gas, immediately killing nearly 3,000 people and ultimately

causing at least 15,000 to 22,000 total deaths.

(Acknowledgement)

222.The name of which company is supposedly derived from the transcandental god of

Zoraastrianism?

Mazda

It is also said that Mazda coincides with the anglicized pronunciation of the founder's

name, Jujiro Matsuda, who was interested in spirituality, and chose to rename it in honor of

both his family and the Zoroastrians. Mazda means "wisdom" in the Avestan language.

However, in Japanese, the company has always been pronounced and spelled as

"Matsuda" leading many to believe that Mazda is really just a poorly anglicized version of

the founder's name.

(Acknowledgement)

223.In the list of the largest exporters by value in the US, which company 'takes-off' to the

top position?

Boeing

In 2006 it took 55% of global commercial aircraft orders for the first time since 2000.

Boeing also continues to serve as the prime contractor on the International Space Station

and has built several of the major components.

224.Dean Kamen, the inventor of which self-balancing transportation device said "walking

is a remnant of the Dark Ages, an unpleasant time-waster that technology needs to

eradicate"?

Segway

The Segway resembles the motorized, gyroscopically stabilized unicycles in the science

fiction short story by Robert A. Heinlein titled The Roads Must Roll.

225.Harald ___ Gromson was the king of Denmark in the 10th century and is regarded as

having united Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. How is his name popular in the

technological world?

Bluetooth

Bluetooth is an industrial specification for wireless personal area networks (PANs) that

provides a way to connect and exchange information between devices.

226.What is the all time bestselling car in the world?

Toyota Corolla

In 1997, the Corolla became the bestselling car in the world, with over 30 million sold as of

2007.

(Acknowledgement)

227.In 2006, USA Today listed which advertising icon as no.1 on their list of 'Imaginary

Luminaries: the 101 most influential people who never lived'?

Marlboro Man

The Marlboro Man was first conceived by Leo Burnett in 1954. The ads were originally

conceived as a way to popularize filtered cigarettes, which at the time were considered

feminine. 

(Acknowledgement)

228.In business hierarchy, what is the marzipan layer?

The group of managers just below the highest level of directors.

This phrase refers to the fact that in some cakes, a layer of marzipan lies just below the

icing. 

(Acknowledgement)

229.By repute, where is the largest gold repository in the world? (hint: not Fort Knox!)

Federal Reserve Bank of New York in Manhattan

This cannot be confirmed as Swiss Banks do not report their gold stocks. The FRBNY's

stocks are larger even than Fort Knox, and it holds approx 5,000 tonnes of gold bullion

($90 billion worth at 2007 prices). The gold is owned by many foreign nations, central

banks and official international organizations. The Federal Reserve Bank does not own the

gold but serves as guardian of the precious metal, which it "protects" at no charge as a

gesture of good will to other nations. 

(Acknowledgement)

230.The American journalist Ida Tarbell is known for her expose of the corrupt practices of

which giant company? John D. Rockefeller probably hated her!

Standard Oil

She was known as one of the leading "muckrakers" of the progressive era, work known in

modern times as "investigative journalism." She is best-known for her 1904 book The

History of the Standard Oil Company, which was listed as No. 5 in a 1999 list by the New

York Times of the top 100 works of 20th-century American journalism. 

(Acknowledgement)

231.New York businessman Arnold Rothstein is widely reputed to have been behind what

major sports scandal in the early part of the 20th century?

Baseball's Black Sox scandal

His notoriety inspired several fictional characters based on his life, including Meyer

Wolfsheim in F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel The Great Gatsby.

232.What renowned company based out of California made significant contributions to

modern-day computing by inventing laser printing, Ethernet, and the graphical user

interface (GUI) paradigm, among other things?

PARC (Palo Alto Research Center, Inc.), formerly Xerox PARC

It was founded in 1970, and incorporated as a separate company (wholly owned by Xerox)

in 2002. Xerox has been heavily criticized (particularly by business historians) for failing to

properly commercialize and profitably exploit PARC's innovations. The work at PARC in the

years since the early 1980s is often overlooked, but major work since then includes

ubiquitous computing, aspect-oriented programming, and IPv6.

(Acknowledgement)

233.In the 1970s, 'The Chicago Boys' were a group of 25 economists working under which

South American dictator's administration to create a free market economy?

Augusto Pinochet

They were trained at the University of Chicago under Milton Friedman and Arnold

Harberger, that's why the name.

(Acknowledgement)

234.What principle states that 'in a hierarchy every employee tends to rise to his level of

incompetence'?

Peter principle

Formulated by Dr. Laurence J. Peter in his 1968 book of the same name, the Peter Principle

pertains to the level of competence of the human resources in a hierarchical organization.

The principle explains the upward, downward, and lateral movement of personnel within a

hierarchically organized system of ranks. 

(Acknowledgement)

235.Marshall McLuhan was named as the 'patron saint' of which magazine that had his

quote on its masthead for the first ten years of its publication?

Wired

Wired has both been admired and disliked for its strong libertarian principles, its

enthusiastic embrace of techno-utopianism, and its sometimes experimental layout with

its bold use of fluorescent and metallic inks.

236.In economics, what is a monopsony, as opposed to monopoly?

Market with one buyer

A single-payer universal health care system, in which the government is the only "buyer"

of health care services, is an example of a monopsony.

(Acknowledgement)

237.What 'nuclear' nickname was given to Jack Welch in the 1980s for eliminating

employees while leaving the office buildings intact?

Neutron Jack

In reference to the Neutron bomb that kills people but does not destroy buildings.

(Acknowledgement)

238.The design of Nike's Air Jordan basketball shoe was reportedly inspired by which

deadly African slithering creature?

Black mamba

(Acknowledgement)

239.In a 2006 commercial for Genworth Financial, a little boy more than matches the pro

Taylor Dent in a game of tennis. At the end of the game, the boys famous parents pick him

up. Can you guess who they are?

Agassi and Graf!

240.The most widely accepted explanation for the origin of which symbol is that it is the

result of the evolution of the Spanish and Mexican scribal abbreviation for pesos?

$ symbol

This theory, derived from a study of late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century

manuscripts, explains that the s gradually came to be written over the p developing a

close equivalent to the "$" mark.

241.Frequent travelers should know this. Which company's name comes from a song

called "Space Captain" whose lyrics contain the words "Lovely ___" but the founder heard

misheard the word "lovely" and decided to name the company thus?

Lonely Planet

Lonely Planet's first books catered to young people from Australia and Europe (mainly the

UK) undertaking the overland hippie trail between Australia and Europe, via South-East

Asia, the Indian subcontinent and the Middle East. This was becoming something of a rite

of passage for young travellers, especially Australians and New Zealanders, who spent

many months (or years) on the journey.

(Acknowledgement)

The success of what shoe brand has resulted from the aerobics fitness craze of the 80s?

Reebok

Reebok surged in popularity in 1982 after the introduction of the Freestyle athletic shoe,

which was specifically designed for women and came out when the aerobics fitness craze

started. Reebok continues to produce the Freestyle to this day as it is popular with

cheerleading, aerobic dancing, the gym, and dedicated consumers.

(Acknowledgement)

242.Which online business was named for a word from Gulliver's Travels that meant 'rude,

unsophisticated, uncouth'?

Yahoo!

It was founded by Jerry Yang and David Filo in January 1994 and was incorporated on

March 1, 1995.