transition to a low carbon economy: the case of croatia in cultural heritage
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Author: Mislav Kirac (UNDP Croatia)TRANSCRIPT
Transition to a low carbon economy: the case of Croatia in cultural heritage
UNESCO School in South East EuropeSustainable energy governance in
UNESCO World Heritage Sites
Dubrovnik, Croatia 29 September – 4 October 2013
Low-emission Development Strategy(LEDS)
1. Framework for the Low-emission Development Strategy of Croatia until 2050
2. Low-emission Development Strategy of Croatia
Framework defines:• Goals• Vision• Priorities• Instruments• Strategy development process• Indicators
Low-emission Development Strategy(LEDS)
Strategy potential:• Investments• Industrial sector growth• New business development• Competitive economy• New jobs
LEDS include:• Kyoto Protocol, EU 20-20-20• Preliminary EU goal for 2030• Framework for Low Carbon Development (2050)
Low-emission Development Strategy(LEDS)
Uncertanties:• Economic crisis• Global impact of shale gas• Commercialization of CCS technologies• Nuclear energy utilization• Development of new technologies
Low-emission Development Strategy(LEDS)
RESPONSIBLE INSTITUTIONMinistry of Enviornment and Nature Protection
NATIONAL COMITEE FOR MITIGATION ON CLIMATE
CHANGE
EXTERNAL EXPERTISE
MEDIA AND PUBLIC
EXPERTS, INSTITUTES, FACULTIES, NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATIONS
TECHNICAL AND LOGISTIC SUPPORT
United Nations Development Programme in
Croatia (UNDP)
CO2 emission by source (Croatia)
Energy
Industry (energy)
Transport
Households services
Agriculture
Industrial process
Other
Low-emission Development Strategy(LEDS)
Consultations• First workshop• Sectoral workshops• Literature and expert discussions• Second workshop
Analysis• Sector analysis• Scenario projections• Multicriterial analysis• Evaluation of instruments
Framework for the Low-emission Development Strategy
Ministry of Environmental and Nature Protection
Action plan for air protection, ozone layer and mitigation of climate change
Sectoral workshops (LEDS)
•Team work•GHG reduction•SWOT analysis•Measures•Priorities•Financial models
Sectoral workshops (LEDS)
•Costs•GHG reduction potential•New jobs•Cost-benefit•Impact on health•Impact for rural development
Measure analysis
Croatia with “Scenario –80%” (2050)
2030 2050
% %
Energy facilities -58 -92
Industry -43 -83
Transport 20 -54
Households and services -37 -88
Agriculture -36 -42
Other -72 -70
Total -38 -76
Croatia with “Scenario –80%” (2050)
Instruments
• Legislation• Standards• Emission Trading Scheme• Subsidies• Education and promotion• Free market• Instutuional framework for inter-sectoral sinergy
Conclusion (LEDS)
• Goals can be met by using existing and predictable new technologies
• Significant changes in all sectors are needed• Instruments have to be numerous• Political will is essential• Behavior change is foundation for success
Heritage buildings in CroatiaNational Energy Efficiency Programme• 10,000 facilities in registry• Energy Management Information System• 14,000 public servants educated
Heritage buildings in Croatia• 15% of all public buildings is protected heritage building• 23% is located in protected area• Energy consumption: 229 mil. kWh/year• GHG emission: 67,500 tCO2/year • Energy costs: 14 mil EUR/year
Heritage buildings in CroatiaRealized measures (House in Order):• Energy audits for 28 protected heritage buildings
(potential savings 200,000 EUR/year)• Education for more than 14,000 public servants• Free EE measures in 14 heritage buildings –savings
80,000 EUR/year • EE measures in 17 heritage buildings – savings 50,000
EUR/year + further potential of 20,000 EUR/year• Smart metering in 20 heritage buildings for live tracking
of energy consumption
Heritage buildings in Croatia
Potential measures (House in Order):
• Switch to natural gas or RES (55% of heritage buildings have >15 year old boiler)
• Water saving equipment – only 11% of heritage buildings have some water saving equipment
• Lighting – 23% of heritage buildings have incandescent bulbs in majority
• Thermal isolation on roof – 82% of heritage buildings don’t have thermal isolation on roof
Heritage buildings in Croatia
Mary’s palace Lužnica
• Geothermal energy (heat pumps)• Energy savings 259,776 kWh/year• Cost 200,000 EUR
Heritage buildings in CroatiaInitiative “Croatian castles”
Castles of North-western Croatia (300)• 12% in excelent condition• 43% in good condition• 45% in poor condition
Heritage buildings in CroatiaInitiative “Croatian castles”
• Enhance cooperation between stakeholders (NGOs, government, owners, investors...)
• Finding models for revitalization of castles (EU funds)
Heritage buildings in Croatia
French pavilion, Zagreb
After reconstruction: - savings 327,000 kWh/year
Heritage buildings in Croatia
City walls lighting, Dubrovnik
• After reconstruction: savings 397,320 kWh/year and 47,400 EUR/year (80% reduction)
Heritage buildings in Croatia
Vitić’s skyscraper, Zagreb
• Poor condition, lack of maintenance• Current state: 182 kWh/m2 (E)• Optimal reconstruction: 74 kWh/m2 (C) = 60% reduction• Full-scale reconstruction: 47 kWh/m2 (B) = 75% reduction
Heritage buildings in Croatia
Elementary school Marin Getaldić, Dubrovnik
• Electricity used for heating (120,000 kWh/year)• Suggested: heat pump heating• Result: 4 times less electricity consumption, investment costs
17,000 EUR, return on investment in less than 3 years
The best way to predict future is to create it
Peter F. Druckerfounder of modern management
Thank you!Mislav Kirac
Marino Grozdek, Leon Lepoša, Izvještaj o provedenom energetskom pregledu objekta: OSNOVNA ŠKOLA MARINA GETALDIĆA, Dubrovnik
References
Energy audits and energy certification of residential building Laginjina 9, Zagreb (Vitić skyscraper), Planetaris Ltd 2013
Provedba mjera energetske učinkovitosti u Zagrebačkoj županiji, www.zagrebacka-zupanija.hr
Marko Križanec, Marko Bačić, “Lighting of protected historical city centres”
Movie:http://dotsub.com/view/cfccb28e-00ae-4e0f-8c46-e040bc737c08