Migration Of

IPv4 IPv6Submitted By : Amit Kumar

Reg No:1501227251Roll No : CS150053Group : 1(B)

Guided By : Beena Bani VandnaAsst Prof.CS Department

Contents1. Introduction 2. Internet Protocol3. Understanding IPv4 addresses4. Understanding Ipv6 addresses5. Advantage 6. Conclusion

IntroductionAll of us use internet on our PCs, laptops, and maybe smartphones, I phones, etc. We use internet either for sending or receiving messages or for looking for some information or doing some sort of transactions. All of this essentially requires our device to communicate with some other device on the internet.

Now think about the postal system, say someone wants to send you a package, to enable the package to reach to you, you need to provide some physical address at the post office where the package can be delivered. Similarly in order for your device to be part of the internet, it needs to have an IP address or an Internet Protocol address.

What is IP??A global computer network i.e. Internet is used by certain rules and procedure that is Internet Protocol.An IP (INTERNET PROTOCOL) address is a unique number used for identifying a device on the internet.

An IP address basically consists of two parts –

A. Network part– This is used for identifying a particular network on the Internet. B. Host part- This is used for identifying a particular host/device on a

given network. At present IPv4 is being used for addressing the devices on the internet.

Introducing IPv4IPv4 addresses are basically 32 – bit values. The 32 – bits of an IPv4 address are segmented into four 8 – bit fields called octets. Each octet is then converted into decimal numbers from 0-255 and separated by a period (dot). The use of 32 bits gives us approximately gives us 4 billion IPv4 addresses but with the increasing number of users and new devices connecting to internet. We are quickly running out of them.

Classes IPv4Class Address Range Supports

Class A 1.0.0.1 to 126.255.255.254 Supports 16 million hosts on each of 127 networks.

Class B 128.1.0.1 to 191.255.255.254 Supports 65,000 hosts on each of 16,000 networks.

Class C 192.0.1.1 to 223.255.254.254 Supports 254 hosts on each of 2 million networks.

Class D 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255 Reserved for multicast groups.

Class E 240.0.0.0 to 254.255.255.254

Reserved for future use, or Research and Development Purposes.

Migrating to IPv6In now a days, users of internet network are increasing like the bacteria production.A simple java enabled phones have the internet connectivity.There become a problem to identify the devices . Here’s need to Migrate IPv4 to IPv6The IPv6 is the sixth version of IP address. It is a 128 – bit long value, allowing for 2^32 or 3.4* 10^38 addresses. To represent the 128 bit address, IPV6 uses 16 – bit hexadecimal fields separated by colons (:).

Migration strategies1. Dual Stack– In the dual stack implementation all the network

devices (workstations, servers, routers, etc. ) support both IPv4 and IPv6. The applications can communicate using either version. It is an easy to implement strategy.

2. Tunneling – It is a transition mechanism whereby an IP packet from one address family is encapsulated in an IP packet from another address family enabling the original packet to be transported over network of another address family.

Advantage of IPv61. Larger address space 2. Eliminates need for NAT it allows us to map a large pool of private IPv4

addresses to a few globally routable addresses, thus solving the problem of address scarcity.

3. Comes with inbuilt support for IPSec – IPSec is the internet protocol that ensures secure transaction of packets over the internet. IPv6 comes with an inbuilt support for IPSec whereas it has to be manually implemented in case of IPv4.

4. Comes with inbuilt support for IPSec – IPSec is the internet protocol that ensures secure transaction of packets over the internet. IPv6 comes with an inbuilt support for IPSec whereas it has to be manually implemented in case of IPv4.

and many more

Differences IPv6 & IPv6IPv4 IPv6

Deployed 1981 1999

Size of address 32-bit 128-bit

Address Format 172.1.0.104 2011:1006::6

IP Sec support Optional Inbuilt

Broadcast Messages Available Not Available

ConclusionThe purpose of this project was to thoroughly study IPv6- its advantages, deployment and migration etc. As we realize for transition from IPv4 to IPv6, we need to go through a stage where we have to ensure a peaceful co- existence of the two networks.

Also, the migration is inevitable because the IPv4 addresses are no longer capable enough to meet the address demands of the world.

Refrences“Migrating to IPv6 – A Practical Guide to Implementing IPv6 in Mobile and Fixed Networks”-by Marc Blanchet • “IPv4/IPv6 Transition Mechanisms” - by LukaKorsic ,Matjaz Straus Istenic • The ABCs of IP Version 6 – Cisco IOS Learning Services • “IPv6 Basics” –by Marco Hogewoning, RIPE NCC Trainer • “IPv6 Now- IPv6 Prefix Primer”- by Karl Auer