transforming the internet: from ipv4 to ipv6 hk ipv6 conference
DESCRIPTION
Transforming the Internet: from IPv4 to IPv6 HK IPv6 Conference. Hong Kong 23 November 2009 By Miwa Fujii IPv6 Program Manager, APNIC. Overview. Recap: IP addresses management What is currently happening with the Internet? IPv4 address free pool exhaustion IPv6 deployment status - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Transforming the Internet:from IPv4 to IPv6
HK IPv6 Conference
Hong Kong23 November 2009
By Miwa FujiiIPv6 Program Manager, APNIC
1
Overview
• Recap: IP addresses management • What is currently happening with the Internet?
– IPv4 address free pool exhaustion– IPv6 deployment status– Readiness of resource management policies
• How is the APNIC community responding?– IPv6 readiness survey
• How is the technical community responding?• Are you ready for these changes?
– What do you need to do? 2
How are IP Addresses Managed?
• Regional Internet address Registries– Open membership-based industry bodies– Non-profit, neutral, and independent– Allocation, registration and other services– APNIC: training, infrastructure, cooperation
• First established in early 1990s– Voluntarily by consensus of community– To ensure responsible address management,
according to technical and administrative needs– To support Internet development
• In the “Internet tradition”– Consensus-based, open, and transparent
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Where do IP addresses come from?
Standards
Allocation
Allocation
Assignment
End user
* In some cases via an NIR, such as CNNIC, JPNIC etc.
*Regional Internet Registries (RIR) distribute IPv4, IPv6, and AS numbers tothe Internet community
RIRs maintain accurate registration ofInternet resource usage for the community
Regional Internet Registries
The Internet community established the RIRs to providefair and consistent resource distribution and accurate
resource registration throughout the world.
The policy development process
OPEN
TRANSPARENT‘BOTTOM UP’
Anyone can participate
All decisions & policies are documented & available
Internet community proposes and approves policy
Need
Discuss
Implement Consensus
Evaluate
Current policy discussions
• We are experiencing an important turning point in the history of the Internet
• IPv4 allocation policies are changing– Prop-50 IPv4 address transfers
• Deregulated transfers of IPv4 blocks• Allow address transfer between APNIC account
holders• The minimum transfer size: /24• APNIC to maintain a public log of all transfers• APNIC to maintain accurate registrations
– It has been under discussion since Sept 2007– Reached consensus at APNIC28
• Endorsed by EC in Nov 20097
Current policy discussions
• Prop-073: Simplifying allocation/assignment of IPv6 to APNIC members with existing IPv4 addresses– This proposal directs the APNIC Secretariat to automatically
assess and provide IPv6 resources to APNIC members that currently hold IPv4 resources but who do not hold IPv6 resources in the APNIC registry
– Reached consensus at APNIC28– Endorsed by the APNIC EC in November 2009
• Participate policy discussion!– http://www.apnic.net/community/participate/join-discussions
• Learn about other recent policy changes– http://www.apnic.net/community/policy/proposals
• Join discussions– http://www.apnic.net/community/participate/join-discussions
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IPv4 address global distribution
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256 x 10% = 25.6Remaining at IANA 26 x /8
Pre-RIRAllocations
RIRAllocations
http://www.iana.org/assignments/ipv4-address-space/ as of November 2009
Total: 256 x /8
IPv4 consumption – Projection
10 http://www.potaroo.net/tools/ipv4/index.html as of 09/11/2009
Projected IANA Unallocated Address Pool Exhaustion: 09/09/2011Projected RIR Unallocated Address Pool Exhaustion: 03/09/2012
APNIC IPv4 allocations by economy
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Unit: /8
http://www.apnic.net/stats/o3/ as of 07/11/2009
APNIC IPv6 delegation by economy
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Unit: individual delegation
http://www.apnic.net/stats/o3/ as of 07/11/2009
Number of IPv6 routes and origin Autonomous Systems
13
IPv6 routes
http://bgp.potaroo.net as of 06/11/2009
2350
IPv4 ASN 32500
IPv4 routes 320000
IPv6 ASN 1750
IPv6 BGP announcements - Global
14 http://bgpmon.net/weathermap.php?inet=6 as of 07/11/2009
The number of unique prefixes found in the routing table(BGPmon)
IPv6 BGP announcements –Asia Pacific
15 http://bgpmon.net/weathermap.php?inet=6&focus=asia as of 07/11/2009
The number of unique prefixes found in the routing table(BGPmon)
Web access by access type
16 APNIC R&D data as of 15/09/2009
IPv6 / IPv4 web access daily ratio
17APNIC R&D data as of 15/09/2009
APNIC +RIPE x
IPv6 ready products by economy
18http://v6metric.jp/html/st06/08.html as of 04/09/2009
IPv6 Routing Table
19Slide courtesy of Gert Doering and ARIN
IPv6 readiness status
20 http://www.mrp.net/IPv6_Survey.html
APNIC IPv6 Readiness Survey 2009
• Deployed or ready for immediate deployment?
