triple point plot lemay jr, beall, robblee, brower, chemistry connections to our changing world,...
TRANSCRIPT
Triple Point Plot
LeMay Jr, Beall, Robblee, Brower, Chemistry Connections to Our Changing World , 1996, page 488
solidliquid
gas
melting
freezing
sublimation
deposition
vaporization
condensation
Temperature (oC)
Pre
ssur
e (a
tm)
0.6
2.6
Liquid VaporSolid
Normalmelting point
Normalboilingpoint
101.3
0.61
0.016 1000Temperature (oC)
Pre
ssu
re (
KP
a)
Triple point
Triple Point
Criticalpressure
Critical point
Critical temperature
373.99
22,058
Objectives - Matter• Explain why mass is used as a measure of the quantity
of matter.• Describe the characteristics of elements, compounds,
and mixtures.• Solve density problems by applying an understanding of
the concepts of density.• Distinguish between physical and chemical properties
and physical and chemical changes.• Demonstrate an understanding of the law of
conservation of mass by applying it to a chemical reaction.
Objectives - Energy• Identify various forms of energy.• Describe changes in energy that take place
during a chemical reaction.• Distinguish between heat and temperature.• Solve calorimetry problems.• Describe the interactions that occur between
electrostatic charges.
Law of Conservation of Energy
ENERGY
CO2 + H2OC2H2 + O2
PEreactants
PEproducts
KEstopper
heat, light, sound
Eafter = Ebefore
2 H2 + O2 2 H2O + energy
+ + WOOF!
Law of Conservation of Energy
ENERGY
C2H2 + O2C2H2 + O2
PEreactants
PEproducts
KEstopper
heat, light, sound
Eafter = Ebefore
2C2H2 + 5O2 4 CO2 + 2H2O + energy
Heating CurvesHeating CurvesT
emp
erat
ure
(oC
)
40
20
0
-20
-40
-60
-80
-100
120
100
80
60
140
Time
Melting - PE
Solid - KE
Liquid - KE
Boiling - PE
Gas - KE
Heating CurvesHeating Curves
Temperature Change• change in KE (molecular motion) • depends on heat capacity
Heat Capacity• energy required to raise the temp of 1
gram of a substance by 1°C• “Volcano” clip - water has a very high
heat capacityCourtesy Christy Johannesson www.nisd.net/communicationsarts/pages/chem
Heating CurvesHeating Curves
Phase Change• change in PE (molecular arrangement)• temp remains constant
Heat of Fusion (Hfus)
• energy required to melt 1 gram of a substance at its m.p.
Courtesy Christy Johannesson www.nisd.net/communicationsarts/pages/chem
Heating CurvesHeating Curves
Heat of Vaporization (Hvap)
• energy required to boil 1 gram of a substance at its b.p.
• usually larger than Hfus…why?
EX: sweating, steam burns, the drinking bird
Courtesy Christy Johannesson www.nisd.net/communicationsarts/pages/chem
Phase DiagramsPhase Diagrams
Show the phases of a substance at different temps and pressures.
Courtesy Christy Johannesson www.nisd.net/communicationsarts/pages/chem
Resources - Matter and Energy
Objectives - matter and energy - matter and energyObjectives - measurement - measurementObjectives - phases of matter - phases of matterWorksheet - vocabulary - vocabulary
Worksheet - percentage compositionWorksheet - percentage composition
Worksheet - properties - properties
Worksheet - density problems - density problems
Activity - density blocksActivity - density blocks
Lab - golf ball labLab - golf ball lab
Worksheet - classifying matter - classifying matter
Article - buckeyball & - buckeyball & questions (video) (video)
Outline (general)(general)
Activity - chromatography - chromatography
Outline - causes of change - calorimetryOutline - causes of change - calorimetry
Worksheet - calorimetry problems 1 - calorimetry problems 1
Worksheet - calorimetry problems 2 - calorimetry problems 2
Worksheet - heat energy problems - heat energy problems
Worksheet - conversion factors - conversion factors
Worksheet - atoms, mass, and the mole - atoms, mass, and the mole
activity - mole patternactivity - mole pattern
Article - buried in ice Article - buried in ice
Resources - Matter and Energy
Objectives - matter and energy - matter and energyObjectives - measurement - measurementObjectives - phases of matter - phases of matterWorksheet - vocabulary - vocabulary
Worksheet - percentage compositionWorksheet - percentage composition
Worksheet - properties - properties
Worksheet - density problems - density problems
Activity - density blocksActivity - density blocks
Lab - golf ball labLab - golf ball lab
Worksheet - classifying matter - classifying matter
Article - buckeyball & questions (video) - buckeyball & questions (video)
Outline (general)(general)
Activity - chromatographyActivity - chromatography
Outline - causes of change - calorimetryOutline - causes of change - calorimetry
Worksheet - calorimetry problems 1Worksheet - calorimetry problems 1
Worksheet - calorimetry problems 2Worksheet - calorimetry problems 2
Worksheet - heat energy problemsWorksheet - heat energy problems
Worksheet - conversion factorsWorksheet - conversion factors
Worksheet - atoms, mass, and the moleWorksheet - atoms, mass, and the mole
activity - mole patternactivity - mole pattern
Article - buried in ice Article - buried in ice