• Formal plan for future deployment?
• Budgeted for future deployment?
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and more devices need to connect too!
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Billions of them
Strategies available for ISPs
• Do nothing– Wait and see what competitors do– Business not growing, so don’t care
• Extend life of IPv4– Push customers to NAT– Buy IPv4 address space on the marketplace
• Deploy IPv6– Dual stack infrastructure– IPv6 and NATed IPv4 for customers– Or various other combinations of IPv6, IPv4 and
NAT
23 Slide#22, “The Next Three Years (IPv4 rouout and the motivation for IPv6, presented by Philip Smith, Cisco at MENOG5, Beirut, Oct 2009
Available options for ISPs
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IPv4 address
exhaustion
Obtain additional
IPv4 addresses
Not to obtain additional IPv4
addresses
Slide#7, “Consideration on network models during the period of IPv4 address exhaustion, by Akira Nakagawa, KDDI, Nov 2009
Squeese out IPv4 addresses
from your networks
Externally obtain IPv4 addresses
Providing IPv4 connectivity
services
Providing no IPv4
connectivity services
Renumbering from own
networks which does not require
global IP
IP address transfer
Sharing IPv4 address among
customers
Run your business with
IPv6 only
Mid term Solution:IETF discussion
Short term Solution:Limited effect
Long term Solution:IPv4 compatibility issue
Technical community’s responses
• Prolonging IPv4 to help with IPv6– Large variety of proposals to “make IPv4 last
longer” to help with IPv6 deployment– All involve Large Scale NAT (LSN)
• NAT444/SP NAT– NAT to customer, NATed core
• Dual Stack Lite– Private IPv4 to IPv6 to Public IPv4– Activity of IETF Softwire Working Group
• NAT64 &IVI– Translation between IPv6 and IPv4– Activity of IETF Behave Working Group
25 Slide#23, “The Next Three Years (IPv4 rouout and the motivation for IPv6, presented by Philip Smith at MENOG5, Beirut, Oct 2009
Dual Stack Network
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• The original transition scenario, but dependent on:– IPv6 being available all the way to the customer– Sufficient IPv4 address space for the customer
Slide#24, “The Next Three Years (IPv4 rouout and the motivation for IPv6, presented by Philip Smith, Cisco at MENOG5, Beirut, Oct 2009
NAT444/SP NAT
27
• Consumer uses private IPv4 and native IPv6• SP uses private IPv4 and native IPv6 for backbone
Slide#25, “The Next Three Years (IPv4 rouout and the motivation for IPv6, presented by Philip Smith, Cisco at MENOG5, Beirut, Oct 2009
Dual Stack Lite
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• SP has IPv6 only infrastructure• For consumer, IPv4 tunnel to SP NAT, IPv6 native
Slide#26, “The Next Three Years (IPv4 rouout and the motivation for IPv6, presented by Philip Smith, Cisco at MENOG5, Beirut, Oct 2009
NAT64
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• Consumer uses only IPv6 plus Protocol Translation to reach IPv4• Service Provider uses only IPv6
Slide#27, “The Next Three Years (IPv4 rouout and the motivation for IPv6, presented by Philip Smith, Cisco at MENOG5, Beirut, Oct 2009
The future…
• The Internet has already shown its ability to evolve– Those who are building the Internet need to
be aware of IPv4 consumption and IPv6 transition
• ISPs, content providers, vendors, applications– Planning should start now, in detail, for the
day when there is not enough IPv4 address space
• Implementation plan, budget, and allocation of resources
– A smooth transition is still possible
Transition planning for content providers: Multihoming via IPv6
• Obtain IPv6 address assignment• Find an ISP that can provide you IPv6
connectivity– Contract to secure IPv6 connectivity – Use tunnels if necessary
• Find Internet exchange points that support IPv6
• Peer with other IPv6 networks as much as you can
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Transition planning for network operators: Deploy IPv6 by 2010
• Your customers - for example, content providers, enterprises etc - will eventually demand IPv6 connectivity– Be ready for them!
• Plan for deployment– APNIC suggests that network operators and
service providers be prepared to support customers and services using IPv6 by 2010
– Build IPv6 into regular product upgrade cycles
– Contact your vendors now!
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Transition planning governments: Support the industry
• Industry, regulators, and public policy makers – Develop a coherent strategy to sustain the
transitional framework between IPv4 and IPv6
– Deploy IPv6 in government infrastructures, and require it of your suppliers
– Encourage the continuing contribution of various stakeholders in mutually supportive roles
• Keep up-to-date with topics of IPv4 address exhaustion and IPv6 transition
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IPv6 deployment opportunities
• What benefits can you create by deploying IPv6 in your region?
• A new industry without much legacy– Effective use of the Internet for socio-economic
development?• Point-to-point connectivity in remote learning environments?• Effective use of multicasting to conserve bandwidth?
– Stable, continuous Internet for:• Disaster risk management and risk reduction?• Early warning and response to disaster risks?
– Effective use of IPv6’s new features?• Transportable communication system for effective disaster and
emergency management?– Energy efficient networks?
• Deploy new technologies with less power consumption?• Positive impact to the environment?
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Recent IPv6 implementation caseQ2, 2009
• Sify.com India enabled their services with IPv6– Internet access to enterprise customers– MPLS-based IP-VPN services
• Orange Business Services deployed IPv6 in its MPLS IP VPN backbone – Available in 35 countries in Q2 2009– Gradually extended to more than 100
• FX Networks in NZ – High performance national Internet backbone is
natively running IPv6 in parallel with IPv4 and is available for customers to use
– To sustain their business with Asian business partners
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http://sev.prnewswire.com/computer-networks/20090528/3907349en_iCrossing28052009-1.html http://www.orange.com/en_EN/press/press_releases/att00012170/print.jsphttp://www.geekzone.co.nz/content.asp?contentid=8251
IPv6 services deployment plan
• Internode– IPv6 Broadband Trial Services
• http://ipv6.internode.on.net/access/adsl/• Providing a testing environment for existing ADSL users• Capacity building exercise for Internode engineers
• Comcast– Making IPv6 transit services available to its wholesale customers– Then making IPv6 available to Comcast's business and residential
broadband customers• Broadband IPv6 technical trials later this year and into 2010
• AT&T– Plans to launch commercial IPv6-based service offerings in 2009 – The rationale and strategies for AT&T and enterprise customers to plan
for and initiate transition towards IPv6 deployments • http://www.business.att.com/content/whitepaper/WP-IPv6_18359_v1_5-11-
09.pdf
36http://www.internetnews.com/infra/article.phpr/3825696/Comcast+Embraces+IPv6.htm June 2009http://www.business.att.com/content/whitepaper/WP-IPv6_18359_v1_5-11-09.pdf Nov 2009
Need IPv6 addresses?
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Contact the APNIC [email protected]
Helpdesk chat
http://www.apnic.net/services/apply-for-resources
IPv6 is easy to obtain !
Contact APNIC [email protected]
Helpdesk chat
APNIC supports IPv6 deployment
• APNIC IPv6 Program – Rolling out various IPv6-related activities– ICONS IPv6 Wiki and IPv6 ICONS Forum
• http://icons.apnic.net/display/icons/Home • Your participation will help the Internet community
• APNIC meetings are open to everyone!– Next meeting is in Kuala Lumpur– http://meetings.apnic.net/29
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ICONS IPv6 Wiki
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http://icons.apnic.net/IPv6
Use RSS to stay updated!
Suggestions to the HK community(my 2 cents…)
• Capacity building before IPv4 address exhausts– Learn from other network operators groups
• “Broadband (cable/DSL) and wireless (GSM/3G) providers will not have enough IPv4 space to give a unique IPv4 address to each CPE”
• How do we cope with the situation?• Transition techniques to be learnt• http://www.attn.jp/maz/p/c/ipv4sharing2009/
– Mark Townsley (6rd), Alain Durand (DS Lite) etc.
– Bring IETF conference to your community• [email protected]
– Participate APRICOT 2010 and APNIC 29 in Kuala Lumpur
• 23 Feb 2010 – 5 March 2010• http://www.apricot2010.net/
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